This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles

for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Designation: C1535 − 05 (Reapproved 2017)

Standard Practice for

Application of Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems Class
PI1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1535; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents

1.1 This practice covers the minimum requirements and 2.1 ASTM Standards:2
procedures for field or prefabricated application of Class PI C11 Terminology Relating to Gypsum and Related Building
Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS). Class PI EIFS Materials and Systems
are systems applied over polyisocyanurate insulation board, in C79/C79M Specification for Gypsum Sheathing Board
which the base coat ranges from not less than 1⁄16 in. (1.6 mm) (Withdrawn 2004)3
to 1⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) in dry thickness, depending upon the number C150 Specification for Portland Cement
C1063 Specification for Installation of Lathing and Furring
of nonmetallic reinforcing mesh layers encapsulated in the base
to Receive Interior and Exterior Portland Cement-Based
coat. The base coat is then covered with a finish coat of various
Plaster
thickness in a variety of textures and colors. The insulation
C1177/C1177M Specification for Glass Mat Gypsum Sub-
board shall be applied over a substrate or over open framing. strate for Use as Sheathing
1.2 This practice does not cover Class PI EIFS with drain- C1186 Specification for Flat Fiber-Cement Sheets
age. Consult the EIFS producer for information. C1278/C1278M Specification for Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum
Panel
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded C1280 Specification for Application of Exterior Gypsum
as the standard. The SI (metric) values given in parentheses are Panel Products for Use as Sheathing
approximate and are provided for information purposes only. C1289 Specification for Faced Rigid Cellular Polyisocyanu-
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes rate Thermal Insulation Board
C1325 Specification for Non-Asbestos Fiber-Mat Rein-
that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
forced Cementitious Backer Units
shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
C1382 Test Method for Determining Tensile Adhesion Prop-
1.5 This standard may involve hazardous materials, opera- erties of Sealants When Used in Exterior Insulation and
tions and equipment. This standard does not purport to address Finish Systems (EIFS) Joints
all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is C1472 Guide for Calculating Movement and Other Effects
the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish When Establishing Sealant Joint Width
appropriate safety and health practices and determine the C1481 Guide for Use of Joint Sealants with Exterior Insu-
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. lation and Finish Systems (EIFS)
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor- E1825 Guide for Evaluation of Exterior Building Wall
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- Materials, Products, and Systems
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the E2110 Terminology for Exterior Insulation and Finish Sys-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- tems (EIFS)
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical 3. Terminology
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1 Definitions used in this standard shall be in accordance
with Terminologies C11 and E2110.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C11 on Gypsum
2
and Related Building Materials and Systems and is the direct responsibility of For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Subcommittee C11.05 on Application of Exterior Insulating and Finish Systems and contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Related Products. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved April 1, 2017. Published April 2017. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C1535 – 05 (2011). The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
DOI: 10.1520/C1535-05R17. www.astm.org.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

