Fts042 Hi-Fog 2000 Hotel Rooms (CNPP)

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Fire Test Summary #42/OH1/JUN06
HI-FOG 2000 systems for protection of hotel rooms

(Ordinary Hazard 1 / Europe)
21 July 2010
Product SPU
Test standard
No standard available (application specific).
Summary
The performance of a type-approved automatic HI-FOG 2000 sprinkler system was evaluated
for protection of hotel rooms with extended room parameters. Different fire scenarios were
designed by CNPP of France to simulate various hotel room arrangements categorized as
OH1 (European classification, EN12845, CEA 4001).
Altogether five HI-FOG sprinkler configurations were tested in three different hotel room fire
2
2
2
scenarios in 20 m , 27 m and 40 m rooms. The HI-FOG system was operated by an
electrical pump unit. The evaluation of the system performance was based on a free burn test
2
and a reference test with a traditional sprinkler dimensioned for a flux density of 5 lpm/m .
Three of the five test fires were extinguished and the other two were suppressed so that the
damage was contained close to the origin of ignition. In each test the spread of fire, fire
damage and temperatures were limited to acceptable levels.
Conclusions
The HI-FOG 2000 fire protection system powered by the Sprinkler Pump Unit (SPU) and
summarized below was shown to be able to suppress or extinguish conceivable fires in
hotel rooms.
Sleeping area
Type
Sprinkler
K-factor (lpm/bar )
Location
Projection
Installation
Ceiling height
(m)
Coverage per
2
sprinkler (m )
C20-57C/0
S10-57C
C12-57C
4.1
3.5
1.9
Ceiling
Sidewall
Ceiling
Pendent
Horizontal
Pendent
In the tests
Nominal
(1
In the tests
Nominal
(1
(1
Entrance
3
3.5
2.5
2.5
20
27.1
4.7
22.56
25
16
As per VdS type approval
Marioff Corporation Oy reserves the right to revise and improve its products and recommended system configurations as it deems necessary without notification. The information contained herein
is intended to describe the status of HI-FOG products and system configuration at the time of its publication and may not reflect the product and/or system configurations at all times in the future.
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1. Introduction
The objective of the fire testing was to demonstrate the fire suppression performance of the type-approved HIFOG SPU system in hotel rooms with extended parameters. All tests were done according to a technical
assessment procedure FDG.05-063v2 (dated 10.1.2006): Fire trial procedure for assessing water fog systems
used to protect hotel rooms, formulated by CNPP.
The fuel packages in the tests simulated hotel rooms with different room layouts and ignition locations. One free
2
burn test was conducted in the 20 m room to verify the scenario and the fuel package. One test with traditional
2
sprinkler was done in the 20 m room to have a reference for the HI-FOG sprinkler system. Altogether five tests
2
2
2
were conducted with the HI-FOG system in 20 m , 27 m and 40 m rooms.
2. Test arrangement
Test enclosure
Three different hotel room arrangements were constructed inside a test chamber of 10 m 4 m 3 m (high).
2
Case 1: room size 20 m (4 m 5 m, Figure 1), opening 1 m x 2 m

2
Case 2: room size 40 m (4 m 10 m, Figure 2), opening 2 m x 2 m

2
Case 3: room size 27 m (5.56 m 4 m and an entrance of 2 m 2.35 m, Figure 3), opening 1 m 2 m
Figure 1. 20 m room and photo taken from the door. Total fire load: 11 206 MJ.
Figure 2. 40 m room and photo taken from the door. Total fire load: 18 504 MJ.
Figure 3. 27 m room (22.6 m room + 4.7 m entrance) and photo taken from the door. Total fire load: 10 869 MJ.
The photo on the right shows the wardrobe in the entrance ignited in two tests.
Page 3 of 5
Fuel package
The hotel room fuel packages shown in Figures 13 consisted of
an ignition source,
combustible floor made of floor panels and polyester carpets,
combustible furniture e.g. bed, night tables, TV unit, coffee table, wardrobes etc,
combustible accessories e.g. polyurethane mattresses, cotton duvets, cotton pillows, padded chairs etc and,
combustible walls.
Test procedure
In each test the fire was ignited by a propane gas burner. Depending on the fire scenario the gas burner was placed
under the night table or bed or inside a wardrobe. After ignition the burner continued to operate for 5 minutes. In all
suppression tests the sprinklers activated as per their temperature rating and sensitivity. The tests were continued
for 30 min after ignition, after which any remaining fires were manually extinguished.
2
Free burn test 20 m hotel room

To evaluate the fuel package itself and to set a baseline for the suppression tests, one free-burn test was conducted until
the fire had consumed most of the fuel. Figure 4 shows gas temperatures measured at different locations in the hotel
room and in the hallway at the ceiling level together with photos during the test.
1200
Temperatures (C)
1000
800
600
400
200
0
0
10
15
20
25
30
Time (min)
Figure 4. Gas temperatures at the ceiling level. From 4 min (upper photo) onward the temperatures increased fast
and the fire developed violently. The flashover situation (lower photo) was reached some 10 min after ignition and
the test was interrupted at about 15 min by manual intervention.
2
Reference test 20 m hotel room

