This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles

for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Designation: C1516 − 05 (Reapproved 2017)

Standard Practice for

Application of Direct-Applied Exterior Finish Systems1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1516; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope* C1177/C1177M Specification for Glass Mat Gypsum Sub-

1.1 This practice covers the minimum requirements and strate for Use as Sheathing
procedures for field application of Direct-applied Exterior C1186 Specification for Flat Fiber-Cement Sheets
Finish Systems (DEFS). Direct-applied exterior finish systems C1278/C1278M Specification for Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum
are coating systems applied over various substrates with Panel
non-metallic reinforcing mesh, in which the base coat ranges C1325 Specification for Non-Asbestos Fiber-Mat Rein-
from not less than 1⁄16 in. (1.6 mm) to 3⁄32 in. (2.4 mm) in dry forced Cementitious Backer Units
thickness, depending on the mass of the reinforcing mesh. This E1825 Guide for Evaluation of Exterior Building Wall
base coat is subsequently covered with a finish coat that is Materials, Products, and Systems
available in a variety of textures and colors.
3. Terminology
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as the standard. The metric values given in parentheses are 3.1 Definitions used in this standard shall be in accordance
approximate and are provided for information purposes only. with Terminology C11.
1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, opera- 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
tions and equipment. This standard does not purport to address 3.2.1 accessories, n—preformed metal, fiberglass or plastic
all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is members used to form corners, edges, control joints, or
the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish decorative effects.
appropriate safety and health practices and determine the
3.2.2 back wrapping, n—a deprecated term. See wrap.
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- 3.2.3 base coat, n—a material, either factory or field-mixed,
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- used to cover the substrate and to encapsulate the reinforcing
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the mesh.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- 3.2.4 cold joint, n—the visible junction in an exterior finish.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 3.2.5 cure, v—to develop the ultimate properties of a wet
state material by a chemical process.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2.6 dry, v—to develop the ultimate properties of a wet
2.1 ASTM Standards:2 state material solely by evaporation of volatile ingredients.
C11 Terminology Relating to Gypsum and Related Building
Materials and Systems 3.2.7 durability, n—the capability of a building, assembly,
C1063 Specification for Installation of Lathing and Furring component, product, or construction to maintain serviceability
to Receive Interior and Exterior Portland Cement-Based over not less than a specified time.
Plaster 3.2.8 embed, v—to encapsulate a non-metallic reinforcing
mesh in either the joint compound or exterior finish.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C11 on Gypsum 3.2.9 expansion joint, n—a structural separation between
and Related Building Materials and Systems and is the direct responsibility of building elements that allows independent movement without
Subcommittee C11.05 on Application of Exterior Insulating and Finish Systems and
Related Products.
damage to the assembly.
Current edition approved April 1, 2017. Published April 2017. Originally 3.2.10 factory mixed, n—a material that is prepared at the
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C1516 – 05 (2011).
DOI: 10.1520/C1516-05R17. point of manufacture and is ready to use without the addition
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or of other materials, except possibly water to adjust consistency.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 3.2.11 field mix, n—a material that is mixed in the field with
the ASTM website. other components, water, or both.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

