Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.

Session Objectives
At the end of the module, the participants should be
able to:

▲ Define and differentiate STI, HIV, and AIDS

▲ Understand how HIV is transmitted from one
person to another
▲ Correct misconceptions about HIV transmission
▲ Understand how HIV affects the body
▲ Learn how HIV and AIDS can be prevented
as well as treated and managed

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
Local Epidemiology
Local Epidemiology
Report on Special
Populations
✤ Youth ( 15-24 years old)

✤ In June 2016, 226 ( 27%) cases were among the youth.

✤ Most (94%) were MALE.

✤ 96% ( 216/226) were infected through sexual contact (

17 male-female sex, 129 male-male sex, 70 sex with
both males and females, 4%(9) needle sharing among
IDU, and < 1% (1) through mother-to-child-
transmission
Children ( < 10 years old)

✤ In June 2016- 3 children were infected through

mother-to-child transmission
✤ From Jan 1984-June 2016 - 90 (7%) were
children , 87 were infected through mother-
to-child transmission, 1 through blood
transfusion and 2 no specified mode of
transmission
Youth ( 15-24 years old)

✤ From Jan 1984- June 2016 , 27% of the reported cases were
youth.

✤ 87% ( 8,180) were reported in the last 5 years - 2011-

2016

✤ From 1984-2002, more than half were FEMALES ( 71%)

✤ In 2003, there was an equal number of males and females

reported

✤ 2004 onwards- MALE predominance, mainly male-male

sex
Adolescents (10-19 years
old)
✤ In June 2016, 36 were reported. All through
sexual contact
✤ 3 male-female sex, 23 male-male sex, 10 sex with
both males and females
✤ From Jan 1984-June 2016- 84% were reported
from 2011-2016,
 Source of graphic: the-sticlinic.com

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
Pain passing urine Severe itchiness Ulcerations

Pain when having Yellowish/abnormal

discharge Abdominal pain
sex
Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
BACTERIAL PROTOZOAL FUNGAL PARASITIC VIRAL

Gonorrhea Trichomoniasis Candiasis Pubic Lice Genital Warts

or Vaginitis

Chlamydia Genital Herpes

Scabies
Syphilis Hepatitis B

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
♠ Caused by neisseria gonorrhea

♠ Usual incubation period is 3-7 days

♠ Spread through sexual contact

♠ May affect genitals, throat or anus

Signs & Symptoms

♠ Yellowish/ Greenish discharge (tulo)

♠ Pelvic inflammation in women

♠ Scrotal swelling in men

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
♠ Caused by chlamydia trachomatis

♠ May infect the cervix, urethra,

rectum, throat or eyes

♠ Also known as the silent STI

Signs & Symptoms

♠ Painful urination

♠ Muco-purulent Discharge

♠ Scrotal swelling in men

♠ Pelvic inflammation

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
♠ Caused by treponema pallidum

♠ Chronic systemic disease (9-90 days)

♠ The organism moves through skin or

mucus membrane and into the
bloodstream

♠ Can be transmitted through mother to Source: Robert Taylor MD at

child, blood transfusion, sexual www.healthac.org

contact
Sign
♠ Painless single lesion

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
♠ Caused by Trichomonas Vaginalis

♠ Spread through casual contact like

sharing of moist towels or wet clothes
& toilet seats

Signs & Symptoms

♠ Yellowish, Greenish or Grayish
discharge bubbly & smelly
discharge

♠ Painful intercourse or urination

♠ Irritation & itching

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
♠ Caused by Candida Albicans

♠ Commonly caused by wearing tight

underwear, severe obesity, hot
weather, use of steroid, antibiotics or
birth control pills, diabetes &
pregnancy

Signs & Symptoms

♠ Itching & burning sensation

♠ Heavy, curdy, white discharge

♠ Pain when having sex.

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
♠ Caused by Phthirus pubis

♠ May affect the roots of underarm

and leg hair, chest hair, hair in the
abdomen and back, facial hair, such
as beards and moustaches
eyelashes and eyebrows (very
occasionally)
Signs & Symptoms
♠ Severe Itchiness in the affected
pubic area

♠ reddish spots to bluish gray skin

♠ sores due to scratching

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
♠ Caused by Sarcoptes scabiei

♠ direct skin-to-skin contact, sexual

contact with towels underclothing or
bedding of an infected person.

♠ incubation period – 4 to 6 weeks

Signs & Symptoms
♠ Intense itching usually at night in
the genitals or bottom, knees
Waistline, hands, wrists, and web of
fingers.

♠ silvery lines in the surface of the

skin
Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
♠ Caused by
human papilloma
virus (HPV)

♠ Transmitted
directly from skin
to skin during
sexual contact
Signs
♠ Lesions
♠ Warty growths

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
♠ Caused by Herpes
Simplex Virus 2 (HSV2)

♠ Incubation period is 2-
12 days

Signs & Symptoms

♠ Multiple, painful
shallow ulcers

♠ Painful urination

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
♠ Caused by Hepatitis B Virus

♠ Affects the Liver

♠ Transmitted through sex, receving

contaminated blood or blood
products & from an infected mother
to her child

Signs & Symptoms

♠ No specific signs and symptoms on
the early stage but in the later phase
patients will show jaundice or
abdominal enlargement

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
♠ Caused by Human
Immunodeficiency Virus

♠ Window period is 3
months (90 days)

Signs & Symptoms

♠ No specific signs and
symptoms but initial infection
shows flu-like symptoms

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
R

Ano ang HIV?

