1.

The unit of magnetic flux is:

A. Teslas
B. Webers
C. Reluctance
D. Ampere/turns

2. A line that joins points of equal distance from a north or south pole of a
globe or sphere is referred to as :
A. A great circle
B. A meridian
C. An aclinic line
D. A line of latitude

3. Geographic positions on the earth are partly identified by the angular

displacement of the meridian on which the position is located, from a
reference line which is known as :
A. The geographic north pole
B. The equator
C. The zero hour international date line
D. The prime meridian, which passes through Greenwich

4. The four main headings on a compass rose, plus the four equally spaced in
between, are known as:
A. The major azimuth headings
B. The quadrantal and inter-quadrantal headings
C. The cardinal and quadrantal headings
D. The compass points and mid course vectors

5. The strongest points in the earth's magnetic field (at the earth's surface) in
number and location are:
A. One at the north magnetic pole
B. Two, one at either magnetic pole
C. Three, one at either pole and an equal strength area at the equator
D. Four, two near either pole

6. Which of the following statements regarding lsogonal lines is correct?

A. An isogonal line is the shortest distance to travel between two points
while maintaining the same compass bearing
B. Isogonal lines join points of equal magnetic inclination
C. Isogonal lines are completely stationary and can be mapped
 D. Magnetic variation remains the same while travelling along an
isogonal line

7. The angle of dip of the earth's magnetic field is also referred to as :

A. Variation
B. Deviation
C. Declination
D. Inclination

8. Positive angle of dip refers to :

A. Any significant angle of dip greater than 10 degrees either way
B. The dip that causes the north end of a compass needle to point upwards
C. The dip occurring at the magnetic equator
D. The dip occurring in the northern hemisphere

9. The shape of the actual magnetic meridians are:

A. Great circles
B. Wavy lines between the poles
C. Uniformly curved lines between the poles
D. Straight lines between the poles

10. Lines on a map joining points of zero magnetic variation are referred to as:
A. Isoclinal lines
B. Isogonal lines
C. Aclinic lines
D. Agonic lines

11. An increased angle of dip increases the effect of acceleration and turning
errors because:
A. The friction at the card pivot point is increased
B. The distance between the centre of gravity and the pivot point of
the card is increased
C. The mass of the card is effectively increased
D. Forces of acceleration are greater near the north and south poles

12. Which of the following effects will be caused by a de-acceleration in a

straight line when flying towards the east in the northern hemisphere?
A. The compass card will swing to the north
B. The compass card will swing to the south
 C. The compass card will tilt forward but will not rotate
D. The compass card will swing to the west

13. Which of the following characteristics is NOT desirable for compass fluid?
A. Must be completely non-corrosive
B. Must not allow bubbles to form
C. Must remain completely clear and colourless
D. Must not dampen the movement of the compass card in any way

14. Compensation of direct reading compass is carried out by:

A. Electrical current passed through compensating coils
B. Degaussing magnetised material to remove deviation
C. Repositioning magnetic material within the aircraft
D. Physical Repositioning of compensating magnets

15. The pendulous mounting of a direct reading compass card is intended to

allow for:
A. Angle of dip
B. Magnetic variation
C. Acceleration errors
D. Magnetic deviation

16. Which of the following deflections of the compass card of a direct reading
compass is the maximum acceptable when carrying out an internal lighting
check?
A. Less than 1 degree
B. Less than 5 degrees
C. Nil deflection
D. Less than 2 degrees

17. During a pivot friction test of a direct reading compass, which of the
following deflections must be obtained:
A. Ten degrees for thirty seconds
B. Ten degrees for twenty seconds
C. Twenty degrees for ten seconds
D. Ninety degrees for ten seconds

18. The compass "steer-by" or "deviation" card must be mounted in which of

the following positions?
A. On a uncluttered area of cockpit coaming clear of other instruments and
 where it can be illuminated at night
B. Anywhere convenient where it can be easily read in flight
C. On the instrument panel directly in front of the primary pilots position
D. On a fold away placard holder directly below the compass

