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    OET MRSA Texts

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    ashley_percifield
    MRSA is a type of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria that is resistant to certain antibiotics. Approximately 3% of the population carries MRSA. MRSA can be transmitted through direct contact with an infected individual or surfaces they have touched. While most community-acquired MRSA causes minor skin infections, hospital-acquired MRSA poses a greater risk of serious infections developing. Proper hand hygiene, use of protective equipment, and environmental cleaning can help prevent the spread of MRSA.

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    OET MRSA Texts

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    ashley_percifield
    50 views4 pages
    MRSA is a type of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria that is resistant to certain antibiotics. Approximately 3% of the population carries MRSA. MRSA can be transmitted through direct contact with an infected individual or surfaces they have touched. While most community-acquired MRSA causes minor skin infections, hospital-acquired MRSA poses a greater risk of serious infections developing. Proper hand hygiene, use of protective equipment, and environmental cleaning can help prevent the spread of MRSA.

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    MRSA is a type of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria that is resistant to certain antibiotics. Approximately 3% of the population carries MRSA. MRSA can be transmitted through direct contact with an infected individual or surfaces they have touched. While most community-acquired MRSA causes minor skin infections, hospital-acquired MRSA poses a greater risk of serious infections developing. Proper hand hygiene, use of protective equipment, and environmental cleaning can help prevent the spread of MRSA.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    50 views4 pages

    OET MRSA Texts

    Uploaded by

    ashley_percifield
    MRSA is a type of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria that is resistant to certain antibiotics. Approximately 3% of the population carries MRSA. MRSA can be transmitted through direct contact with an infected individual or surfaces they have touched. While most community-acquired MRSA causes minor skin infections, hospital-acquired MRSA poses a greater risk of serious infections developing. Proper hand hygiene, use of protective equipment, and environmental cleaning can help prevent the spread of MRSA.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 4

    Text A

    MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) is the name given to a


    subset of Staphylococcus aureus, a type of bacteria that can occur on skin, in
    the nose, groin, respiratory tract and other areas of the body. An estimated
    30% of people carry the more common type of S. aureus without developing
    symptoms or otherwise becoming aware of its presence, while approximately
    3% of the population are carriers of the more dangerous, drug-resistant form
    known as MRSA.
    Transmission
    MRSA can be transmitted in communities through skin-to-skin contact with a
    carrier or contact with a surface or item where the bacteria is present, such as
    a towel or sheet. Most such infections are restricted to the skin and are easily
    treatable. In healthcare settings, however, there is a risk of more serious
    infection, as the sites of wounds, burns, IV drips, feeding tubes and catheters
    provide bacteria with an easier route into the bloodstream. In these cases,
    potentially life-threatening conditions such as septicaemia, pneumonia and
    endocarditis can develop.
    Symptoms
    Community-acquired MRSA typically presents with small red marks on the
    skin which are similar in appearance to pimples or spider bites. If untreated,
    these can develop into boils, blisters or abscesses, which contain pus and may
    itch or burn. They may also be accompanied by fever. Hospital-acquired
    MRSA can also result in high temperatures, along with head and muscle
    ache, fatigue, shortness of breath and chest pains.
    Risk factors
    MRSA is associated with hospitals, not only because of the increased chance
    of infection due to open wounds and other entry points, but also because of
    the use of antibiotics and because patients’ immune systems are often
    weakened by existing medical conditions, making them more susceptible to
    the effects of the bacteria. Prisons, military training facilities and gyms are
    other high-risk locations due to poor hygiene practices and frequent skin
    contact in confined spaces.

    Text B
    Guidelines: MRSA in the Workplace
    • Point-of-care risk assessment
      This process will determine whether you are at risk of contracting an infection and
    requires you to be aware of your environment, the health status of your patient and
    whether the type of task you are doing may bring you into contact with MRSA bacteria.
    • Hand hygiene
      Appropriate hand hygiene is the most effective way to stop the spread of MRSA. Perform
    hand hygiene before and after every patient interaction and in any situation where you
    may have touched contaminated surfaces or equipment.
    • Personal protective equipment
      Wear gloves and a gown when dealing with a patient with an MRSA infection.
    • Environmental controls
      Ensure that equipment and surfaces are kept clean and that bed linens and other fabrics
    are regularly changed.

    Text C
    Deaths involving S. aureus (including MRSA)
    Figure 1: Number of death certificates mentioning Staphylococcus
    aureus: by methicillin resistance, England and Wales, 1993 to 2012

    Note: From 2008-12, the death rate in cases related to  S. aureus  (including MRSA) was
    higher for males than for females and increased overall with age. S. aureus deaths stood
    at 1.8 per million population for men aged under 45 and 415.8 per million population for
    men over 85. Among women, the rates were 1.4 per million population and 200.4 per
    million population for the same age groups.
    Text D
    MRSA management
    Due to the possibility of resistance developing rapidly, rifampicin should not
    be the sole antibiotic treatment. Clindamycin or a tetracycline may be used
    alone, or rifampicin and fusidic acid may be used together, for MRSA-related
    infections of the skin and soft tissue. Glycopeptides such as vancomycin are
    recommended if this type of infection is severe; however, if these are not
    suitable, linezolid can be used, but expert advice must be sought. Linezolid is
    ineffective against Gram-negative organisms and must be used with other
    antibacterials for infections that also involve Gram-negative organisms.
    Fusidic acid and a glycopeptide or a glycopeptide and clindamycin are
    possible alternatives for skin and soft-tissue infections if a single antibacterial
    has no effect.

    13 Questions: short answer and gap-fill questions (try to finish in 10 minutes)


    Short-answer questions: key

    Gap-fill questions: key

    1. bed linens and other fabrics - text B


    2. immune systems - text A
    3. age text C
    4. (expert) advice - text D
    5. drug resistant - text A
    6. bloodstream text - A

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