INDIAN

GEOGRAPHY

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Indian Geography
*Total Area of India
Ans: 32, 87, 263 Sqkm (3.287 million sq.km)
*7th largest country in the world
Ans: India
* 6th largest country - Australia
* 8th largest country - Argentina
* Percentage of Earth's surface covered by India
Ans : 2.42 %
* India lies entirely in the
Ans : Northern Hemisphere
* Latitude extension of India
Ans : 8°4'N to 37°6'N
* Longitude extension of India
Ans : 68°7'E to 97°25'E
* The longitudinal and latitudinal extent of India is about
Ans : 30 degree
* North - South distance of India
Ans : 3214 Km (1997 miles)
* East - West distance of India
Ans : 2933 Km (1822 miles)
* Total length of coastline
Ans : 7516.6km
* Length of coastline in Indian mainland
Ans: 6100 km
* Indian States having coastline
Ans : 9 (Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala,
Tamilnadu, Andhrapradesh, Odisha and West Bengal)

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■ INDIAN GEOGRAPHICAL FACTS
*Northern most point of India
Ans: Indira col (Jammu & Kashmir)
*Southern most point of India
Ans: Indira point (Great Nicobar)
*Eastern most point of India
Ans: Kibithu (Arunachal Pradesh)
*Western most point of India
Ans: Guhar Moti (Gujarat)
*Southern most point of Indian main land
Ans: Cape Comorin
*Southern most point of Indian Union
Ans: The Indira point
*Southern most point of peninsular India
Ans: Cape Comorin
*Former names of Indira point
Ans: Pygmalion point and Parsons point
*Latitude of Indira point
Ans: 6°4'N
*Latitude of Cape Comorin
Ans: 8°4'N
* Length of land frontier
Ans : 15,200 km
*Indian Standard Time is fixed based on
Ans : 82.5°E Longitude
*Union Territories having Coastal Area
Ans : 4 (Daman and Diu, Puducherry, Andaman Nicobar and
Lakshadweep)
*State which has the longest coastline
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Ans : Gujarat
*State which has the least coastline
Ans : Goa
*The State which has the most coastline in south India
Ans : Andhra Pradesh
*The Union Territory which has the longest coastline
Andaman & Nicobar (1962 km)
*The Union Territory which has the least coastline
Ans : Daman and Diu
*Total Number of coastal districts
Ans : 73
Mainland - 69; Andaman & Nicobar - 3, Lakshadeep -1
*The only south Indian state which has no coastline
Ans : Telangana
*The coastal area of Indian mainland can be divided into
Ans : 2
*Coast of Bay of Bengal
Ans : Eastern Coast
*Coast of Arabian Sea
Ans : Western Coast
*Eastern coast is commonly known as
Ans : Coramandal Coast
*Mainly, the coasts of Tamilnadu and Andhrapradesh are
included in
Ans : Coramandal Coast
*North part of western coast
Ans : Konkan Coast
*Coast from Raigar, Maharashtra to
Ans : Mangalore, Karnataka is known as

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Konkan Coast
*South part of western coast
Malabar Coast
*The coast from Mangalore to Kanyakumari is known as
Ans : Malabar Coast
*Mainly, the coast of Kerala is included in
Ans : Malabar Coast
*Meeting place of Eastern Coast and Western Coast
Ans : Kanyakumari
*Meeting place of Malabar Coast and Coramandal Coast
Kanyakumari
*The local wind blows in Malabar coast at the end of south
west monsoon season (during September - October)
Ans : Elephanta
*Neighbouring Countries
Ans : 9
Pakistan, Afghanistan, China,
Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh,
Myanmar, Sri Lanka & Maldives

■ LENGTH OF BOUNDRIES
WITH NEIGHBOURS
*Pakistan- 3,323 km
*Afganistan- 106 km
*China- 3488 km
*Nepal- 1751 km
*Bhutan- 699 km
*Bangladesh- 4097 km
*Myanmar- 1643 km
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*Largest Neighbouring Country
Ans: China
*Smallest Neighbouring Country
Ans: Maldives
*Smallest neighbouring country which shares boundary with
India
Ans: Bhutan (699 km)
*Neighbouring Country which shares longest boundary with
India
Ans: Bangladesh (4097 km)
*Neighbouring Country which shares the least boundary with
India
Ans: Afghanistan (106 km)
*State having the longest boundary with Bangladesh
Ans: West Bengal
*The only State which shares boundary with Afghanistan
Ans: Jammu & Kashmir
* Number of States sharing boundaries with neighbours
Ans: 17
* In the Indian subcontinent, India is the only country to
share its landfrontier with every member country of the
subcontinent.
* States which have both international boundary and
coastline
Ans:Gujarat and West Bengal
* Major latitude which passes through the middle of India
Ans: Tropic of Cancer (23 V2°N latitude)