19. What characteristic of a direct reading compass is given by the fact that the
centre of gravity of the card or magnetic system is situated well below the
pivot point?
A. The compass can continue to operate close to the earth's magnetic
poles
B. Pivot friction is significantly reduced
C. Over-shoot and oscillation of the card is reduced
D. Turning errors are almost eliminated

20. The compass card in the indicator of a remote reading compass system is
driven by heading information provided directly from the:
A. Compensation device
B. Directional gyro
C. Comparator synchro
D. Flux valve

21. A flux valve contains:

A. One input and three output windings
B. One input and one output winding
C. One input and two output windings
D. Three input and one output winding

22. Which of the following will be true of a pre-indexed flux valve?

A. It will have index marks alongside an elongated slot
B. It will require adjustment in position after fitting
C. It will not require a compass swing on fitting
D. It will be provided secured on a mounting bracket

23. The frequency of signal fed into the flux valve excitation coil is:
A. 50Hz
B. 800Hz
C. 400Hz
D. 200Hz
24. The three wire output signal from a flux valve is best described as a
variable:
A. DC level
B. Frequency
C. Vector
D. Amplitude

25. The purpose of the torque motor in a remote reading compass system is to:
A. Drive the DG warning flag on the magnetic indicator
B. Precess the directional gyro
C. Rotate the comparator synchro rotor
D. Rotate the compass card

26. In a remote reading compass system, if a synchronization annunciator is

indicating a dot or cross but the directional gyro is not being aligned and
the compass card is not moving, the most likely fault is in which of the
following:
A. The flux valve
B. The comparator synchro
C. The slaving amplifier
D. The gyro torque motor

27. Compensation of Co-efficient B and C for a remote reading compass

system is carried out by which of the following methods:
A. Adjustment of a magnetic mechanism within the indicator, and injection
of torquing current at the directional gyro
B. Injection of currents at the flux valve or an off-set in the synchro link
between
C. Adjustment of a magnetic mechanism or injection of electrical
currents at the flux valve
D. Adjustment of a magnetic mechanism or rotation of the flux valve
housing
28. Another term for a heading in the 360 degrees range of compass bearings
is:
A. Azimuth
B. Deviation
C. Rotation
D. Elevation
29. Which of the following is a typical precession rate for a slaved directional
gyro in a remote reading compass system?
A. 10 degrees per minute
B. 2 degrees per minute
C. 8 degrees per minute
D. 5 degrees per minute

30. What is the main advantage conferred by a directional gyro on a remote

reading compass system?
A. The gyro is not affected by magnetic disturbances
B. Increased reliability
C. Gyros provide long-term stability of the heading indication
D. Elimination of significant acceleration and turning errors

31. A magnetised material will exhibit magnetic domains that are different
from those in non-magnetised material because they are:
A. Equally spaced
B. Grouped together
C. Radiating outwards from the centre
D. Aligned

32. Which of the following statements regarding magnetic poles is correct?

A. Unlike poles repel
B. Like poles attract
C. Like poles repel
D. Unlike poles have no effect on each other

33. Any dynamic speaker fitted in an aircraft cockpit should be:

A. Magnetically shielded
B. Fitted with a current limiting resistor in series
C. Wired in using two wires twisted together
D. Of a design requiring a low current draw

34. Two parallel wires carrying electric current in the same direction will
experience which of the following types of force?
A. Repulsion
B. No additional force
C. Attraction
D. Rotational
35. Lines that run the shortest distance between the opposite poles of a globe
or sphere are referred to as:
A. Equatorial lines
B. Meridians
C. Isogonal lines
D. Lines of latitude

36. Most maps are drawn on a grid system referenced to which of the
following:
A. Geographic meridians and parallels
B. Magnetic north and south poles
C. Satellite position information
D. Magnetic meridians and parallels

37. At any location the difference between magnetic and geographic (or true)
headings, is known as:
A. Variation
B. Declination
C. Inclination
D. Deviation

38. Magnetic "deviation" is caused by:

A. Misalignment of the earth's magnetic and geographic poles
B. Acceleration effects on compass cards
C. Magnetic effects of an aircraft structure
D. The angle of the earth's magnetic field relative to the horizon

