Repair Manual 06-09-10

FIRESTONE BUILDING PRODUCTS
ROOF INSPECTION, MAINTENANCE & REPAIR GUIDE
CONTENTS:
Section: Topic:
I.
II.
III.
Page:
ROOF INSPECTION & MAINTENANCE

ROOF REPAIR & RENOVATION
FIRESTONE ROOF MAINTENANCE SERVICE
2
14
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FIRESTONE BUILDING PRODUCTS COMPANY

Roof Inspection, Maintenance & Repair Guide
Interim Updates at www.firestonebpco.com
Revision No. 2 06/09/10
1
SECTION I
ROOF INSPECTION & MAINTENANCE
All roofs require periodic inspection and maintenance in order to perform as designed and to
provide a long and effective service life. Periodic inspection and maintenance is also typically
required by roofing system manufacturers to keep roofing warranties in full force and effect.
Although all building owners should establish a periodic roof inspection program, inspection and
maintenance of any roof should be undertaken only by qualified persons who are familiar with safe
roofing practices, including all applicable occupational, health and safety regulations relating to the
roofing and construction industries.
Modern roofing systems contain a wide variety of components and installation techniques. All roof
inspections should be conducted by a licensed roofing contractor or similar roofing professional.
Typically, two inspections should be conducted each year, one in the spring and one in the late fall.
If the roof is warranted, at least one roof inspection each year should be conducted by the licensed
contractor who originally installed the roof.
Please note that the cost of periodic inspection is typically not included in the original cost of a
manufacturers warranty. Accordingly, the building owner should contact a licensed contractor to
obtain a proposal for ongoing inspection and maintenance services.
For additional information, including the most current details and specifications, please refer to the
Firestone Technical Database at www.firestonebpco.com.

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INDEX TO INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE GUIDELINES:

Section:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
Subject:
Roof Traffic
Contaminants
Drainage
Wind Storm Damage
Moisture Infiltration
Roof Membrane Seams
Base Attachments
Roof Inspection Checklist
Page:
3
5
6
7
9
10
11
13
A. Inspecting For ...............ROOF TRAFFIC

INTRODUCTION:
The Firestone Roofing System is designed to be a waterproofing component not a traffic bearing
component of the building envelope. However, almost all roofing systems are subjected to some
amount of foot traffic. Typically, roof traffic is necessary to service roof-top equipment.
Occasionally, roofs may also be subjected to unauthorized foot traffic. Because roof traffic can
damage the roofing system, periodic inspection is very important to assure that any damage is
identified and addressed quickly.
WHERE TO LOOK:
1. Roof Access Points. The roof surface area immediately adjacent to a point of access, such as
a ladder, hatch or door typically receives more foot traffic than any other area of the roof.
2. Walkways and "Natural" Pathways. Even if a walkway system is provided, always look for
the "natural" pathway, or the most direct route between access points and areas of frequent
maintenance. If roof walkways are installed in a square or right angle configuration, look
for diagonal "short cuts" between adjoining walkways.
3. Rooftop Mechanical Equipment. Look around any equipment that requires periodic service.
4. Litter. The presence of bottles, cans or other litter is usually an indication of roof traffic and
use.

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WHAT TO LOOK FOR:

1. Cuts & Punctures. Small cuts in a roofing membrane are difficult to detect if the membrane
is covered with a layer of dust or dirt. If cuts and punctures are suspected, the membrane
should be cleaned with water and inspected. Cuts and punctures may produce small bubbles
in a film of water as pressure is applied to the surface of the membrane.
2. Compressed or Crushed Roof Insulation. Most roof insulations have relatively low
compressive strengths and can easily be compressed or crushed if traffic loads exceed the
strength of the insulation. Crushed insulation can be indicated by the presence of
ponding water and "tented" insulation fasteners which did not compress along with the
insulation.
REMEDIAL ACTIONS:
1. Emergency Repair of Small Cuts & Punctures. Most single-ply cuts and punctures can be
repaired temporarily by covering the cut or puncture with duct tape, construction grade
butyl caulk, or silicone. Clean the membrane around the cut with a non-abrasive cleaner
and apply a piece of duct tape extending beyond the cut or puncture at least one inch in all
directions. Most cuts and punctures in asphalt membranes can be repaired temporarily by
applying plastic roof cement to the affected area. Make arrangements for a permanent
repair as soon as possible.
2. Permanent Repair of Cuts & Punctures. Permanent repair of cuts and punctures should be
performed by a licensed roofing contractor. ( See Section II. )
3. Compressed or Crushed Roof Insulation. Insulation which has been crushed should be
replaced with new insulation. Because this procedure will also require extensive repairs to
the roofing membrane, this work should be performed by a licensed roofing contractor.
PREVENTATIVE ACTIONS:
1. Roof Walkways. If roof traffic is extensive, the installation of a new or an enhanced roof
walkway system should be considered. ( See Section II for roof walkway specifications and
guidelines. )
2. Roof Access Log. In order to control and monitor roof access, procedures should be
established to record the personnel, purpose, time and duration of all rooftop visits.

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B. Inspecting For ...............CONTAMINANTS

