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    Cybill Lacaden
    This document provides information about HIV transmission and testing. It begins by asking questions to test the reader's knowledge about HIV. It then defines HIV as a virus that attacks the immune system. The document outlines that HIV is most commonly spread through sexual intercourse and needle sharing. It also notes that while treatment cannot cure HIV, antiretroviral therapy can control it. It emphasizes that testing is the only way to know one's HIV status, and encourages getting tested.

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    This document provides information about HIV transmission and testing. It begins by asking questions to test the reader's knowledge about HIV. It then defines HIV as a virus that attacks the immune system. The document outlines that HIV is most commonly spread through sexual intercourse and needle sharing. It also notes that while treatment cannot cure HIV, antiretroviral therapy can control it. It emphasizes that testing is the only way to know one's HIV status, and encourages getting tested.

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    This document provides information about HIV transmission and testing. It begins by asking questions to test the reader's knowledge about HIV. It then defines HIV as a virus that attacks the immune system. The document outlines that HIV is most commonly spread through sexual intercourse and needle sharing. It also notes that while treatment cannot cure HIV, antiretroviral therapy can control it. It emphasizes that testing is the only way to know one's HIV status, and encourages getting tested.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    22 views25 pages

    Download

    Uploaded by

    Cybill Lacaden
    This document provides information about HIV transmission and testing. It begins by asking questions to test the reader's knowledge about HIV. It then defines HIV as a virus that attacks the immune system. The document outlines that HIV is most commonly spread through sexual intercourse and needle sharing. It also notes that while treatment cannot cure HIV, antiretroviral therapy can control it. It emphasizes that testing is the only way to know one's HIV status, and encourages getting tested.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 25

    HIV Transmission

    Prevention Programme
    WHAT DO YOU REALLY KNOW
    ABOUT HIV TRANSMISSION ?
    Test your knowledge
    WHAT IS HIV ?

     A disease

     A virus

     An institution fighting against Sexually


    Transmitted Infections
    WHAT IS HIV ?

     A disease

     A virus

     An institution fighting against Sexually


    Transmitted Infections
    WHAT IS HIV ?
    HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

    HIV is a virus that can lead to Acquired Immunodeficiency


    Syndrome (AIDS) if not treated. HIV attacks the body
    immune system. Specially the T cells (CD4 cells which
    help the immune system fight off infections). Untreated,
    HIV destroys these cells which can lead to other diseases
    or infections.

    AIDS is the most severe phase of HIV infection.


    HOW IS HIV SPREAD ?
    HIV is a virus spread by a person infected (HIV positive) to a
    person non-infected. But, how is HIV spread ?

     By a penile-anal or penile-vaginal intercourse


     By kissing
     By tatooing
     By receiving or performing fellatio/cunnilingus
     By shared sextoys
     By contact with faces or urine
     By sharing toothbrushes
     By sharing razors
     By injected with needle
     By breast-milk
    HOW IS HIV SPREAD ?
    Potentially, all of them !

     By a penile-anal or penile-vaginal intercourse


     By kissing
     By tatooing
     By receiving or performing fellatio/cunnilingus
     By shared sextoys
     By contact with faces or urine
     By sharing toothbrushes
     By sharing razors
     By injected with needle
     By breast-milk
    HOW IS HIV SPREAD ?
    It is not spread in the same proportion… Let’s specify the assessment of HIV’s risk

    Negligible risk:

    Involve an exchange of body fluids (semen, blood, vaginal fluids and


    breast milk). However, the amounts, conditions and media of exchange
    are such that the efficiency of HIV transmission appears to be greatelly
    diminished.

    → Receiving fellatio or cunnilingus


    → Sharing thoothbrushes and razors
    → Taking breast milk into the mouth
    → Contact with feces or urine on broken skin
    HOW IS HIV SPREAD ?
    It is not spread in the same proportion… Let’s specify the assessment of HIV’s risk

    Low risk:

    Involve an exchange of body fluids (semen, blood, vaginal fluids and


    breast milk). There are a few reports of infection attributed to these
    activities.

    → Kissing with exchange of blood


    → Performing fellatio or cunninlingus without barrier
    → Intercourse (penile anal or penile vaginal) with barrier
    → Injecting with cleaned needles
    → Tatooing with non professionnal equipment
    → Taking blood into the mouth
    HOW IS HIV SPREAD ?
    It is not spread in the same proportion… Let’s specify the assessment of HIV’s risk

    High risk:

    Involve an exchange of body fluids (semen, blood, vaginal fluids


    and breast milk). Lot of scientific studies have repeatedly
    associated those activities with HIV infection.