39. The angle of inclination of the earth's magnetic field at the magnetic
equator is:
A. 45 degrees
B. 0 degrees
C. 135 degrees
D. 90 degrees

40. Magnetic variation can be specified as either:

A. Positive or negative
B. East or West
C. Left or right
D. Additive or subtractive
41. The effects of aircraft magnetism on the accuracy of the aircraft's compass
is known as:
A. Deviation
B. Inclination
C. Declination
D. Variation

42. The magnetic forces occuring as a result of modification to the overall

magnetic field of the earth by aircraft magnetism are known as:
A. Variatng forces
B. Deviating forces
C. Compensating forces
D. Distorting forces

43. Soft magnetism is best described as:

A. Materials that are easily magnetised, but once they are tend to
readily lose their magnetism
B. Materials that are not easily magnetised, and once they are tend to
readily lose their magnetism
C. Materials that are not easily magnetised, but once they are tend to retain
their magnetism
D. Materials that are easily magnetised, and once they are tend to retain
their magnetism

44. Which of the following materials is soft iron in magnetic terms?

A. Cast steels
B. Permalloy
C. Tungsten
D. Cobalt

45. A material that exhibits neither hard or soft magnetism, but can become
magnetised when vibrating in a magnetic field, is known as:
A. Sub-permanent magnetism
B. Kinetic magnetism
C. Para-magnetic
D. Non-magnetic

46. An item of equipment capable of compass deviation, when situated outside

the "compass safe distance", should cause maximum deflection of the
compass card of:
 A. 1.5 degrees
B. 1 degree
C. 0.5 degrees
D. 2 degrees

47. Sources of localised magnetic disturbances in an aircraft can be located by:

A. Using a small permanent magnet
B. Using the aircraft compass
C. Using a small hand held compass
D. Using an inductive pickup and meter

48. Which of the following methods of supplying current near a compass

system will cause the least amount of magnetic disturbance?
A. Running both the supply and return circuits together in wires
twisted together
B. Running the supply circuit in a single wire and the return current via
parts of the airframe such as windscreen pillar
C. Running both the supply and return circuits together in parallel straight
wires
D. Running the supply circuit in a single wire and the return current via
earth

49. Which of the following is not a requirement of a compass base?

A. Must have access without affecting other airfield users
B. Must have a suitable load bearing surface for the size of aircraft to be
swung
C. Must have sufficient room for towing and turning
D. The surface should be suitable for dry weather use as a minimum
requirement

50. Which of the following should not be marked within the datum compass
circle of a compass base area?
A. North-South datum lines
B. A magnetic anomaly
C. Flux valve locations
D. Compass base central area

51. The maximum allowable deviation and re-survey periodicity for a class 1
compass base is:
A. +or- 0.1 degree and every 5 years
 B. +or- 0.25 degrees and every 2 years
C. +or- 0.25 degrees and every 5 years
D. +or- 0.1 degree and every 2 years
52.

53. A survey intended to determine if gross errors exist in a compass base area
is known as:
A. An establishment survey
B. An area survey
C. An initial survey
D. An error limits check

54. A "periodic re-survey" for class 2 compass base is best described by which
of the following:
A. A quick check for gross errors carried out every three years
B. A detailed re-survey carried out every two years
C. A detailed re-survey carried out every five years
D. A quick check for gross errors carried out every two years

55. An "area survey" is restricted to that area of a compass base which is:
A. Used for electrical swings
B. Within 100 meters of the central area
C. Used only for compass swing purposes
D. Within the datum compass circle
56. A

57. During a "reciprocal bearing" method survey in which the mobile compass
has been checked as having no error requiring correction compared to the
master compass, on one survey point check the master compass reads 037
degrees to the mobile compass, and the reciprocal bearing indicated by the
mobile compass is 216.
What is the deviation at the point where the mobile compass is located?
A. Negative one degree
B. Absolute one degree (no polarity)
C. The deviation must be averaged within the rest of the readings obtained
before being assigned a relative deviation value
D. Positive one degree

58. Which of the following types of compass base survey can only be used for
initial surveys or gross error checks?
 A. "magnetic intensity" and "survey pole"
B. "reciprocal bearing" and "survey pole"
C. "distance bearing" and "reciprocal bearing"
D. "distance bearing" and "survey pole"

