DBMS LAB MANUAL Updated

DBMS Lab with Mini Project Manual-21CSL55
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND

ENGINEERING
Academic Year: 2023-24
LABORATORY MANUAL
SEMESTER : V
SUBJECT :Database System Management Laboratories with Mini
Project.
SUBCODE :21CSL55
Dept. of CSE, AMCEC, Bangalore Page 1

Vision of the Institute

“To be a leader in imparting value based Technical
Education and Research for the benefit of society”.
Mission of the Institute

M1 To Provide State-of-the-art Infrastructure Facilities
M2 To Implement modern Pedagogical Methods in delivering the Academic
Programs with Experienced and Committed Faculty
M3 To Create a Vibrant Ambience that promotes Learning, Research, Invention
and Innovation
M4 To Undertake Skill Development Programmes for Academic Institutions
and Industries
M5 To Enhance Industry Institute Interaction through Collaborative Research
and Consultancy
M6 To Relentlessly Pursue Professional Excellence with Ethical and Moral
Values

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
VISION
“Be a premier department in the field of Computer Science &
Engineering to meet the technological challenges of the
society”
Mission of the Department
MD 1 To provide state of the art infrastructure facilities
To provide exposure to the latest tools in the area of computer hardware

MD 2 and software
To strive for academic excellence through research in Computer Science
MD 3 and Engineering with creative teaching-learning pedagogy
To establish Industry Institute Interaction and make students ready for the
MD 4 Industrial environment
To transform students into entrepreneurial, technically competent,
MD 5 socially responsible and ethical computer science professional

PROGRAMME EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

Graduates possess advanced knowledge of Computer Science &
PEO 1
Engineering and excel in leadership roles to serve the society
Graduates of the program will apply Computer Engineering tools in
PEO 2 core technologies for improving knowledge in the Interdisciplinary
Research and/or Entrepreneurs
Graduates adapt Value-Based Proficiency in solving real time
PEO 3
problems.
PROGRAMME SPECIFIC OUTCOMES

Professional Skills: Ability of using mathematical methodologies for
analysis of computing concepts, data structure, computer hardware,
layered technologies and suitable algorithm which in turn helps
PSO 1 graduates to model, design and implement a system to meet specific
requirement
Software Skills: Ability to build Software Engineering System for

lifecycle development by using analytical knowledge in Computer
PSO 2 Science & Engineering and applying modern methodologies

PROGRAM OUTCOMES (POS)

Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering
PO1 fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering
problems.
Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze complex
PO2 engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of
mathematics, natural sciences, and engineering sciences.
Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems
and design system components or processes that meet the specified needs with
PO3
appropriate consideration for the public health and safety, and the cultural, societal, and
environmental considerations.
Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge and
PO4 research methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data,
and synthesis of the information to provide valid conclusions
Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and
PO5 modern engineering and IT tools including prediction and modeling to complex
engineering activities with an understanding of the limitations.
The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to
PO6 assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent
responsibilities relevant to the professional engineering practice.
Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional
PO7 engineering solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the
knowledge of, and need for sustainable development.
Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities
PO8 and norms of the engineering practice.
Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or
PO9
leader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the
engineering community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend
PO10
and write effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations, and
give and receive clear instructions.
Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the
engineering and management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a
PO11
member and leader in a team, to manage projects and in multidisciplinary
environments.
Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to
PO12 engage in independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological
change.

COURSE DETAILS
Course Name: DBMS Lab with Mini Project
Subject Code: 21CSL55
COURSE OBJECTIVES
This course will enable students to
Foundation knowledge in database concepts, technology and practice to groom

1 students into well-informed database application developers.
2 Strong practice in SQL programming through a variety of database problems.
3 Develop database applications using front-end tools and back-end DBMS

SYLLABUS
DBMS LABORATORY WITH MINI PROJECT
[As per Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) scheme]
Course Code 21CSL55 CIE Marks 50

Teaching Hours/Week (L:T:P: S) 0:0:2:0
SEE Marks 50 Total Hours of Pedagogy 24
Total Marks 100 Credits 01 Exam Hours 03
PART-A: SQL Programming (Max. Exam Mks. 60)
 Design, develop, and implement the specified queries for the following problems
using Oracle, MySQL, MS SQL Server, or any other DBMS under LINUX/Windows
environment.
 Create Schema and insert at least 5 records for each table. Add appropriate
database constraints.
PART-B: Mini Project (Max. Exam Mks. 40)

 Use Java, C#, PHP, Python, or any other similar front-end tool. All applications must be
demonstrated on desktop/laptop as a stand-alone or web based application (Mobile apps on
Android/IOS are not permitted.)
Lab Experiments:
Part A: SQL Programming
A. Consider the following schema for a Library Database:
BOOK(Book_id, Title, Publisher_Name, Pub_Year)
BOOK_AUTHORS(Book_id, Author_Name)
PUBLISHER(Name, Address, Phone)
BOOK_COPIES(Book_id, Branch_id, No-of_Copies)
BOOK_LENDING(Book_id, Branch_id, Card_No, Date_Out, Due_Date)
LIBRARY_BRANCH(Branch_id, Branch_Name, Address)
Write SQL queries to
1. Retrieve details of all books in the library – id, title, name of publisher, authors, number of
copies in each branch, etc.
2. Get the particulars of borrowers who have borrowed more than 3 books, but from Jan 2017 to
Jun 2017.
3. Delete a book in BOOK table. Update the contents of other tables to reflect this data
manipulation operation.
4. Partition the BOOK table based on year of publication. Demonstrate its
working with a simple query.
5. Create a view of all books and its number of copies that are currently available in library.

B. Consider the following schema for Order Database:

SALESMAN(Salesman_id, Name, City, Commission)
CUSTOMER(Customer_id, Cust_Name, City, Grade, Salesman_id)
ORDERS(Ord_No, Purchase_Amt, Ord_Date, Customer_id, Salesman_id)
1. Count the customers with grades above Bangalore’s average.
2. Find the name and numbers of all salesman who had more than one customer.
3. List all the salesman and indicate those who have and don’t have customers in their cities (Use
UNION operation.)
4. Create a view that finds the salesman who has the customer with the highest order of a day.
5. Demonstrate the DELETE operation by removing salesman with id 1000. All his orders must
also be deleted.
C. Consider the schema for Movie Database:

ACTOR(Act_id, Act_Name, Act_Gender)
DIRECTOR(Dir_id, Dir_Name, Dir_Phone)
MOVIES(Mov_id, Mov_Title, Mov_Year, Mov_Lang, Dir_id)
MOVIE_CAST(Act_id, Mov_id, Role)
RATING(Mov_id, Rev_Stars)
1. List the titles of all movies directed by ‘Hitchcock’.
2. Find the movie names where one or more actors acted in two or more movies.
3. List all actors who acted in a movie before 2000 and also in a movie after 2015 (use JOIN
operation).
4. Find the title of movies and number of stars for each movie that has at least one rating and find
the highest number of stars that movie received. Sort the result by movie title.
5. Update rating of all movies directed by ‘Steven Spielberg’ to 5.
D. Consider the schema for College Database:

STUDENT(USN, SName, Address, Phone, Gender)
SEMSEC(SSID, Sem, Sec)
CLASS(USN, SSID)
SUBJECT(Subcode, Title, Sem, Credits)
IAMARKS(USN, Subcode, SSID, Test1, Test2, Test3, FinalIA)
1. List all the student details studying in fourth semester ‘C’ section.
2. Compute the total number of male and female students in each semester and in each section.
3. Create a view of Test1 marks of student USN ‘1BI15CS101’ in all subjects.
4. Calculate the FinalIA (average of best two test marks) and update the corresponding table for
all students.
5. Categorize students based on the following criterion:
If FinalIA = 17 to 20 then CAT = ‘Outstanding’
If FinalIA = 12 to 16 then CAT = ‘Average’
If FinalIA< 12 then CAT = ‘Weak’

Give these details only for 8th semester A, B, and C section students.
E. Consider the schema for Company Database:

EMPLOYEE(SSN, Name, Address, Sex, Salary, SuperSSN, DNo)
DEPARTMENT(DNo, DName, MgrSSN, MgrStartDate)
DLOCATION(DNo,DLoc)
PROJECT(PNo, PName, PLocation, DNo)
WORKS_ON(SSN, PNo, Hours)
1. Make a list of all project numbers for projects that involve an employee whose last name is
‘Scott’, either as a worker or as a manager of the department that controls the project.
2. Show the resulting salaries if every employee working on the ‘IoT’ project is given a 10
percent raise.
3. Find the sum of the salaries of all employees of the ‘Accounts’ department, as well as the
maximum salary, the minimum salary, and the average salary in this department
4. Retrieve the name of each employee who works on all the projects Controlled by department
number 5 (use NOT EXISTS operator).
5. For each department that has more than five employees, retrieve the department number and
the number of its employees who are making more than Rs. 6,00,000.
Part B: Mini project
 For any problem selected, write the ER Diagram, apply ER-mapping rules, normalize the
relations, and follow the application development process.
 Make sure that the application should have five or more tables, at least one trigger and one
stored procedure, using suitable frontend tool.
 Indicative areas include; health care, education, industry, transport, supply chain, etc.
COURSE OUTCOMES
At the end of the Course, the students will be able to:
CO1 Design a database schema for a given problem-domain
CO2 Create, populate , query and maintain tables of a database using PL/SQL
CO3 Demonstrate the working of different concepts of DBMS
CO4 Develop database applications using front-end tools and back-end DBMS.
CO5 Work with other people in a team, communicating ideas effectively in

speech and in writing

CO-PO Mapping
COs PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2
CO1 3 3 2
CO2 1 2 1
CO3 3 2 2 1
CO4 3 3 2 3
CO5 3 3 1 1
Avg. 2 2.5 3 2.3 3 3 1 1.5 2

