A Design of Interface Model Based on HART Protocol

Lin Xiaoning
Department of Information Engineering
JIANGSU Radio and TV University
Nanjing, China

Abstract-A communication interface model based on HART
protocol is designed in this paper. The definition of hardware
interface and the implementation of software modules are
presented in detail. According to the model, the development
period of field communication system can be shortened to some
extent. An example is introduced based on HART protocol in
the end.
Keywords -HART Protocol, Field Bus, HT3012, Interface
Model
I. INTRODUCTION
The technology of the digital control has been
popularized and applied in industrial manufacturing process
continuously, which puts forward more requirements for
signal collection, transmission and data transform. The
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), American
instrumentation institute standards implementation
committee (ISA 'S SP50) and others for the integration of
field instruments system structure successively put forward
the idea of field bus (field bus), which is to use digital
signals to replace 4 to 20mA analog signals.
HART (highway addressable remote transducer)
communication protocol is raised by the American
Rosemount company first, mainly for the digital
communication of system and meter in the intelligent scene
as a transitional international standard, now including ABB,
E&H Smar etc ,more than 70 companies involved in this
agreement.
HART agreement keeps the industrial standard of 4 to
20mA analog signal, and realizes the function of digital
signal transmission. At present it has been widely received
and used and has become a kind of real industrial standards
in the global scope. More and more industrial field
equipment adopts HART interface to realize its additional
function. For example Huang Han [1] applied the HART
interface to the design of intelligent temperature transmitter.
Chen Qiang [2] applied to design pressure transmitter
protocol. Liao Wei [3] uses this protocol to allocate
controller in various valve.
This paper using the HT3012 [4] chip of Smar company
established a communication interface model corresponding
with HART agreement. Based on this model, it can quickly
develop field communication products that meet HART
protocols.
II. THE PRINCIPLE OF THE COMMUNICATION
PROTOCOL
HART agreement [5] developed on the basis of Bell 202
standard communications, using Frequency- Shift Keying
(FSK) technology to change digital signal into audio signal,
then adding to the current loop of 4 to 20mA between the
field devices and main control room to realize the digital
signal communication.
HART protocol regulates: when current loop of 4 to
20mA is superimposed frequency for 1200Hz sinusoidal
signal, it says logic "1", while 2200Hz says logic "0".
Digital FSK signal phase of consecutive and the mean value
of sine signal is zero, so it is no impact on 4 to 20mA of
current ring. In the premise of allowing digital signal not to
interfere with analog signal, it can transmit in current ring of
4 to 20mA. The rate of transmission is 1200Bit/s, as is
showed in Figure 1.

Figure 1 (a) digital signal code (Simultaneously analog and digital
communication)

Figure 1 (b) HART digital signal superimposed on 4 to 20mA analog
signal
The 2nd International Conference on Computer Application and System Modeling (2012)
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III. THE COMMUNICATION INTERFACE BASED
ON HART PROTOCOL
A. Hardware Interface
The author chooses HT3012 to realize physical layer of
HART protocol. HT3012 is one of HART communication
chip launched by Smar company compatibling with
communication standard of Bell 202. It integrates HART
modems, LCD controller, D/A converter and a floating
point arithmetic coprocessor, which is characteristics of low
power consumption, low cost and high performance.
Because of its high integration, it can be simplified circuit
design and shorten the development cycle. Figure 2 shows
the module chart of HT3012.
Integrated HT2012 modems in HT3012 chip can
complete digital communication function of site equipment
and control room; In addition, HT3012 also provides a 15
bits D/A converter, the accuracy of transformation is
0.5uA/bit, conversion pw2, pw1, results of the pw0 stacked
output. To meet the requirements of the analog signal
control, we use the current loop output.
HART signal is 1200Hz or with 2200Hz phase
continuous sine wave, and HT3012 expressed in the
integration of the HT2012 Modem receives input and output
of the signals have a square wave, so HART signal HT2012
modulation and demodulation in enter when output of a
band pass filter and respectively need orthopedics, and need
to level conversion.

Figure 2. The Module Chart of HT3012
HART signal is expressed by 1200Hz or 2200Hz with
phase continuous sine wave, while HT2012 Modem
integrated in the HT3012 receives input and output of the
signals both are square wave, so HART signal HT2012
modulation and demodulation ,when output ,respectively
need band pass filter and orthopedics, and need to convert
level.
This paper uses band-pass filter circuit (Figure 3) to
filter out 4 to 20mA DC signal and changes amplitude of 0.5
mA sine wave signal (HART signal) into 0 to 5v square-
wave, for HT2012 demodulation HART signal.
Figure 4 shows plastic circuit will put the pulse signals
of HT3012 output change into phase continuous sine signals,
and complete the transformation, and output to the current
ring of the 4 to 20mA.
In addition to the modem of Smar company meet HART
protocol standard, the Symbios loigic company also offer
equally functional chip, such as SYM20C15.Besides the
function of modem, it has the shaping circuit and band-pass
filter circuit, which can simplify part of peripheral circuitry.
In the proposed model, HT3012 mainly complete the
control of MCU, communications, data processing, and
other functions. Depending on the specific application
environment, the selection of MCU still need consider
power consumption, functions, etc. The United States of TI
company produces MSP430 microcontroller. It is 16 bits
architecture with the characteristics of powerful, high
integrated and low power dissipation integration. It still has
various case and optional function. It is recommended to use.
In addition to the HT3012 for Motorola HC11 series
microcontroller provides special support. If the product is
being designed by strict limits, it also can consider using
HT4012, which integrated HC11 single-chip HT2012
Modem, LCD controller, D/A converter, and floating point
arithmetic coprocessor. Figure 5 shows the diagram of
HART communication hardware interface.