59. When using the "survey pole" method to survey a compass base, a
confidence check to ensure the North-South and east-west lines are at
ninety degrees can be carried out by which of the following methods:
A. Taking bearings between adjacent extreme points and checking that
those bearings are at 45 degrees to the main bearings
B. Placing the compass at the centre point and taking bearings to survey
poles at each extreme point
C. Comparing the chord lengths between extreme points marked on
each bearing
D. Applying the required compass corrections and comparing the bearings
already recorded

60. A proton magnetometer measures:

A. Absolute magnetic field vectors
B. Variation in a magnetic field
C. The precision frequency of electrons
D. The deflecting forces on an electromagnet

61. Which of the following is NOT a primary objective of an area survey?

A. Measure the field strength and direction where the flux valves will be
located
B. Mark the North-South lines for the aircraft
C. Mark the nose wheel turning circles within the datum compass
circle
D. Select a suitable location for the compass calibrator monitor

62. During the survey of a compass base the compass tripod should normally
be set to which of the following heights?
A. One meter
B. Two meters
C. Maximum tripod height
D. Close to ground level

63. Acceleration errors in direct reading compass are greatest at which of the
following locations:
 A. Approximately half way between the equator and the poles
B. At lower altitudes in any given location
C. The equator
D. Near either pole

64. The purpose of the two adjusting screws on the front face of a direct
reading compass is to:
A. Allow repositioning of the mounting base
B. Adjust for coefficient A and cross talk errors
C. Adjust for N-W and S-E deviation
D. Adjust for coefficient B and C deviation

65. The purpose of a jewel post in a direct reading compass is to:

A. Support the low friction bearing
B. Support the compensating magnet mechanism
C. Allow adjustment of the compass card off-set
D. Align the lubber line with the aircraft fore and aft axis

66. During the pivot friction test of a direct reading compass, which of the
following activities is not permitted:
A. Placing magnetic material near the compass
B. Tapping of the compass
C. Operation of the instrument lighting system
D. Operation of the compass lighting system

67. With respect to remote reading compasses, what does the term "slaving"
refer to?
A. Adjusting the compass heading for local magnetic variation
B. Synchronizing the DG system with the flux valve
C. The action of any servo-motor loop in the gyro-compass system
D. Aligning the flux valve with the aircrafts longitudinal axis

68. Each spoke of a flux valve consists of:

A. Two insulated core sections terminated with a shared outer rim horn
B. One shared core section and outer rim horn
C. One shared core section with split insulated outer rim horns
D. Two insulated core sections with insulated outer rim horns

69. The core material of a flux valve is selected so that it has which of the
following attributes:
 A. Easily magnetised and retains it's magnetism
B. Easily saturates and easily loses its magnetism
C. Cannot be magnetised by non-alternating flux
D. It can only be magnetised in one direction only

70. The purpose of spare synchro transmitters in the indicating unit of a remote
reading compass system would be to:
A. Act as part of the servo motor system for the main compass card
B. Allow the display to run off an alternative flux valves or other heading
sources
Provide redundancy in the event of a system failure
D. Drive additional magnetic displays

71. For which of the following reasons is not permitted to carry out a
continuity check of a flux valve using a multimeter?
A. The DC current could saturate the core
B. The resistance of the windings can vary significantly even in a
serviceable flux valve
C. The DC current could damage the fine wires
D. The DC current could damage the fine wires

72. Which of the following methods can be used to correct for coefficient A
deviation in a remote reading compass system?
A. Rotating the flux valve in its mount
B. Injecting calibrated DC currents into flux valve output windings
C. Adjusting compensating magnets mounted under the flux valve
D. Moving the heading index line on the indicator

73. Which of the following materials is classified as Para-magnetic?

A. Aluminium
B. Zinc
C. Lead
D. Nickel

74. The magneto motive force generated by a current through a wire can be
increased by:
A. Increasing the reluctance of the magnetic circuit
B. Decreasing the length of the magnetic circuit
C. Increasing the permeability of the magnetic circuit
D. Increasing the number of turns formed in the wire
75. A line joining points of equal distance from opposite poles on a globe or
sphere is known as:
A. The prime meridian
B. The prime parallel
C. The central parallel
D. The equator