STATES BORDERING WITH NEIGHBOURS

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* Pakistan - Gujarat, Rajasthan, Punjab and
*Afghanistan - Jammu and Kashmir
*China - Jammu and kashmir,Himachal Pradesh
*Nepal - Uttarakhand,UP,Bihar,West Bengal,Sikkim
*Bhutan - Sikkim ,west Bengal,Arunachal Prasesh3
* Bangladesh - West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya,
Tripura,Mizoram
*Myanmar - Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur,
Mizoram

NO. OF STATES IN WHICH TROPIC OF

CANCER PASSES THROUGH 8
*Gujarat *Rajastan
*Madhyapradesh *Chattigarh
*Jharkhand *West Bengal
*Tripura *Mizoram
*Indian Metropolitan city nearest to Tropic of Cancer
AKolkata
0 Indian Metropolitan city nearest to Equator
Chennai
* Indian State Capital city nearest to Equator
Thiruvananthapuram
The only Indian river which crosses Tropic of Cancer twice
Mahi river
Mahi river orginates from Dhar district in Madhya Pradesh
* Longest day occurs in India
Ans : June 21
* Sun rays fall Vertically at the tropic of cancer on
Ans : June 21
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* Longest night occurs in India on
December 22
* Sun rays fall vertically at the Tropic of Capricon on
Ans : December 22
*Summer solstice
Ans : June 21
* Winter solstice
Ans : December 22
*Standard Meridian of India
Ans : 82 1/2 0 E longitude
Indian standard Time (IST) is calculated on the basis of 82
1/2° E longitude
*No. of Indian States in which 82 1/2^0 E longitude passes
through 5
Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha,
Andhra Pradesh
*The longitude which is known as Allahabad Kakinada line
Ans : 82 1/2° E longitude
*Major Indian city in which 82 1/2° E longitude passes
through .
Ans : Allahabad (UP)
*The clock tower which calculates Indian Standard time on
the basis of 82 1/2°E longitude is located in
Ans : Mirzapur(UP)
*Standard meridian of India 82 1/2° E Longitude came into
force on
Ans : January 01,1906
*Institution that generate official time signals for both
commercial and official use

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Ans : National Physical Laboratory
(H.Q - New Delhi)

BAGAN TIME
*A separate time zone followed by the tea gardens in Assam
is known as
Ans : Tea garden time or Bagan time
*Bagan time is 1 hr ahead of
Ans : Indian Standard Time (IST)
*Officially, Assam follows
Ans : IST
*The country having the same Standard Time
Ans : Sri Lanka

PHYSIOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS OF INDIA

*India is broadly classified into 6 physical divisions. They are
1.Northern Mountain Ranges
2.Coastal Plains
3.Great Indian Desert
4.Northern Plains
5.Peninsular Plateaus
6.Indian Islands

I. NORTHERN MOUNTAIN RANGES

*Northernmost physical division in India
Ans : Northern Mountain Ranges
*Trans Himalaya, Himalaya & Purvachal / Patkai are
comprised to form
Ans : Northern Mountain Ranges
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TRANS HIMALAYA
*Karakoram, Ladakh and Zaskar are the three major
mountain ranges in
Ans: Trans Himalaya
*The heavily glaciated part of the world outside polar region
in India
Ans: Karakoram
*Mountain refers to Krishnagiri in Sanskrit Literature
Ans: Karakoram
*Highest peak in Trans Himalaya
Ans: Mount K2 (Godwin Austin)
*Mount K2 is in
Ans: Karakoram range
*The mountain range which is situated in the western part of
the river Indus
Ans: Karakoram
*The mountain range of India which starts from the Pamir
Plateau
Ans: Karakoram
*The range which forms India's frontier with Afghanistan
and China
Ans: Karakoram
*The range which acts as watershed between India and
Turkistan
Ans: Karakoram
*The mountain ranges which lies on the north of the
Karakoram and it spreads to Afghanistan
Ans: Hindukush
*The mountain range which lies to the south of Karakoram
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Ans: Pir Panjal
*The Karakoram range extends from the Pamir knot to Tibet
Ans: Kailash range
*Name of the Mount Kailash in Tibet
Ans : Kang Rimpoche
*Highest paved International road in the world
Ans : Karakonam High way
*The high way connecting Xinjiang (China) with Gilgit
Ballistan (Pakistan)
Ans : Karakoram Highway
*Third longest glacier outside polar region
Ans : Biafo Glacier (Karakoram range-Pakistan)
*Longest glacier outside polar region
Ans : Fedchenko Glacier (Thajikistan)
*The moutain peak which is locally known as Chogori / Qogir
/ Lamba pahar / Dapsang
Ans: Mount K2
*Second highest peak in the world Mount K2 Highest peak in
India
Ans: Mount K2
*Mount K2 is located in
Ans: Pak Occupied Kashmir (POK)
*Height of Mount K2
Ans: 8611m
*The second highest peak in India
Ans: Nanda Devi (Uttarakhand)
*The Novel in which Rudyard Kipling refers to Karakoram
Mountain range
Ans: Kim