INTRODUCTION TO SQL
DATA DEFINITION, CONSTRAINTS, AND SCHEMA CHANGES
Used to CREATE, ALTER, and DROP the descriptions of the database tables (relations)
Data Definition in SQL
CREATE, ALTER and DROP
table….............................................................relation
row…...............................................................tuple
column…........................................................attribute
DATA TYPES
 Numeric: NUMBER, NUMBER(s,p), INTEGER, INT, FLOAT, DECIMAL
 Character: CHAR(n), VARCHAR(n), VARCHAR2(n), CHAR VARYING(n)
 Bit String: BLOB, CLOB
 Boolean: true, false, and null
 Date and Time: DATE (YYYY-MM-DD) TIME( HH:MM:SS)
 Timestamp: DATE + TIME
 USER Defined types
CREATE SCHEMA
Specifies a new database schema by giving it a name
Ex: CREATE SCHEMA COMPANY AUTHORIZATION Jsmith;
CREATE TABLE
 Specifies a new base relation by giving it a name, and specifying each of its attributes and
their data types
Syntax of CREATE Command:
CREATE TABLE <table name> ( <Attribute A1> <Data Type D1> [< Constarints>],
<Attribute A2> <Data Type D2> [< Constarints>],
<Attribute An> <Data Type Dn> [< Constarints>], [<integrity-constraint1>, <integrity-constraint

k> ] );
- A constraint NOT NULL may be specified on an attribute A constraint NOT NULL may be
specified on an attribute
Ex: CREATE TABLE DEPARTMENT (DNAME VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL, DNUMBER
INTEGER NOT NULL, MGRSSN CHAR(9), MGRSTARTDATE CHAR(9) );

 Specifying the unique, primary key attributes, secondary keys, and referential integrity
constraints (foreign keys).
Ex: CREATE TABLE DEPT (
DNAME VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
DNUMBER INTEGER NOT NULL,
MGRSSN CHAR(9),
MGRSTARTDATE CHAR(9),
PRIMARY KEY (DNUMBER),
UNIQUE (DNAME),
FOREIGN KEY (MGRSSN) REFERENCES EMP(SSN));
 We can specify RESTRICT, CASCADE, SET NULL or SET DEFAULT on referential
integrity constraints (foreign keys)
Ex: CREATE TABLE DEPT (
DNAME VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
DNUMBER INTEGER NOT NULL,
MGRSSN CHAR(9), MGRSTARTDATE CHAR(9),
PRIMARY KEY (DNUMBER),
UNIQUE (DNAME),
FOREIGN KEY (MGRSSN) REFERENCES EMP
ON DELETE SET DEFAULT ON UPDATE CASCADE);
DROP TABLE
 Used to remove a relation (base table) and its definition.
 The relation can no longer be used in queries, updates, or any other commands since its
description no longer exists
Example: DROP TABLE DEPENDENT;
ALTER TABLE:
 Used to add an attribute to/from one of the base relations drop constraint -- The new
attribute will have NULLs in all the tuples of the relation right after the command is
executed; hence, the NOT NULL constraint is not allowed for such an attribute.
Example: ALTER TABLE EMPLOYEE ADD JOB VARCHAR2 (12);
 The database users must still enter a value for the new attribute JOB for each
EMPLOYEE tuple. This can be done using the UPDATE command.
DROP A COLUMN (AN ATTRIBUTE)
 ALTER TABLE COMPANY.EMPLOYEE DROP ADDRESS CASCADE; All
constraints and views that reference the column are dropped automatically, along with the
column. ALTER TABLE COMPANY.EMPLOYEE DROP ADDRESS RESTRICT;
Successful if no views or constraints reference the column. ALTER TABLE
COMPANY.DEPARTMENT ALTER MGRSSN DROP DEFAULT;

 ALTER TABLE COMPANY.DEPARTMENT ALTER MGRSSN SET DEFAULT

“333445555”;
BASIC QUERIES IN SQL
 SQL has one basic statement for retrieving information from a database; the SLELECT
statement
 This is not the same as the SELECT operation of the relational algebra
 Important distinction between SQL and the formal relational model;
 SQL allows a table (relation) to have two or more tuples that are identical in all their
attribute values
 Hence, an SQL relation (table) is a multi-set (sometimes called a bag) of tuples; it is not a
set of tuples
 SQL relations can be constrained to be sets by using the CREATE UNIQUE INDEX
command, or by using the DISTINCT option
 Basic form of the SQL SELECT statement is called a mapping of a SELECT-FROM-
WHERE block
SELECT <attribute list> FROM <table list> WHERE <condition>
 <attribute list> is a list of attribute names whose values are to be retrieved by the query
 <table list > is a list of the relation names required to process the query
 <condition> is a conditional (Boolean) expression that identifies the tuples to be retrieved
by the query

LAB EXPERIMENTS
PART A: SQL PROGRAMMING
A. Consider the following schema for a Library Database:
BOOK (Book_id, Title, Publisher_Name, Pub_Year)

BOOK_AUTHORS (Book_id, Author_Name)
PUBLISHER (Name, Address, Phone)
BOOK_COPIES (Book_id, Branch_id, No-of_Copies)
BOOK_LENDING (Book_id, Branch_id, Card_No, Date_Out, Due_Date)
LIBRARY_BRANCH (Branch_id, Branch_Name, Address)

1. Retrieve details of all books in the library – id, title, name of publisher, authors,
number of copies in each branch, etc.
2. Get the particulars of borrowers who have borrowed more than 3 books, but from Jan
2017 to Jun 2017
4. Partition the BOOK table based on year of publication. Demonstrate its working with a
simple query.
5. Create a view of all books and its number of copies that are currently available in the
Library.
Solution:
Schema Diagram

Table Creation
CREATE TABLE PUBLISHER

(NAME VARCHAR2 (20) PRIMARY KEY,
PHONE INTEGER,
ADDRESS VARCHAR2 (20));
CREATE TABLE BOOK

(BOOK_ID INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
TITLE VARCHAR2 (20),
PUB_YEAR VARCHAR2 (20),
PUBLISHER_NAME REFERENCES PUBLISHER (NAME) ON DELETE CASCADE);
CREATE TABLE BOOK_AUTHORS
(AUTHOR_NAME VARCHAR2 (20),
BOOK_ID REFERENCES BOOK (BOOK_ID) ON DELETE CASCADE,
PRIMARY KEY (BOOK_ID, AUTHOR_NAME));
CREATE TABLE LIBRARY_BRANCH

(BRANCH_ID INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
BRANCH_NAME VARCHAR2 (50),
ADDRESS VARCHAR2 (50));
CREATE TABLE BOOK_COPIES

(NO_OF_COPIES INTEGER,
BRANCH_ID REFERENCES LIBRARY_BRANCH (BRANCH_ID) ON DELETE
CASCADE,
PRIMARY KEY (BOOK_ID, BRANCH_ID));
CREATE TABLE BOOK_LENDING

(DATE_OUT DATE,
DUE_DATE DATE,
BRANCH_ID REFERENCES LIBRARY_BRANCH (BRANCH_ID) ON DELETE
CASCADE,
CARD_NO int,
PRIMARY KEY (BOOK_ID, BRANCH_ID, CARD_NO));

Table Descriptions
DESC PUBLISHER;
DESC BOOK;
DESC BOOK_AUTHORS;
DESC LIBRARY_BRANCH;
DESC BOOK_COPIES;
DESC BOOK_LENDING;

Insertion of Values to Tables

INSERT INTO PUBLISHER VALUES (‘MCGRAW-HILL’, 9989076587, ‘BANGALORE’);
INSERT INTO PUBLISHER VALUES (‘PEARSON’, 9889076565, ‘NEWDELHI’);
INSERT INTO PUBLISHER VALUES (‘RANDOM HOUSE’, 7455679345, ‘HYDRABAD’);
INSERT INTO PUBLISHER VALUES (‘HACHETTE LIVRE’, 8970862340, ‘CHENAI’);
INSERT INTO PUBLISHER VALUES (‘GRUPO PLANETA’, 7756120238, ‘BANGALORE’);
INSERT INTO BOOK VALUES (1,’DBMS’,’JAN-2017’, ‘MCGRAW-HILL’);

INSERT INTO BOOK VALUES (2,’ADBMS’,’JUN-2016’, ‘MCGRAW-HILL’);
INSERT INTO BOOK VALUES (3,’CN’,’SEP-2016’, ‘PEARSON’); INSERT
INTO BOOK VALUES (4,’CG’,’SEP-2015’, ‘GRUPO PLANETA’); INSERT
INTO BOOK VALUES (5,’OS’,’MAY-2016’, ‘PEARSON’);
INSERT INTO BOOK_AUTHORS VALUES (’NAVATHE’, 1);

INSERT INTO BOOK_AUTHORS VALUES (’NAVATHE’, 2);
INSERT INTO BOOK_AUTHORS VALUES (’TANENBAUM’, 3);
INSERT INTO BOOK_AUTHORS VALUES (’EDWARD ANGEL’, 4);
INSERT INTO BOOK_AUTHORS VALUES (’GALVIN’, 5);
INSERT INTO LIBRARY_BRANCH VALUES (10,’RR NAGAR’,’BANGALORE’);

INSERT INTO LIBRARY_BRANCH VALUES (11,’AMCEC’,’BANGALORE’);
INSERT INTO LIBRARY_BRANCH VALUES (12,’RAJAJI NAGAR’, ’BANGALORE’);
INSERT INTO LIBRARY_BRANCH VALUES (13,’NITTE’,’MANGALORE’);
INSERT INTO LIBRARY_BRANCH VALUES (14,’MANIPAL’,’UDUPI’);
INSERT INTO BOOK_COPIES VALUES (10, 1, 10);