76. Which of the following statements regarding magnetic variation is true?

A. In some places in the world it is zero
B. Variation in a given location remains constant, but variation changes
from location to location
C. It tends to decrease on any given meridian closer to the poles
D. There is no significant change (greater than 0.2 degrees) in magnetic
variation for a given location in one year

77. Another term for magnetic equator is:

A. The agonic line
B. The isogonal
C. The aclinic line
D. The isoclinic line

78. According to the molecular theory of magnetism, magnetic domains are

formed by groups of:
A. Molecules
B. Iron filings
C. Atoms
D. Electrons

79. An alternating magnetic field that slowly reduces in strength through a

ferro-magnatic material will have which of the following results on its
magnetism?
A. Reduce it
B. Distribute it more evenly
C. Strengthen it
D. Re-align it

80. The two groups of numbers that specify a geographic location on the earth
are usually referred to as:
A. Latitude and longitude
 B. Distance and heading
C. Parallel and meridian
D. X and Y co-ordinates

81. At the magnetic north pole the red end of a freely suspended bar magnet
will:
A. Point randomly in the horizontal plane
B. Point straight up
C. Point straight down
D. Point towards the south pole

82. A line drawn on a 1982 edition map has a true heading of 250 degrees. If
magnetic variation in 1982 is 21 degrees and 30 minutes East, increasing at
the rate of 5 minutes per year, what would have been the magnetic heading
of the same line in 1992?
A. 227 degrees and 40 minutes
B. 272 degrees and 20 minutes
C. 217 degrees and 20 minutes
D. 270 degrees and 40 minutes

83. Acceleration errors should only occur in straight and level flight when
flying in which of the following headings:
A. East
B. North
C. South
D. Along the magnetic equator

84. The line on a direct reading compass placed for reading the compass
heading against is referred to as:
A. The index line
B. The heading indicator
C. The course pointer
D. The lubber line

85. The coefficient B compensation adjustment on a direct reading compass

affects which of the following headings?
A. North-east
B. North-South
C. South-west
D. East-west
86. The compass damping fluid should make the compass "aperiodic", which
means:
A. The card will always rotate along the shortest path onto a new heading
B. The card will rapidly respond to course changes and move onto new
headings
C. The card will rotate only in the plane it is hanging in, and will not
"wobble"
D. The card will not overshoot and take time to settle on a new
heading

87. The typical period an uncorrected directional gyro heading will remain
accurate is:
A. 5 minutes
B. 30 minutes
C. 20 minutes
D. 10 minutes

88. When a flux valve spoke has no external flux flowing through it, it's
internally generated flux will:
A. Double
B. Become a net alternating value
C. Cancel
D. Halve

89. As a flux valve is rotated in the earth's magnetic field the output signal
from one spoke would:
A. Vary in frequency and amplitude
B. Vary in phase and frequency
C. Vary in phase and amplitude
D. Not vary significantly in AC terms, but only in DC levels

90. The purpose of the comparator synchro in a remote reading compass

system is to:
A. Generate a signal when there is a difference between the flux valve
heading and the compass card heading
B. Generate a signal when there is a difference between the directional
gyro heading and the compass card heading
C. Generate a signal when there is a difference between the flux valve
heading and the directional gyro heading
 D. Generate a signal when there is a difference between the flux valve
heading and true heading

91. The synchronization annunciator of a remote reading compass system

should only read zero when:
A. The compass card and flux valve headings agree
B. The torque motor is repositioning the directional gyro
C. The compass heading is not changing
D. The servo motor circuit is not re-positioning the comparator synchro

92. A flux valve should be disconnected from aircraft wiring before continuity
checks are carried out for which of the following reasons?
A. DC current from the ohmmeter can burn out the fine windings in the
flux valve
B. DC current from the ohmmeter can magnetise the flux valve
C. The flux valve windings will short out the aircraft wiring
D. The flux valve in circuit can cause misleading resistance readings