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* The glacier situated on the east of Karakoram range
Ans: Siachen glacier

■ SIACHEN
*Name Siachen refers to
Ans: Plenty of roses
*Highest glacier in the world
*Highest warfield in the world
*Highest Helipad in the world
*Highest army post in the world
*Second longest glacier out side polar region
*Third pole of earth
* Largest mountain glacier in the world
*Largest glacier in India
*Origin of river Nubra is from
Ans: Siachen
*Operation Meghadut (1984) deals with
Ans: Siachen
*First Indian president who visited Siachen
Ans: Dr. A.PJ. Abdul Kalam
*Indira Col, the northern most point of India is located in
Ans: Siachen glacier

THE HIMALAYA
*Word meaning of Himalaya
Ans: Abode of snow
* Length
Ans: 2400 km
*Himalaya extends from river Indus in the west to
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Ans: Brahmaputra river in the east
*Youngest fold mountain in the world
Ans: The Himalayas
*Largest fold mountain in the world
Ans : The Himalayas
*Highest mountain range in the world
Ans : The Himalayas
*The Himalaya comprises mainly
Ans : Sedimentary rocks

HIMALAYA RUNS THROUGH 6 COUNTRIES:

*India *Afghanistan
*Pakistan *China
*Nepal *Bhutan

■ HIMALAYA SPREADS OVER 12 INDIAN

STATES
*Jammu & Kashmir *Assam
*Himachal Pradesh *West Bengal
*Uttarakhand *Sikkim
*Arunachal Pradesh *Nagaland
*Manipur *Mizoram
*Tripura *Meghalaya
*The mountain range which separates Indian subcontinent
from Tibet plateau
Ans : The Himalaya
*The mountain range which separates Indo - Gangetic plain
from Tibet Plateau
Ans : The Himalaya
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*The major seismic belt in Himalayas
Ans : Alpine - Himalayan orogenic belt (Alpide belt)
*The second most seismically active region in the world
Ans : Alpide belt
*The most seismically active region in the world
Ans : Circum-pacific belt
*Rain shadow region of Himalaya Tibet Plateau
*The mountain range in Myanmar which looks like the
continuation of Himalayas
Ans : Arakan Yoma
*The Queen of Himalayas
Ans : Darjeeling
*The Himalaya consists of three parallel mountain ranges:
1. Himadri 2. Himachal 3. Siwalik

HIMADRI OR GREATER HIMALAYA

*Northern most Himalayan range
Ans : Himadri
*Average height of Himadri
Ans : 6000 meter
*Highest Himalayan range
Ans : Himadri
*The backbone of Himalaya
Ans : Himadri

■ PEAKS IN HIMADRI
*The Mount Everest * Kanchenjunga
*Nandadevi *Nanga Parbat
*Dhoulagiri *Annapoorna
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*Makalu etc
*Highest peak in Himadri
Ans : The Mount Everest (Nepal)
*Highest Himalayan peak in India
Ans : Kanchenjunga (Sikkim)
*Highest peak entirely inside India
Ans : Kanchenjunga (8586 m)
*Highest peak in undisputed India
Ans : Kanchenjunga
*Second Highest peak in India
Ans : Kanchenjunga
*3rd Highest peak in the world
Ans : Kanchenjunga
*Kanchenjunga National Park is included in UNESCO's
world heritage site in
Ans : 2016
*The mountain range which means the five treasures of snow
Ans : Kanchenjunga
*9 out of the 10 highest peaks in the world are located in
Ans : Himadri

HIMACHAL RANGE
*The range located on the middle of Himalaya
Ans : Himachal
*The Himalayan range lies between Himadri and Siwalik
ranges
Ans : Himachal
*Himachal is also known as
Ans : Lesser Himalaya or Lower Himalaya
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*Himachal range lies to the south of Himadri range and
north of
Ans : Siwalik range

■ FAMOUS HILL STATIONS IN LESSER

HIMALAYA:
*Dalhousie - Himachal Pradesh
*Shimla - Himachal Pradesh
*Darjeeling - West Bengal
*Nainital - Uttarakhand
*Mussoorie - Uttarakhand
*Almorah - Uttarakhand
*Ranigarh - Uttarakhand
*Mughal emperor Jahangir and Prime Minister Jawaharlal
Nehru titled the Kashmir valley as
Ans : Paradise on earth
*The valley which is known as 'Valley of god'
Ans : Kulu Valley
*Old name of Kulu Valley
Aans : Kulanthpitha
*Kulanthpitha means
Ans : The end of Habitable land
*Valley famous for fruits and blankets
Ans : Kulu
*The temple Masroor rock cut temple is situated at
Ans : Kangra Valley
*Masroor Rock cut Temple is known as
Ans : Himalayan Pyramid
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