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 C1535 − 05 (2017)
4. Significance and Use 9.4 Insulation board shall be stacked flat with care taken to
4.1 This practice provides minimum requirements for the avoid damage to edges, ends, or surfaces; or exposure to direct
application of Class PI EIFS. The requirements for materials, sunlight (ultraviolet radiation).
mixtures, and details shall be contained in the project plans and 10. Environmental Conditions
specifications. See Guide E1825 for guidance.
10.1 Cold Weather Conditions:
5. Delivery of Materials 10.1.1 Wet materials shall not be applied when the tempera-
5.1 All materials shall be delivered in packages, containers, ture is less than 40°F (4°C) unless otherwise specified by the
or bundles with the identification and markings intact. manufacturer or unless temporary heat and enclosures are
provided to maintain minimum 40°F (4°C) for a minimum
6. Inspection period of not less than 24 hours before, during and after
6.1 Inspection of the materials shall be agreed upon and be application. (See X1.8.3)
a part of the purchase agreement. 10.1.2 Materials shall not be applied to a base containing
frost. Substrate surface temperature shall be not less than 40°F
6.2 Inspection shall include the determination that the ma- (4°C). Mixtures for application shall not contain any frozen
terials supplied are as required for the Class PI EIF System ingredients.
specified. Mixing of materials from different manufacturers is
not allowed. 11. Assessment of Condition of Substrates to Receive
Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems
7. Rejection
11.1 The substrate shall be as required by the project plans
7.1 Materials that are damaged, frozen or defective shall not and specifications and as recommended by the EIFS producer
be used. Rejection of materials shall be promptly reported for the particular system specified.
verbally to the producer and immediately reported in writing. 11.1.1 Polyisocyanurate boards for use over open framing in
The notice of rejection shall contain a statement documenting conformance with the EIFS producer’s specification shall not
the basis for material rejection. be less than 1.0 in. (25.4 mm) in thickness.
11.1.2 Polyisocyanurate boards for use over a substrate in
8. Certification
conformance with the EIFS producer’s specification shall not
8.1 When specified in the contract documents, the producer be less than 5⁄8 in. (15.9 mm) in thickness.
shall furnish a report certifying that the materials are in
NOTE 1—Polyisocyanurate board thickness shall conform to building
conformance with product and material standards and contract
code requirements.
documents.
11.2 The substrate shall be inspected by the applicator and
8.2 Insulation Boards: general contractor to assure that it meets the project plans and
8.2.1 Insulation boards shall be in compliance with Speci- specifications and the requirements of 11.3 – 11.8.
fication C1289 , Type II, Class 2.
8.2.2 Insulation boards shall have been subjected to a third 11.3 Sheathing materials shall be inspected to ensure the
party quality control inspection and shall be marked as following:
approved for use within the EIFS and in accordance with 11.3.1 The specified sheathing thickness has been installed
applicable building code. for the stud spacing used.
8.2.3 Prior to installation, the insulation board shall be 11.3.2 Fastener type and fastener spacing are as specified.
inspected for conformance with contract documents. Noncon- 11.3.3 All Specification C79/C79M gypsum sheathing
forming insulation board shall not be used. boards have a water-resistant treated core.
8.2.4 The insulation board producer shall furnish, for each 11.3.4 Tongue and groove water-resistant core gypsum
shipment, a written certificate of conformance with the EIFS sheathing boards conforming to Specification C79/C79M are
producer’s specifications. installed with the tongue edge oriented to the top.
11.3.5 Gypsum sheathing shall be installed with the face
9. Storage of Materials paper exposed in accordance with Specification C1280.
9.1 All materials shall be kept dry by storage under cover 11.3.6 Gypsum sheathing shall be protected from moisture
and protected from the weather. When outside storage is at all penetrations and terminations.
required, materials shall be stacked off the ground, supported 11.3.7 Glass mat gypsum sheathing complying with Speci-
on a level platform and protected from the weather, surface fication C1177/C1177M shall be installed in accordance with
contamination or physical damage in accordance with the EIFS the sheathing producer’s written installation instructions,
producer’s written instructions. which include details of framing type and spacing, fastener
type and spacing, and sheathing orientation and spacing.
9.2 Materials shall be protected from exposure to direct 11.3.8 Plywood shall be not less than 1⁄2 in. (12.7 mm)
sunlight and temperatures less than 40°F (4°C) unless other- nominal in thickness, exterior or exposure 1 panel sheathing.
wise specified by the manufacturer. The plywood shall be installed with a 1⁄8 in. (3.2 mm) space
9.3 Portland Cement shall meet Specification C150 and between sheets at edges and ends.
shall be kept dry until ready for use. It shall be kept off the 11.3.9 Fiber-Cement sheets complying with Specification
ground, under cover and away from damp walls and surfaces. C1186, Type A, shall be installed in accordance with the sheet