93. The forces applied by the earth's magnetic field on a compass needle are
known as:
A. Heading forces
B. Directive forces
C. Azimuth forces
D. Deflecting forces

94. On different headings, the effects of hard and soft magnetism are best
described by which of the following statements:
A. Hard iron effects are the same regardless of heading, but soft iron
effects vary with heading
B. Both hard and soft iron effects are the same regardless of heading
C. Both hard and soft iron effects vary with heading
D. Soft iron effects are the same regardless of heading, but hard iron
effects vary with heading

95. The polarity of the directive forces of the earth's field relative to an
airframe are designated by which of the following:
A. Positive values are X forward, Y starboard, Z down
B. Positive values are X forward, Y port, Z down
 C. Positive values are X starboard, Y forward, Z up
D. Positive values are X port, Y forward, Z up

96. The distance that aircraft wiring carrying DC current should be kept
separated from compass system is:
A. 2 feet
B. 12 inches
C. 6 inches
D. 1.5 feet (18 inches

97. Which of the following situations would render a location unsuitable as a

compass base?
A. A standby electrical generator 105 meters distant
B. A buried electrical cable 45 meters distant
C. An overhead electrical cable 120 meters distant
D. A steel framed shed without power 75 meters distant

98. When may a compass base with a maximum deviation of greater than 0.25
degrees be used for compass swings?
A. Such a site must never be used
B. When a compass swing must be carried out away from a surveyed base,
and will be used for one flight only
C. When a direct reading compass is the main heading reference
D. When the aircraft uses an internal reference system as its primary
heading source

99. An annual check of a compass base involves:

A. Repeating a detailed re-survey
B. Checking for gross errors that could indicate that a detailed re-survey is
necessary
C. Checking the compass base markings, and checking for any sign of
work carried out in the area that could effect the magnetic
characteristics
D. Checking for signs of any work in the area that may affect the
operational access of the compass base, and reviewing logbooks of aircraft
that have undergone compass swings over the period for signs of reported
inaccuracies

100. Which of the following restrictions applies to the "distant bearing survey"
method?
 A. May be used only for initial surveys and gross error checks
B. May only be used with distant objects not less than five nautical miles
away
C. A correction for off-set must be calculated for reference objects less
than ten nautical miles away
D. Two accurate compasses must be used and the bearings for the off-set
taken in immediate sequence

101. The accuracy of bearings obtained using the "survey pole" method should
be within plus or minus:
A. One tenth of a degree
B. One degree
C. Half a degree
D. The rated accuracy of the compass in use

102. The spacing between points at which deviation is checked on the various
quadrants during a compass base survey should be no more than:
A. Ten meters
B. Twenty meters
C. Six meters
D. Two meters

103. The standard period for which a compass swing remains current is:
A. Thirty six months
B. Twelve months
C. Twenty months
D. Twenty four months

104. Which of the following occurrences would NOT require a compass swing
of the aircraft involved:
A. When the latitude of operation has changed significantly
B. A heavy landing
C. When magnetic crack detection has been employed
D. Excessive operation of the aircraft radio systems

105. If a lightning strike causes magnetic problems in an aircraft, which of the

following actions should be taken first:
A. The aircraft should be de-magnetized immediately
B. A compass swing should be carried out to compensate for any change in
aircraft magnetism
 C. The aircraft should be given several days to stabilise before
attempting de-magnetisation
D. Flying figures of eight followed by a check swing should be carried out
on the next flight

106. Which of the following maintenance actions on aircraft compass systems

DOES NOT require a compass swing to be performed after completion?
A. Replacing a pre-indexed flux valve in a remote reading compass system
B. Replacing the compensating mechanism attached to a direct reading
compass
C. Replacing a deviation compensation device in a remote reading
compass system where the correcting voltage levels can be accurately
transferred to the replacement item
D. Replacing a direct reading compass where the mechanical compensating
device has indexed adjustment screw

107. Which of the following locks should be fitted during a compass swing?
A. Cockpit control locks
B. All locks of magnetic material should be removed
C. Landing gear and cockpit control locks
D. Landing gear locks

