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    Jet Wall Separation

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    Jackfusion
    The document analyzes the analytical approximation of a supersonic jet ejected from a wall orifice into near-vacuum. It considers a round orifice from which a supersonic jet exits and expands spherically. As the jet exits into hard vacuum, it will expand based on Prandtl-Meyer relations and turn over the nozzle lip by a maximum angle. If ambient pressure is zero, the jet will stay attached to the wall, but if ambient pressure is greater than zero, the jet will detach from the wall at a detachment point that can be estimated from isentropic relationships involving critical radius, Mach number, and ambient and total pressures. For a sample case of exit Mach 2.

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    Jet Wall Separation

    Uploaded by

    Jackfusion
    12 views2 pages
    The document analyzes the analytical approximation of a supersonic jet ejected from a wall orifice into near-vacuum. It considers a round orifice from which a supersonic jet exits and expands spherically. As the jet exits into hard vacuum, it will expand based on Prandtl-Meyer relations and turn over the nozzle lip by a maximum angle. If ambient pressure is zero, the jet will stay attached to the wall, but if ambient pressure is greater than zero, the jet will detach from the wall at a detachment point that can be estimated from isentropic relationships involving critical radius, Mach number, and ambient and total pressures. For a sample case of exit Mach 2.

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    The document analyzes the analytical approximation of a supersonic jet ejected from a wall orifice into near-vacuum. It considers a round orifice from which a supersonic jet exits and expands spherically. As the jet exits into hard vacuum, it will expand based on Prandtl-Meyer relations and turn over the nozzle lip by a maximum angle. If ambient pressure is zero, the jet will stay attached to the wall, but if ambient pressure is greater than zero, the jet will detach from the wall at a detachment point that can be estimated from isentropic relationships involving critical radius, Mach number, and ambient and total pressures. For a sample case of exit Mach 2.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    12 views2 pages

    Jet Wall Separation

    Uploaded by

    Jackfusion
    The document analyzes the analytical approximation of a supersonic jet ejected from a wall orifice into near-vacuum. It considers a round orifice from which a supersonic jet exits and expands spherically. As the jet exits into hard vacuum, it will expand based on Prandtl-Meyer relations and turn over the nozzle lip by a maximum angle. If ambient pressure is zero, the jet will stay attached to the wall, but if ambient pressure is greater than zero, the jet will detach from the wall at a detachment point that can be estimated from isentropic relationships involving critical radius, Mach number, and ambient and total pressures. For a sample case of exit Mach 2.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    Analytical Approximation of a Supersonic Jet Ejected from a Wall Orifice

    into Near-Vacuum

    Let’s consider a supersonic jet which is being ejected from a round orifice of the radius rin
    located on the surface of an infinite plane wall into near-vacuum (Fig. 1). The orifice radius is
    much smaller than the wall extents, and the flow at the nozzle exit can be approximated as a
    monopole source, and the jet will expand spherically.

    r
    jet flow rs
    jet detachment point
    rin

    Figure 1.

    When a jet exits into hard vacuum, it will expand based on Prandtl-Meyer relations. The jet will
    turn over the nozzle lip by the maximum angle,

    (1)

    where max is measured from the direction of the jet flow. Here  = Cp / Cv, and for an ideal gas 
    = Cp / (Cp – R). For air,  = 1.4 and max = 130 deg. If the nozzle exist is flushed with the wall
    surface (Fig. 1), the jet can turn only by 90 deg, assuming the jet flow direction is normal to the
    wall surface. Inevitably, the jet flow will propagate along the wall surface. If ambient conditions
    are hard vacuum, pambient = 0, then the jet flow will stay attached to the wall. When pambient > 0,

    © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential
    information of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
    Page 1 of 2
    then the jet will detach from the wall at a detachment point rs. This detachment point can be
    estimated from isentropic relationships,

    (2)

    (3)

    Setting M in (2) equal to the Mach number at the nozzle exit, and r = rin gives rcritical. Setting p =
    1 Pa and p0 equal to the total pressure at the nozzle exit gives the Mach number, Ms, on a
    spherical surface where p = 1 Pa. Substituting rcritical and Ms back into (2) gives the value of r
    where the jet will detach from the wall.

    For instance, in the 2D sample case, Mexit = 2.38 and p0 = 2.5e+07 Pa. This gives a detachment
    distance on 5.5 m for the ambient pressure of 1 Pa. Thus, the domain size must be at least twice
    is large to recover the detachment location.

    The above considerations are valid in the inviscid approximation

    © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential
    information of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
    Page 2 of 2

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