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 C1535 − 05 (2017)
producer’s written installation instructions, which include de- 12.3 Placement of a weather resistive barrier, if specified,
tails of stud type and spacing, fastener type and spacing, and shall be as required by the system producer.
sheet spacing recommendations.
11.3.10 Water-resistant exterior fiber-reinforced gypsum 13. General Requirements
sheathing complying with Specification C1278/C1278M shall 13.1 Insulation boards shall be placed from a level base line
be installed in accordance with the sheathing producer’s with vertical joints staggered in a running bond pattern and
written installation instructions, which include details of fram- butted tightly. Over open framing, joints shall occur over
ing type and spacing, fastener type and spacing, and sheathing framing or horizontal blocking.
orientation and spacing.
11.3.11 Fiber-mat reinforced cement sheets complying with 13.2 Insulation board joints at all inside and outside corners
Specification C1325, type A, shall be installed in accordance shall be staggered and interlocked.
with the sheet producer’s written installation instructions, 13.3 Insulation boards must abut without gaps, eliminating
which include details of framing type and spacing, fastener space for base coat intrusion between the board edges and
type and spacing, and sheet orientation and spacing. ends.
11.3.12 Sheathing shall be continuous.
13.4 Fenestration opening corners and other wall penetra-
11.4 Alignment—All substrate surfaces shall be straight and tions shall be cut out of a single insulation board. Board joints
true within 1⁄4 in./10 ft (2 mm/m). More stringent requirements shall not be aligned at corners with head, sill or jambs of
by the EIFS producer shall supersede the above stated require- windows, doors, similar openings, and aesthetic reveals.
ments.
13.5 Mechanically Fastened:
11.5 Suitability for Use—The substrate shall be firm, sound, 13.5.1 Insulation board joints shall be offset from sheathing
and undamaged in order to receive the EIFS. board joints.
11.6 Cleanliness—The surface of all substrates shall be 13.5.2 When the boards are attached only with mechanical
clean and free from any foreign materials such as paint, form fasteners, they shall be affixed to a nailable substrate or
release agents, curing compounds, dust, dirt, frost, oil or structural members with the proper fasteners, ensuring that all
grease, efflorescence and laitance that would affect the EIFS boards abut tightly. Fastening pattern shall be in accordance
application. with the EIFS producer’s recommendation and local building
code requirements. When installed, the washer shall be left
11.7 Dryness:
flush with the face of the insulation board and shall not fracture
11.7.1 Newly constructed concrete or masonry surfaces
the face or core of insulation board.
shall be allowed to cure not less than 28 days prior to
application of the EIFS. Repaired areas on existing (aged)
14. Aesthetic Reveals
walls shall meet the same 28-day curing time.
11.7.2 Substrate surfaces shall be free of visible water. 14.1 Aesthetic reveals shall be cut into the insulation board
prior to applying the reinforcing mesh.
11.8 Metal Lath or Furring and Accessories—If metal lath
or furring and accessories are used, they shall be installed in 14.2 The insulation board thickness at the bottom of a reveal
conformance with Specification C1063, except lath edges and shall be not less than 3⁄4 in. (19.0 mm). Over open framing,
ends 2shall be butted and not lapped. Metal lath shall be 3.4 aesthetic reveals shall occur over framing or blocking.
lb/yd (1.3 kg/m2) self-furring, galvanized. 14.3 Aesthetic reveals shall be cut true and straight.
11.8.1 Metal members shall be properly attached, straight,
and true unless otherwise required by the system design. 14.4 Horizontal aesthetic reveal configuration shall provide
11.8.2 Metal members shall be free of rust, oil, or other for outward positive drainage.
foreign matter or contaminants, which cause bond failure or 14.5 Aesthetic reveals shall not occur at the abutment of two
unsightly discoloration. pieces of insulation board.
14.6 The reveal shall be reinforced with base coat and
12. Insulation Board Installation reinforcing mesh prior to application of the full base coat and
12.1 Method of Attachment shall be approved by the reinforcing mesh.
system producer and be in accordance with applicable building
code. 15. Reinforced Base Coat Application
12.2 Mechanical Attachment Method: 15.1 Inspect the insulation board surface to ensure that it is
12.2.1 Mechanical fasteners shall be installed into the fram- clean, dry, free of all foreign materials, and damage of any
ing or nailable substrate. type. Insulation board planar irregularities of more than 1⁄16 in.
12.2.2 Mechanical fasteners shall be corrosion resistant. (1.6 mm) shall be corrected. All board joints shall be tightly
Fastener type and spacing shall be in accordance with system abutted or shall be filled with an insulating material.
producer’s current published instructions. 15.2 Base Coat Preparation—All materials requiring field
NOTE 2—Specific consideration of building code wind load require- preparation shall be mixed in accordance with the EIFS
ments shall be given for mechanically fastened systems. producer’s specifications.