108. When lining an aircraft up on a heading during a compass swing how

accurately does this need to be achieved?
A. Within 5 degrees as indicated by the aircraft compass
B. Within 5 degrees as indicated by the datum compass
C. Within 1 degree as indicated by the aircraft compass
D. Within 1 degree as indicated by the datum compass

109. During a conventional compass swing of a direct reading compass, the first
coefficient to be calculated is:
A. Coefficient B
B. Coefficient C
C. Coefficient D
D. Coefficient A

110. Which of the following are NOT used as reference points for lining aircraft
up during compass swings?
A. Aircraft nose and vertical stabiliser
B. Target fixtures
 C. Sighting rods
D. Pitot tubes

111. It is important to check the slaving circuit is operating correctly before

starting a compass swing of a remote reading compass system because:
A. Otherwise the headings indicated will not originate from the flux
valve
B. Otherwise it can not supply correct heading data to navigate computers
C. Otherwise the directional gyro will not stay in one orientation
D. The slaving circuit ensures all repeating indicators are working
correctly off the main indicator

112. If during a compass swing of a direct reading compass used as the main
heading reference in a light aircraft, the datum compass reads 181 degrees
and the aircraft compass reads 178 degrees, the deviation is recorded as:
A. Deviation can be ignored if it is less than 5 degrees for this category of
compass
B. Plus 3 degrees
C. Minus 3 degrees
D. 3 degrees with no polarity

113. Coefficient B and C deviation is also referred to as:

A. Hard iron error
B. One cycle error
C. Two cycle error
D. Index error

114. The calculation of coefficient A is best described as:

A. Finding the sum of the deviations in one direction

B. Finding the average of the deviations in one direction

C. Finding the difference between coefficient B and C deviations and
dividing by two
D. Finding the difference in deviations and dividing by two

115. A direct reading compass used as a standby system is permitted a

maximum residual deviation of up to:
A. 5 degrees
B. 3 degrees
 C. 2 degrees
D. 8 degrees

116. Coefficient B and C are also referred to as:

A. One cycle errors
B. Index error
C. Soft iron deviation
D. Two cycle errors

117. With regard to direct reading compass and flux valves, which of the
following statements is true:
A. Some systems do not contain adjustment for coefficient A
B. They must all be mounted in areas of the aircraft subject to least
possible magnetic disturbance
C. They must all be mounted where the course can be read directly off
them
D. Only the direct reading compass includes a pendulous mounting system

118. What are the most common types of survey method for carrying out
establishment surveys or periodic re-surveys of compass bases?
A. Reciprocal bearing and survey pole
B. Survey pole and distance bearing
C. Magnetic intensity and distant bearing
D. Reciprocal bearing and distant bearing

119. After coefficient B and C adjustments during a compass swing, the aircraft
compass headings are USUALLY checked on:
A. The four quadrantal headings
B. The eight cardinal and quadrantal headings
C. The sixteen cardinal, quadrantal and inter-quadrantal headings
D. The four cardinal headings

120. Lines on a chart that join points of equal magnetic dip are referred to as:
A. Isobars
B. Agonal
C. Isoclinal
D. Magnetic contour lines

121. How are the various headings obtained during an electrical compass
swing?
 A. By moving the aircraft onto each heading
B. By electro-magnets reproducing the field direction for each heading
C. By rotating the flux valve onto each heading
D. By using calibrated electrical currents to simulate etch heading

122. Diurnal variation will affect which of the following:

A. The aircraft compass and inertial navigation systems
B. Magnetic headings and true headings
C. The landing compass and internal navigation systems
D. The aircraft compass, and landing compass

123. Which of the following statements regarding turning and acceleration

errors is correct?
A. Turning errors can occur in any position on the earth
B. Acceleration errors occur mainly on North-South headings
C. Turning errors do not occur during a properly coordinated turn
D. Acceleration errors cannot occur on the magnetic equator, even if the
aircraft is flying with one wing lower than the other

124. The compass fluid used in modern compasses should be:

A. Silicon fluid
B. 50% water - 50% alcohol mixture
C. 20% kerosene - 80% distilled water
D. Kerosene

125. The effect of deviation is best described as:

A. The difference between the aircraft compass heading and it's actual
magnetic heading
B. The difference between the aircraft compass heading and true heading
C. The difference between aircraft compass heading and magnetic North
D. The difference between magnetic heading and true heading