INTRODUCTION:
Although most roof membranes provide outstanding resistance to natural weathering, their
durability can be adversely affected by contact with many organic substances, including oils, fats,
and organic solvents. Because exposure to these types of contaminants will cause many roofing
membranes to lose strength and resiliency, periodic inspection is very important to assure that any
damage is identified and addressed quickly.
WHERE TO LOOK:
1. Air Conditioner Compressors. Frequently, air conditioning units will leak oil, or oil may be
spilled during periodic maintenance.
2. Kitchen Exhaust Fans. Grease from cooking exhausts can accumulate, especially if filters
are not cleaned frequently.
WHAT TO LOOK FOR:
1. Membrane Swelling. Some single-ply membranes, such as EPDM or TPO, will exhibit swelling
or buckling of the membrane. This is an indication that the membrane has absorbed the
contaminant and that fundamental physical properties of the membrane have been
compromised.
2. Membrane Splitting & Cracking. Contact with oils or organic solvents can embrittle asphalt
roofs and some single-ply membranes by accelerating the loss of lighter weight components.
REMEDIAL ACTIONS:
1. Membrane Swelling, Splitting or Cracking. Membrane which has swelled or cracked should
be replaced by a licensed contractor.
1. Redundant Membrane Layer. If contamination, especially from cooking exhausts, is
considered to be chronic, a redundant layer of roofing membrane should be applied around
the exhaust vent and the roof surface area typically affected by grease deposits. This
additional layer should be installed by a licensed roofing contractor.
2. Grease Traps.
A number of proprietary grease traps are available which can be placed around exhaust
units to absorb fats and grease. Typically, these units will require periodic maintenance to
function properly. These units can be installed by any contractor competent in sheet metal
work, but the installation should be coordinated with a licensed roofing contractor.

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C. Inspecting For ...............DRAINAGE

INTRODUCTION:
Ponding or standing water can cause problems for both asphalt and single-ply roofing systems.
Because asphalt compounds are not inherently resistant to the sun's rays, most modified bitumen
and built-up roofing membranes use a layer of factory-applied granules, a field-applied liquid
coating or a layer of roofing gravel to protect the membrane from ultraviolet degradation. Under
constant exposure to standing water, however, granule and gravel coatings will tend to wash off
and liquid coatings may blister and peel. Once this important coating is removed, the underlying
asphalt membrane may begin to degrade due to direct exposure to sunlight. Although single-ply
roof membranes provide excellent resistance to water and sunlight, the potential for damage to the
roof is also significant when water is allowed to stand on a roof. A small cut or puncture in the roof
membrane may cause little damage on a well-drained roof surface, but the same puncture located
in an impacted drainage area can produce extensive damage to the roof insulation, roof deck and
building contents. Although effective roof drainage can be achieved through a variety of methods,
all roofs should be designed and maintained to provide a consistent and effective path for water to
completely drain off and away from the roof surface within 24 to 48 hours of a rain storm. Effective
drainage must also accommodate build-ups of snow and ice that may typically occur during winter
months.
WHERE TO LOOK:
1. Mid-Span Of Roof Beams And Joists. Because most horizontal structural members deflect
in the center of the span, ponded areas are located frequently along the mid-span of these
framing members.
2. Large Rooftop Units. Heavy rooftop units can frequently cause deck deflection and create
a ponding area around the unit.
3. Roof Drainage Components. Typical roof drainage components include:
a) roof drains, b) wall scuppers, c) gutters & downspouts.
WHAT TO LOOK FOR:
Although improper roof drainage can best be observed immediately after a rain storm, most
impacted drainage conditions will leave "tell-tale" indications even after standing water has
evaporated:
1. Accumulated Debris. Debris frequently accumulates in ponding areas. Because water
eventually evaporates from impacted areas, a concentric pattern of debris or dirt is a
good indication of a ponding condition.
2. Visible Sagging or Deflection.
3. Discoloration of Curbs and Walls. The discoloration may be due to a build-up of snow or ice,
or it may be an indication that water may "back up" during very severe rain storms.
4. Damage To Drainage Components. Please refer to Item E - "Inspecting For Moisture
Infiltration"

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REMEDIAL ACTIONS:
1. Remove Debris. Bag and remove from the roof.
2. Repair Drainage Components. Please refer to "Inspecting Roof Sealants and Sheet Metal."
1. Add Roof Drains. Roof drains can be added to remove water from impacted areas.
2. Add Taper Systems. Water in impacted areas can be diverted by adding tapered "saddles"
and "crickets".
3. Redundant Membrane Layer. If it is not economically possible to re-work an impacted
drainage area, the potential for damage can be reduced by the application of redundant
layer of membrane and flashing, in order to reduce the possibility of cutting or puncture.
D. Inspecting For ...............WIND STORM DAMAGE

INTRODUCTION:
Wind storms can damage roofing systems in several different ways. The effect of the wind itself
can exert a force on important roof system attachments that prevent the roof system from
separating from the roof deck and building. Wind forces can also damage exposed sheet metal
items, such as gutters and downspouts. In addition, the force of the wind-borne debris may cause
puncture or cutting of the roof membrane. In fact, severe wind storms can even dislodge rooftop
units and cause the units to blow across the roof, causing extensive roof membrane damage.
WHEN TO LOOK: As soon as possible after any significant wind storm.
WHERE TO LOOK:
1. Roof Membrane Surface.
2. Rooftop Units.
3. Roof Edge Metal, Gutters & Downspouts.
WHAT TO LOOK FOR:
1. Ballasted Roofing Systems.
missing or displaced roof ballast.

large cuts or slices in the roof membrane with areas of missing or displaced ballast.
shuffled or displaced insulation boards beneath the roof membrane.
loose or missing sheet metal flashing components.
2. Adhered Roofing Systems.
loose or disbonded areas of roof membrane.

large cuts or slices in the roof membrane
deflection or distortion of the insulation boards beneath the roof membrane.
"tented" insulation fasteners and plates.
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3. Mechanically Attached Roofing Systems.

large cuts or slices in the roof membrane.
deflection or distortion of the insulation boards beneath the roof membrane.
"tented" or loose roofing fasteners and plates.
REMEDIAL ACTIONS:
1. Remove Debris.
2. Replace or Re-Disperse Roofing Ballast. This must be done carefully in order to avoid
puncturing the membrane.
3. Repair Damaged Roof Membrane & Components. Permanent repairs should always be
performed by a licensed roofing contractor. In order to respond to emergency situations, the
following actions can be taken by the building maintenance staff:
Small cuts and punctures can be sealed temporarily.