INSERT INTO BOOK_LENDING VALUES (’01-JAN-17’,’01-JUN-17’, 1, 10, 101);

INSERT INTO BOOK_LENDING VALUES (’11-JAN-17’,’11-MAR-17’, 3, 14, 101);
INSERT INTO BOOK_LENDING VALUES (’21-FEB-17’,’21-APR-17’, 2, 13, 101);
INSERT INTO BOOK_LENDING VALUES (’15-MAR-17’,’15-JUL-17’, 4, 11, 101);
INSERT INTO BOOK_LENDING VALUES (‘12-APR-17’,’12-MAY-17’, 1, 11, 104);
SELECT * FROM PUBLISHER;

SELECT * FROM BOOK;
SELECT * FROM BOOK_AUTHORS;
SELECT * FROM LIBRARY_BRANCH;
SELECT * FROM BOOK_COPIES;
SELECT * FROM CARD;
SELECT * FROM BOOK_LENDING;

Queries:
1. Retrieve details of all books in the library – id, title, name of publisher, authors,
number of copies in each branch, etc.
SELECT B.BOOK_ID, B.TITLE, B.PUBLISHER_NAME, A.AUTHOR_NAME,
C.NO_OF_COPIES, L.BRANCH_ID
FROM BOOK B, BOOK_AUTHORS A, BOOK_COPIES C, LIBRARY_BRANCH L
WHERE B.BOOK_ID=A.BOOK_ID
AND B.BOOK_ID=C.BOOK_ID
AND L.BRANCH_ID=C.BRANCH_ID;
2. Get the particulars of borrowers who have borrowed more than 3 books, but from
Jan 2017 to Jun 2017.
SELECT CARD_NO
FROM BOOK_LENDING
WHERE DATE_OUT BETWEEN ’01-JAN-2017’ AND ’01-JUL-2017’
GROUP BY CARD_NO
HAVING COUNT (*)>3;
DELETE FROM BOOK
WHERE BOOK_ID=3;

4. Partition the BOOK table based on year of publication. Demonstrate its working with a
simple query.
CREATE VIEW V_PUBLICATION AS
SELECT PUB_YEAR
FROM BOOK;
5. Create a view of all books and its number of copies that are currently available in the
Library.
CREATE VIEW V_BOOKS AS
SELECT B.BOOK_ID, B.TITLE, C.NO_OF_COPIES
FROM BOOK B, BOOK_COPIES C, LIBRARY_BRANCH L
WHERE B.BOOK_ID=C.BOOK_ID
AND C.BRANCH_ID=L.BRANCH_ID;

B. Consider the following schema for Order Database:
SALESMAN (Salesman_id, Name, City, Commission)

CUSTOMER (Customer_id, Cust_Name, City, Grade, Salesman_id)
ORDERS (Ord_No, Purchase_Amt, Ord_Date, Customer_id, Salesman_id)
2. Find the name and numbers of all salesmen who had more than one customer.
3. List all salesmen and indicate those who have and don’t have customers in their cities
(Use UNION operation.)
4. Create a view that finds the salesman who has the customer with the highest order of a
day.
5. Demonstrate the DELETE operation by removing salesman with id 1000. All his orders
must also be deleted.
Solution:
Schema Diagram
Salesman
Salesman_id Name City Commission
Customer
Customer_id Cust_Name City Grade Salesman_id
Order
s
Ord_No Purchase_Amt Ord_Date Customer_id Salesman_id
Table Creation
CREATE TABLE SALESMAN

(SALESMAN_ID NUMBER (4),
NAME VARCHAR2 (20),
CITY VARCHAR2 (20),
COMMISSION VARCHAR2 (20),
PRIMARY KEY (SALESMAN_ID));
CREATE TABLE CUSTOMER1
(CUSTOMER_ID NUMBER (4),
CUST_NAME VARCHAR2 (20),

CITY VARCHAR2 (20),

GRADE NUMBER (3),
PRIMARY KEY (CUSTOMER_ID),
SALESMAN_ID REFERENCES SALESMAN (SALESMAN_ID) ON DELETE SET NULL);
CREATE TABLE ORDERS

(ORD_NO NUMBER (5),
PURCHASE_AMT NUMBER (10, 2),
ORD_DATE DATE,
PRIMARY KEY (ORD_NO),
CUSTOMER_ID REFERENCES CUSTOMER1 (CUSTOMER_ID) ON DELETE CASCADE,
SALESMAN_ID REFERENCES SALESMAN (SALESMAN_ID) ON DELETE CASCADE);
Table Descriptions
DESC SALESMAN;
DESC CUSTOMER1;
DESC ORDERS;

INSERT INTO SALESMAN VALUES (1000, ‘JOHN’,’BANGALORE’,’25 %’);
INSERT INTO SALESMAN VALUES (2000, ‘RAVI’,’BANGALORE’,’20 %’);
INSERT INTO SALESMAN VALUES (3000, ‘KUMAR’,’MYSORE’,’15 %’);

INSERT INTO SALESMAN VALUES (4000, ‘SMITH’,’DELHI’,’30 %’);

INSERT INTO SALESMAN VALUES (5000, ‘HARSHA’,’HYDRABAD’,’15 %’);
INSERT INTO CUSTOMER1 VALUES (10, ‘PREETHI’,’BANGALORE’, 100, 1000);

INSERT INTO CUSTOMER1 VALUES (11, ‘VIVEK’,’MANGALORE’, 300, 1000);
INSERT INTO CUSTOMER1 VALUES (12, ‘BHASKAR’,’CHENNAI’, 400, 2000);
INSERT INTO CUSTOMER1 VALUES (13, ‘CHETHAN’,’BANGALORE’, 200, 2000);
INSERT INTO CUSTOMER1 VALUES (14, ‘MAMATHA’,’BANGALORE’, 400, 3000);
INSERT INTO ORDERS VALUES (50, 5000, ‘04-MAY-17’, 10, 1000);

INSERT INTO ORDERS VALUES (51, 450, ‘20-JAN-17’, 10, 2000);
INSERT INTO ORDERS VALUES (52, 1000, ‘24-FEB-17’, 13, 2000);
INSERT INTO ORDERS VALUES (53, 3500, ‘13-APR-17’, 14, 3000);
INSERT INTO ORDERS VALUES (54, 550, ‘09-MAR-17’, 12, 2000);
SELECT * FROM SALESMAN;
SELECT * FROM CUSTOMER1;
SELECT * FROM ORDERS;
Queries:
SELECT GRADE, COUNT (DISTINCT CUSTOMER_ID)
FROM CUSTOMER1
GROUP BY GRADE

HAVING GRADE > (SELECT AVG(GRADE)

FROM CUSTOMER1
WHERE CITY='BANGALORE');
2. Find the name and numbers of all salesmen who had more than one customer.
SELECT SALESMAN_ID, NAME
FROM SALESMAN A
WHERE 1 < (SELECT COUNT (*)
FROM CUSTOMER1
WHERE SALESMAN_ID=A.SALESMAN_ID);
3. List all salesmen and indicate those who have and don’t have customers in their
cities (Use UNION operation.)
SELECT SALESMAN.SALESMAN_ID, NAME, CUST_NAME, COMMISSION
FROM SALESMAN, CUSTOMER1
WHERE SALESMAN.CITY = CUSTOMER1.CITY
UNION
SELECT SALESMAN_ID, NAME, 'NO MATCH', COMMISSION
FROM SALESMAN
WHERE NOT CITY = ANY
(SELECT CITY
FROM CUSTOMER1)
ORDER BY 2 DESC;

4. Create a view that finds the salesman who has the customer with the highest order
of a day.
CREATE VIEW ELITSALESMAN AS

SELECT B.ORD_DATE, A.SALESMAN_ID, A.NAME
FROM SALESMAN A, ORDERS B
WHERE A.SALESMAN_ID = B.SALESMAN_ID
AND B.PURCHASE_AMT=(SELECT MAX (PURCHASE_AMT)
FROM ORDERS C
WHERE C.ORD_DATE = B.ORD_DATE);
5. Demonstrate the DELETE operation by removing salesman with id 1000. All his orders
must also be deleted.
Use ON DELETE CASCADE at the end of foreign key definitions while creating child table
orders and then execute the following:
Use ON DELETE SET NULL at the end of foreign key definitions while creating child table
customers and then executes the following:
DELETE FROM SALESMAN

WHERE SALESMAN_ID=1000;

C. Consider the schema for Movie Database:

ACTOR (Act_id, Act_Name, Act_Gender)
DIRECTOR (Dir_id, Dir_Name, Dir_Phone)
MOVIES (Mov_id, Mov_Title, Mov_Year, Mov_Lang, Dir_id)
MOVIE_CAST (Act_id, Mov_id, Role)
RATING (Mov_id, Rev_Stars)
3. List all actors who acted in a movie before 2000 and also in a movie after
2015 (use JOIN operation).
4. Find the title of movies and number of stars for each movie that has at least one
rating and find the highest number of stars that movie received. Sort the result by
movie title.
5. Update rating of all movies directed by ‘Steven Spielberg’ to 5.
Solution:
Schema Diagram
Actor
Act_id Act_Name Act_Gender
Director
Dir_id Dir_Name Dir_Phone
Movies
Mov_id Mov_Title Mov_Year Mov_Lang Dir_id
Movie_Cast
Act_idMov_idRole
Rating
Mov_idRev_Stars
Table Creation
CREATE TABLE ACTOR (
ACT_ID NUMBER (3),
ACT_NAME VARCHAR (20),
ACT_GENDER CHAR (1),
PRIMARY KEY (ACT_ID));