2
500
10
400
300
200
100
Pressure (bar)
Temperature (C)
One reference test was conducted in the 20 m room with a ceiling mounted traditional sprinkler operating at a flux
density of 5.1 mm/min. Figure 5 presents the ceiling gas temperature curves and damage to the fuel package.
0
0
10
15
20
25
30
Time (min)
Figure 5. Left: Gas temperatures at ceiling level and nozzle pressure. The one sprinkler operated at 1 min 32 s after
ignition Right: Post-test condition: the fire had been extinguished.
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3. The HI-FOG suppression system

Both ceiling and wall mounted HI-FOG sprinklers were tested in the following four configurations (see Figure 6):
2
In Case 1 (20 m room) a single ceiling sprinkler of type C20-57C/0 was applied.
2
In Case 2 (40 m room) two ceiling sprinklers of type C20-57C/0 were applied.
2
In Case 3 (27 m room including an entrance) three tests were done:
o ignition under the bed with a single sidewall sprinkler of type S10-57C applied in the room
o ignition inside the wardrobe with a sidewall sprinkler of type S10-57C applied in the room and a ceiling
sprinkler C12-57C applied in the entrance
o ignition inside the wardrobe with a single sidewall sprinkler of type S10-57C applied in the room
Figure 6. HI-FOG sprinkler locations: From left to right: Case 1, Case 2 and Case 3.
4. Results
Relevant results of the five HI-FOG suppression tests are given in Figures 7 11. The figure at left shows measured
gas temperatures at the ceiling level and the photo at right the post-test conditions. In Figures 10 and 11 the ignited
wardrobe is shown from behind to show the fire spread.
300
90
200
60
100
30
Pressure (bar)
Temperature (C)
In summary, in all tests the fire was clearly suppressed or extinguished and the fire was contained even in the Case
3 when the fire was ignited in the entrance with no dedicated entrance sprinkler (Figure 11).
0
0
10
15
20
25
30
Time (min)
Figure 7. Case 1. The one sprinkler operated at 1 min 1 s after ignition.

The fire had been extinguished during the test with less fire damage than in the reference test.
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90
200
60
100
30
Pressure (bar)
300
Figure 8.
Case 2. The two
sprinklers operated at
about 1 min 19 s after
ignition. The fire had
been extinguished
during the test with less
damage than in the
reference test.
Pressure (bar)
Temperature (C)
Figure 9.
Case 3, ignition under
bed. The one sprinkles
operated at about 1 min
30 s after ignition. The
fire had been
extinguished during the
test with considerably
less damage than in the
reference test.
0
0
10
15
20
25
30
Temperature (C)
Time (min)
300
90
200
60
100
30
0
0
10
15
20
25
30
600
120
500
100
400
80
300
60
200
40
100
20
Pressure (bar)
Temperature (C)
Time (min)
0
0
10
15
20
25
30
Figure 10.
Case 3, ignition in
wardrobe. The ceiling
sprinkler in the entrance
operated at 26 s and the
sidewall sprinkler at 2
min 20 s after ignition.
The fire was suppressed
and the fire spread was
prevented.
600
120
500
100
400
80
300
60
200
40
100
20
0
0
10
15
20
Time (min)
25
30
Pressure (bar)
Temperature (C)
Time (min)
Figure 11.
Case 3, ignition in
wardrobe. The sidewall
sprinkler operated at 1
min 11 s after ignition.
Even with no direct
impingement on the fire,
the spread was
prevented almost as well
as with the dedicated
entrance sprinkler.
A complete description of the tests and their results are given in the
Test Report No. PE 06 7073-2, CNPP, July 2006
Marioff Corporation Oy Virnatie 3 / P.O.Box 86, FI-01301 Vantaa, Finland
Tel. +358 (0)9 870 851 Fax +358 (0)9 8708 5399 www.marioff.com

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Page 1 of 5

Fire Test Summary #42/OH1/JUN06

HI-FOG 2000 systems for protection of hotel rooms

No standard available (application specific).

As per VdS type approval

Fire Test Summary #42/OH1/JUN06

Case 1: room size 20 m (4 m 5 m, Figure 1), opening 1 m x 2 m

Case 2: room size 40 m (4 m 10 m, Figure 2), opening 2 m x 2 m

Fire Test Summary #42/OH1/JUN06

Free burn test 20 m hotel room

Reference test 20 m hotel room

Fire Test Summary #42/OH1/JUN06

3. The HI-FOG suppression system

Figure 7. Case 1. The one sprinkler operated at 1 min 1 s after ignition.

Fire Test Summary #42/OH1/JUN06

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