If large areas of membrane have become detached and are actively billowing, it is
very important to cut the membrane to reduce the internal pressure build-up. Even
though this procedure may cause some water to enter the roof system, it may
prevent additional detachment of the membrane and the potential for a roof "blowoff".
Roof membrane which has detached at the perimeter anchorages should be resecured by weighting the membrane with sand bags or by securing with a wood
batten or nailer.
1. Add Roof Ballast. If some areas of ballast stone are frequently displaced by winds, consider
adding a larger size of ballast stone or replacing ballast stone with concrete pavers.
Note: Ballast should not be added to a roof without a review of the roof load capacity by a
structural engineer.
2. Review Roof System Design. If damage consistently occurs in certain areas of the roof, the
roof system design should be reviewed by an engineer or roof consultant.

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E. Inspecting For ...............MOISTURE INFILTRATION

INTRODUCTION:
Moisture can enter into a roofing system many different ways. In addition to water entry due to
roof membrane leaks, moisture can enter a roofing system due to condensation from internal
humidity, infiltration through building walls, water entry through equipment housings and latent
moisture entrapped beneath the roof system.
Note: The inspection for moisture infiltration requires professional roofing experience. Firestone
recommends that this inspection be performed by a Firestone Licensed Applicator at least once a
year.
WHERE TO LOOK:
1. Building Walls & Parapets. Many types of wall construction, especially masonry and stucco,
can allow moisture infiltration due to porosity and cracking. Particular attention should be
paid to metal flashings associated with walls, including wall copings, reglets, counterflashings, and termination bars.
2. Large Rooftop Units. Frequently the metal housings around these units may allow water
entry.
3. Skylights. Skylight glazing beads and metal trim flashings typically require periodic
maintenance.
WHAT TO LOOK FOR:
1. "Soft" Roof Insulation. If the roof insulation appears to be "soft" under foot, it may have
absorbed excessive moisture.
2. Cracking, Spalling or Discoloration Of Walls. The deterioration may be an indication of
moisture entry.
3. Loose Metal Wall Flashings. Look for any discontinuities in the firm, uniform compression
between metal flashings and the wall surface.
4. Covered "Weep Holes". Look for masonry weep holes that have become clogged or were
accidentally covered over by the roof flashings.
5. Missing Or Broken Weather Seals On Equipment Housings. Frequent maintenance of rooftop
equipment may allow weather seals and sheet metal joints to loose water-tightness.
6. Cracked or Sunken Caulking. Almost all joints in metal flashings are sealed with an
application of sealant or caulking. Any cracking or other discontinuity is a potential source
of water entry.

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REMEDIAL ACTIONS:
1. Replace Wet Roof Insulation. A licensed roofing contractor should perform this work.
2. Re-Attach and Re-Caulk Metal Components. Maintenance of metal flashings and caulking
joints typically can be performed either by a roofing contractor or trained maintenance
personnel.
3. Repair Deteriorated Walls. Repair of walls can be performed by a variety of trades. Be sure
to select a recognized professional.
1. Roof Moisture Survey. If a new roof will be installed over an existing roof, or whenever
moisture is suspected to be entrapped within a roof deck, a roof moisture survey should be
conducted by a recognized professional, and the findings of the survey should be used by
the roof designer to select the most appropriate roofing system.
2. Rooftop Equipment Maintenance Standards: A roof access log should be maintained in order
to review and monitor the maintenance of rooftop equipment.
F. Inspecting......... ROOF MEMBRANE SEAMS

INTRODUCTION:
Modern roof seams are designed to provide many years of water-tight performance, but these
seams are subjected to stresses which over time may produce water entry, especially at
intersections and angle changes. Typically, field seams do not need to be inspected during the
normal ten to fifteen warranty period unless observations of possible leakage have been observed.
After the normal warranty period, it is advisable to completely renovate the field seams by recovering with a new layer of seaming material.
WHERE TO LOOK:
1. "T"-Joints. "T" joints occur where two sheets of roofing membrane intersect. Because of
the
extra thickness of membrane at these locations, these joints may over time begin to
open up due to the "memory" of the membrane.
2. Angle Changes. Roof seams which travel through an angle change, such as a deck-to-wall
transitions, are subject to the same long-term stresses as "T" joints, and may begin to open
up over time.
WHAT TO LOOK FOR:
1. Edge Cavitation. The leading edge of the seam may be starting to open up, allowing dirt to
accumulate in a cavity at the seam edge.
2. Entrapped Moisture. Seams which are taking on moisture will may exhibit "bubbling"
along the seam edge when foot pressure is applied to the seam.

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REMEDIAL PROCEDURES:
1. Emergency Repair of Field Seams. Most single-ply field seams can be repaired temporarily
by covering the seam edge with duct tape, construction grade butyl caulk, or silicone. Clean
the membrane around the edge with a non-abrasive cleaner and apply a piece of duct tape
extending beyond the affected area at least one inch in all directions. Most seams in
modified bitumen membranes can be repaired temporarily by applying plastic roof cement
to the seam edge. Make arrangements for a permanent repair as soon as possible.
2. Permanent Restoration of Roof Seams. Restoration of aged roofing seams should be
performed by a licensed roofing contractor.
a. Single-Ply Seams. EPDM and TPO seams typically can be restored by "stripping in" the
seam with a new covering of membrane material. See Section II for specific repair
procedures.
b. Modified Bitumen Seams. Minor repairs to modified bitumen seams can be performed by
pulling open the affected seam area and re-sealing the seam using a roofing torch.
When seam deficiencies are widespread, the only effective long-term repair is the
installation of a new layer of modified bitumen membrane over the affected roof surface
area.
INTRODUCTION:
G. Inspecting....... BASE ATTACHMENTS
Modern perimeter attachments are designed to provide many years of secure performance, but
these attachments are subjected to stresses which over time may produce distortion of the base
attachments. Typically, base attachments do not need to be inspected during the normal ten to
fifteen warranty period unless observations of distortion have been observed. After the normal
warranty period, it may be advisable to completely renovate the base attachments by installing
new base attachments.
WHERE TO LOOK:
1. Parapet Walls And Equipment Curbs.
2. Sheet metal Roof Edges.
WHAT TO LOOK FOR:
1. "Bridging". "Bridging" refers to an inherent loss of dimensional stability in excess of the
design criteria. Minor bridging, extending beyond the angle change less than one inch, can
typically be expected from any roofing membrane after a reasonable period of service.
Bridging greater than one inch may be caused by a failure of the substrate, and can indicate
that the base attachment itself is beginning to experience stress. This stress may lead to
water entry through roof seams which run through the angle change of the base
attachment.
2. Loose Fasteners. The observation of loose or "tented" fasteners beneath the membrane at
the base attachment may indicate a significant wind event or a substrate failure detrimental
to the systems ability to accommodate long-term stress on the base attachment.