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3.2.12 finish coat, n—the final wet state material, that 5. Delivery of Materials
provides color or additional texture, applied over the reinforced
5.1 All materials shall be delivered in packages, containers,
base coat.
or bundles with the identification and markings intact.
3.2.13 flash set (quick set), n—the early hardening or
stiffness in the working characteristics of a Portland-cement 6. Inspection
paste, mortar, or concrete, usually with the evolution of
6.1 Inspection of the materials shall be agreed upon between
considerable heat; stiffness cannot be dispelled nor the plastic-
the purchaser and the supplier as part of the purchase agree-
ity regained by further mixing without addition of water; also
ment.
known as “quick set.”
3.2.14 framing member, n—studs, joist, runners (tracks), 7. Rejection
bridging, bracing, and related accessories manufactured or
supplied in wood or hot or cold formed steel. 7.1 Materials that are damaged, frozen or in any way
defective shall not be used. Rejection of materials shall be
3.2.15 initial grab, n—the ability of a wet state material to promptly reported verbally to the producer and immediately
remain in place initially after it has been applied. reported in writing. The notice of rejection shall contain a
3.2.16 initial set, n—a time related set caused by the statement documenting the basis for material rejection.
hydration process.
8. Certification
3.2.17 lamina, n—composite of base coat, reinforcement,
and finish coat. 8.1 When specified in the contract documents, the exterior
finish producer shall furnish a report certifying that the
3.2.18 mechanical fastener, n—corrosion resistant compo- materials are in conformance with product and material stan-
nent used to attach the substrate to the framing member. dards and contract documents.
3.2.19 reinforcing mesh, n—a non-metallic component of 8.2 The substrate panels shall be marked as complying with
the DEFS encapsulated in the base coat to strengthen the the applicable product specification.
system.
3.2.19.1 Discussion—Non-metallic reinforcing mesh is 9. Storage of Materials
available in various weights to achieve different levels of
impact and stress resistance. 9.1 All materials shall be kept dry by storage under cover
and protected from the weather.
3.2.20 pot life, n—the duration of time that the wet state 9.1.1 When outside storage is required, substrate panels
material remains workable after it has been mixed. shall be stacked flat with care taken to avoid damage to edges,
3.2.21 primers, n—liquid coatings applied to improve the ends, or surfaces.
adhesion of the DEFS to the substrate. 9.1.2 All other DEFS components shall be stacked off the
3.2.21.1 Discussion—Primers are sometimes applied to im- ground, supported on a level platform and protected from the
prove the water resistance of cementitious base coats. direct sunlight, weather, surface contamination or physical
damage in accordance with the DEFS producer’s written
3.2.22 reinforced base coat, n—base coat that has been
instructions.
reinforced with a non-metallic reinforcing mesh.
9.2 Materials shall be protected from exposure to tempera-
3.2.23 substrate, n—surface to which the DEFS is applied.
tures less than 40°F (4°C), unless otherwise specified by the
3.2.24 surface sealer, n—material used to enhance weather manufacturer.
resistance.
9.3 Portland Cement shall be kept dry until ready for use. It
3.2.25 temper, v—to bring to a workable state by adding shall be kept off the ground, under cover and away from damp
water. walls and surfaces.
3.2.26 texture, n—any surface appearance as contrasted to a
smooth surface. 10. Environmental Conditions
3.2.27 wet edge, n—the leading edge of a continuously 10.1 Cold Weather Conditions:
applied wet state material. 10.1.1 Wet materials shall not be applied when the tempera-
ture is less than 40°F (4°C) unless temporary heat and
3.2.28 wet state materials, n—the adhesive, base coat and
enclosures are provided to maintain a minimum temperature of
finish coat components applied in liquid or semi-liquid state.
40°F (4°C) for a minimum period of not less than 24 h before,
during and after application or unless otherwise specified by
4. Significance and Use the manufacturer.
4.1 This practice provides minimum requirements for the 10.1.2 Materials shall not be applied to a base containing
application of Direct-applied Exterior Finish Systems. The frost. Substrate surface temperature shall be not less than 40°F
requirements for materials, mixtures, and details shall be (4°C) unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer. Mixtures
contained in the project plans and specifications. for application shall not contain any frozen ingredients.