126. A typical rotating compass card assembly in a modern direct reading

compass contains how many magnets?
A. Three
B. Four
C. One
D. Two
127. Some compass internal lighting installations prevent magnetic interference
by:
A. Shielding the light bulb installation
B. Mounting the light bulb some distance from the compass card
C. Using specially designed light bulbs
D. Using low current and high voltage

128. When conducting a damping test of a direct reading compass, which of the
following actions is taken?
A. Deflecting the card through 70 degrees and timing it's return through 65
degrees
B. Deflecting the card through 80 degrees and timing it's return through 75
degrees
C. Deflecting the card through 90 degrees and timing it's return
through 85 degrees
D. Deflecting the card through 50 degrees and timing it's return through 45
degrees

129. The term "aperiodic" in reference to direct reading compass means:

A. The compass card does not Over-shoot or oscillate
B. The compass fluid does not slosh around excessively during aircraft
manoeuvres
C. The compass card rapidly responds to changes in heading
D. The compass fluid does not need regular replacement

130. What two errors are direct reading compass subject to while in flight?
A. acceleration and turning errors
B. Compensation and acceleration errors
C. Parallax and friction errors
D. Deviation and mechanical errors

131. In a typical transmit-receive synchro link used in a gyro compass system,

both ends are said to me in alignment when:
A. Their rotors are parallel to each
B. The longitudinal axis of their stators are aligned
C. Their rotors are at 90 degrees to each other
D. The output of the receive rotor is maximum

132. The advantages provided to a compass system by a directional gyro are:

A. Overcomes the needs to adjust headings for magnetic variation
 B. Short term stability in turns and acceleration
C. Long-term stability against drift
D. Reduced maintenance requirements

133. The mounting flux valve sensing element in its housing is best described
as:
A. Pendulous
B. Sliding
C. Rigid
D. Rotating

134. Which of the following characteristics best describes the core material of a
flux valve?
A. Difficult to magnetise, high retentivity, low saturation levels
B. Difficult to magnetise, low retentivity, low saturation levels
C. Easily magnetised, low retentivity, low saturation levels
D. Easily magnetised, high retentivity, high saturation levels

135. An advantage of the relative frequencies of the input and output signals of
flux valves is that:
A. As both input and output signals are DC, any interference signals can be
easily filtered out
B. Since they differ, the output can be easily filtered of any unwanted
input signal
C. As the input signal is AC and the output signal is DC no cross-talk error
can occur
D. Since they are the same frequency, transfer between input and output
circuits is easier

136. The synchronization annunciator in a remote reading compass system will

always indicate zero when:
A. The compass card heading and the spin axis of the directional gyro are
aligned
B. The flux valve heading and the spin axis of the directional gyro are
aligned
C. There is no output from the comparator synchro
D. The servo motor driving the compass card is operating

137. An unserviceable comparator synchro would have which of the following

effects on a remote reading compass system?
 A. The synchronization knob would have no effect on the position of the
compass card
B. The flux valve would not generate an output
C. The directional gyro would not be slaved to the flux valve
D. The compass card would not rotate with the directional gyro

138. A compass coupler is typically used in systems that obtain heading

information from:
A. Two flux valves simultaneously
B. A global positioning system
C. An inertial reference system
D. The standby compass

139. A common term for the input signal of a flux valve is:
A. Magnetisation
B. Excitation
C. Alignment
D. Compensation

140. A DG flag displayed in an RMI window indicates:

A. The system is not slaved to the flux valve
B. There is no power applied to the directional gyro
C. The directional gyro is currently being precessed into alignment with
the flux valve
D. The directional gyro is not at operating speed

141. The output windings of a flux valve in a remote reading compass system
are directly connected to:
A. Correction pots in the compensator unit
B. The directional gyro torque motor
C. The compass card servo-motor
D. The slaving amplifier

142. The frequency of the output signal from a flux valve will be:
A. Three times the input signal
B. The same as the input frequency
C. Twice the input frequency
D. Half the input frequency