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15.3 Base Coat Application—The prepared base coat shall 15.12 Special Insulation Shapes—When special insulation
be uniformly spread over the entire surface of the insulation shapes are installed over EIFS, nonmetallic reinforcing mesh
board. encapsulated in the base coat shall be used to cover the shape.
15.4 Non Metallic Reinforcing Mesh—The single layer
reinforcing mesh shall be fully encapsulated in the field of the 16. Finish Coat Application
wall, at corners, edges, and joints. Trowel from the center to the 16.1 The reinforced base coat shall be allowed to dry and
edge of the reinforcing mesh to avoid wrinkles. The single harden for not less than 24 h prior to finish coat application
layer reinforcing mesh shall be continuous at all corners. unless specifically allowed by the EIFS producer.
15.4.1 The surface shall be free of voids, projections, trowel 16.2 Material Preparation—The finish coat shall be mixed
marks and other surface irregularities. The base coat thickness in accordance with the EIFS producer’s specifications. Only
shall be not less than 1⁄16 in. (1.6 mm) dry as measured from the clean potable water shall be added to adjust workability.
surface of the insulation board. The base coat shall be applied Always add the same amount of water to each container within
in two applications unless otherwise recommended by the a given lot of finish.
EIFS’s producer.
16.3 Execution—Finish shall be applied with a stainless
NOTE 3—The recommended method is to apply the base coat in two
steel trowel or appropriate equipment as specified by the EIFS
applications.
producer. Tools and equipment shall be kept clean at all times.
15.5 Reinforcing Mesh Overlap—All reinforcing mesh Finish shall be applied continuously to a natural break such as
edges shall be overlapped not less than 2 1⁄2 in. (64 mm). corners, joints or tape line. Apply finish to the base coat
15.6 Impact Layers—When required, higher impact perfor- maintaining a wet edge. Sufficient manpower and scaffolding
mance shall be achieved with multiple layers of reinforcing shall be provided to continuously finish a distinct wall area.
mesh or by incorporating heavier weight reinforcing mesh. All Scaffolding shall be spaced a distance from the wall, consistent
areas requiring higher impact performance shall be detailed on with safety standards, that will allow uniform texturing of the
the project plans and specifications. When overlapping of high finish without staging marks. On hot windy days, misting is
impact mesh is not required, a complete second layer of permitted with clean, potable water to cool the wall. Work shall
reinforcing mesh shall be applied over the layer of high impact precede the sun whenever possible. Water shall not be added to
mesh. the finish once it is applied to the wall. Use the same tool and
15.7 Corners—Reinforcing mesh shall not be lapped within hand motion and match the texture of the surrounding area. The
8 in. (200 mm) of any corner. finish coat thickness shall be as specified by the EIFS producer.
Protect all finish work from damage until fully dried.
15.8 Wall Penetrations—All edges of the insulation board at
penetrations of the EIFS, such as at windows, doors, HVAC 16.4 Sealant Joints—The application of finish into the
sleeves, pipes, ducts, electrical boxes, and at the base of the sealant joint is not allowed.
wall shall be wrapped with either the base coat and reinforcing
mesh or trim, or as specified by the project plans and 17. Curing Time Between Application Steps
specifications. Wall openings such as doors, windows, HVAC 17.1 Manufacturer’s recommendations for climatic
sleeves, shall be diagonally reinforced at corners with mesh not conditions, mixing and application practices to allow respec-
less than 9 in. (230 mm) by 12 in. (305 mm). tive coats sufficient time to cure or dry before any subsequent
15.8.1 The corners of returns to windows, doors, and similar coats are applied shall be followed. Each application step shall
wall openings shall have reinforcing mesh the full width of the be cured or dried to prevent degradation to the system integrity
return and extending not less than 21⁄2 in. (64 mm) on both with subsequent steps.
sides of the corner.
17.2 Auxiliary protection (tenting, supplemental heat, shad-
15.9 Expansion Joints—All edges of the insulation board at ing) from adverse environmental conditions shall be utilized to
expansion joints shall be wrapped with either the base coat and provide curing and drying conditions as recommended by the
reinforcing mesh or trim as specified by the EIFS producer for producer (see X1.8).
the particular EIFS. The reinforcing mesh shall be fully
17.3 All substrates shall be sound and cured or dry before
encapsulated.
continuing on to the next application step.
15.10 Aesthetic Reveal—The reinforcing mesh shall be
continuous and care shall be taken to ensure that the reinforc- 18. Clean Up
ing mesh is fully encapsulated into the reveal and that the
reinforcing mesh shall not be cut during application of the base 18.1 Adjacent materials, surfaces and the work area shall be
coat. cleaned of foreign materials resulting from the work.
15.11 Reinforced Base Coat—The reinforcing mesh shall be 18.2 All excess EIFS materials shall be removed from the
fully encapsulated in the base coat throughout the field of the job site.
wall, at corners, edges, and joints. The surface shall be free of
voids, projections, trowel marks and other surface irregulari- 19. Keywords
ties. 19.1 Class PI; EIFS; exterior insulation and finish system