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11. Assessment of Condition of Substrates to Receive 11.7 Substrate Condition—There shall be no visible water.
Direct Exterior and Finish Systems 11.8 If furring or accessories are used, they shall be installed
11.1 The substrate shall be as required by the project plans in conformance with Specification C1063.
and specifications and as specified by the DEFS producer for 11.8.1 These members shall be properly attached, straight,
the particular system. and true unless required by the system design.
11.2 The substrate shall be inspected by the applicator and 11.8.2 All accessories shall be free of rust, oil, or other
general contractor to ensure that it meets the project plans and foreign matter or contaminants, which cause bond failure or
specifications and the requirements of 11.3 – 11.8.2. unsightly discoloration.
11.3 Sheathing materials shall be inspected to ensure that:
12. Reinforced Base Coat Application
11.3.1 The specified sheathing thickness has been installed
for the stud spacing used. 12.1 Inspect the substrate panel surface to ensure that it is
11.3.2 Fastener type and fastener spacing are as specified. clean, dry, free of all foreign materials, and damage of any
11.3.3 Water-resistant exterior fiber-reinforced gypsum type. Substrate panel planar irregularities of more than 1⁄16 in.
sheathing panels complying with Specification C1278/ (1.6 mm) shall be corrected. All panel joints shall be tightly
C1278M, shall be installed in accordance with the sheet abutted or shall be filled with recommended joint bedding
producer’s written installation instructions, which include de- material.
tails of framing type and spacing, fastener type and spacing, 12.2 Base Coat Preparation—All materials requiring field
and sheet orientation and spacing. preparation shall be mixed in accordance with the DEFS
11.3.4 Glass mat gypsum sheathing complying with Speci- producer’s specifications.
fication C1177/C1177M, shall be installed in accordance with
12.3 Base Coat Application—The prepared base coat shall
the sheet producer’s written installation instructions, which
be uniformly spread over the entire surface of the substrate
include details of framing type and spacing, fastener type and
panel.
spacing, and sheet orientation and spacing.
11.3.5 Fiber-cement sheets complying with Specification 12.4 Reinforcing Mesh—The single layer reinforcing mesh,
C1186, Type A, shall be installed in accordance with the sheet when specified, shall be fully encapsulated in the field of the
producer’s written installation instructions, which include de- wall, at corners, edges, and joints. Trowel from the center to the
tails of framing type and spacing, fastener type and spacing, edge of the reinforcing mesh to avoid wrinkles. The single
and sheet orientation and spacing. layer reinforcing mesh shall be continuous at all corners.
11.3.6 Fiber-mat reinforced cement sheets complying with NOTE 1—The recommended method is to apply the base coat in two
Specification C1325, type A, shall be installed in accordance applications.
with the sheet producer’s written installation instructions,
which include details of framing type and spacing, fastener 12.4.1 The surface shall be free of voids, projections, trowel
type and spacing, and sheet orientation and spacing. marks and other surface irregularities. The base coat thickness
shall be not less than 1⁄16 in. (1.6 mm) dry as measured from the
11.4 Alignment—All substrate surfaces shall be straight and surface of the substrate panel.
true within 1⁄4 in. in 10 ft. (2 mm/m). More stringent require-
ments by the DEFS producer shall supersede the above stated 12.5 Reinforcing Mesh Overlap—-- All reinforcing mesh
requirements. edges shall be overlapped not less than 21⁄2 in. (64 mm).

11.5 Suitability for Use—The substrate surface shall be firm, 12.6 Impact Layers—When required, higher impact perfor-
sound, and undamaged in order to receive the exterior finish. mance shall be achieved with multiple layers of reinforcing
11.5.1 Broken, cracked or delaminated substrate boards mesh or by incorporating heavier weight reinforcing mesh. All
shall be replaced or restored to a condition equal to adjacent areas requiring higher impact performance shall be detailed on
undamaged boards. the project plans and specifications. When overlapping of high
impact mesh is not required, a complete second layer of
11.6 Cleanliness—The surface of all substrates shall be reinforcing mesh shall be applied over the layer of high impact
clean and free from any foreign materials such as form release mesh.
agents, curing compounds, dust, dirt, frost, oil or grease,
efflorescence and laitance. 12.7 Corners—Reinforcing mesh shall not be lapped within
11.6.1 All substrate panels shall have all loose dirt and dust 8 in. (204 mm) of any corner.
removed by cleaning methods appropriate for the job and job 12.8 Wall Penetrations—All edges of the substrate panel
conditions. board at penetrations of the DEFS, such as at windows, doors,
11.6.2 Efflorescence and laitance on substrate panels shall Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) sleeves,
be removed prior to exterior finish application. Heavy deposits pipes, duct, electrical boxes, and at the base of the wall shall be
shall be removed using hand or power impact tools followed by wrapped with either the base coat and reinforcing mesh or trim,
washing with an appropriate cleaner. Light deposits shall be or as specified by the project plans and specifications. Wall
removed by washing with an appropriate cleaner. All loose openings such as doors, windows, HVAC sleeves, shall be
particles and cleaner residue shall be removed by washing with diagonally reinforced at corners with mesh not less than 9 in.
clean, potable water. The surface shall be allowed to dry. (230 mm) by 12 in. (305 mm).

