To Be: Present Tense

To be
Be is the most common verb in the English language. It can be used as an auxiliary and a main verb. It is used a lot in its other
forms.
Base form = be
Present form = am/is/are
Past form = was/were
Past Participle = been
It has three conjugations in the present tense
Am/Is/Are:
Question Positive Statement Negative Statement

Singular
Am I? I am (I'm) I am not (I'm not)
Are you? You are (You're) You are not (You're not/You aren't)
Is he/she/it? He/she/it is (He's/She's/It's) He/she/it is not (He/she/it isn't// He/she/it's not)
Plural
Are we? We are (We're) We are not (We aren't/We're not)
Are you? You are (You're) You are not (You aren't/You're not)
Are they? They are (They're) They are not (They aren't/They're not)
Examples:
Am/Are Is
Question - ? "Am I disturbing you?" "Is this your coat"
Positive Answer - Yes "Yes you are." "Yes it is"
Negative Answer - No "No you're not." "No it isn't"
To do
The verb do is one of the most common verbs in English. It can be used as an auxiliary and a main verb. It is often used in
questions.
Base form = do
Present form = do/does
Past form = did
Past Participle = done
The verb do has two conjugations in the present tense.
Question Positive Statement (spoken) Negative Statement (spoken)

Singular
Do I? I do I do not (I don't)
Do you? You do You do not (You don't)
Does he/she/it? He/she/it does He/she/it does not (He/she/it doesn't)
Plural
Do we? We do We do not (We don't)
Do you? You do You do not (You don't)
Do they? They do They do not (They don't)
Examples:
Do Does
"Do you always take the bus to
Question - ? "Does she ever do her homework on time?"
work?"
Positive Answer - Yes "Yes I do." "Yes she does."
Negative Answer - No "No I don't." "No she doesn't."
To have
Have is one of the most common verbs in the English language.
Base form = have
Present form = have / has
Past form = had
Past Participle = had
It has two conjugations in the present tense.
Question Positive Statement (spoken) Negative Statement (spoken)

Singular
Have I? I have (I've) I have not (I haven't/I've not)
Have you? You have (You've) You have not (You haven't/You've not)
Has he/she/it? He/she/it has (He/she/it 's) He/she/it has not (He/she/it hasn't)
Plural
Have we? We have (We've) We have not (We haven't/We've not)
Have you? You have (You've) You have not (You haven't/You've not)
Have they? They have (They've) They have not (They haven't/They've not)
Have is often used to indicate possession (I have) or (I have got).
Examples:
Have Have got
Question - ? "Do you have a car?" or "Have you a car?" "Have you got a car?"
Positive Answer - Yes "Yes I have a car." "Yes I've got a car."
Negative Answer - No "No I don't have a car." "No I haven't got a car."
Have is also used to indicate necessity (I have to) or (I have got to).
Have to Have got to
Question - ? "Do you have to leave early?" "Have you got to leave early?"
Positive Answer - Yes "Yes I have to." or "Yes I do" "Yes I've got to."
Negative Answer - No "No I don't have to." "No I haven't got to."
Write the negative and the question:
1. I smoke cigarettes
2. He sings in a rock band
3. I eat dinner at 8 o’clock
4. It always rains in spring
5. She speaks Spanish and French
6. They often go to the theatre
7. Antonio plays tennis
8. Emanuela does the ironing every day
9. The train arrives at 8.30p.m.
10.We watch TV in the evening
Depending on what sort of information we want, we use one of the following question words:
Who wrote that book? (person)

What is your name? (thing)
Which book is yours? (thing) - see below
When did you arrive? (time)
Where do you live? (place)
Why are you doing that? (reason)
How can I find out? (manner)
What and which can often be used with the same meaning. When the person asking the question has a restricted number of
choices in mind, s/he will use which. When s/he is not thinking of a restricted number of choices, what is used:
Which main course (from the menu) are you going to have?
Which department (of this company) do you work in?
What name is on the envelope?
What number shall I call?
Whom is a more formal way of saying who, and is not common when speaking. If we choose to put our question word after a
preposition, then we must use whom:
With whom did you go?
However, this is very unusual, and we would normally avoid this by putting the preposition at the end of the phrase:
Who did you go with?
Apart from these single words, we combine two or more words to find out other kinds of information:
How old are you?

What time is it?
How many children have you got?
How long did it take?
Examples:
 Why are you so late?

 Where is my passport?
 How are you?
 How much is that coat?
 When does the train arrive?
Notice that how can be used in four different ways:

1. meaning 'in what way?':
How did you make this sauce?
How do you start the car?
2. with adjectives:
How tall are you?
How old is your house?
3. with much and many:

How much are these tomatoes?
How many people are coming to the party?
4. with other adverbs:

How quickly can you read this?
How often do you go to London?
Complete the sentences with the correct question word.

1. __________ do you live? In London.
2. __________ does Dick play billiards? Twice a week.
3. __________ is your house from school? About 2 kilometres.
4. __________ is Anne crying? Because her cat died today.
5. __________ do you travel to school? By bus.
6. __________ do they do their homework? On Sunday evenings.
7. __________ is your favourite actress? Michelle Pfeiffer!
8. __________ does Adelmo go to bed? Usually at 11.00pm.
9. __________ is the capital of Norway? Oslo, I think!
Use the answers given here to reconstruct the interview with Mr. X.
I like pizza.
No, but I have a girlfriend. 34
878-32443 Usually at 7a.m., but at 10a.m on Sundays
Yes, a black cat called Cyril
Every Friday. I love the cinema.
Usually the news or wildlife documentaries
'The Times' or 'The Herald'
She is an actress in a local theatre I am a window cleaner
Sagittarius A black Rolls Royce

To Be: Present Tense

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To Be: Present Tense

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To be

Present form = am/is/are

Past form = was/were

Past Participle = been

It has three conjugations in the present tense

Question Positive Statement Negative Statement

Present form = do/does

Past form = did

Past Participle = done

The verb do has two conjugations in the present tense.

Question Positive Statement (spoken) Negative Statement (spoken)

Have is one of the most common verbs in the English language.

Base form = have

Present form = have / has

Past form = had

Past Participle = had

It has two conjugations in the present tense.

Question Positive Statement (spoken) Negative Statement (spoken)

Have is often used to indicate possession (I have) or (I have got).

Who wrote that book? (person)

With whom did you go?

Who did you go with?

How old are you?

 Why are you so late?

Notice that how can be used in four different ways:

3. with much and many:

4. with other adverbs:

Complete the sentences with the correct question word.

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