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REMEDIAL PROCEDURES:
1. Emergency Repair. If bridging or distortion at a base attachment is causing active leakage,
try to seal the leak with duct tape, construction-grade butyl caulking, or silicone.
2. Permanent Restoration of Roof Seams. Restoration of aged base attachments should be
performed by a licensed roofing contractor. ( See Section II for specific base attachment
repair procedures. )

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H. ROOF INSPECTION CHECKLIST

Roof Identification:
Building Address:
Date Roof Installed:
Original Contractor:
Manufacturer's Warranty No:
Date Of Warranty Expiration:
Date Of Roof Inspection:
Inspected By:
ITEM:
Roof Traffic
Contaminants
Drainage
Wind Storm Damage
Moisture Infiltration
Roof Membrane Seams

Base Attachments
Conditions Observed:
Attach Roof Sketch
WHERE TO LOOK:
Roof Access Points
Walkways
Mechanical Units
Mechanical Units
Kitchen Exhausts
Mid-Span Of Beams & Joists
Large Rooftop Units
Roof Drains
Wall Scuppers
Gutters & Downspouts
Roof Perimeter
Roof Membrane Surface
WHAT TO LOOK FOR:

Membrane Cuts & Punctures
Crushed Roof Insulation
Trash & Sharp Objects
Oil Spills
Cooking Fats & Grease
Accumulated Debris
Visible Deflection
Discoloration of Curbs & Walls
Loose Sheet Metal
Cracked Caulking
Loose Perimeter Sheet Metal
Loose Areas Of Roof Membrane
Buckled Insulation
Displaced Roof Ballast
Adjoining Walls & Parapets
"Soft" Roof Insulation
Large Rooftop Units
Discoloration Of Walls
Skylights
Loose Sheet Metal Flashings
Missing Weather Seals
Cracked or Sunken Caulking
T-Joints
Edge Cavitation or Curling
Angle Changes
Entrapped Moisture
Parapet Walls & Curbs
Membrane "Bridging"
Roof Edge
Loose Fasteners
Actions Recommended:
Use Additional Pages As Necessary
Please fax completed form to Firestone Building Products at: 1-317-575-7210

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SECTION II
ROOF REPAIR & RENOVATION
Even with periodic inspection and maintenance, roofing systems will require repair from time to
time. Although roof repair is typically conducted as a response to some type of damage to the roof,
a pro-active approach to roof repair and renovation can improve the performance and extend the
service life of most modern roofing systems. The procedures and specifications contained in this
section provide valuable general information about the efficient and effective repair of different
roofing systems, including EPDM and modified bitumen roofs.
These procedures and specifications are offered as a complementary service only, and Firestone
disclaims any liability, under any theory of law, arising out of the use of these procedures.
INDEX TO ROOF REPAIR & RENOVATION PROCEDURES:

Section:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
Topic:
Page:
Cuts and Punctures

EPDM Field Seams
TPO Field Seams
Modified Bitumen Field Seams
EPDM Base Tie-Ins
Cleaning of In-Service EPDM Membrane
Cleaning of In-Service Thermoplastic Membrane
Application of Splice Adhesive and Lap Sealant
Walkway Systems
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16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

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A. REPAIR OF CUTS AND PUNCTURES

NOTE: THESE DRAWINGS SHOW GENERAL PROCEDURES FOR TYPICAL ROOF SYSTEM REPAIR AND
RENOVATION. PLEASE REFER TO FIRESTONE TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION MANUALS FOR
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION. ROOF REPAIRS AND RENOVATIONS SHOULD BE PERFORMED ONLY
BY A PROFESSIONAL ROOFING CONTRACTOR WHO IS LICENSED AND TRAINED BY THE ROOF
SYSTEM MANUFACTURER.
1. Typical Repair of EPDM Membrane:
New EPDM Membrane

Set in Splice Adhesive
Existing Puncture
Lap Sealant
Rounded Corners
NOTE: Uncured EPDM products are
not acceptable for Cut and Puncture
repairs.
3" Min.
Note: The application of new EPDM membrane to existing in-service EPDM membrane requires
special cleaning and priming procedures. Refer to Section F - Cleaning and Priming of In-Service
Membrane.
1. Typical Repair of TPO Membrane:
New TPO Membrane

Hot Air Welded
Existing Puncture
TPO GP Sealant
Rounded Corners
3" Min.
Note: The application of new TPO membrane to existing in-service TPO membrane requires special
cleaning and priming procedures. Refer to Section F - Cleaning and Priming of In-Service
Membrane.
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3. Typical Repair of Modified Bitumen Membrane:
New Membrane Torch

Applied To Existing
Membrane
Existing Puncture
Approx. Bitumen Flow
Rounded Corners
4" Min.
Note: Prepare existing surface by heating with a roofing torch and embed any exposed roofing
granules and or lightly remove (without distorting the membrane compound) any applied coating
with a heated trowel. After preparing the receiving surface and allowing to cool, apply primer to all
surfaces receiving the new membrane patch.
B. EPDM FIELD SEAM REPAIR

1. Typical Seam Cross-Section:
6 QuickSeam Batten Cover (Set in Splice Adhesive)
Centered Over Field Seam
Existing Field Seam
Membrane.
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2. Typical Joint Details:

12" X 12" Fo rmFla s h
S e t In S p lice A d he s ive
6" X 1 2" Fo rmFla sh

12" X 12" Fo rmFla s h

3" ( T yp )
3" ( T yp )
B utt Jo int ( T yp )
La p S e a la nt
6" Q uick Se a m Co v e r Strip
Note: The application of QuickSeam Tape and FormFlash to existing in-service EPDM membrane
requires special cleaning and priming procedures. Refer to Section F - " Cleaning and Priming of InService Membrane.
C. TPO FIELD SEAM REPAIR

SYSTEM MANUFACTURER
1. Typical Seam Cross-Section:
8 Piece of TPO Membrane Hot Air Welded
Over the Center of the Field Seam
TPO GP Sealant
TPO GP Sealant
Existing Field Seam
Note: The application of new TPO membrane to existing in-service TPO membrane requires special
cleaning and priming procedures. Refer to Section F - Cleaning and Priming of In-Service
Membrane.
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D. MODIFIED BITUMEN FIELD SEAM REPAIR

STEP 1:
P ull Se a m Op e n Wi th A Me ta l P ro b e Or T ro we l
STEP 2:
A p p ro x. 1/2" B itum e n Flo w
Re -S e a l Se a m Wi th A R o o fing To rc h

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E. EPDM BASE TIE-IN REPAIR

THESE DRAWINGS SHOW GENERAL PROCEDURES FOR TYPICAL ROOF SYSTEM REPAIR AND
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION. ROOF REPAIRS AND RENOVATIONS SHOULD BE PERFORMED ONLY BY
A PROFESSIONAL ROOFING CONTRACTOR WHO IS LICENSED AND TRAINED BY THE ROOF SYSTEM
MANUFACTURER.
STEP 1:
Cut & Re-Adhere Exisitng Wall Flashing

1 Above Base Flashing
Remove Exisitng Base Flashing & Nailer
Cut Exisitng Field Sheet 1 Beyond Flashing
Insulation
Roof Deck
STEP 2:
Splice to Exisitng Wall Flashing With Spilce Adhesive or
in-seam tape
New EPDM Membrane
Adhered to Wall with Bonding Adhesive or Splice Adhesive
2 Seam Plates & Firestone Fasteners 12 o.c.
6 QuickSeam Reinforced Perimeter Fastening Strip (RPF)
Splice to Exisitng Field Membrane with Splice Adhesive or
In-seam tape.
Insulation
Roof Deck
Membrane.
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F. CLEANING OF IN-SERVICE EPDM MEMBRANE

THIS IS A PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION. It is required that the membrane be dark gray
in color without streaks before proceeding with any bonding or splicing activity. The
cleaned area must be larger than the repair area.
1.
Cleaning may be achieved by one of the following methods:

Brush wash by hand with a solution of mild dish soap and water and a stiff
bristlebrush. Rinse the receiving surface with water until clean. Take care not to
flood the receiving surface (and cause leaks).
Use an electric floor scrubber and a wet vacuum. Rinse the receiving surface with
water until clean. Take care not to flood the receiving surface (and cause leaks).
Use a power water washer and a wet vacuum. Take care not to flood the receiving
surface (and cause leaks).
2.
Allow the receiving surface to thoroughly dry. If necessary, dry the washed surface
with clean towel or rags. Make sure that no moisture can be trapped.
3.
It is also acceptable to broom clean the membrane in the repair area and apply
Firestone Membrane Pre-Wash using a garden sprayer at the rate of 300 t0 500 square
feet per gallon. (See TIS Sheet for exact procedure) After Pre-Wash has dried for
approximately ten minutes, use a pressure washer providing 4 gallons (15.1 L) per
minute at 3000 PSI (20.6 MPa) to remove the Pre-Wash and accumulated dirt and
debris. A 40 fan spray nozzle for pressure washer is suggested.
NOTE: If utilizing Firestone Membrane Pre-Wash is the contractors preferred
method of cleaning the existing membrane, identify this preference clearly
within your labor price submittal and include the necessary amount of PreWash so we may adjust our material provision accordingly.
4.
Wash the existing EPDM twice with Firestone Clear Splice Wash and clean, white,
cotton rags, allowing the surface to evaporate and dry between washings. Change
cleaning rags often.
5.
Wash the mating side of the repair piece once with Firestone Clear Splice Wash and
clean, white, cotton rags, allowing the surface to dry before the application with Splice
Adhesive. Change cleaning rags often. No cleaning of QuickSeam Tape products is
necessary. If QuickSeam Tape becomes dirty, it must not be used.
6.
"Clean" membrane must be dark gray in color without streaking of any

substances.
CLEAR SPLICE WASH RECOMMENDED COVERAGE RATES @ 250 SF/GAL
6" --- 500 LF
8" --- 379 LF
10" --- 301 LF
12" --- 250 LF
15" --- 200 LF
18" --- 167 LF
Listed coverage rates may vary depending on ambient weather conditions.

NOTE: After cleaning and priming the in-service membrane, proceed with the application of the
new EPDM membrane, FormFlash, Lap Sealant and QuickSeam Tape in accordance with current
application specifications for new construction.
20
G. CLEANING OF IN-SERVICE THERMOPLASTIC MEMBRANE

1.
Ensure that the existing area to which new Thermoplastic membrane is to be mated
is clean, smooth, and free of all contaminants.
2.
Thoroughly clean this area with detergent and water. It is recommended that a
water-soluble granular cleaner be used such as T-M-T brand, which is manufactured
by the U.S. Borax Company. Liquid cleaners tend to leave a film residue that can
interfere with heat-weld quality.
3.
It is recommended that a polypropylene scouring pad be used for maximum cleaning.

