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Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VII – Central Visayas
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF LAPU-LAPU CITY
MARIGONDON NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Marigondon, Lapu-Lapu City
Name of Learner: ________________________________ Grade Level:______________________________________
Section: _________________________________________ Date:_____________________________________________
Learning Activity Sheet 4.1
Precalculus
PRELUDE TO TRIGONOMETRY
I. Learning Competency
• Illustrate the unit circle and the relationship between the linear and angular measures of a central angle in a unit circle
• Convert degree measure to radian measure and vice versa
• Illustrate angles in standard position and coterminal angles
II. Background Information for the Learners

An angle is formed by rotating a ray
about its endpoint. In the figures at the
right, the initial side of is ,
while its terminal side is .
An angle is positive if the terminal side

rotates counterclockwise. An angle is
negative if the terminal side rotates
clockwise.
An angle is in standard position if it is drawn in the -coordinate plane

with its vertex at the origin and its initial side is on the positive -axis.
In the figure at the right, the angles and are angles in standard
position.
Unit circle is a circle having its center at the origin (of a coordinate
1
plane) and a radius of 1. It is defined by the equation:
A central angle of a unit circle that intercepts an arc of the circle

with length 1 unit has a measure of 1 radian, written as
-1 1
In your Grade 9 Trigonometry, you often used degree measure. In
other fields of mathematics like calculus, radian measure is
preferred.
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Converting Degree Measure to Radian Measure

1. To convert degree measure to radian measure, multiply it by .
2. To convert radian measure to degree measure, multiply it by .
Example: Express (a) in radians and (b) in degrees.
Solution.
(a)
(b)
These are some of the angles in standard position with the indicated terminal sides.
Two angles in standard positions with a common terminal

side are called coterminal angles. Two angles are coterminal
if and only if their degree measure differ by a multiple of
or if their radian measure differ by .
In the firgure at the right, is coterminal with .
Mathematically, if we let be the original angle, and as an

angle coterminal with :
, or
, where is an integer.
Arc Length and Area of a Sector

Arc length
The length of an arc (denoted by of a circle with radius subtending a central angle of measure (in radians)
is given by the formula
where the arc length

radius
angle measure in radians (if the angle is given in degrees,
convert it to its equivalent in radians)
Example: Find the length of an arc of a circle with radius 10 meters that subtends a central angle of
Solution.
Since the central angle is given in degrees, we have to convert it to radians.
Once converted, use the formula to solve for the arc length.
Area of a Sector
A sector of a circle is the portion of the interior of a circle bounded by the initial and terminal sides of a central
angle and its intercepted arc. The area of a sector is given by the formula:
where area of the sector

radius
angle measure (in radians)
Example: Find the area of a sector of a circle with a central angle if the radius of the circle is 3 cm.
Solution.
We have to convert to radians.
Use the formula to solve for .
III. Activities and Assessment

Assessment. Encircle the letter corresponding to your answer.
1. What is formed by rotating a ray about its endpoint?
A. Angle B. Line C. Plane D. Circle
2. Which of the following analogies about angles is correct?
A. Positive : Clockwise :: Negative : Counterclockwise
B. Positive : Counterclockwise :: Negative : Clockwise
C. Negative : Counterclockwise :: Positive : Counterclockwise
D. Negative : Clockwise :: Positive : Clockwise
3. How do you call a circle whose center is at the origin with a radius of 1 unit?
A. Small Circle B. Unit Circle C. Tangent Circles D. Circle in standard position
4. How many radians is 225°?
A. 43 B. 4π
3
C. 3π
2
D. 5π
4
5. How many degrees is 13π
6
?
A. 780° B. 468° C. 585° D. 390°
6. How many radians is 630°?
A. 14π
6
B. 14π
3
C. 7π
3
D. 7π
2
7. How many degrees is 8π
9
?
A. 320° B. 160° C. 480° D. 560°
8. What is the length of an arc of a circle with radius 10 m that subtends a central angles of 60°?
A. 5π
3
m B. 300 m C. 10π
3
m D. 5π
6
m
9. What is the area of the sector with central angle 30° if the radius of the circle is 9 m.
A. 27π
2
m2 B. 9π
2
m2 C. 9 m2 D. 9π
4
m2
10. A central angle θ in a circle of radius 15 m is subtended by an arc of length 15π m. Find the measure of in degrees.
A. 135° B. 270° C. 180° D. 240°
11. A sprinkler on a golf course fairway is set to spray water over a distance of 7 feet and rotates through an angle of 120°. Find
the area of the fairway watered by the sprinkler.
A. 49π
3
ft2 B. 49π
9
ft2 C. 14π
9
ft2 D. 14π
3
ft2
12. The terminal side of the angle in standard position having a degree measure of 520° lies in what quadrant?
A. Quadrant I B. Quadrant II C. Quadrant III D. Quadrant IV
13. The terminal side of the angle in standard position having a radian measure of 3.5 radians lies in what quadrant?
A. Quadrant I B. Quadrant II C. Quadrant III D. Quadrant IV
14. What angle from the range [0, 360°] is coterminal with the angle having a degree measure of 500°?
A. 140° B. 240° C. 40° D. –120°
15. What angle from the range [0, 2 ] is coterminal with the angle having a radian measure of 14π
5
?
A. π5 B. 4π
5
C. 9π
5
D. 7π
5
Read and understand each problem. Solve what is asked. Show your organized solution.
1. Find the length of an arc of a circle with radius 21 that subtends a central angle of .
2. A central angle in a circle of radius 9 m is subtended by an arc of length 12 . Find the measure of in radians.
3. Find the radius of a circle in which a central angle of rad determines a sector of area 64 .
4. A jeepney has a windshield wiper on the driver’s side that has total arm
and blade 10 inches long and rotates back and forth through an angle of
. The shaded region in the figure is the portion of the windshield
cleaned by the 7-inch wiper blade. What is the area of the region cleaned?
5. Angle measures can be expressed in degrees , minutes and seconds
, with the following conversion factors:
Express 3.2 in degrees, minutes and seconds.

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II. Background Information for the Learners

An angle is positive if the terminal side

An angle is in standard position if it is drawn in the -coordinate plane

A central angle of a unit circle that intercepts an arc of the circle

Converting Degree Measure to Radian Measure

Two angles in standard positions with a common terminal

In the firgure at the right, is coterminal with .

Mathematically, if we let be the original angle, and as an

Arc Length and Area of a Sector

where the arc length

where area of the sector

Use the formula to solve for .

III. Activities and Assessment

Express 3.2 in degrees, minutes and seconds.

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