MCU HT301
A15~8 IRXA
D7~0 OTXA
ITXD PW0
ORXD PW1
/RST PW2
CSIO0 CSIN
A15~8
D7~0
TXD
RXD
/RST

Analog
circuit

Figure 5. The diagram of HART communication hardware interface
B. Software Realization

Figure 6. data frame format of HART communication
HART protocol based on the OSI reference model uses
the 1, 2, and 7 layers [6]. The first layer according with
physical layer of the Bell 202 standard is responsible for the
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FSK signal. Transmission rate is 1200Bit/s. The second is
the data link layer, also called protocol layer, data frame
format and data communications procedures. Its frame
format is described in Figure 6. The longest is 25 bytes and
regulate way mainly for communication mode. For
application layer, layer 7 stipulates the content of HART
communication model, divided into three types. respectively:
general commands, applicable for all the instruments
according with HART agreement ,mainly including read
identifier, read the original variables, such as read current
command ects; ordinary command, suitable for most
according with HART agreement, mainly including the
command of read flow meter, temperature, quality, density
and so on.; special orders, the specific equipment fabrication,
if choose sensor command, read PID initialization state
command, write PID parameters command, etc.

HART communication software in the essence realizes
the function of software of data link layer and application
layer in the HART protocol. This model carries out a
master-slave communication program which only host asks
only response from the machine. The system uses the serial
port for program sending and receiving. First, the machine
sends command frame through a serial port interrupt, then
begin to receive orders from the machine frame. When
receiving finished, it carries on data validation, if correct,
microprocessor is for the data processing, otherwise says an
error, and inform host retransmission data. Finally send end
and response frame complete a command communication.
Figure 7 shows the chart of specific software flow.
IV. APPLICATIONG EXAMPLES
The author applied this model to a handwritten of being
designed based on HART protocol. Based on this model it
can be applied to this handwritten if modified case by case,
and complete intelligent locator (with HART interface) or
main control room for the function of digital communication,
But it also increased the keyboard and LCD display,
providing a friendly human-machine interface and
operability. Communication, handwritten device, or main
control room are as main equipment and field devices
(locator) as slave equipment.
According to this model the article mentioned, adopts
MSP430F149 as a controller, chooses Smar company
HT3012 as HART signal modems (because Smar company
the HT series modem with low consumption , become
preferred chip that HART Foundation (HCF: HART
Communication Foundation) recommended ). In order to
reduce power consumption and the four units for HT3012
provide appropriate clock, choose the 1.8432 M crystals
source, so the 460.8 K clock model produced by HT3012
internal clock according to four points frequency is used by
modems, but also assure other modules in the right job
running frequency. Ensure the consistency of the system bus,
microprocessor and HT3012 using the same reset source.
Serial communication is between Microprocessor and
HT3012.According to plastic and band-pass filter circuit,
HT3012 send and receive audio signal of the current ring of
4 to 20mA and communicate with peripheral circuit. Those
who have HART interface can filter out the equipment on
the current loop, and hand the processor HART signal to
handle. No HART interface on-site equipment can also
receive the current of 4 to 20mA sent by the master, in order
to reach mixed communication of digital signal and analog
signals.
The diagram of hardware of hand hold device is shown
in Figure 8. According to the figure, we can know that
connect MCU and HART protocol demodulation chip
through a serial port to realize the data and control
information communication. It is namely that MCU is host
and HT3012 is slave machine, thus output meets the
requirement of 4 ~ 20mA current of HART protocol and
realize the communications between field devices.

Figure 8. The Source Figure of Hand Hold Devices Hardware
V. CONCLUSION
The model in this paper has wide generalization.
Everything in line with HART protocol field devices,
intelligent transmitter, the original site equipment digital
transformation can be used, and can shorten the
development cycle. HART protocol, although be a
begin
Send command frame
Interrupt ?
Receive data
Error check
Data processing
Send response frame
Shut interrupt
End
YES
NO
NO
YES

Figure 7. The Flow Chart of HART
Communication Software
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transitional agreement, but according to the forecast of
HART foundation, HART protocol can extend the cycle of
more than five years. AS China's current situation is
concerned, its life cycle will also based on this extended 20
years or so. That is, in the future for a very long time, the
product of HART protocol still has wide market. Therefore
the author thinks that it is very signification on the basis of
the model to establish the development and design for
promotion and application of field bus and it is worthwhile
to costs energy.
REFERENCES
[1] Huang Han. The design of intelligent temperature transmitter based
on the HART protocol. 2010.
[2] Chen Qiang. The design of intelligent pressure transmitter based on
HART protocol. Application of Electronic Technique. 2006.03.
[3] Liao Wei. The design and development of the system of intelligent
positioning valve control 2009.
[4] Smar Research Corporation, HT3012 Datasheet DS082000. 11.2000.
[5] HART Communication Foundation, HART Communication Protocol
Application Guide, 1999.
[6] Smar Research Corporation, HART Communication. 2000.


Figure 3. Diagram of Band-pass filter circuit Figure 4 Output shaping circuit


The 2nd International Conference on Computer Application and System Modeling (2012)
Published by Atlantis Press, Paris, France.
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