This is the type manufactured by 3M. Coupled with the granular detergent it allows
for enough abrasive action to thoroughly clean the sheet without causing damage to
it.
NOTE: DO NOT USE STEEL WIRE BRUSHES UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES.
4.
It is imperative that the area be thoroughly rinsed several times to remove all
detergent and contaminants before heat welding. Further, the area must be allowed
to dry completely before continuing. If blisters form upon heat welding, the area has
not been allowed to dry sufficiently and heat welding should discontinue.
5.
After allowing to dry sufficiently, the heat-welding areas on the existing membrane
shall be cleaned a second time with Denatured Alcohol and clean cotton rags to
remove all surface impediments and eliminate any surface curing which may have
occurred.
AGAIN: THOROUGH CLEANING WITH DENATURED ALCOHOL SOLVENT IS THE MOST
CRITICAL PROCEDURE TO ENSURE THE PERFORMANCE OF THE NEW TO EXISTING
MEMBRANE HEAT-WELD.
6.
All heat welding shall be in accordance with Firestone Thermoplastic details and
specifications as published. Keep in mind that the existing sheet is aged, which may
call for more allowance. Care should be taken not to overheat and scorch either
membrane.
7.
Upon completion, allow newly welded seams to cool.
IMPORTANT: ALL WELDS MUST BE THOROUGHLY PROBED AND CHECKED FOR

COMPLETE INTEGRITY AND REWELDED OR STRIPPED IN AS REQUIRED.

21
H. APPLICATION OF SPLICE ADHESIVE AND LAP SEALANT

1. Stir the Splice Adhesive thoroughly before and during use to achieve a uniform mix
with no sediment on the bottom and no un-mixed components evident.
2.
Apply Splice Adhesive to the previously cleaned membrane using Firestone-supplied

solvent resistant paint brush. Adhesive is to be applied in a thick, even, smooth coat
at the rate of 150-175 lineal feet per gallon for a 3 splice (40 square feet per
gallon). Adhesive is to be applied COMPLETELY to both the receiving surface and
the repair piece simultaneously with long brushmarks. Do not overwork the adhesive
film. No adhesive should be applied directly to the QuickSeam tape materials.
3. Allow the adhesive to set-up on each surface until tacky so as not to stick or string to
the touch of a dry finger. Adhesive film should also be pushed with the index finger
to assure it is dry within the film. (The Touch-Push Test)
4. Mate the repair piece onto the receiving surface, centering it over the area in need of
repair. Do not stretch or wrinkle the cover strip while mating it. A minimum 3
EPDM to EPDM lap splice must be achieved.
5. With 2 3 silicon rollers, roll the newly spliced piece twice; first across (or
perpendicular to) the mated surface, and then second along the length of the spliced
edge.
6. After the splice has been allowed to cure no more than four hours, clean any
contaminants from the base membrane a minimum of one inch on each side of the
lap edge with a damp, clean, cotton rag of Clear Splice Wash. This step is only
necessary if the seam edge has become dirty or contaminated. Do not soak the lap
edge with Clear Splice Wash.
7. Immediately after cleaning, apply a 2 wide thin coat of Splice Adhesive to the seam
step-off.
8. After the Splice Adhesive has dried a minimum of four hours, apply a 3/8 bead of
lap sealant and trowel the sealant so as to leave a mound over the lap edge.
Coverage should be about 20 LF per caulking tube.
STANDARD COVERAGE RATES
Splice Adhesive
Seam/Coverstrip width
3------------4------------6------------8------------10-----------12------------
Coverage Rate
160 LF/GAL
120 LF/GAL
80 LF/GAL
60 LF/GAL
50 LF/GAL
40 LF/GAL
40 SF per GAL
Seam/Coverstrip width
15------------18------------24------------QUICKSEAM width
5------------6------------9-------------
Coverage Rate
32 LF/GAL
27 LF/GAL
20 LF/GAL
Coverage Rate
200 LF/GAL
160 LF/GAL
110 LF/GAL

22
I. WALKWAY SYSTEMS
The Firestone Roofing System is designed to be a waterproofing component not a traffic bearing
component of the building envelop. Effective roof walkway systems must be designed to
accommodate two different forces:
1. Puncture forces, which can cut the roofing membrane. Puncture forces can be exerted on the
roof membrane by dropped tools, broken glass, nails, metal scraps, etc., especially when
such sharp objects are stepped on by foot traffic.
2. Compressive forces, which can crush the underlying roof insulation. Although little formal
research has been conducted regarding the forces exerted by foot traffic on the roof, it is
generally acknowledged that an individual will exert a foot force anywhere from 10 psi to 30
psi, depending on body mass, shoe profile and momentum. This wide range of variability
is very important since many common types of roof insulation, such as expanded
polystyrene and polyisocyanurate foam, have relatively low compressive strengths.
While rubber walkway pads will provide effective membrane protection against cutting and
puncture, these pads are relatively thin and they cannot distribute large compressive forces. If
frequent or heavy roof traffic loads are anticipated over a roof system which uses a low
compressive strength insulation, one or more of the following products should be considered:
1. Smooth Concrete Pavers. Concrete pavers have very high compressive strengths and can
significantly distribute the force of foot traffic. Because the edges of the pavers can be
sharp, and because concrete over time may crack or spall, it is advisable to install a
protective fabric mat or a redundant layer of roofing membrane beneath concrete pavers.
Before an extensive concrete paver walkway is installed, the live load capacity of the roof
deck and building structure should be evaluated to verify that the structure can
accommodate the added weight of the pavers.
2. High-Density Roof Boards. Compressive forces can also be distributed by installing a
high-density roofing board directly over the roof insulation prior to installing the roofing
membrane. Examples of common roofing boards are:
CoverDeck. This product is a high performance mineral fiber coverboard that combines
high wind and water resistance with excellent lightweight/high strength characteristics.
Typical thicknesses are 3/8 and 5/8.
Class E Wood Fiber. ( Federal Specification LLL-I-535B ). This product is similar in

compressive strength to conventional wood fiber wall sheathing. Typical thicknesses are
1/2" and 1".
"Dens-Deck" Roof Board. This product is a moisture-resistant gypsum sheathing product

with fiberglass facers. Typical thicknesses are 1/4", 1/2", and 5/8.
If a high-density roof board is selected, it will still be necessary to install rubber walkway
pads over the membrane to protect against cutting and puncture.
3. Protected Membrane Systems. Protected membrane systems utilize a layer of high density
extruded polystyrene board loosely laid directly above the roofing membrane and covered
with a fabric mat and concrete pavers.
23
NOTE: As with any concrete paver system, ballast rock, or garden system, the load capacity of the
roof should be evaluated before installing this type of system. Although this type of system can
provide very excellent protection against both crushing and puncture, it is very difficult to service if
a leak does occur. Because of this, the roofing warranty coverage available for protected
membrane systems may be less than the warranty coverage available with other roofing systems.