CREATE TABLE DIRECTOR (

DIR_ID NUMBER (3),
DIR_NAME VARCHAR (20),
DIR_PHONE NUMBER (10),
PRIMARY KEY (DIR_ID));
CREATE TABLE MOVIES (

MOV_ID NUMBER (4),
MOV_TITLE VARCHAR (25),
MOV_YEAR NUMBER (4),
MOV_LANG VARCHAR (12),
DIR_ID NUMBER (3),
PRIMARY KEY (MOV_ID),
FOREIGN KEY (DIR_ID) REFERENCES DIRECTOR (DIR_ID));
CREATE TABLE MOVIE_CAST (

ACT_ID NUMBER (3),
MOV_ID NUMBER (4),
ROLE VARCHAR (10),
PRIMARY KEY (ACT_ID, MOV_ID),
FOREIGN KEY (ACT_ID) REFERENCES ACTOR (ACT_ID),
FOREIGN KEY (MOV_ID) REFERENCES MOVIES (MOV_ID));
CREATE TABLE RATING (

MOV_ID NUMBER (4),
REV_STARS VARCHAR (25),
PRIMARY KEY (MOV_ID),
FOREIGN KEY (MOV_ID) REFERENCES MOVIES (MOV_ID));
Table Descriptions
DESC ACTOR;
DESC DIRECTOR;

DESC MOVIES;
DESC MOVIE_CAST;
DESC RATING;

INSERT INTO ACTOR VALUES (301,’ANUSHKA’,’F’);
INSERT INTO ACTOR VALUES (302,’PRABHAS’,’M’);
INSERT INTO ACTOR VALUES (303,’PUNITH’,’M’);
INSERT INTO ACTOR VALUES (304,’JERMY’,’M’);
INSERT INTO DIRECTOR VALUES (60,’RAJAMOULI’, 8751611001);

INSERT INTO DIRECTOR VALUES (61,’HITCHCOCK’, 7766138911);
INSERT INTO DIRECTOR VALUES (62,’FARAN’, 9986776531);
INSERT INTO DIRECTOR VALUES (63,’STEVEN SPIELBERG’, 8989776530);
INSERT INTO MOVIES VALUES (1001,’BAHUBALI-2’, 2017, ‘TELAGU’, 60);

INSERT INTO MOVIES VALUES (1002,’BAHUBALI-1’, 2015, ‘TELAGU’, 60);
INSERT INTO MOVIES VALUES (1003,’AKASH’, 2008, ‘KANNADA’, 61);
INSERT INTO MOVIES VALUES (1004,’WAR HORSE’, 2011, ‘ENGLISH’, 63);
INSERT INTO MOVIE_CAST VALUES (301, 1002, ‘HEROINE’);

INSERT INTO MOVIE_CAST VALUES (301, 1001, ‘HEROINE’);
INSERT INTO MOVIE_CAST VALUES (303, 1003, ‘HERO’);
INSERT INTO MOVIE_CAST VALUES (303, 1002, ‘GUEST’);
INSERT INTO MOVIE_CAST VALUES (304, 1004, ‘HERO’);
INSERT INTO RATING VALUES (1001, 4);


SELECT * FROM ACTOR;
SELECT * FROM DIRECTOR;
SELECT * FROM MOVIES;
SELECT * FROM MOVIE_CAST;
SELECT * FROM RATING;

Queries:
SELECT MOV_TITLE
FROM MOVIES
WHERE DIR_ID IN (SELECT DIR_ID
FROM DIRECTOR
WHERE DIR_NAME = ‘HITCHCOCK’);
SELECT MOV_TITLE
FROM MOVIES M, MOVIE_CAST MV
WHERE M.MOV_ID=MV.MOV_ID AND ACT_ID IN (SELECT ACT_ID
FROM MOVIE_CAST GROUP BY ACT_ID
HAVING COUNT (ACT_ID)>1)
GROUP BY MOV_TITLE
HAVING COUNT (*)>1;
3. List all actors who acted in a movie before 2000 and also in a movie after 2015 (use
JOIN operation).
SELECT ACT_NAME, MOV_TITLE, MOV_YEAR
FROM ACTOR A
JOIN MOVIE_CAST C
ON A.ACT_ID=C.ACT_ID
JOIN MOVIES M
ON C.MOV_ID=M.MOV_ID
WHERE M.MOV_YEAR NOT BETWEEN 2000 AND 2015;
OR
SELECT A.ACT_NAME, A.ACT_NAME, C.MOV_TITLE, C.MOV_YEAR
FROM ACTOR A, MOVIE_CAST B, MOVIES C
WHERE A.ACT_ID=B.ACT_ID
AND B.MOV_ID=C.MOV_ID
AND C.MOV_YEAR NOT BETWEEN 2000 AND 2015;

4. Find the title of movies and number of stars for each movie that has at least one
rating and find the highest number of stars that movie received. Sort the result by
movie title.
SELECT MOV_TITLE, MAX (REV_STARS)

FROM MOVIES
INNER JOIN RATING USING (MOV_ID)
GROUP BY MOV_TITLE
HAVING MAX (REV_STARS)>0
ORDER BY MOV_TITLE;
5. Update rating of all movies directed by ‘Steven Spielberg’ to 5

UPDATE RATING
SET REV_STARS=5
WHERE MOV_ID IN (SELECT MOV_ID FROM MOVIES
WHERE DIR_ID IN (SELECT DIR_ID
FROM DIRECTOR
WHERE DIR_NAME = ‘STEVEN
SPIELBERG’));

D. Consider the schema for College Database:
STUDENT (USN, SName, Address, Phone, Gender)

SEMSEC (SSID, Sem, Sec)
CLASS (USN, SSID)
SUBJECT (Subcode, Title, Sem, Credits)
IAMARKS (USN, Subcode, SSID, Test1, Test2, Test3, FinalIA)
2. Compute the total number of male and female students in each semester and in each
section.
4. Calculate the FinalIA (average of best two test marks) and update the
corresponding table for all students.
Solution:
Schema Diagram

Table Creation
CREATE TABLE STUDENT (

USN VARCHAR (10) PRIMARY KEY,
SNAME VARCHAR (25),
ADDRESS VARCHAR (25),
PHONE NUMBER (10),
GENDER CHAR (1));
CREATE TABLE SEMSEC (

SSID VARCHAR (5) PRIMARY KEY,
SEM NUMBER (2),
SEC CHAR (1));
CREATE TABLE CLASS (

USN VARCHAR (10),
SSID VARCHAR (5),
PRIMARY KEY (USN, SSID),
FOREIGN KEY (USN) REFERENCES STUDENT (USN),
FOREIGN KEY (SSID) REFERENCES SEMSEC (SSID));
CREATE TABLE SUBJECT (
SUBCODE VARCHAR (8),
TITLE VARCHAR (20),
SEM NUMBER (2),
CREDITS NUMBER (2),
PRIMARY KEY (SUBCODE));
CREATE TABLE IAMARKS (

USN VARCHAR (10),
SUBCODE VARCHAR (8),
SSID VARCHAR (5),
TEST1 NUMBER (2),
TEST2 NUMBER (2),
TEST3 NUMBER (2),
FINALIA NUMBER (2),
PRIMARY KEY (USN, SUBCODE, SSID),
FOREIGN KEY (USN) REFERENCES STUDENT (USN),
FOREIGN KEY (SUBCODE) REFERENCES SUBJECT (SUBCODE),
FOREIGN KEY (SSID) REFERENCES SEMSEC (SSID));

Table Descriptions
DESC STUDENT;
DESC SEMSEC;
DESC CLASS;
DESC SUBJECT;
DESC IAMARKS;
Insertion of values to tables
INSERT INTO STUDENT VALUES ('1RN13CS020','AKSHAY','BELAGAVI',

8877881122,'M');
INSERT INTO STUDENT VALUES ('1RN13CS062','SANDHYA','BENGALURU',
7722829912,'F');

INSERT INTO STUDENT VALUES ('1RN13CS091','TEESHA','BENGALURU',

7712312312,'F');
INSERT INTO STUDENT VALUES ('1RN13CS066','SUPRIYA','MANGALURU',
8877881122,'F');
INSERT INTO STUDENTVALUES ('1RN14CS010','ABHAY','BENGALURU',
9900211201,'M');
INSERT INTO STUDENT VALUES ('1RN14CS032','BHASKAR','BENGALURU',
9923211099,'M');
INSERT INTO STUDENTVALUES ('1RN14CS025','ASMI','BENGALURU', 7894737377,'F');
INSERT INTO STUDENT VALUES ('1RN15CS011','AJAY','TUMKUR', 9845091341,'M');
INSERT INTO STUDENT VALUES ('1RN15CS029','CHITRA','DAVANGERE',
7696772121,'F');
INSERT INTO STUDENT VALUES ('1RN15CS045','JEEVA','BELLARY', 9944850121,'M');
INSERT INTO STUDENT VALUES ('1RN15CS091','SANTOSH','MANGALURU',
8812332201,'M');
INSERT INTO STUDENT VALUES ('1RN16CS045','ISMAIL','KALBURGI',
9900232201,'M');
INSERT INTO STUDENT VALUES ('1RN16CS088','SAMEERA','SHIMOGA',
9905542212,'F');
INSERT INTO STUDENT VALUES ('1RN16CS122','VINAYAKA','CHIKAMAGALUR',
8800880011,'M');
INSERT INTO SEMSEC VALUES ('CSE8A', 8,'A');

INSERT INTO SEMSEC VALUES (‘CSE8B', 8,'B');
INSERT INTO SEMSEC VALUES (‘CSE8C’, 8,’C’);
INSERT INTO SEMSEC VALUES ('CSE7A', 7,’A’);