    → Penile- anal or penile- vaginal intercourse without


    condoms
    → Receiving shared sex toys
    → Injecting with shared needles
    HOW IS HIV NOT
    SPREAD..?
    →By mosquitoes, ticks or other blood suking insects
    →Through the air
    →By sitting on a toilet seat, even if it is not really clean
    →By kissing with no blood
    →By tatooing/percing/ injecting with sterelized and
    new equipment
    →By shaking hands/ hugging/ talking and interract
    with HIV positive people
    WHAT ARE THE EARLY
    SYMPTOMS OF HIV ?
     Fever
     Coughs up blood
     Hair loss
     Chills
     Teeth loss
     Rash
     Night sweats
     Appearance of lumps all over the body
     Muscle aches
     Sore Throat
     Fatigue
     Mouth ulcer
     None of them
    WHAT ARE THE EARLY
    SYMPTOMS OF HIV ?
    Actually, it is just flu- like symptoms
     Fever
     Coughs up blood
     Hair loss
     Chills
     Teeth loss
     Rash
     Night sweats
     Appearance of lumps all over the body
     Muscle aches
     Sore Throat
     Fatigue
     Mouth ulcer
     None of them
    WHAT ARE THE EARLY
    SYMPTOMS OF HIV ?
    About 40% to 90% of people have flu-like
    symptoms within 2- 4 weeks after HIV infection.
    Other people do not feel sick at all during this
    early stage. Those flu-like symptoms can last from
    a few days to several weeks.

    During this early stage, HIV infection may not be


    detectable in some types of HIV tests but people
    who have it are highly infectious and can spread
    the infection to others.
    WHAT ARE THE ADVANCED
    SYMPTOMS ?

    On this advanced stage, the virus is


    developing in the body without detectable
    symptoms. During this stage, HIV continue to
    progress at very low level.

    As the disease progress, eventually your viral


    level will begin to increase and your T cells
    will begin to decline.
    CAN HIV BE CURED ?

     Yes, if it is detected on time


     Yes, if there was no penetration
     Yes, but only if I’m young/healthy
     No.
    CAN HIV BE CURED ?

     Yes, if it is detected on time


     Yes, if there was no penetration
     Yes, but only if I’m young/healthy
     No.
    CAN HIV BE CURED ?
    No effective cure currently exists for HIV. But with
    proper medical care, HIV can be controlled.

    Treatment for HIV is called antiretroviral therapy or ART.

    If taken the right way everyday, ART can dramatically


    prolong the lives of many people infected with HIV,
    keep them healthy, and greatly lower their chance of
    infecting others.
    CAN HIV BE CURED ?
    Did you know?

    Before the introduction of ART in the mid 1990’s,


    people with HIV could progress to AIDS (the last
    stage of HIV infection) in a few years.

    Today, someone diagnosed with HIV and treated


    before the disease is far advanced can live nearly as
    long as someone who does not have HIV.
    HOW CAN I AVOID HIV
    TRANSMISSION ?
    → By abstinence
    → By avoiding some sexual practices
    → By using condom during penile-anal or penile-vaginal
    intercourse
    → By using condom or latex protection when performing
    fellatio or cunnilingus
    → By not sharing sextoys (or clean it, or change latex
    protection before sharing)
    → By using cleaned, new and sterelized equipment
    (tatooing, piercing, injecting…)
    → By avoiding interferences with blood
    Did you know ?
    Almost 40 million of people around the world are HIV
    positive. However, only half of them are under ART
    treatment.

    Philippines is one of the seven countries where the number


    of new HIV cases has increased by over 25% from 2001 to
    2009. According to UNAIDS Report, the epidemic states
    point to new HIV cases among Filipinos has growing more
    than double : from 4,300 in 2010 to 10,500 in 2016.
    Infections are now occuring at a younger age: 20–29.
    Philippines has one of the highest proportion of
    adolescents living with 10% rate living with HIV.
    HOW CAN I KNOW IF
    I AM HIV POSITIVE ?
     Did I have a flu on the past months ?

     I bleed easily, feeling weak / tired

     Pass a test
    HOW CAN I KNOW IF
    I AM HIV POSITIVE ?
     Did I have a flu on the past months ?

     I bleed easily, feeling weak / tired

     Pass a test
    HOW CAN I KNOW IF
    I AM HIV POSITIVE ?
    The symptoms of HIV vary, depending on the individual
    and what stage of the disease you are in. Some people who
    have HIV, do not show any symptoms at all for 10 years or
    more.

    The only way to know for sure if you have HIV is to get
    tested. Knowing your status is important because it helps
    you make healthy decisions to prevent getting or
    transmitting HIV.

    SO…
    GET TESTED

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