24
SECTION III
FIRESTONE WARRANTY SERVICE
Firestone's Warranty Services Department is responsible for assuring a timely and effective response
to all customer service requests for warranted Firestone roofs. In addition, Warranty Services is
charged with maintaining effective channels of communication between the owners of Firestone
roofs and the licensed contractors who install these roofs so that all parties are involved in assuring
the long-term performance of Firestone roofing systems.
Firestone Warranty Services can be contacted Monday through Sunday by calling 1800-830-5612. Requests for service can also be faxed directly to
1-317-575-7210 or by email at [email protected].
Warranty Services is staffed with knowledgeable warranty administrators and experienced roofing
professionals who can respond to customer calls by issuing emergency repair orders, arranging for
field investigations and resolving questions concerning Firestone's warranty programs and policies.
Typically, Firestone's response begins with an immediate notification to the roofing contractor who
originally installed the roof, so that the Firestone contractor is involved in all communications and
actions regarding the performance of the roof. Because of this, the success of our warranty service
program is a joint effort between Firestone and the independent Firestone licensed contractors who
serve as the first and most important contact with owners of Firestone Roofing Systems.
INDEX TO ROOF MAINTENANCE SERVICES:

Section:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
Topic:
Reporting Leaks To Firestone
Warranty Response Procedures
Non-Warranted Repairs
Fax Leak Notification Form
Post Warranty Alteration Form
Warranty Transfer Form
Page:
26
27
28
29
30
31

25
A. REPORTING LEAKS TO FIRESTONE:

A leak or any other request for service affecting a warranted Firestone roof should always be
reported directly to Firestone. The leak can be reported by telephone call, Fax or email, by either a
representative of the building owner or by a Firestone contractor. In all cases, the following
information is vitally important in order to assure a timely and effective response:
Building Identification.
Building Address.
Building Owner Name.
Building Owner Key Contact Person and Telephone Number.
FBPCO ( Roof Drawing ) Number.
Warranty Number.
Date Leak Observed.
Notifier Name with Telephone and Fax Number.
Accurate Description Of Leak.
Purchase Order Number for any Non-Warranted Repairs
A FAX number for the notifier is very important, since Firestone will send an acknowledgemnt to
confirm our issuance of a work order to a responsive repair contractor.
Firestone encourages both building owners and roofing contractors to use the above mentioned
methods to communicate a roof leak to Firestone. A special Fax Leak Notification form has been
prepared by Firestone and is included in this manual. ( See Section D. )

26
B. WARRANTY RESPONSE PROCEDURES

During the first two years of the roofing system warranty, requests for warranty service are referred
from Firestone to the original installing contractor. Upon receipt of the leak report, Firestone
immediately calls the original contractor and mails a "Leak Repair Notification". This letter requests
that the contractor, in accordance with the terms and conditions of Firestone's license agreement,
initiate contact with the building owner, arrange to investigate the leak and make appropriate
warranty repairs. The contractor is also requested to completely fill a work order, and return it to
Firestone within two weeks.
At the same time the contractor is mailed the "Leak Repair Notification", the building owner is
mailed a "Warranty Services Follow-Up". This letter advises the owner that the original contractor
has been advised to investigate the roof conditions and to complete any necessary repairs within ten
working days.
In response to a leak notification received after the first two years of the warranty, Firestone will
issue an emergency purchase order for the investigation and repair of leaks. Because the original
installing contractor is a vital link in the long-term performance of the roofing system, Firestone
typically will authorize the original contractor to perform all emergency repair work whenever:
The roof is located within a reasonable travel distance from the contractor's office or shop.
In most cases Firestone's purchase order will authorize a maximum 2 hours of travel each
way to and from the roof.
The roof has not experienced excessive leak reports.
The original contractor is an active licensed contractor, has provided Firestone with
hourly labor rates and insurance certificates, is able to respond within 48 hours
and has provided satisfactory repair service previously.
Upon receipt of a leak notification, Firestone will issue a "Warranty Service Work Order" and Roof
Analysis Sheet followed by a purchase order. This work order and analysis sheet will be faxed
directly to the roofing contractor in order to minimize the time needed to respond to a leak. At the
same time, a separate acknowledgment letter is also faxed directly to the building owner, so that
the owner can follow up directly with the roofing contractor.
In the event that an emergency repair response does not produce an effective resolution of the leak
or whenever a building owner has a concern about the performance of the roof system, Firestone
will arrange for Warranty Services Investigator to visit the building site and conduct a thorough
investigation of the roof. Depending on project location and existing schedules, Firestone can
typically respond with a personal visit to the building site within three to four weeks of a request for
service. Warranty Service Representatives are also available to respond to any telephone inquiries
during our normal business hours. To contact a member of Firestone's Warranty Services staff,
please call 1-800-428-4442.