H.I.V.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Isang uri ng mikrobyo na pag nakapasok sa

katawan ng isang tao may kakayahang,
atakehin at sirain ang natural na depensa
nito.
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R

Sa usapin ng HIV dapat

tandaan ang mga numerong

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R

Ano ang kaugnayan ng HIV sa

mga sumusunod?:
 Sexually Transmissible Infections

 Tuberculosis

 Pregnancy

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
R

Ano ang
kaugnayan ng STI sa HIV?

◊ Parehas ng paraan ng pagkakahawa

◊ Parehas ng paraan ng pag-iwas

◊ Pinatataas ng STI ang tsansang

mahawa sa HIV

◊ Ito ang ating entry point sa

pagbibigay impormasyon
Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
R

Ano ang kaugnayan ng TB sa HIV?

◊ Ang TB ay senyales ng isang mahinang
natural na depensa

◊ Ang mahinang resistensya ng isang tao

ay naglalagay sa kanya sa posibilidad
na magkaroon ng Opportunistic Infection

◊ Ang TB sa Pilipinas ay
pinakamadalas na OI sa isang taong
may HIV
Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
R

Ano ang kaugnayan ng Pagbubuntis

sa HIV?
◊ Ang pagbubuntis ay isang
patunay na nakipagtalik ang babae
nang walang proteksyon

◊ Ang pagbubuntis ay maaaring

makapagpasa ng HIV mula sa ina
patungo sa kanyang anak

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
R

Ano ang dalawang yugto ng

HIV?

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
R

HIV
INFECTION
Ito ay ang matagumpay na
pagpasok ng mikrobyo ng HIV sa
katawan ng tao
Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
R

AIDS
CONDITION
Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome
Ito ang kondisyon na produkto ng pagkasira ng
natural na depensa dulot ng HIV
Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
R

Ano ang tatlong pamamaraan

ng pagkahawa ng HIV?

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
R

Paano Naihahawa ang HIV?

 Pakikipagtalik nang walang
proteksyon

 Pagtanggap ng kontaminadong
dugo

 Mula sa inang positibo ng

HIV patungo sa kanyang anak

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
  Casual contacts
 sharing food and utensils
 shaking hands
 hugging or kissing
 coughing, sneezing
 using public phone
 visiting a hospital)

 Feces, urine, saliva, sweat, tears

 Insect bites  Sharing toilets
 Swimming with  Donating blood
PLHIVs Sources of illustrations: DOH,
Remedios AIDS Foundation, UNICEF;
UNODC
Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
R

 Apat na Likido

 Prinsipyo ng Pagkakahawa

 Kundisyon para mabuhay ang HIV

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
R

Ano-anong mga likido sa katawan

ang mataas ang konsentrasyon ng
HIV?
Dugo
Tamod
Hima
Gatas ng Ina
Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
R

Ano-ano ang 4 na prinsipyo

sa matagumpay na pagkakahawa
ng HIV?
Exit of the virus from a PLHIV
Survival of the virus in the fluid
Sufficiency of the virus
Entry to the bloodstream of a new host
Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
R

Ano-anong mga kondisyon ang

magpapanatili sa buhay ng
mikrobyo ng HIV?
No sudden change inTemperature
Enviroment should have normal Acidity

Environment should be Moist

No exposure to Air
Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
 How can I
protect myself
from HIV?

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
R

Paano maiiwasan ang HIV?

Abstinence (Ayoko muna)
Be Mutually Faithful (Basta Ikaw at ako lang)
Consistent & Correct Condom Use
(Condom gamitin ng palagian at tama)

Do not use drugs & alcohol

(Droga at alkohol ay iwasan)

Education & early detection of HIV

(Edukasyon at maagang pag-alam)
Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
 Have you or any of
your partners
engaged in
unprotected sex (any
form of sex includes
oral, vaginal or anal)
with a person with
multiple sex
Have you or any of partners?
your partners
injected drugs with
shared needles
and/or syringes? Source: PNAC

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
 Have you or any of
your partners
injected drugs with
shared needles
and/or syringes?

Source: PNAC

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
 Did you or your Did
you or any of your
partner(s) undergo
any blood
transfusion or
organ transplant
from an unreliable
source?
partner(s) contract
sexually
transmitted
infection in the last
five (5) years? Source: PNAC

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
 How will i
know if i
am HIV
positive?

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
 A person’s HIV
status can only
be determined
through HIV
antibody testing

Source: Microsoft, Clipart

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
♦ Voluntary counseling & testing
(VCT) – individuals willing to
undergo testing of their own free
will
♦ Provider-initiated counseling &
testing (PICT) – a situation where
doctors encourage patients to
undergo testing
Source of illustration: DOH, Remedios AIDS
Foundation, UNICEF

Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.
Philippine National AIDS Council & Take The Test Campaign, Inc.