Lec 3

Lecture 3
Research Procedure (Cont.)

Outline
1. Selection of problem
2. Review of existing research and theory
3. Statement of hypothesis or research question
4. Determination of appropriate methodology and research design
5. Data collection
6. Analysis and interpretation of data
7. Presentation of results
8. Replication
Outline
5. Data collection
8. Replication
4- Determination of appropriate methodology and
research design
➢ We have multiple ways of research methods.
▪ It may require a survey answer some questions by phone or mail, or answer some
other questions through a personal interview.
▪ Some problems may require testing in the lab and control some external factors.
research design
➢ The approach selected based on
▪ The goals of the study
▪ Costs available
research design
➢ Characteristics of Research Design
1. Naturalistic setting.
2. Clear cause-and-effect relationships.
3. Unobtrusive and valid measurements.
4. Realism.
research design
1. Naturalistic setting.
▪ It must take place in natural environmental conditions.
▪ This means that subjects under study should be unaware of the research situation,
if possible.
research design
2. Clear cause-and-effect relationships.
▪ The researcher must make every effort to control independent/dependent

variable relationships.
▪ If you specify all the
▪ confused elements to study, researcher could reach a strong and reliable results.
research design
3. Unobtrusive and valid measurements.
▪ There must be a clear relationship or between communication processes that are

done with the sample and measurement tools used.
▪ If participants know the objective of the study research sample, they tend to
answer questions directed to them differently.
research design
4. Realism
▪ First and foremost, research design must be realistic,
▪ Consideration of the availability of time, money, personnel to conduct the study,

and researchers who are competent in the proposed research methodology and
statistical analysis.
Outline
5. Data collection
8. Replication
5. Data collection
➢ Most researchers do not actually conduct every phase of every project they
supervise.
➢ Researchers are usually designed a research project and select a sample study,
preparation of measurement tools.
➢ researchers do not (for example) telephone connections or interviews with

respondents from consumers. But researchers connected to this business.
5. Data collection
➢ Research companies offer many services.
➢ These companies also offer their services in many areas such as media contacts or
even go to hospitals and banks.
➢ There are some companies that can execute any type of research whether research
survey through telephone, personal interviews, interviews with consumers in stores,
or community focus.
5. Data collection
➢ When the researcher begins to use corporate research assistance:
▪ Should know that not all search providers on the same level.
▪ It can be any person or any group providing services for research or field service.
▪ There are no formal requirements and not hold them tests and doesn't ask these
individuals or companies providing certificates.
5. Data collection
▪ The researcher should follow up and close up the project that the company
performed.
▪ This must be to all companies, even the good ones.
▪ It's not because of lack of confidence, but to make sure that the project will
answer research questions and submit required information accurately.
5. Data collection
▪ The researcher should follow up and close up the project that the company
performed.
▪ This must be to all companies, even the good ones.
▪ It's not because of lack of confidence, but to make sure that the project will
answer research questions and submit required information accurately.
Outline
5. Data collection
8. Replication
6. Analysis and Interpretation of Data
➢ The time and effort required for data analysis and interpretation depends on the
study's purpose and the methodology used.
➢ Analysis and interpretation may take several days to several months.
➢ Every analysis should be carefully planned and performed according to guidelines

designed for that analysis.
6. Analysis and Interpretation of Data
➢ Once the computations have been completed, the researcher must "step back" and
consider what has been discovered.
➢ The results must be analyzed with reference to their external validity and the
likelihood of their accuracy.
➢ Researchers must determine through analysis whether their work is valid internally
and externally.
Outline
5. Data collection
8. Replication
➢ The format used in presenting results depends on the purpose of the study.
➢ Research intended for publication in academic journals follows a format prescribed

by each journal.
Outline
5. Data collection
8. Replication
8. Replication
➢ The study should be repeated to be sure from the results
➢ Too often, researchers conduct one study and report the results as if they are
providing the basis for a theory or law.This cannot be true.
Outline
5. Data collection
8. Replication
Thank You

Lec 3

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lec 3

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lec 3

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lecture 3

Research Procedure (Cont.)

2. Review of existing research and theory

3. Statement of hypothesis or research question

4. Determination of appropriate methodology and research design

6. Analysis and interpretation of data

2. Review of existing research and theory

3. Statement of hypothesis or research question

4. Determination of appropriate methodology and research design

6. Analysis and interpretation of data

➢ We have multiple ways of research methods.

➢ The approach selected based on

▪ The goals of the study

➢ Characteristics of Research Design

2. Clear cause-and-effect relationships.

3. Unobtrusive and valid measurements.

➢ Characteristics of Research Design

▪ It must take place in natural environmental conditions.

➢ Characteristics of Research Design

2. Clear cause-and-effect relationships.

▪ The researcher must make every effort to control independent/dependent

▪ If you specify all the

➢ Characteristics of Research Design

3. Unobtrusive and valid measurements.

▪ There must be a clear relationship or between communication processes that are

➢ Characteristics of Research Design

▪ First and foremost, research design must be realistic,

▪ Consideration of the availability of time, money, personnel to conduct the study,

2. Review of existing research and theory

3. Statement of hypothesis or research question

4. Determination of appropriate methodology and research design

6. Analysis and interpretation of data

➢ researchers do not (for example) telephone connections or interviews with

➢ Research companies offer many services.

➢ When the researcher begins to use corporate research assistance:

➢ When the researcher begins to use corporate research assistance:

▪ This must be to all companies, even the good ones.

➢ When the researcher begins to use corporate research assistance:

▪ This must be to all companies, even the good ones.

2. Review of existing research and theory

3. Statement of hypothesis or research question

4. Determination of appropriate methodology and research design

6. Analysis and interpretation of data

➢ Analysis and interpretation may take several days to several months.

➢ Every analysis should be carefully planned and performed according to guidelines

2. Review of existing research and theory

3. Statement of hypothesis or research question

4. Determination of appropriate methodology and research design

6. Analysis and interpretation of data

➢ Research intended for publication in academic journals follows a format prescribed

2. Review of existing research and theory

3. Statement of hypothesis or research question

4. Determination of appropriate methodology and research design

6. Analysis and interpretation of data

➢ The study should be repeated to be sure from the results

2. Review of existing research and theory

3. Statement of hypothesis or research question

4. Determination of appropriate methodology and research design