27
C. NON-WARRANTED REPAIRS
Because many of the leaks that occur on Firestone warranted roofs are caused by conditions relating
to building maintenance and are not covered by the terms of the Firestone warranty, Firestone has
adopted a pro-active policy to inform and educate building owners about the importance of roof
inspection and maintenance.
This pro-active policy starts with the distribution of extensive inspection and maintenance
information. Comprehensive roofing inspection and maintenance guidelines can be obtained from
any Firestone sales or technical representative.
In addition, Firestone always advises building owners that non-warranted repairs associated with
requests for emergency warranty service will be invoiced in accordance with item 2 (c) of Firestone's
current Red Shield Warranty:
Should the investigation reveal that the leak is excluded under the Terms, Conditions and
Limitations, the Owner is responsible for payment of the investigation costs.
If non-warranted repairs are made by the Firestone contractor who is responding to an emergency
repair work order, and if the contractor is unable to arrange for appropriate reimbursement directly
with the building owner, Firestone will pay the contractor for any reasonable repairs that are
necessary to protect the serviceability of the roof system. In turn, Firestone will issue an invoice to
the building owner for these repairs. Firestone's invoice will cover only those costs clearly
associated with non-warranted repairs. All invoices issued by Firestone will also include a detailed
description of the specific non-warranted repairs performed and a customer contact to obtain
additional information concerning the invoice and the repairs performed.
Examples of typical non-warranted emergency repairs include:
1. Repair of membrane cuts and punctures.
2. Caulking or re-sealing of non-Firestone building components, such as:
Sheet metal flashings.

Mechanical unit housings.
Skylights and roof hatches.
Metal mansards and fascia.
3. Flashing of roof openings made by other trades.

4. Repair of roofing components damaged by wind storms or other natural events in excess of
warranty coverage.
5. Repair of roofing membrane and flashing damaged by contaminants such as oil and grease.

28
D. LEAK NOTIFICATION BY FAX

INSTRUCTIONS: Fax this form to 1-317-575-7210
What Is The Name Of The Building?
What Is The Building Address?

( Including Zip Code ):
What Is The Building Owner Name?
What Is The Building Owner Address?
What Is The FBPCO ( Roof Drawing )

Number On Your Warranty?
What Is The Warranty Number

On Your Warranty?
Who Can Our Repair Agent Contact To

Gain Access To The Roof?
What Is The Telephone Number For

The Building Contact?
When Was The Leak Observed?
Please Provide A Description Of Leak:
What Is Your Name?
What Is Your Phone Number?
IMPORTANT: Firestone can provide you

an immediate fax response advising you
who will be responding to your request.
To what fax number may we send this
confirmation?
Please advise us of any other requests or

comments:
Thank you for providing us with this important information. Upon receipt of this form, Firestone's
Warranty Service Department will issue an emergency work order via fax to an authorized Firestone
repair contractor. In addition, we will fax an acknowledgment directly to you to advise you the name
and telephone number of the authorized contractor who will be responding to your service request.
If you have any questions concerning your Firestone roof or your roofing warranty, please do not
hesitate to call us at 1-800-428-4442.

29
E. POST WARRANTY ALTERATION FORM

In order for Firestone to keep your roofing system fully covered, you must report any changes made
to the roof following the warranted inspection. Failure to the procedures outlined in the following
document, including not notifying Firestone, will jeoporize the warranty on the specified project.
This form can be submitted electronically at www.firestonebpco.com.
F. Warranty Transfer Form
In order to transfer an existing Firestone Warranty, building owners and their authorized agents
must complete the following form. This form can be submitted electronically at
www.firestonebpco.com.

30

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FIRESTONE BUILDING PRODUCTS

ROOF INSPECTION, MAINTENANCE & REPAIR GUIDE

ROOF INSPECTION & MAINTENANCE

FIRESTONE BUILDING PRODUCTS COMPANY

FIRESTONE BUILDING PRODUCTS COMPANY

INDEX TO INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE GUIDELINES:

A. Inspecting For ...............ROOF TRAFFIC

FIRESTONE BUILDING PRODUCTS COMPANY

WHAT TO LOOK FOR:

FIRESTONE BUILDING PRODUCTS COMPANY

B. Inspecting For ...............CONTAMINANTS

FIRESTONE BUILDING PRODUCTS COMPANY

C. Inspecting For ...............DRAINAGE

FIRESTONE BUILDING PRODUCTS COMPANY

D. Inspecting For ...............WIND STORM DAMAGE

missing or displaced roof ballast.

2. Adhered Roofing Systems.

loose or disbonded areas of roof membrane.

3. Mechanically Attached Roofing Systems.

Small cuts and punctures can be sealed temporarily.

FIRESTONE BUILDING PRODUCTS COMPANY

E. Inspecting For ...............MOISTURE INFILTRATION

FIRESTONE BUILDING PRODUCTS COMPANY

F. Inspecting......... ROOF MEMBRANE SEAMS

FIRESTONE BUILDING PRODUCTS COMPANY

G. Inspecting....... BASE ATTACHMENTS

FIRESTONE BUILDING PRODUCTS COMPANY

FIRESTONE BUILDING PRODUCTS COMPANY

H. ROOF INSPECTION CHECKLIST

Date Roof Installed:

Manufacturer's Warranty No:

Date Of Warranty Expiration:

Date Of Roof Inspection:

Wind Storm Damage

Roof Membrane Seams

Attach Roof Sketch

WHAT TO LOOK FOR:

Use Additional Pages As Necessary

Please fax completed form to Firestone Building Products at: 1-317-575-7210

INDEX TO ROOF REPAIR & RENOVATION PROCEDURES:

Cuts and Punctures

FIRESTONE BUILDING PRODUCTS COMPANY

A. REPAIR OF CUTS AND PUNCTURES

New EPDM Membrane

New TPO Membrane

3. Typical Repair of Modified Bitumen Membrane:

New Membrane Torch

B. EPDM FIELD SEAM REPAIR

2. Typical Joint Details:

6" X 1 2" Fo rmFla sh

12" X 12" Fo rmFla s h

C. TPO FIELD SEAM REPAIR

Existing Field Seam

D. MODIFIED BITUMEN FIELD SEAM REPAIR

FIRESTONE BUILDING PRODUCTS COMPANY

E. EPDM BASE TIE-IN REPAIR

Cut & Re-Adhere Exisitng Wall Flashing

F. CLEANING OF IN-SERVICE EPDM MEMBRANE

Cleaning may be achieved by one of the following methods: