Nelumbo Vol.

65(2): (161–176) 2023 ISSN (Print) : 0976-5069

BOTANICAL SURVEY OF INDIA
DOI: 10.20324/nelumbo/v65/2023/173203 ISSN (Online) : 2455-376X

Floristic diversity of Pranahita Wildlife Sanctuary,

Telangana, India
A. Appaiah1, J. Swamy2, G. Ravi3, D. Veeranjaneyulu4
1&3
Bharatiya Engineering Science and Technology Innovation University, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh-515731
2
Botanical Survey of India, Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose Indian Botanic Garden,
Howrah, West Bengal-711103
4
ENVIS Division, EPTRI, Hyderabad, Telangana-500032
*Corresponding author: [email protected]

प्राणहिता वन्यजीव अभयारण्य, तेलंगाना, भारत की वनस्पति विविधता

ए.अप्पैया, जे.स्वामी, जी. रवि, डी. वीरंजनेयल
ु ु

सारांश
वर्तमान शोधपत्र में प्राणहिता वन्यजीव अभयारण्य, मं चेरियल जिला (तत्कालीन आदिलाबाद) तेलंगाना राज्य, भारत की वनस्पति विविधता (आवृतबीजी) की वर्तमान स्थिति
को दर्शाया गया है। इस अध्ययन में 282 वं शों और 80 कु लों से सं बं धित कु ल 417 पौधे दर्ज किए गए। 118 वं शों और 53 कु लों से सं बं धित कु ल 151 प्रजातियां आईयूसीएन
की चार श्रेणियों में पाई गईं। वर्तमान प्रलेखीकरण से अभयारण्य के आगामी सं रक्षण और प्रबं धन के लिए इस अनोखे सं रक्षित क्षेत्र की वनस्पति विविधता को बेहतर ढंग से
समझने में मदद मिलेगी।

ABSTRACT
The present communication reveals the current status of the floristic diversity (Angiosperms) of Pranahita Wildlife
Sanctuary, Mancherial district (Erstwhile Adilabad) Telangana State, India. During the study, a total of 417 plants
belonging to 282 genera and 80 families were reported. A total of 151 species belonging to 118 genera and 53 families
were found in four IUCN categories. The present documentation will help better understanding of the botanical diversity
in this unique protected area for further conservation and management of the sanctuary.

Keywords: Blackbuck, Conservation, Ecosystem, Flora, Mancherial district, Protected area

INTRODUCTION ecosystem services that are vital for sustaining life,

while simultaneously offering livelihoods for numerous
Biodiversity provides essential needs for humans like communities residing within and around them (Swamy
food, shelter, fibres, medicine, clean air and water and its & al., 2019). Moreover, the protected areas serve as
beautiful environment and also it has many values namely invaluable hubs for education and research. Over the last
cultural, aesthetic, ecological, scientific, etc. (Yaynemsa, decade (1993 to 2004) there has been tremendous loss
2022). The International Union for Conservation of of biodiversity due to loss of forest cover, nearly 1229.02
Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species data ha. (i.e., 9.04%) in Pranahita Wildlife Sanctuary (Giriraj
reveals that, more than 42,100 species are threatened with & al., 2008). In view of the rapid loss of biodiversity by
extinction (IUCN, 2023) of the estimated total number human activities and other natural calamities, the urgent
(varies between 8.7 and 12 million) of species (Mora & need to document all forms of life in this protected area,
al., 2011; Raven 2020; Shivanna and Sanjappa, 2021). before they become extinct. A review of the literature
Hence, the documentation of biodiversity is very crucial shows that floristic explorations in the Pranahita Wildlife
to understand the ecosystems and ultimately to conserve Sanctuary are very poor except for the stray collections
the species. The protected areas (PAs) play a crucial of 47 ethno medicinal plants from the sanctuary (Murthy
role in conserving and safeguarding the natural habitats & al., 2010). Furthermore, no floristic studies have
of threatened species. These areas provide essential been carried out in the Pranahita Wildlife Sanctuary.

Submitted : 15.10.2023 Accepted : 14.12.2023 Date of Publication 31.12.2023

Floristic diversity of Pranahita Wildlife Sanctuary, Telangana, India

river, a tributary of River Godavari forms the eastern

boundary while Godavari River constitutes part of the
southern boundary adjoining Maharashtra state. The
chief geological formations formed in the sanctuary are
Archaean’s, Gondwana’s, Deccan traps and fossils. A large
number of animal and plant Paleozoic era fossils have
been reported from Pranahita river basin. The climate
of the sanctuary is characterized by a hot summer and
is generally dry except during the southwest monsoon.
As per the Champion & Seth (1968), the forest in the
sanctuary is Tropical Dry Deciduous type (Fig. 2). The
characteristic vegetation includes Tectona grandis,
Cleistanthus collinus, Buchanania cochinchinensis,
Pterocarpus marsupium, Terminalia anogeissiana,
Terminalia bellirica, Careya arborea, Madhuca longifolia
var. latifolia and Diospyros melanoxylon etc.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Field explorations were conducted in Pranahita Wildlife
Sanctuary during April 2020 to March 2023 in different
seasons to cover all the plant diversity. During the field
explorations the specimens were collected in triplicate
with flower and fruit. A field collection number was
allocated for each and every specimen, and the collected
specimens were processed for herbarium as per the
standard herbarium methodology (Jain & Rao, 1977).
All the collected plant specimens were identified with
the help of relevant regional Floras namely Flora of
Presidency Madras (Gamble, 1915-1935), Flora of
Fig 1. Map of Pranahita Wildlife Sanctuary Telangana (Pullaiah, 2015; Reddy & Reddy, 2016) and
Therefore, the study was undertaken to document the also consulted latest revisionary studies and monographs
flora of the sanctuary. wherever required. The voucher specimens will be
deposited in the Department of Botany, BESTIU, Andhra
STUDY AREA Pradesh.

The Pranahita Wildlife Sanctuary is one of the oldest RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
protected areas of Telangana State, established during the
year 1978 to conserve Blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra) The present study reveals the occurrence of a total of
population. It is situated in Mancherial district (Erstwhile 417 plants belonging to 282 genera, 80 families (65
Adilabad district). The sanctuary lies between 18°41ʹ dicotyledonous families & 15 monocotyledonous families)
to 19°9ʹ N and 79°9ʹ to 79° 57ʹ E with an area of 136 and 31 orders in the Pranahita Wildlife Sanctuary (Table
km2 (13,602.66 Ha.). The Enchapally Reserve Forest 1). Fabaceae was the dominant family represented
Block (Extension-1 & 2) and Parpalli Reserve Forest by 36 genera and 61 species followed by Poaceae (32
Block of Mancherial district constituted as Pranahita genera; 53 species), Malvaceae (15 genera; 22 species),
Wildlife Sanctuary vide G.O.Ms.No.111 F &RD (For- Cyperaceae (6 genera; 19 species), Acanthaceae (11
III) Department dt:18.03.1980 (Fig.1). The Pranahita genera; 17 species), Rubiaceae (12 genera; 15 species),

Table 1. Overall Taxonomic richness of Pranahita Wildlife Sanctuary

Sl. No. Name of the Component Orders Families Genera Species

1 Dicotyledons 23 65 226 320
2 Monocotyledons 8 15 56 97
Total 31 80 282 417

162 www.nelumbo-bsi.org Nelumbo

 A. Appaiah, J. Swamy, G. Ravi, D. Veeranjaneyulu

Fig. 2. Vegetation images of Pranahita Wildlife Sanctuary: A. Aquatic habitat, B. Dry-deciduous forests, C. Scrub forests, D. Teak forest.

Nelumbo www.nelumbo-bsi.org 163

Floristic diversity of Pranahita Wildlife Sanctuary, Telangana, India

Fig 3. Representation of top 10 families with genera and species in Pranahita Wildlife Sanctuary

Lamiaceae (10 genera; 15 species), and, Convolvulaceae climbers 49 (11.75%) and shrubs 33 (7.91%). Among the
(7 genera; 13 species), Asteraceae (9 genera; 12 species) recorded 417 species, 402 species are terrestrial plants,
and Apocynaceae (10 genera; 11 species) (Fig. 3). distantly followed nine species are semi-aquatic, five
Erythroxylaceae, Hypoxidaceae, Lauraceae, Lecythidaceae, species are aquatic and a species is epiphyte (Figs. 4-10).
Lentibulariaceae, Loranthaceae, Martyniaceae,
Menispermaceae, Menyanthaceae, Myrtaceae, Ochnaceae, The erstwhile Adilabad district has 673 species (Pullaiah
Olacaceae, Opiliaceae, Orchidaceae, Orobanchaceae, & al., 1992), in which Pranahita Wildlife Sanctuary is
Oxalidaceae, Polygalaceae, Polygonaceae, Pontederiaceae, part. The current documentation is significant in terms
Portulacaceae, Scropulariaceae, Simaroubaceae, of the presence of 416 species in this small protected
Solanaceae, Sphenocleaceae, Typhaceae, Ulmaceae, area, which are approximately 62% of the total recorded
Zingiberaceae and Zygophyllaceae were represented with species of erstwhile Adilabad district. These results
single species. strongly suggest that the sanctuary holds a noteworthy
concentration of species due to its great conservation
Life forms analysis revealed that herbs are dominated by efforts.
247 species (59.23 %) followed by trees 88 species (21.1%),
CONSERVATION OF THREATENED
SPECIES
During the present study, it is observed that the Wildlife
Sanctuary has 151 species belonging to 118 genera and 53
families were the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
(Table 2), of which one species i,e, Tectona grandis
L.f. is Endangered (EN); Curcuma pseudomontana J.
Graham, Cleistanthus collinus (Roxb.) Benth. ex Hook.f.,
Chloroxylon swietenia DC. and Utricularia stellaris L.f.
are Vulnerable (VU); Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa is Near
Threatened species (NT) and 145 species is Least Concern
(LC). On the habit analysis maximum species were herbs
Fig 4. Analysis of habit forms in Pranahita Wildlife Sanctuary (87 species) followed by trees (41 species), shrubs (14

164 www.nelumbo-bsi.org Nelumbo

 A. Appaiah, J. Swamy, G. Ravi, D. Veeranjaneyulu

Table 2. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species

Sl.No. Name of the Species IUCN Status Family Vernacular Name Habit

1 Hygrophila auriculata (Schumach.) Heine LC Acanthaceae Neerugobbi Herb

2 Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R.Br. ex DC. LC Amaranthaceae Ponnagantikoora Herb

3 Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.) Merr. LC Anacardiaceae Gumpena Tree

4 Annona squamosa L. LC Annonaceae Seethaphalamu Tree

5 Calotropis procera (Aiton) Dryand LC Apocynaceae Jilledu Shrub

6 Holarrhena pubescens Wall. ex G.Don LC Apocynaceae Paalakodisha Tree

7 Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) LC Araceae Herb

Nicolson

8 Ageratum conyzoides (L.) L. LC Asteraceae Vanjira Herb

9 Blumea lacera (Burm.f.) DC. LC Asteraceae Karupogaku Herb

10 Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. LC Asteraceae Guntagalagara Herb

11 Grangea maderaspatana (L.) Poir. LC Asteraceae Manchipatri Herb

12 Sphaeranthus indicus L. LC Asteraceae Bodasaram Herb

13 Stereospermum chelonoides (L.f.) DC. LC Bignoniaceae Tree

14 Coldenia procumbens L. LC Boraginaceae Chepputattaku Herb

15 Cordia dichotoma G.Forst. LC Boraginaceae Iriki Tree

16 Ehretia acuminata R.Br. LC Boraginaceae Tree

17 Heliotropium ovalifolium Forssk. LC Boraginaceae Nugu danti Herb

18 Lobelia alsinoides Lam. LC Campanulaceae Herb

19 Capparis sepiaria L. LC Capparaceae Shrub

20 Pleurostylia opposita (Wall.) Alston LC Celastraceae Tree

21 Gloriosa superba L. LC Colchicaceae Adavi nabhi Climber

22 Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. LC Combretaceae Thanikaaya Tree

23 Terminalia chebula Retz. LC Combretaceae Karakkaya Tree

24 Murdannia vaginata (L.) G.Brückn. LC Commelinaceae Herb

25 Commelina benghalensis L. LC Commelinaceae Vennamuddakoora Herb

26 Cyanotis axillaris (L.) D.Don ex Sweet LC Commelinaceae Golla gundi, Kodi Herb
kalu

27 Cyanotis cristata (L.) D.Don LC Commelinaceae Nethakina Herb

28 Ipomoea aquatica Forssk. LC Convolvulaceae Climber

29 Ipomoea cairica (L.) Sweet LC Convolvulaceae Climber

Nelumbo www.nelumbo-bsi.org 165

Floristic diversity of Pranahita Wildlife Sanctuary, Telangana, India

30 Merremia emarginata (Burm. f.) Hallier f. LC Convolvulaceae Yeluka chevi aku Climber

31 Rivea hypocrateriformis Choisy LC Convolvulaceae Boddikura Climber

32 Alangium salviifolium (L.f.) Wangerin LC Cornaceae Ooduga Tree

33 Cyperus alopecuroides Rottb. LC Cyperaceae Herb

34 Cyperus difformis L. LC Cyperaceae Herb

35 Cyperus haspan L. LC Cyperaceae Herb

36 Cyperus iria L. LC Cyperaceae Herb

37 Cyperus pumilus L. LC Cyperaceae Herb

38 Cyperus rotundus L. LC Cyperaceae Thunga gaddi Herb

39 Cyperus triceps F.N.Williams LC Cyperaceae Herb

40 Eleocharis geniculata (L.) Roem. & Schult. LC Cyperaceae Herb

41 Eleocharis palustris (L.) Roem. & Schult. LC Cyperaceae Herb

42 Fimbristylis argentea (Rottb.) Vahl LC Cyperaceae Herb

43 Fimbristylis cymosa R.Br. LC Cyperaceae Herb

44 Fimbristylis dichotoma (L.) Vahl LC Cyperaceae Herb

45 Fimbristylis nutans (Retz.) Vahl LC Cyperaceae Herb

46 Fimbristylis ovata (Burm.f.) J.Kern LC Cyperaceae Herb

47 Fuirena ciliaris (L.) Roxb. LC Cyperaceae Meesala tunga Herb

48 Schoenoplectiella articulata (L.) Lye LC Cyperaceae Herb

49 Scleria biflora Roxb. LC Cyperaceae Herb

50 Scleria terrestris (L.) Fassett LC Cyperaceae Herb

51 Eriocaulon cinereum R.Br. LC Eriocaulaceae Herb

52 Jatropha curcas L. LC Euphorbiaceae Shrub

53 Aeschynomene indica L. LC Fabaceae Teega jeelugu, Herb

Tellajeelugu

54 Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. LC Fabaceae Dirisena Tree

55 Albizia procera (Roxb.) Benth. LC Fabaceae Tella pachari Tree

56 Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. LC Fabaceae Moduga Chettu Tree

57 Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb. LC Fabaceae Gatchakaya Climber

58 Cassia fistula L. LC Fabaceae Rela Chettu Tree

59 Chamaecrista absus (L.) H.S.Irwin & LC Fabaceae Chanubala Herb

Barneby

60 Dalbergia lanceolaria L.f. LC Fabaceae Tree

166 www.nelumbo-bsi.org Nelumbo

 A. Appaiah, J. Swamy, G. Ravi, D. Veeranjaneyulu

Fig. 5. Diversity of Herbs. A. Coldenia procumbens L., B. Curculigo orchioides Gaertn., C. Cyperus difformis L., D. Eclipta prostrata (L.) L.,
E. Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene, F. Sphaeranthus indicus L.

Nelumbo www.nelumbo-bsi.org 167

Floristic diversity of Pranahita Wildlife Sanctuary, Telangana, India

61 Derris scandens (Roxb.) Benth. LC Fabaceae Nalla teega Climber

62 Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight & Arn. LC Fabaceae Velthuru Chettu Tree

63 Indigofera linifolia (L.f.) Retz. LC Fabaceae Gudlaku Herb

64 Indigofera oblongifolia Forssk. LC Fabaceae Herb

65 Indigofera trita L.f. LC Fabaceae Nakkanaru Herb

66 Mimosa pudica L. LC Fabaceae Attipatti Herb

67 Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. LC Fabaceae Tree

68 Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre LC Fabaceae Tree

69 Rhynchosia minima (L.) DC. LC Fabaceae Climber

70 Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr. LC Fabaceae Tree

71 Senna obtusifolia (L.) H.S.Irwin & Barne- LC Fabaceae Herb

by

72 Senna occidentalis (L.) Link LC Fabaceae Adavi chennangi Herb

73 Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr. LC Fabaceae Shrub

74 Tephrosia purpurea (L.) Pers LC Fabaceae Vempali Herb

75 Vachellia leucophloea (Roxb.) Maslin, LC Fabaceae Tree

Seigler & Ebinger

76 Vachellia nilotica (L.) P.J.H.Hurter & LC Fabaceae Nallatumma Tree

Mabb.

77 Xylia xylocarpa (Roxb.) Taub. LC Fabaceae Tree

78 Enicostema axillare (Poir. ex Lam.) LC Gentianaceae Nelagolimidi Herb

A.Raynal

79 Hoppea dichotoma Willd. LC Gentianaceae Herb

80 Tectona grandis L.f. EN Lamiaceae Tree

81 Vitex negundo L. LC Lamiaceae Tree

82 Utricularia stellaris L.f. VU Lentibulariaceae Herb

83 Bonnaya antipoda (L.) Druce LC Linderniaceae Herb

84 Bonnaya ciliata (Colsm.) Spreng. LC Linderniaceae Herb

85 Lindernia parviflora (Roxb.) Haines LC Linderniaceae Herb

86 Lindernia rotundifolia (L.) Alston LC Linderniaceae Herb

87 Torenia crustacea (L.) Cham. & Schltdl. LC Linderniaceae Herb

88 Ammannia baccifera L. LC Lythraceae Agnivendrapu Herb

Mokka

89 Lagerstroemia parviflora Roxb. LC Lythraceae Chennangi Tree

168 www.nelumbo-bsi.org Nelumbo

 A. Appaiah, J. Swamy, G. Ravi, D. Veeranjaneyulu

Fig. 6. Diversity of Climbers and Lianas. A. Cassytha filiformis L., B. Celastrus paniculatus Willd., C. Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad.,
D. Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R.Br. ex Sm., E. Derris scandens (Aubl.) Pittier, F. Opilia amentacea Roxb.

Nelumbo www.nelumbo-bsi.org 169

Floristic diversity of Pranahita Wildlife Sanctuary, Telangana, India

90 Lawsonia inermis L. LC Lythraceae Shrub

91 Rotala densiflora (Roth) Koehne LC Lythraceae Herb

92 Rotala indica (Willd.) Koehne LC Lythraceae Herb

93 Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz LC Lythraceae Aarey puvvu Shrub

94 Abelmoschus ficulneus (L.) Wight & Arn. LC Malvaceae Nella benda, Paru- Herb
pubenda

95 Bombax ceiba L. LC Malvaceae Yerra buruga Tree

96 Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. LC Malvaceae Tree

97 Melochia corchorifolia L. LC Malvaceae Ganugapindikura Herb

98 Urena lobata L. LC Malvaceae Peddabenda Herb

99 Waltheria indica L. LC Malvaceae Nallabenda Herb

100 Azadirachta indica A.Juss. LC Meliaceae Vepa Tree

101 Nymphoides cristata (Roxb.) Kuntze LC Menyanthaceae Herb

102 Glinus lotoides L. LC Molluginaceae Herb

103 Ficus hispida L.f. LC Moraceae Brahmamedi chettu Tree

104 Ficus racemosa L. LC Moraceae Medi chettu Tree

105 Ficus religiosa L. LC Moraceae Raavi Tree

106 Ficus virens Aiton LC Moraceae Juvvi Tree

107 Streblus asper Lour. LC Moraceae Barrinka Tree

108 Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels LC Myrtaceae Ginne chettu Tree

109 Nymphaea pubescens Willd. LC Nymphaeaceae

110 Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H.Raven LC Onagraceae Herb

111 Ludwigia perennis L. LC Onagraceae Lavangakkaya Herb

mokka

112 Vanda tessellata (Roxb.) Hook. ex G.Don LC Orchidaceae Chinthabadhanika Herb

113 Centranthera tranquebarica (Biehler) LC Orobanchaceae Herb

Merr.

114 Cleistanthus collinus (Roxb.) Benth. ex VU Phyllanthaceae Nallakoditha Tree

Hook.f.

115 Bridelia retusa (L.) A.Juss. LC Phyllanthaceae Korra maddi Tree

116 Phyllanthus emblica L. LC Phyllanthaceae Usiri Tree

117 Phyllanthus maderaspatensis L. LC Phyllanthaceae Herb

118 Phyllanthus reticulatus Poir. LC Phyllanthaceae Nallapuli, Pulicheru Shrub

119 Limnophila heterophylla (Roxb.) Benth. LC Plantaginaceae Herb

170 www.nelumbo-bsi.org Nelumbo

 A. Appaiah, J. Swamy, G. Ravi, D. Veeranjaneyulu

Fig. 7. Diversity of Shrubs. A. Barleria strigosa Willd., B. Ipomoea carnea Jacq., C. Erythroxylum monogynum Roxb., D. Lantana camara L.,
E. Tarenna asiatica (L.) Kuntze ex K.Schum., F. Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz.

Nelumbo www.nelumbo-bsi.org 171

Floristic diversity of Pranahita Wildlife Sanctuary, Telangana, India

120 Echinochloa colona (L.) Link LC Poaceae Herb

121 Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn LC Poaceae Herb

122 Eragrostis atrovirens (Desf.) Trin. ex Steud. LC Poaceae Herb

123 Eragrostis gangetica (Roxb.) Steud. LC Poaceae Herb

124 Eragrostis japonica (Thumb.) Trin. LC Poaceae Herb

125 Eragrostis unioloides (Retz.) Nees ex LC Poaceae Herb

Steud.

126 Eriochloa procera (Retz.) C.E.Hubb. LC Poaceae Herb

127 Oryza rufipogon Griff. LC Poaceae Herb

128 Panicum repens L. LC Poaceae Herb

129 Paspalidium flavidum (Retz.) A.Camus LC Poaceae Herb

130 Paspalum distichum L. LC Poaceae Herb

131 Paspalum scrobiculatum L. LC Poaceae Herb

132 Saccharum spontaneum L. LC Poaceae Adavi cheruku Herb

133 Sporobolus indicus (L.) R.Br. LC Poaceae Herb

134 Polygonum plebeium R.Br. LC Polygonaceae Herb

135 Pontederia vaginalis Burm.f. LC Pontederiaceae Herb

136 Portulaca oleracea L. LC Portulacaceae Herb

137 Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. LC Rhamnaceae Shrub

138 Ziziphus oenopolia (L.) Mill. LC Rhamnaceae Pariki kampa Shrub

139 Catunaregam spinosa (Thunb.) Tirveng LC Rubiaceae Manga Chettu Shrub

140 Chloroxylon swietenia DC. VU Rutaceae Billudu Tree

141 Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa NT Rutaceae Maredu Tree

142 Flacourtia indica (Burm.f.) Merr. LC Salicaceae Kanaregu Tree

143 Cardiospermum halicacabum L. LC Sapindaceae Butla teega Climber

144 Dodonaea viscosa (L.) Jacq. LC Sapindaceae Banjaruporaka Shrub

145 Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Merr. LC Sapindaceae Pusuga chettu Tree

146 Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertn. LC Sphenocleaceae Herb

147 Typha domingensis Pers. LC Typhaceae Shrub

148 Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene LC Verbenaceae Gajapippalakada Herb

149 Leea indica (Burm. f.) Merr. LC Vitaceae Amkador Shrub

150 Curcuma pseudomontana J.Graham VU Zingiberaceae Adavi pasupu Herb

151 Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile LC Zygophyllaceae Gaare Chettu Shrub

172 www.nelumbo-bsi.org Nelumbo

 A. Appaiah, J. Swamy, G. Ravi, D. Veeranjaneyulu

Fig. 8. Diversity of Trees. A. Albizia amara (Roxb.) Boivin, B. Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile, C. Buchanania axillaris (Desr.) Ramamoorthy,
D. Butea monosperma (Lam.) Kuntze, E. Careya arborea Roxb., F. Cassia fistula L.

Nelumbo www.nelumbo-bsi.org 173

Floristic diversity of Pranahita Wildlife Sanctuary, Telangana, India

Fig. 9. Diversity of Trees. A. Cordia dichotoma G.Forst., B. Ficus hispida L.f., C. Gardenia resinifera Roth, D. Huberantha cerasoides (Roxb.)
Chaowasku, E. Lagerstroemia parviflora Roxb.

174 www.nelumbo-bsi.org Nelumbo

 A. Appaiah, J. Swamy, G. Ravi, D. Veeranjaneyulu

Fig. 10. Diversity of Trees. A. Manilkara hexandra (Roxb.) Dubard, B. Memecylon umbellatum Burm.f., C. Miliusa tomentosa (Roxb.) Finet
& Gagnep., D. Limonia acidissima L., E. Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth., F. Xylia xylocarpa (Roxb.) W.Theob.