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12.8.1 The corners of returns to windows, doors, and similar folding shall be spaced a distance from the wall, consistent
wall openings shall have reinforcing mesh the full width of the with safety standards, that allows uniform texturing of the
return and extending not less than 21⁄2 in. (64 mm) on both finish without staging marks. On hot windy days, it shall be
sides of the corner. permitted to fog the wall with clean, potable water to cool the
12.9 Expansion Joints—All edges of the substrate panels at wall. Work shall precede the sun whenever possible. Water
expansion joints shall be wrapped with either the base coat and shall not be added to the finish once it is applied to the wall.
reinforcing mesh or trim as specified by the DEFS producer for Use the same tool and hand motion and match the texture of the
the particular system. The reinforcing mesh shall be fully surrounding area. The finish coat thickness shall be as specified
encapsulated. by the DEFS producer. Protect all finish work from damage
until fully dried.
12.10 Reinforcing Mesh—The reinforcing mesh shall be
fully encapsulated in the base coat throughout the field of the 13.4 Joints—The application of finish coat into the joints
wall, at corners, edges, and joints. The surface shall be free of shall be as required by the project plans and specifications.
voids, projections, trowel marks and other surface irregulari- 14. Curing Time Between Application Steps
ties.
14.1 Manufacturer’s recommendations for climatic
12.11 Special Architectural Shapes—When special EPS (ex- conditions, mixing and application practices to allow respec-
panded polystyrene) architectural shapes are installed, glass tive coats sufficient time to cure or dry before any subsequent
fiber reinforcing mesh encapsulated in the base coat shall be coats are applied shall be followed. Each application step shall
used. be permitted to cure or dry to prevent degradation to the system
13. Finish Coat Application integrity with subsequent steps.
13.1 The reinforced base coat shall be allowed to dry and 14.2 Auxiliary protection (tenting, supplemental heat, shad-
harden for not less than 24 h prior to finish coat application. ing) from adverse environmental conditions shall be utilized to
provide expected curing or drying conditions as recommended
13.2 Material Preparation—The finish coat shall be mixed by the DEFS manufacturer.
in accordance with the DEFS producer’s specifications. Only
clean potable water shall be added to adjust workability. 14.3 All substrates shall be sound and cured or dry before
Always add the same amount of water to each container within continuing on to the next application step.
a given lot of finish.
15. Clean Up
13.3 Execution—Reinforcing base coat and finish coats
15.1 Adjacent materials, surfaces and the work area shall be
shall be applied with a stainless steel trowel or appropriate
cleaned of foreign materials resulting from the work.
equipment as specified by the DEFS producer. Tools and
equipment shall be kept clean. Finish coat shall be applied 15.2 All excess DEFS materials shall be removed from the
continuously to a natural break such as corners, joints or tape job site.
line. Apply supplementary finishes to the exterior finish main-
taining a wet edge. Sufficient manpower and scaffolding shall 16. Keywords
be provided to continuously finish a distinct wall area. Scaf- 16.1 DEFS; direct-applied; exterior finish

APPENDIXES

(Nonmandatory Information)

X1. GENERAL INFORMATION

INTRODUCTION

These Appendixes give general information and also suggestions for inclusions to be made
elsewhere by the specifier. They are not part of this practice.

X1.1 General shall be in accordance with official reports of tests conducted

X1.1.1 The work includes all labor, materials, services, by recognized testing laboratories and a part of approved plans
equipment and scaffolding required to complete the DEFS and specifications.
installation on the project in accordance with the project X1.1.3 The installation of the DEFS is to be coordinated by
drawings and specifications, except electrical power and po- the owner’s authorized agent with work of other trades.
table water. X1.1.4 Surfaces and accessories to receive DEFS compo-
X1.1.2 Where a specific fire resistance rating is required for nents shall be examined and accepted as provided in 11.1
the DEFS assemblies and construction, details of construction before the DEFS components are installed thereto. The proper