INSERT INTO SEMSEC VALUES (‘CSE7B’, 7,'B’);
INSERT INTO SEMSEC VALUES ('CSE7C', 7,'C');
INSERT INTO SEMSEC VALUES (‘CSE6A', 6,'A');

INSERT INTO SEMSEC VALUES (‘CSE6B’, 6,’B’);
INSERT INTO SEMSEC VALUES ('CSE6C’, 6,’C’);
INSERT INTO SEMSEC VALUES (‘CSE5A’, 5,'A’);

INSERT INTO SEMSEC VALUES ('CSE5B', 5,'B');
INSERT INTO SEMSEC VALUES (‘CSE5C', 5,'C');
INSERT INTO SEMSEC VALUES (‘CSE4A’, 4,’A’);

INSERT INTO SEMSEC VALUES ('CSE4B', 4,’B’);

INSERT INTO SEMSEC VALUES (‘CSE4C’, 4,'C’);
INSERT INTO SEMSEC VALUES ('CSE3A', 3,'A');

INSERT INTO SEMSEC VALUES (‘CSE3B', 3,'B');
INSERT INTO SEMSEC VALUES (‘CSE3C’, 3,’C’);
INSERT INTO SEMSEC VALUES ('CSE2A', 2,’A’);

INSERT INTO SEMSEC VALUES (‘CSE2B’, 2,'B’);
INSERT INTO SEMSEC VALUES ('CSE2C', 2,'C');
INSERT INTO SEMSEC VALUES (‘CSE1A', 1,'A');
INSERT INTO SEMSEC VALUES (‘CSE1B’, 1,’B’);
INSERT INTO SEMSEC VALUES ('CSE1C', 1,’C’);
INSERT INTO CLASS VALUES (‘1RN13CS020’,’CSE8A’);

INSERT INTO CLASS VALUES (‘1RN13CS066’,’CSE8B’);
INSERT INTO CLASS VALUES (‘1RN13CS091’,’CSE8C’);



INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('10CS81','ACA', 8, 4);

INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('10CS82','SSM', 8, 4);
INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('10CS83','NM', 8, 4);
INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('10CS84','CC', 8, 4);
INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('10CS85','PW', 8, 4);
INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('10CS71','OOAD', 7, 4);

INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('10CS72','ECS', 7, 4);
INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('10CS73','PTW', 7, 4);

INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('10CS74','DWDM', 7, 4);

INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES (‘10CS75','JAVA', 7, 4);
INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('10CS76','SAN', 7, 4);
INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('15CS51', 'ME', 5, 4);

INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('15CS52','CN', 5, 4);
INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('15CS53','DBMS', 5, 4);
INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('15CS54','ATC', 5, 4);
INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('15CS55','JAVA', 5, 3);
INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('15CS56','AI', 5, 3);
INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('15CS41','M4', 4, 4);
INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('15CS42','SE', 4, 4);
INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('15CS43','DAA', 4, 4);
INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('15CS44','MPMC', 4, 4);
INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('15CS45','OOC', 4, 3);
INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('15CS46','DC', 4, 3);
INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('15CS31','M3', 3, 4);

INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('15CS32','ADE', 3, 4);
INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('15CS33','DSA', 3, 4);
INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('15CS34','CO', 3, 4);
INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('15CS35','USP', 3, 3);
INSERT INTO SUBJECT VALUES ('15CS36','DMS', 3, 3);
INSERT INTO IAMARKS (USN, SUBCODE, SSID, TEST1, TEST2, TEST3) VALUES
('1RN13CS091','10CS81','CSE8C', 15, 16, 18);
('1RN13CS091','10CS82','CSE8C', 12, 19, 14);
('1RN13CS091','10CS83','CSE8C', 19, 15, 20);
('1RN13CS091','10CS84','CSE8C', 20, 16, 19);
('1RN13CS091','10CS85','CSE8C', 15, 15, 12);
SELECT * FROM STUDENT;

SELECT * FROM SEMSEC;
SELECT * FROM CLASS;

SELECT * FROM SUBJECT;

SELECT * FROM IAMARKS;
Queries:
SELECT S.*, SS.SEM, SS.SEC
FROM STUDENT S, SEMSEC SS, CLASS C
WHERE S.USN = C.USN AND
SS.SSID = C.SSID AND
SS.SEM = 4 AND
SS.SEc=’C’;
2. Compute the total number of male and female students in each semester and in each
section.
SELECT SS.SEM, SS.SEC, S.GENDER, COUNT (S.GENDER) AS COUNT

FROM STUDENT S, SEMSEC SS, CLASS C
WHERES.USN = C.USN AND
SS.SSID = C.SSID
GROUP BY SS.SEM, SS.SEC, S.GENDER
ORDER BY SEM;


CREATE VIEW STU_TEST1_MARKS_VIEW
AS
SELECT TEST1, SUBCODE
FROM IAMARKS
WHERE USN = '1RN13CS091';
4. Calculate the Final IA (average of best two test marks) and update the corresponding
table for all students.
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE AVGMARKS
IS
CURSOR C_IAMARKS IS
SELECT GREATEST(TEST1,TEST2) AS A, GREATEST(TEST1,TEST3) AS B,
GREATEST(TEST3,TEST2) AS C
FROM IAMARKS
WHERE FINALIA IS NULL
FOR UPDATE;
C_A NUMBER;
C_B NUMBER;
C_C NUMBER;
C_SM NUMBER;
C_AV NUMBER;
BEGIN
OPEN C_IAMARKS;
LOOP
FETCH C_IAMARKS INTO C_A, C_B, C_C;
EXIT WHEN C_IAMARKS%NOTFOUND;
--DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(C_A || ' ' || C_B || ' ' || C_C);
IF (C_A != C_B) THEN
C_SM:=C_A+C_B;
ELSE
C_SM:=C_A+C_C;

END IF;
C_AV:=C_SM/2;
--DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SUM = '||C_SM);
--DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('AVERAGE = '||C_AV);
UPDATE IAMARKS SET FINALIA=C_AV WHERE CURRENT OF C_IAMARKS;
END LOOP;
CLOSE C_IAMARKS;
END;
/
Note: Before execution of PL/SQL procedure, IAMARKS table contents are:
SELECT * FROM IAMARKS;
Below SQL code is to invoke the PL/SQL stored procedure from the command line:
BEGIN
AVGMARKS;
END;

SELECT S.USN,S.SNAME,S.ADDRESS,S.PHONE,S.GENDER,
(CASE

WHEN IA.FINALIA BETWEEN 17 AND 20 THEN 'OUTSTANDING'

WHEN IA.FINALIA BETWEEN 12 AND 16 THEN 'AVERAGE'
ELSE 'WEAK'
END) AS CAT
FROM STUDENT S, SEMSEC SS, IAMARKS IA, SUBJECT SUB
WHERE S.USN = IA.USN AND
SS.SSID = IA.SSID AND
SUB.SUBCODE = IA.SUBCODE AND
SUB.SEM = 8;

E. Consider the schema for Company Database:

EMPLOYEE (SSN, Name, Address, Sex, Salary, SuperSSN, DNo)
DEPARTMENT (DNo, DName, MgrSSN, MgrStartDate)
DLOCATION (DNo,DLoc)
PROJECT (PNo, PName, PLocation, DNo)
WORKS_ON (SSN, PNo, Hours)
1. Make a list of all project numbers for projects that involve an employee whose last name is
‘Scott’, either as a worker or as a manager of the department that controls the project.
percent raise.
3. Find the sum of the salaries of all employees of the ‘Accounts’ department, as well as the
maximum salary, the minimum salary, and the average salary in this department
4. Retrieve the name of each employee who works on all the projects controlled by department
number 5 (use NOT EXISTS operator). For each department that has more than five
employees, retrieve the department number and the number of its employees who are
making more than Rs. 6,00,000.
Schema Diagram
Employee
SSN Fname Lname Address Sex Salary SuperSSN DNO
Department
DNO Dname MgrSSN MgrStartDate
DLocation
DNODLOC
Project
PNO PName PLocation DNO
Works_on
SSN PNO Hours

Table Creation
CREATE TABLE DEPARTMENT

(DNO VARCHAR2 (20) PRIMARY KEY,
DNAME VARCHAR2 (20),
MGRSTARTDATE DATE);
CREATE TABLE EMPLOYEE

(SSN VARCHAR2 (20) PRIMARY KEY,
FNAME VARCHAR2 (20),
LNAME VARCHAR2 (20),
ADDRESS VARCHAR2 (20),
SEX CHAR (1),
SALARY INTEGER,
SUPERSSN REFERENCES EMPLOYEE (SSN),
DNO REFERENCES DEPARTMENT (DNO));
NOTE: Once DEPARTMENT and EMPLOYEE tables are created we must alter department
table to add foreign constraint MGRSSN using sql command
ALTER TABLE DEPARTMENT

ADD MGRSSN REFERENCES EMPLOYEE (SSN);
CREATE TABLE DLOCATION

(DLOC VARCHAR2 (20),
DNO REFERENCES DEPARTMENT (DNO),
PRIMARY KEY (DNO, DLOC));
CREATE TABLE PROJECT

(PNO INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
PNAME VARCHAR2 (20),
PLOCATION VARCHAR2 (20),
DNO REFERENCES DEPARTMENT (DNO));
CREATE TABLE WORKS_ON

(HOURS NUMBER (2),
SSN REFERENCES EMPLOYEE (SSN),
PNO REFERENCES PROJECT(PNO),
PRIMARY KEY (SSN, PNO));

Table Descriptions
DESC EMPLOYEE;
DESC DEPARTMENT;
DESC DLOCATION;
DESC PROJECT;
DESC WORKS_ON;