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APPENDIXES

(Nonmandatory Information)

X1. GENERAL INFORMATION

INTRODUCTION

These appendixes give general information and also suggestions for inclusions to be made
elsewhere by the specifier. They are not part of this practice.

X1.1 General shall be clearly shown in large scale details. Parapet caps shall
X1.1.1 The work includes all labor, materials, services, be installed as soon as practical after the installation of the
equipment and scaffolding required to complete the EIFS EIFS.
installation on the project in accordance with the project X1.2.4 Provide for sealing of expansion joints, panel joints,
drawings and specifications, except electrical power and po- system terminations and all interfaces of the EIFS with other
table water. building components.
X1.1.2 Where a specific fire resistance rating is required for X1.2.5 At soffits, window and door heads provide for a drip
the EIFS assemblies and construction, details of construction edge.
shall be in accordance with official reports of tests conducted X1.2.6 Windows installed in EIFS walls shall have a sill pan
by recognized testing laboratories and a part of approved plans flashing of corrosion-resistant material.
and specifications. X1.2.7 The specifier shall evaluate the potential of the EIFS
X1.1.3 The installation of the EIFS is to be coordinated by surface being subjected to abnormal stresses or impacts.
the owner’s authorized agent with work of other trades. X1.2.8 Wall assemblies have properties that in certain
X1.1.4 Surfaces and accessories to receive EIFS compo- applications make a dew point analysis critical to ensure
nents shall be examined and accepted as provided in 11.2 successful performance of the wall system. The specifier shall
before the EIFS components are installed thereto. The proper evaluate these conditions.
authorities shall be notified about unacceptable conditions. The X1.2.9 Sheathing must be continuous over floor slabs,
unsatisfactory conditions shall be corrected prior to the appli- intersecting walls, columns, beams and similar constructions.
cation of the EIFS components. Unsatisfactory conditions shall The EIFS shall not be installed over areas without sheathing. If
be corrected by the party or parties responsible for such the sheathing cannot be continuous, the installation of expan-
conditions. sion joints shall be considered.
X1.1.5 The construction specifier shall describe, in the X1.2.10 Where the sheathing is interrupted or out of plane,
proper section of the project specifications, the physical char- corrections must be made prior to EIFS application.
acteristics of the surfaces to receive the EIFS. X1.2.11 A weather resistive barrier and flashings may be
required and specified in moisture and water sensitive con-
X1.2 Design Considerations struction. The EIFS producer, architect, and specifier shall
X1.2.1 EIFS are attached to outside surfaces of all types of evaluate the conditions and determine the need.
structures to provide weather resistant, energy efficient, and
durable claddings. The claddings will be subjected to various X1.3 Relief From Stress
exposures such as abrasion, vibration, moisture, freezing, X1.3.1 Where the EIFS and dissimilar types of substrates,
thawing, negative and positive wind loading , ultraviolet light, materials and building components interface, provide for
acid rain, thermally induced expansion and contraction, and appropriate size and location of expansion joints.
impact. X1.3.2 Where roof elevations change, provide for appropri-
X1.2.2 Provide sufficient slope on faces of EIFS surfaces to ate size and location of expansion joints.
prevent water, snow or ice from accumulating or standing. A X1.4 Bonding Agents
minimum 6 in. (152 mm) in 12 in. (305 mm) (1:2) pitch is
recommended. Length of sloped surfaces shall not be more X1.4.1 Bonding compounds or agents are sometimes ap-
than 12 in. (305 mm). plied to the insulation board surface prior to base coat
application. Follow the EIFS producer’s instructions and speci-
X1.2.3 Provide parapet cap made only from corrosion fications for their use.
resistant materials. The parapet cap shall extend not less than
21⁄2 in. (64 mm) over the faces of the EIFS, not including wood X1.5 Mechanical Fasteners
blocking and include a drip edge detail. Detailed requirements X1.5.1 The types of mechanical fasteners used and the
for furnishing and installing the parapet cap shall be in the methods of installation will vary depending upon the substrate
appropriate section of the project specifications. Parapet caps to which the insulation boards are to be fastened.