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authorities shall be notified about unacceptable conditions. The X1.3 Relief From Stress
unsatisfactory conditions shall be corrected prior to the appli- X1.3.1 Where the DEFS and dissimilar types of substrates,
cation of the DEFS components. Unsatisfactory conditions materials and building components interface, provide for
shall be corrected by the party(ies) responsible for such appropriate size and location of expansion joints.
conditions.
X1.3.2 Where roof elevations change, provide for appropri-
X1.1.5 The construction specifier shall describe, in the ate size and location of expansion joints.
proper section of the project specifications, the physical char-
acteristics of the surfaces to receive the DEFS. X1.4 Bonding Agents
X1.2 Design Considerations X1.4.1 Bonding compounds or agents are sometimes ap-
plied to a substrate panel surface to receive exterior finish.
X1.2.1 Guidance, for design professionals, for determining
Follow the DEFS producer’s instructions and specifications for
the suitability and use of direct-applied exterior finish systems,
their use.
as an exterior building wall, is contained in Guide E1825.
DEFS are attached to outside substrates of all types of X1.5 Mechanical Fasteners
structures to provide weather resistant and durable surfaces.
The surfaces will be subjected to various exposures such as X1.5.1 The types of mechanical fasteners used and the
abrasion, vibration, moisture, freezing, thawing, negative and methods of installation will vary depending on the framing to
positive wind loading , ultraviolet light, acid rain, thermally which the substrate panels are to be fastened.
induced expansion and contraction, and impact.
X1.6 Reinforced Exterior Finish
X1.2.2 Provide sufficient slope on faces of DEFS surfaces to
X1.6.1 The basecoat thickness is permitted to exceed 3⁄32 in.
prevent water, snow or ice from accumulating or standing. A
(2.4 mm) dry depending on the type of reinforcing mesh and
minimum 6 in. (152 mm) in 12 in. (305 mm) (1:2) pitch is
number of layers.
recommended. Length of sloped surfaces shall not be more
than 12 in. (305 mm). X1.6.2 A small amount of basecoat shrinkage is normal.
Bare mesh shall not be visible.
X1.2.3 Provide parapet cap made only from corrosion
resistant materials. The parapet cap shall extend not less than X1.6.3 The proper portioning of hydraulic cement-based
21⁄2 in. (64 mm) over the faces of the DEFS, not including material is important. The producer’s instructions shall be
wood blocking and include a drip edge detail. Detailed followed to ensure that the base coat cement is properly
requirements for furnishing and installing the parapet cap shall proportioned.
be in the appropriate section of the project specifications. X1.6.4 The minimum amount of mix water to form a
Parapet caps shall be clearly shown in large scale details. workable mix shall be used. Excess mix water causes the base
Parapet caps shall be installed as soon as practical after the coat to be porous and less weather resistant. Never add more
installation of the DEFS. water than recommended by the producer. Measure water in
X1.2.4 Provide for sealing of expansion joints, panel joints, containers of known volume.
system terminations and all interfaces of the DEFS with other X1.6.5 Mix materials only at low speed with paddles
building components. designed to reduce air entrapment.
X1.2.5 At soffits, window and door heads provide for a drip X1.6.6 Generally, the finish coat is applied after the base
edge. coat has sufficiently cured.
X1.2.6 Sills and headers shall be flashed.
X1.7 Finish Textures
X1.2.7 Windows installed in DEFS walls shall have sill pan
flashing of corrosion-resistant material. X1.7.1 Textures, as a description of surface appearance,
generally are identified with the method and tools used to
X1.2.8 The specifier shall evaluate the potential of the achieve the finish appearance. Texture is sometimes varied by
DEFS surface being subjected to abnormal stresses or impacts. the size and shape of the aggregate contained in the finish,
X1.2.9 Wall assemblies have properties that in certain equipment or tools employed, the consistency of the finish mix,
applications make a dew point analysis critical to ensure the condition of the base to which it is applied and by
successful performance of the wall system. The specifier shall decorative and protective treatments.
evaluate these conditions. X1.7.2 With almost limitless variations possible for finish
X1.2.10 Substrate panels must be continuous over floor appearance or texture, the same term sometimes does not have
slabs, intersecting walls, columns, beams and similar construc- the same meaning to the specifier, contractor or applicator.
tions. The DEFS shall not be installed over areas without Sample panels of sufficient size including components and
substrate panels. features specified shall be constructed using the methods, tools
X1.2.11 Where the substrate panel is interrupted or out of and techniques to be used in the actual construction.
plane, corrections must be made prior to DEFS application. If X1.7.3 To provide some guidance, the following categories
the substrate panel cannot be continuous, the installation of are generally understood and recognized to imply a particular
expansion joints shall be considered. method of application or finished appearance.