Insertion of values to tables

INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE (SSN, FNAME, LNAME, ADDRESS, SEX, SALARY) VALUES
(‘RNSECE01’,’JOHN’,’SCOTT’,’BANGALORE’,’M’, 450000);
(‘RNSCSE01’,’JAMES’,’SMITH’,’BANGALORE’,’M’, 500000);
(‘RNSCSE02’,’HEARN’,’BAKER’,’BANGALORE’,’M’, 700000);
(‘RNSCSE03’,’EDWARD’,’SCOTT’,’MYSORE’,’M’, 500000);
(‘RNSCSE04’,’PAVAN’,’HEGDE’,’MANGALORE’,’M’, 650000);
(‘RNSCSE05’,’GIRISH’,’MALYA’,’MYSORE’,’M’, 450000);
(‘RNSCSE06’,’NEHA’,’SN’,’BANGALORE’,’F’, 800000);
(‘RNSACC01’,’AHANA’,’K’,’MANGALORE’,’F’, 350000);
(‘RNSACC02’,’SANTHOSH’,’KUMAR’,’MANGALORE’,’M’, 300000);
(‘RNSISE01’,’VEENA’,’M’,’MYSORE’,’M’, 600000);
(‘RNSIT01’,’NAGESH’,’HR’,’BANGALORE’,’M’, 500000);
INSERT INTO DEPARTMENT VALUES (‘1’,’ACCOUNTS’,’01-JAN-01’,’RNSACC02’);

INSERT INTO DEPARTMENT VALUES (‘2’,’IT’,’01-AUG-16’,’AMCEC01’);
INSERT INTO DEPARTMENT VALUES (‘3’,’ECE’,’01-JUN-08’,’RNSECE01’);
INSERT INTO DEPARTMENT VALUES (‘4’,’ISE’,’01-AUG-15’,’RNSISE01’);
INSERT INTO DEPARTMENT VALUES (‘5’,’CSE’,’01-JUN-02’,’RNSCSE05’);
Note: update entries of employee table to fill missing fields SUPERSSN and DNO
UPDATE EMPLOYEE SET

SUPERSSN=NULL, DNO=’3’
WHERE SSN=’RNSECE01’;
UPDATE EMPLOYEE SET

SUPERSSN=’RNSCSE02’, DNO=’5’
WHERE SSN=’RNSCSE01’;
UPDATE EMPLOYEE SET

UPDATE EMPLOYEE SET

UPDATE EMPLOYEE SET

DNO=’5’, SUPERSSN=’RNSCSE05’
UPDATE EMPLOYEE SET

DNO=’5’, SUPERSSN=’RNSCSE06’
UPDATE EMPLOYEE SET

DNO=’5’, SUPERSSN=NULL
UPDATE EMPLOYEE SET

DNO=’1’, SUPERSSN=’RNSACC02’
WHERE SSN=’RNSACC01’;
UPDATE EMPLOYEE SET

WHERE SSN=’RNSACC02’;
UPDATE EMPLOYEE SET

WHERE SSN=’RNSISE01’;
UPDATE EMPLOYEE SET

WHERE SSN=’AMCEC01’;
INSERT INTO DLOCATION VALUES (’BANGALORE’, ‘1’);

INSERT INTO DLOCATION VALUES (’MANGALORE’, ‘4’);
INSERT INTO DLOCATION VALUES (’MANGALORE’, ‘5’);

INSERT INTO PROJECT VALUES (100,’IOT’,’BANGALORE’,’5’);

INSERT INTO PROJECT VALUES (101,’CLOUD’,’BANGALORE’,’5’);
INSERT INTO PROJECT VALUES (102,’BIGDATA’,’BANGALORE’,’5’);
INSERT INTO PROJECT VALUES (103,’SENSORS’,’BANGALORE’,’3’);
INSERT INTO PROJECT VALUES (104,’BANK MANAGEMENT’,’BANGALORE’,’1’);
INSERT INTO PROJECT VALUES (105,’SALARY MANAGEMENT’,’BANGALORE’,’1’);
INSERT INTO PROJECT VALUES (106,’OPENSTACK’,’BANGALORE’,’4’);
INSERT INTO PROJECT VALUES (107,’SMART CITY’,’BANGALORE’,’2’);
INSERT INTO WORKS_ON VALUES (4, ‘RNSCSE01’, 100);

INSERT INTO WORKS_ON VALUES (7, ‘RNSECE01’, 103);
INSERT INTO WORKS_ON VALUES (5, ‘RNSACC01’, 104);
INSERT INTO WORKS_ON VALUES (6, ‘RNSACC02’, 105);
INSERT INTO WORKS_ON VALUES (4, ‘RNSISE01’, 106);
INSERT INTO WORKS_ON VALUES (10, ‘AMCEC01’, 107);
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE;
SELECT * FROM DEPARTMENT;

SELECT * FROM DLOCATION;
SELECT * FROM PROJECT;
SELECT * FROM WORKS_ON;
Queries:

1. Make a list of all project numbers for projects that involve an employee whose last
name is ‘Scott’, either as a worker or as a manager of the department that controls the
project.
(SELECT DISTINCT P.PNO
FROM PROJECT P, DEPARTMENT D, EMPLOYEE E
WHERE E.DNO=D.DNO
AND D.MGRSSN=E.SSN
AND E.LNAME=’SCOTT’)
UNION
(SELECT DISTINCT P1.PNO
FROM PROJECT P1, WORKS_ON W, EMPLOYEE E1
WHERE P1.PNO=W.PNO
AND E1.SSN=W.SSN
AND E1.LNAME=’SCOTT’);
percent raise.
SELECT E.FNAME, E.LNAME, 1.1*E.SALARY AS INCR_SAL
FROM EMPLOYEE E, WORKS_ON W, PROJECT P
WHERE E.SSN=W.SSN
AND W.PNO=P.PNO
AND P.PNAME=’IOT’;
3. Find the sum of the salaries of all employees of the ‘Accounts’ department, as well as
the maximum salary, the minimum salary, and the average salary in this department
SELECT SUM (E.SALARY), MAX (E.SALARY), MIN (E.SALARY), AVG

(E.SALARY)
FROM EMPLOYEE E, DEPARTMENT D

WHERE E.DNO=D.DNO
AND D.DNAME=’ACCOUNTS’;
4. Retrieve the name of each employee who works on all the projects Controlled by
department number 5 (use NOT EXISTS operator).
SELECT E.FNAME, E.LNAME
FROM EMPLOYEE E
WHERE NOT EXISTS((SELECT PNO
FROM PROJECT
WHERE DNO=’5’)
MINUS (SELECT PNO
FROM WORKS_ON
WHERE E.SSN=SSN));
5. For each department that has more than five employees, retrieve the department
number and the number of its employees who are making more than Rs. 6, 00,000.
SELECT D.DNO, COUNT (*)

FROM DEPARTMENT D, EMPLOYEE E
WHERE D.DNO=E.DNO
AND E.SALARY>600000
AND D.DNO IN (SELECT E1.DNO
FROM EMPLOYEE E1
GROUP BY E1.DNO
HAVING COUNT (*)>5)
GROUP BY D.DNO;

Sample list of Mini Projects
 Bus Reservation System

 Hostel Management System
 Art Gallery Management System
 Human Resource Management
 Online Blood Bank
 Online Car Rental
 Online Pizza Ordering System
 Hospital Management System
 Multiplex Theatre Booking System
 Airline Reservation System
 Railway Reservation
 Student Voting System
 Hotel Management System
 Police & Criminal Record Management System
 Library Management System
 A&C Medicare
 Employee Payroll Management System
 Training & Placement Management System
 Online Voting System
 Banking Management System
 College Event Management
 Restaurant Billing System
 Hotel Database Management System
 Railway Management System
 Pharmacy Management System
 ATM Transaction Management System
 Pet Shop Management System
 Online Quiz System
 Inventory Control System
 IT Training Group Database Management System
 Wholesale Management System
 Salary Management System
 Etc..etc…

Most likely Viva Questions
1. What is SQL?
Structured Query Language
2. What is database?
A database is a logically coherent collection of data with some inherent meaning,
representing some aspect of real world and which is designed, built and populated with data
for a specific purpose.
3. What is DBMS?
It is a collection of programs that enables user to create and maintain a database. In other
words it is general-purpose software that provides the users with the processes of defining,
constructing and manipulating the database for various applications.
4. What is a Database system?
The database and DBMS software together is called as Database system.
5. Advantages of DBMS?
 Redundancy is controlled.
 Unauthorized access is restricted.
 Providing multiple user interfaces.
 Enforcing integrity constraints.
 Providing backup and recovery.
6. Disadvantage in File Processing System?
 Data redundancy & inconsistency.
 Difficult in accessing data.
 Data isolation.
 Data integrity.
 Concurrent access is not possible.
 Security Problems.
7. Describe the three levels of data abstraction?
There are three levels of abstraction:
 Physical level: The lowest level of abstraction describes how data are stored.

 Logical level: The next higher level of abstraction, describes what data are stored in
database and what relationship among those data.
 View level:The highest level of abstraction describes only part of entire database.
8. Define the "integrity rules"
There are two Integrity rules.
 Entity Integrity:States that “Primary key cannot have NULL value”
 Referential Integrity:States that “Foreign Key can be either a NULL value or
should be Primary Key value of other relation.
9. What is extension and intension?
Extension - It is the number of tuples present in a table at any instance. This is time
dependent.
Intension -It is a constant value that gives the name, structure of table and the constraints laid
on it.
10. What is Data Independence?
Data independence means that “the application is independent of the storage structure and
access strategy of data”. In other words, The ability to modify the schema definition in one level
should not affect the schema definition in the next higher level.
Two types of Data Independence:
 Physical Data Independence: Modification in physical level should not affect the
logical level.
 Logical Data Independence: Modification in logical level should affect the view
level.
NOTE: Logical Data Independence is more difficult to achieve
11. What is a view? How it is related to data independence?
A view may be thought of as a virtual table, that is, a table that does not really exist in its
own right but is instead derived from one or more underlying base table. In other words, there is
no stored file that direct represents the view instead a definition of view is stored in data
dictionary.
Growth and restructuring of base tables is not reflected in views. Thus the view can
insulate users from the effects of restructuring and growth in the database. Hence accounts for
logical data independence.