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X1.5.2 Fastener washers shall be installed flush with the X1.7.3 To provide some guidance, the following categories
insulation board surface. are generally understood and recognized to imply a particular
X1.5.3 Fastener spacing shall be specified by the design method of application or finished appearance.
professional consistent with wind load requirements and the X1.7.3.1 Sand Finish—A finish material devoid of coarse
local building code on the specific project. aggregate applied in a thin coat completely covering the base
coat and floated to a true plane, yielding a relatively fine-
X1.6 Reinforced Base Coats textured finish.
X1.7.3.2 Trowel Texture—A freshly applied finish is given
X1.6.1 Base coat thickness is permitted to exceed 1⁄16 in. various textures, designs or stippled effects by hand motion and
(1.6 mm) dry depending on the type of base coat used and the trowel used. The effects achieved are individualized and it is
impact resistance specified. sometimes difficult for different applicators to duplicate.
X1.6.2 A small amount of base coat shrinkage is normal. X1.7.3.3 Standard Finish—A finish with various size
Due to color variations, a very slight telegraphing of the aggregates, applied in a thin coat completely covering the base
reinforcing mesh pattern may appear after the base coat cures. coat and floated in a random pattern. The applicators are
Bare mesh shall not be visible and the mesh pattern shall not be cautioned to use the same type texturing tools to help ensure a
tactile. consistent texture.
X1.7.3.4 Exposed Aggregate—Varying sizes of natural or
X1.6.3 The producer’s instructions shall be followed to
manufactured stone, gravel, shell or ceramic aggregates are
ensure that the base coat and cement are properly proportioned.
embedded by hand or by machine propulsion into a freshly
The proper portioning of cement-based material is important.
applied “bed coat.” The size of the aggregate shall not be more
Excess cement may cause the base coat to become hard and
than 1⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) diameter. The size of the aggregate
stiff as the cement hydrates over time.
determines the thickness of the bedding coat. The bedding coat
X1.6.4 The minimum amount of mix water to form a shall be no less than one-half the thickness of the aggregate to
workable mix shall be used. Excess mix water causes the base be embedded.
coat to be porous, less weather resistant, and contribute to X1.7.3.5 Spray Texture—A machine applied finish material.
shrinkage. Never add more water than recommended by the The texture achieved depends on many factors some of which
producer. Measure water in containers of known volume. are the consistency of the sprayed mixture, the angle and
X1.6.5 Mix materials only at low speed with paddles distance of the spray nozzle to the surface, the pressure of the
designed to reduce air entrapment. machine, orifice size used, operator expertise, climatic condi-
tions (wind specifically), and base coat conditions.
X1.6.6 Generally, when applying 2 layers of mesh, the X1.7.3.6 Miscellaneous Types—Similar to trowel textures
second base coat layer is applied as soon as the first layer has except that the freshly applied finish is textured with instru-
dried sufficiently to receive the second base coat application. ments other than a trowel, such as swept with a broom or brush,
Depending upon material composition and weather conditions, or corrugated by raking or combing. A variation of texturing a
this sometimes occurs within the first 24 h after the completion finish involves waiting until the applied finish has partially
of the application of the initial base coat, and, in some cases, it dried and then lightly troweling the unevenly applied finish.
will require waiting until the following day. The effects achieved are sometimes difficult for different
X1.6.7 Trowel aesthetic reveals and corners with a trowel applicators to duplicate.
shaped to fit the profiles.
X1.8 Conditions for EIFS Application
X1.7 Finish Textures X1.8.1 The amount of water used to mix materials is to be
X1.7.1 Textures, as a description of surface appearance, within the allowable range published by the EIFS producer.
generally are identified with the method and tools used to Factors such as the drying conditions and finishing operations
achieve the finish appearance. Texture is sometimes varied by must be considered in determining water usage. The applicator
the size and shape of the aggregate contained in the finish, is cautioned that the use of excessive water results in fall off or
equipment or tools employed, the consistency of the finish mix, slide off, excessive shrinkage, higher porosity, lower strength,
the condition of the base to which it is applied and by and inconsistent color.
decorative and protective treatments. X1.8.2 Timing between coats will vary with climatic con-
X1.7.2 With almost limitless variations possible for finish ditions and types of materials used. Temperature and relative
appearance or texture, the same term sometimes does not have humidity extend or reduce the curing and drying time. Cold or
the same meaning to the specifier, contractor or applicator. wet weather lengthens and hot or dry weather shortens the
Sample panels of sufficient size including components and drying period. Moderate changes in temperature and relative
features specified shall be constructed using the methods, tools humidity are overcome by providing additional heating during
and techniques to be used in the actual construction. It is cold weather and by pre-wetting the base during hot, dry
recommended that in the case of prefabrication, two panels be weather.
constructed. One panel remains at the jobsite. One panel X1.8.3 Heated enclosures require adequate air circulation to
remains at the fabrication site. The samples shall be approved prevent hot or cold spots that allow too rapid drying or
by the architect and owner in writing. freezing. When using heated enclosures it is important to