Nelumbo www.nelumbo-bsi.org 175

Floristic diversity of Pranahita Wildlife Sanctuary, Telangana, India

species) and climbers (9 species). The occurrence of the GAMBLE, J.S. AND C.E.C. FISCHER 1915‒1935. Flora of the
threatened species in the sanctuary is significant from the Presidency of Madras. Adlard & Sons, London.
conservation perspective and adds conservation value to GIRIRAJ, A., B. SHILPA AND C.S. REDDY 2008. Monitoring
the plant diversity of the area. Giriraj & al. (2008) stated of Forest Cover Change in Pranahita Wildlife Sanctuary,
that nearly 9.04% of the forest cover was lost during Andhra Pradesh, India Using Remote Sensing and GIS.
1993 to 2004 in Pranahita Wildlife Sanctuary and there Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 1 (2): 73-
was great of impact on the biodiversity. The present 79.
documentation will help the deeper understanding of
IUCN 2023. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
the botanical diversity in this unique protected area for Version 2022-2. https://www.iucnredlist.org> accessed on
better conservation of its unique components and also 12.10.2023.
help in management of the sanctuary.
JAIN, S.K. AND R.R. RAO 1977. A Handbook of Field and
ANIMAL DIVERSITY Herbarium Methods. Today and Tomorrow Printers and
Publishers, New Delhi, Pp.1- 157.
Pranahita Wildlife Sanctuary has more than ¼ its MORA, C., D.P. TITTENSOR, S. ADL, A.G. SIMPSON AND
vegetation with a good number of legumes and grasses. B. WORM 2011. How many species are there on Earth and
The occurrence of legumes (61 species), grasses (53 in the ocean? PLOS Biology. 9(8): e1001127.doi: 10.1371/
species), river beds of Pranahita and Godavari and scrub journal.pbio.1001127.
jungles are congenial for many herbivores and other small
PULLAIAH, T. 2015. Flora of Telangana, the 29th State of India.
carnivore populations in the northern Telangana area.
Regency publications, New Delhi. pp.1-1306.
Predominant wildlife of the area is Antilope cervicapra
(Blackbuck), Boselaphus tragocamelus (Neelgai), Canis PULLAIAH, T., P. V. PRASANNA AND G. OBULESU
aureus (Jackel), Cervus axis (Spotted deer), Gazella 1992. Flora of Adilabad District, Andhra Pradesh. C.B.S.
bennettii (Chinkara), Melursus ursinus (Sloth bear), Sus Publishers, Delhi
scrofa (Wild boar), Tetracerus quadricornis (Chowsinga), RAVEN, P.H. 2020. Biological Extinction and Climate Change.
Vulpes bengalensis (Indian fox), etc. Palatable grasses in In: Health of People, Health of Planet and Our Responsibility,
this protected area mainly support the conservation of In: Al-Delaimy W.K., Ramanathan V., Sa´nchezSorondo M.
the ‘Blackbuck’ (Antilope cervicapra) population, it is an (Eds.), Springer Nature, Switzerland. pp11–20.
endangered species under schedule-I of Indian Wildlife
REDDY, K.N. AND C.S. REDDY 2016. Flora of Telangana
Protection Act.
State, India. –Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra
Dun. pp. 1-824.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
SHIVANNA, K.R. AND M. SANJAPPA 2021. Conservation
Authors are thankful to the Director, Botanical Survey of Endemic and Threatened Flowering Plants: Challenges
of India (BSI), Kolkata and Scientist in-charges, BSI, and Priorities for India. Journal of Indian Botanical Society
Deccan Regional Centre, Hyderabad and AJC Bose 101 (4): 269-290.
Indian Botanic Garden, BSI, Howrah for facilities SWAMY. J., G. SAILU AND B. BHADRAIAH 2019. Floral
and encouragement. Also grateful to the officials of Diversity of Pocharam Wildlife Sanctuary, Telangana, India.
Telangana State Forest Department, for forest permission Telangana State Forest Department, Telangana. ISBN 978-
and logistic support. 164713492-1.

YAYNEMSA, K.G. 2022. Introduction. In: Plant Biodiversity

REFERENCES Conservation in Ethiopia. Springer, Cham. https://doi.
CHAMPION, H.G. AND S.K. SETH 1968. A Revised Survey of org/10.1007/978-3-031-20225-4_1
Forest Types of India. Manager of Publications, Government
of India, Delhi.

176 www.nelumbo-bsi.org Nelumbo