12. What is Data Model?

A collection of conceptual tools for describing data, data relationships data semantics and
constraints.
13. What is E-R model?
This data model is based on real world that consists of basic objects called entities and of
relationship among these objects. Entities are described in a database by a set of attributes.
14. What is Object Oriented model?
This model is based on collection of objects. An object contains values stored in instance
variables within the object. An object also contains bodies of code that operate on the object.
These bodies of code are called methods. Objects that contain same types of values and the same
methods are grouped together into classes.
15. What is an Entity?
It is an 'object' in the real world with an independent existence.
16. What is an Entity type?
It is a collection (set) of entities that have same attributes.
17. What is an Entity set?
It is a collection of all entities of particular entity type in the database.
18. What is an Extension of entity type?
The collections of entities of a particular entity type are grouped together into an entity
set.
19. What is an attribute?
It is a particular property, which describes the entity.
20. What is a Relation Schema and a Relation?
A relation Schema denoted by R(A1, A2, …, An) is made up of the relation name
R and the list of attributes Ai that it contains. A relation is defined as a set of tuples. Let r
be the relation which contains set tuples (t1, t2, t3, ...,tn). Each tuple is an ordered list of n-
values t=(v1,v2, ..., vn).
21. What is degree of a Relation?
It is the number of attribute of its relation schema.
22. What is Relationship?
It is an association among two or more entities.

23. What is Relationship set?

The collection (or set) of similar relationships.
24. What is Relationship type?
Relationship type defines a set of associations or a relationship set among a given set of
entity types.
25. What is degree of Relationship type?
It is the number of entity type participating.
26. What is DDL (Data Definition Language)?
A data base schema is specified by a set of definitions expressed by a special language
called DDL.
27. What is VDL (View Definition Language)?
It specifies user views and their mappings to the conceptual schema.
28. What is SDL (Storage Definition Language)?
This language is to specify the internal schema. This language may specify the mapping
between two schemas.
29. What is Data Storage - Definition Language?
The storage structures and access methods used by database system are specified by a
set of definition in a special type of DDL called data storage- definition language.
30. What is DML (Data Manipulation Language)?
This language that enable user to access or manipulate data as organized by appropriate
data model.
 Procedural DML or Low level: DML requires a user to specify what data are needed
and how to get those data.
 Non-Procedural DML or High level: DML requires a user to specify what data are
needed without specifying how to get those data.
31. What is DML Compiler?
It translates DML statements in a query language into low-level instruction that the
query evaluation engine can understand.
32. What is Relational Algebra?
It is a procedural query language. It consists of a set of operations that take one or
two relations as input and produce a new relation.

33. What is Relational Calculus?

It is an applied predicate calculus specifically tailored for relational databases proposed
by E.F. Codd. E.g. of languages based on it are DSL, ALPHA, QUEL.
34. What is normalization?
It is a process of analyzing the given relation schemas based on their Functional
Dependencies (FDs) and primary key to achieve the properties
 Minimizing redundancy
 Minimizing insertion, deletion and update anomalies.
35. What is Functional Dependency?
A Functional dependency is denoted by X Y between two sets of attributes X and Y
that are subsets of R specifies a constraint on the possible tuple that can form a relation state r of
R. What is Lossless join property?
It guarantees that the spurious tuple generation does not occur with respect to relation
schemas after decomposition.
36. What is 1 NF (Normal Form)?
The domain of attribute must include only atomic (simple, indivisible) values.
37. What is Fully Functional dependency?
It is based on concept of full functional dependency. A functional dependency X Y is
fully functional dependency if removal of any attribute A from X means that the dependency
does not hold any more.
38. What is 2NF?
A relation schema R is in 2NF if it is in 1NF and every non-prime attribute A in R is fully
functionally dependent on primary key.
39. What is 3NF?
A relation schema R is in 3NF if it is in 2NF and for every FD X A either of the
following is true
 X is a Super-key of R.
 A is a prime attribute of R.
In other words, if every non prime attribute is non-transitively dependent on primary key.
40. What is BCNF (Boyce-Codd Normal Form)?

A relation schema R is in BCNF if it is in 3NF and satisfies additional constraints that for
every FD X A, X must be a candidate key.
41. What is 4NF?
A relation schema R is said to be in 4NF if for every Multivalued dependency X Y
that holds over R, one of following is true
 X is subset or equal to (or) XY = R.
 X is a super key.
42. What is 5NF?
A Relation schema R is said to be 5NF if for every join dependency {R1, R2, ...,Rn} that
holds R, one the following is true
 Ri = R for some i.
 The join dependency is implied by the set of FD, over R in which the left side is key of R.
43. What is Domain-Key Normal Form?
A relation is said to be in DKNF if all constraints and dependencies that should hold on the
constraint can be enforced by simply enforcing the domain constraint and key constraint on the
relation.
44. What is a Partial key and Compound key?
Partial Key:
It is a set of attributes that can uniquely identify weak entities and that are related to
same owner entity. It is sometime called as Discriminator.
Compound Key:
If no single data element uniquely identifies occurrences within a construct, then
combining multiple elements to create a unique identifier for the construct is known as creating a
compound key.
45. What is system catalog or catalog relation? How is better known as?
A RDBMS maintains a description of all the data that it contains, information about
every relation and index that it contains. This information is stored in a collection of relations
maintained by the system called metadata. It is also called data dictionary.
46. What is join dependency and inclusion dependency?
Join Dependency:

A Join dependency is generalization of Multivalued dependency.A JD

{R1, R2, ...,Rn} is said to hold over a relation R if R1, R2, R3, ..., Rn is a lossless-join
decomposition of R . There is no set of sound and complete inference rules for JD.
Inclusion Dependency:
An Inclusion Dependency is a statement of the form that some columns of a
relation are contained in other columns. A foreign key constraint is an example of inclusion
dependency.
47. What is durability in DBMS?
Once the DBMS informs the user that a transaction has successfully completed, its effects
should persist even if the system crashes before all its changes are reflected on disk. This
property is called durability.
48. What do you mean by atomicity and aggregation?
Atomicity:
Either all actions are carried out or none are. Users should not have to worry about the
effect of incomplete transactions. DBMS ensures this by undoing the actions of incomplete
transactions.
Aggregation:
A concept which is used to model a relationship between a collection of entities and
relationships. It is used when we need to express a relationship among relationships.
49. What is a Phantom Deadlock?
In distributed deadlock detection, the delay in propagating local information might cause the
deadlock detection algorithms to identify deadlocks that do not really exist. Such situations
are called phantom deadlocks and they lead to unnecessary aborts.
50. What is a checkpoint and when does it occur?
A Checkpoint is like a snapshot of the DBMS state. By taking checkpoints, the DBMS
can reduce the amount of work to be done during restart in the event of subsequent crashes.
51. What are the different phases of transaction?

Different phases are
 Analysis phase
 Redo Phase

 Undo phase
52. What do you mean by flat file database?
It is a database in which there are no programs or user access languages. It has no cross-
file capabilities but is user-friendly and provides user-interface management.
53. What is "transparent DBMS"?
It is one, which keeps its Physical Structure hidden from user.
54. What is a query?
A query with respect to DBMS relates to user commands that are used to interact with a
data base. The query language can be classified into data definition language and data
manipulation language.
55. What do you mean by Correlated subquery?
Subqueries, or nested queries, are used to bring back a set of rows to be used by the
parent query. Depending on how the subquery is written, it can be executed once for the parent
query or it can be executed once for each row returned by the parent query. If the subquery is
executed for each row of the parent, this is called a correlated subquery.
56. What are the primitive operations common to all record management systems?
Addition, deletion and modification.
57. What are the unary operations in Relational Algebra?
PROJECTION and SELECTION.
58. Are the resulting relations of PRODUCT and JOIN operation the same?
No.
PRODUCT: Concatenation of every row in one relation with every row in another.
JOIN: Concatenation of rows from one relation and related rows from another.
59. Name the sub-systems of a RDBMS
I/O, Security, Language Processing, Process Control, Storage Management, Logging and
Recovery, Distribution Control, Transaction Control, Memory Management, Lock Management
60. Which part of the RDBMS takes care of the data dictionary? How?
Data dictionary is a set of tables and database objects that is stored in a special area of the
database and maintained exclusively by the kernel.