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 C1535 − 05 (2017)
control the relative humidity as well as the temperature. one plane to another, dissimilar materials, or other building
Maintain relative humidity at not more than 90 %. components, are minimized by providing sufficient depth and
X1.8.4 Staining and discoloration of finishes or other build- angle for drip caps and drip edges.
ing components that are caused by free water draining from

X2. SEALANT SYSTEMS

X2.1 The size and location of joints and selection of the X2.3 The sealant system is recommended by the EIFS and
sealant to be used is the responsibility of the design profes- sealant producer. Non-recommended sealant systems must be
sional and shall be consistent with project conditions and jointly approved by the architect and the sealant producer.
guidelines of the EIFS producer. See Guide C1472 for guid-
ance. X2.4 Base the joint design and surface preparation on the
sealant producer’s recommendations and project conditions.
X2.2 The sealant system must be tested for compatibility See Guide C1481 for guidance.
with the specified EIFS by an independent laboratory and
found to be compatible with the EIFS. See Test Method C1382 X2.5 Allow the EIFS material to cure prior to sealant
for guidance. system installation.

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee C11 has identified the location of selected changes to this practice since the last issue, C1535 – 04,
that may impact the use of this practice. (Approved October 1, 2005)

(1) Added Specification C1325 to Referenced Documents. (2) Added new paragraph 11.3.11.

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