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X1.7.3.1 Sand Finish—A finish material devoid of coarse finish involves waiting until the applied finish has partially
aggregate applied in a thin coat completely covering the base dried and then lightly troweling the unevenly applied finish.
coat and floated to a true plane, yielding a relatively fine- The effects achieved are sometimes difficult for different
textured finish. applicators to duplicate.
X1.7.3.2 Trowel Texture—A freshly applied finish is given
various textures, designs or stippled effects by hand motion and X1.8 Conditions for DEFS Application
trowel used. The effects achieved are individualized and it is X1.8.1 The amount of water used to mix materials is to be
sometimes difficult for different applicators to duplicate. within the allowable range published by the DEFS producer.
X1.7.3.3 Standard Finish—A finish with various size Factors such as the drying conditions and finishing operations
aggregates, applied in a thin coat completely covering the base must be considered in determining water usage. The applicator
coat and floated in a random pattern. The applicators are is cautioned that the use of excessive water results in fall off or
cautioned to use the same type texturing tools to help ensure a slide off, excessive shrinkage, higher porosity, lower strength,
consistent texture. and inconsistent color.
X1.7.3.4 Exposed Aggregate—Varying sizes of natural or X1.8.2 Timing between coats varies with climatic condi-
manufactured stone, gravel, shell or ceramic aggregates are tions and types of materials used. Temperature and relative
embedded by hand or by machine propulsion into a freshly humidity extend or reduce the curing and drying times. Cold or
applied “bed coat.” The size of the aggregate shall not be more wet weather lengthens and hot or dry weather shortens these
than 1⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) diameter. The size of the aggregate periods. Moderate changes in temperature and relative humid-
determines the thickness of the bedding coat. The bedding coat ity are overcome by providing additional heating during cold
shall be no less than one-half the thickness of the aggregate to weather and by pre-wetting the base during hot, dry weather.
be embedded.
X1.7.3.5 Spray Texture—A machine applied finish material. X1.8.3 Heated enclosures require adequate air circulation to
The texture achieved depends on many factors some of which prevent hot or cold spots that allow too rapid drying or
are the consistency of the sprayed mixture, the angle and freezing. When using heated enclosures it is important to
distance of the spray nozzle to the surface, the pressure of the control the relative humidity as well as the temperature.
machine, orifice size used, operator expertise, climatic condi- Maintain relative humidity at not more than 90 percent.
tions (wind specifically), and base coat conditions. X1.8.4 Staining and discoloration of finishes or other build-
X1.7.3.6 Miscellaneous Types—Similar to trowel textures ing components that are caused by free water draining from
except that the freshly applied finish is textured with instru- one plane to another, dissimilar materials, or other building
ments other than a trowel, such as swept with a broom or brush, components, are minimized by providing sufficient depth and
or corrugated by raking or combing. A variation of texturing a angle for drip caps and drip edges.

X2. SEALANT SYSTEMS

X2.1 The size and location of joints and selection of the jointly approved by the Architect and the sealant producer.
sealant to be used is responsibility of the Design Professional
and shall be consistent with project conditions and guidelines X2.4 Base the joint design and surface preparation on the
of the DEFS producer. sealant producer’s recommendations and project conditions.
X2.2 The sealant system must be tested for compatibility X2.5 Allow the DEFS material to cure prior to sealant
with the specified DEFS by an independent laboratory and system installation.
found to be compatible with the DEFS.
X2.3 The sealant system is recommended by the DEFS and
Sealant producer. Non recommended sealant systems must be

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SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee C11 has identified the location of selected changes to this practice since the last issue, C1516 – 02,
that may impact the use of this practice. (Approved October 1, 2005)

(1) Added Specification C1325 to Referenced Documents. (2) Added new paragraph 11.3.6.

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