61. What is the job of the information stored in data-dictionary?The information in the data
dictionary validates the existence of the objects, provides access to them, and maps the actual
physical storage location.
62. How do you communicate with an RDBMS?
You communicate with an RDBMS using Structured Query Language (SQL)
63. Define SQL and state the differences between SQL and other conventional
programming Languages
SQL is a nonprocedural language that is designed specifically for data access operations
on normalized relational database structures. The primary difference between SQL and other
conventional programming languages is that SQL statements specify what data operations should
be performed rather than how to perform them.
64. Name the three major set of files on disk that compose a database in Oracle
There are three major sets of files on disk that compose a database. All the files are
binary. These are
 Database files
 Control files
 Redo logs
The most important of these are the database files where the actual data resides. The
control files and the redo logs support the functioning of the architecture itself.
All three sets of files must be present, open, and available to Oracle for any data on the
database to be useable. Without these files, you cannot access the database, and the database
administrator might have to recover some or all of the database using a backup, if there is one.
65. What is ROWID?
The ROWID is a unique database-wide physical address for every row on every table.
Once assigned (when the row is first inserted into the database), it never changes until the row is
deleted or the table is dropped.
The ROWID consists of the following three components, the combination of which
uniquely identifies the physical storage location of the row.
 Oracle database file number, which contains the block with the rows
 Oracle block address, which contains the row
 The row within the block (because each block can hold many rows)

The ROWID is used internally in indexes as a quick means of retrieving rows with a
particular key value. Application developers also use it in SQL statements as a quick way to
access a row once they know the ROWID
66. What is database Trigger?
A database trigger is a PL/SQL block that can defined to automatically execute for insert,
update, and delete statements against a table. The trigger can e defined to execute once for the
entire statement or once for every row that is inserted, updated, or deleted. For any one table,
there are twelve events for which you can define database triggers. A database trigger can call
database procedures that are also written in PL/SQL.
67. What are stored-procedures? And what are the advantages of using them.
Stored procedures are database objects that perform a user defined operation. A stored
procedure can have a set of compound SQL statements. A stored procedure executes the SQL
commands and returns the result to the client. Stored procedures are used to reduce network
traffic.
68. Spurious tuples may occur due to
i. Bad normalization
ii. Theta joins
iii. Updating tables from join
a) i& ii b) ii & iii
c) i& iii d) ii & iii
(a) i& iii because theta joins are joins made on keys that are not primary keys.
69. A dominant entity is the entity
a) on the N side in a 1 : N relationship
b) on the 1 side in a 1 : N relationship
c) on either side in a 1 : 1 relationship
d) nothing to do with 1 : 1 or 1 : N relationship
(b) on the 1 side in a 1 : N relationship
70. What is Storage Manager?
It is a program module that provides the interface between the low-level data stored in
database, application programs and queries submitted to the system.
71. What is Buffer Manager?

It is a program module, which is responsible for fetching data from disk storage into main
memory and deciding what data to be cache in memory.
72. What is Transaction Manager?
It is a program module, which ensures that database, remains in a consistent state despite
system failures and concurrent transaction execution proceeds without conflicting.
73. What is File Manager?
It is a program module, which manages the allocation of space on disk storage and data
structure used to represent information stored on a disk.
74. What is Authorization and Integrity manager?
It is the program module, which tests for the satisfaction of integrity constraint and
checks the authority of user to access data.
75. What are stand-alone procedures?
Procedures that are not part of a package are known as stand-alone because they
independently defined. A good example of a stand-alone procedure is one written in a
SQL*Forms application. These types of procedures are not available for reference from other
Oracle tools. Another limitation of stand-alone procedures is that they are compiled at run time,
which slows execution.
76. What are cursors give different types of cursors.
PL/SQL uses cursors for all database information accesses statements. The language
supports the use two types of cursors
 Implicit
 Explicit
77. What do you understand by dependency preservation?
Given a relation R and a set of FDs F, dependency preservation states that the
closure of the union of the projection of F on each decomposed relation Ri is equal to the
closure of F. i.e.,
((R1(F)) U … U (Rn(F)))+= F+
if decomposition is not dependency preserving, then some dependency is lost in the
decomposition.

Content Beyond Syllabus
Part A. For connecting java application with the mysql database, you need to follow 5 steps to
perform database connectivity.
In this example we are using MySql as the database. So we need to know following informations
for the mysql database:
1. Driver class: The driver class for the mysql database is com.mysql.jdbc.Driver.
2. Connection URL: The connection URL for the mysql database
is jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sonoo where jdbc is the API, mysql is the database,
localhost is the server name on which mysql is running, we may also use IP address, 3306
is the port number and sonoo is the database name. We may use any database, in such
case, you need to replace the sonoo with your database name.
3. Username: The default username for the mysql database is root.
4. Password: Password is given by the user at the time of installing the mysql database. In
this example, we are going to use root as the password.
Let's first create a table in the mysql database, but before creating table, we need to create
database first.
1. create database sonoo;
2. use sonoo;
3. create table emp(id int(10),name varchar(40),age int(3));
Example to Connect Java Application with mysql database
In this example, sonoo is the database name, root is the username and password.
import java.sql.*;
class MysqlCon{
public static void main(String args[]){
try{ Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Dri
ver");
Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection( "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sonoo","root","ro
ot"); //here sonoo is database name, root is username and password
Statement stmt=con.createStatement();
ResultSet rs=stmt.executeQuery("select * from emp");
while(rs.next())
System.out.println(rs.getInt(1)+" "+rs.getString(2)+" "+rs.getString(3));
con.close();
}catch(Exception e){ System.out.println(e);}

}}
To connect java application with the mysql database mysqlconnector.jar file is required to be
loaded.
Two ways to load the jar file:

1. paste the mysqlconnector.jar file in jre/lib/ext folder
2. set classpath
1) paste the mysqlconnector.jar file in JRE/lib/ext folder:
Download the mysqlconnector.jar file. Go to jre/lib/ext folder and paste the jar file here.
2) set classpath:
There are two ways to set the classpath:
o
temporary
o
permanent
How to set the temporary classpath
open command prompt and write:
1. C:>set classpath=c:\folder\mysql-connector-java-5.0.8-bin.jar;.;
How to set the permanent classpath
Go to environment variable then click on new tab. In variable name write classpath and in
variable value paste the path to the mysqlconnector.jar file by appending mysqlconnector.jar;.; as
C:\folder\mysql-connector-java-5.0.8-bin.jar;.;
Part B. PL/SQL If
Example of PL/SQL If Statement

1. DECLARE
2. a number(3) := 500;
3. BEGIN
4. -- check the boolean condition using if statement
5. IF( a < 20 ) THEN
6. -- if condition is true then print the following
7. dbms_output.put_line('a is less than 20 ' );
8. ELSE
9. dbms_output.put_line('a is not less than 20 ' );
10. END IF;
11. dbms_output.put_line('value of a is : ' || a);
12. END;

PL/SQL Loop
The PL/SQL loops are used to repeat the execution of one or more statements for specified
number of times. These are also known as iterative control statements.
There are 4 types of PL/SQL Loops.

1. Basic Loop / Exit Loop
2. While Loop
3. For Loop
4. Cursor For Loop
Example of PL/SQL EXIT Loop

1. DECLARE
2. i NUMBER := 1;
3. BEGIN
4. LOOP
5. EXIT WHEN i>10;
6. DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(i);
7. i := i+1;
8. END LOOP;
9. END;

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DBMS Lab with Mini Project Manual-21CSL55

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND

Dept. of CSE, AMCEC, Bangalore Page 1

Vision of the Institute

Mission of the Institute

Dept. of CSE, AMCEC, Bangalore Page 2

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

To provide exposure to the latest tools in the area of computer hardware

Dept. of CSE, AMCEC, Bangalore Page 3

PROGRAMME EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

PROGRAMME SPECIFIC OUTCOMES

Software Skills: Ability to build Software Engineering System for

Dept. of CSE, AMCEC, Bangalore Page 4

PROGRAM OUTCOMES (POS)

Dept. of CSE, AMCEC, Bangalore Page 5

Subject Code: 21CSL55

Foundation knowledge in database concepts, technology and practice to groom

2 Strong practice in SQL programming through a variety of database problems.

3 Develop database applications using front-end tools and back-end DBMS

Dept. of CSE, AMCEC, Bangalore Page 6

Course Code 21CSL55 CIE Marks 50

PART-B: Mini Project (Max. Exam Mks. 40)

Dept. of CSE, AMCEC, Bangalore Page 7

B. Consider the following schema for Order Database:

C. Consider the schema for Movie Database:

D. Consider the schema for College Database:

Dept. of CSE, AMCEC, Bangalore Page 8

E. Consider the schema for Company Database:

CO3 Demonstrate the working of different concepts of DBMS

CO5 Work with other people in a team, communicating ideas effectively in

Dept. of CSE, AMCEC, Bangalore Page 9

Avg. 2 2.5 3 2.3 3 3 1 1.5 2

Dept. of CSE, AMCEC, Bangalore Page 10

<Attribute An> <Data Type Dn> [< Constarints>], [<integrity-constraint1>, <integrity-constraint

Dept. of CSE, AMCEC, Bangalore Page 11

Dept. of CSE, AMCEC, Bangalore Page 12

 ALTER TABLE COMPANY.DEPARTMENT ALTER MGRSSN SET DEFAULT

Dept. of CSE, AMCEC, Bangalore Page 13

A. Consider the following schema for a Library Database:

BOOK (Book_id, Title, Publisher_Name, Pub_Year)

Write SQL queries to

Dept. of CSE, AMCEC, Bangalore Page 14

CREATE TABLE PUBLISHER

CREATE TABLE BOOK

CREATE TABLE LIBRARY_BRANCH

CREATE TABLE BOOK_COPIES

CREATE TABLE BOOK_LENDING

Dept. of CSE, AMCEC, Bangalore Page 15

Dept. of CSE, AMCEC, Bangalore Page 16

Insertion of Values to Tables

INSERT INTO BOOK VALUES (1,’DBMS’,’JAN-2017’, ‘MCGRAW-HILL’);

INSERT INTO BOOK_AUTHORS VALUES (’NAVATHE’, 1);

INSERT INTO LIBRARY_BRANCH VALUES (10,’RR NAGAR’,’BANGALORE’);

INSERT INTO BOOK_COPIES VALUES (10, 1, 10);

INSERT INTO BOOK_LENDING VALUES (’01-JAN-17’,’01-JUN-17’, 1, 10, 101);

Dept. of CSE, AMCEC, Bangalore Page 17

SELECT * FROM BOOK;

SELECT * FROM BOOK_AUTHORS;

SELECT * FROM LIBRARY_BRANCH;