Agenda Notes 13th EC Meeting With Annexures

Agenda Notes for the 13th meeting of
Executive Committee of
National CAMPA
on
7th June, 2021at 11.00 AM
Through video Conferencing
Agenda Notes for the 13thmeeting of Executive Committee of National CAMPA
List of Agenda Items for 13th meeting of the Executive Committee of the
National Authority to be held on 7th June, 2021 at 11.00 a.m. through VC
Agenda Item No. 1: Confirmation of Minutes of 12th meeting of the

Executive Committee of the National Authority.
Agenda Item No. 2: Action Taken on 12th meeting of the Executive
Committee.
Agenda Item No. 3: APO for the year 2021-22 of Gujarat State Authority.
Agenda Item No. 4: APO for the year 2021-22 of Jharkhand State
Authority.
Agenda Item No. 5: APO for the year 2021-22 of Kerala State Authority.
Agenda Item No. 6: APO for the year 2021-22 of Maharashtra State
Authority.
Agenda Item No. 7: APO for the year 2021-22 of Manipur State Authority.
Agenda Item No. 8: APO for the year 2021-22 of Punjab State Authority.
Agenda Item No. 9: APO for the year 2021-22 of Sikkim State Authority.
Agenda Item No. 10: I. Additional APO of Jammu & Kashmir for the year
2021-22.
II. Supplementary APOs 2021-22 to clear liabilities
under CAMPA of FY 2019-20.
Agenda Item No. 11: Project proposal on “Establishment of Centre of
Excellence on Forest Fire (CoEFF)”.
Agenda Item No. 12: Pilot project proposal on “Forest for Food Security
and Nutrition”
Agenda Item No. 13: The project proposal titled 'Enhancement of Water
yield and water quality through soil Moisture
conservation measures' has been submitted by
ICFRE.
Agenda Item No. 14: Status of implementation of Project titled “Preparation
of DPR with LiDAR survey for one pilot watershed
in forest area of each state/ UT” implemented by
WAPCOS Limited under Rule 15(1)(iii) of CAF Act and
post-facto approval under Rule 15(1)(ii) of CAF Act
Agenda Item No. 15: Any other matter with the permission of the chair.
1
Agenda Item No. 1: Confirmation of Minutes of 12th meeting of Executive

Committee of National Authority
Minutes of the 12th Meeting of Executive Committee of National Authority

circulated vide OM of even No. dated 07.05.2021 is placed before Executive
Committee for Confirmation.
Agenda Item No. 2: Action Taken on 11thmeetingof the Executive

Committee
Para Subject Action taken Report

No.
1 Decision: Decision of 12th
Annual Plan of operation of six states Executive Committee
namely Goa, Haryana, Rajasthan, Telangana, meeting was
Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand were approved conveyed/circulated
for the following activities as mentioned below : through letter of even
number dated the
Site-specific activities (Condition 07th May, 2021
Compliance)-
All activities as per Part-II of the APO prepared in

compliance of Rule 39 that is:
“Compensatory Afforestation (CA), additional CA,
penal CA, Catchment area treatment plan and
any other site specific scheme submitted by the
state along with approved proposals for diversion
of forest land under the Forest (Conservation)Act,
1980 referred to in clause (a) of section 6 of the
CAF Act.
Activities as per Rule 5 of CAF Rules, 2018-
a. All activities related to assisted natural

regeneration/ artificial regeneration/
silvicultural operations/ soil and moisture
conservation works improvement of
availability of food, water and shelter for
wildlife habitat as per management plan
etc.
b. Nursery works for the above activities
c. Forest fire prevention and control
2

No.
operations (under Rule 5(2)(f)
d. Maintenance of modern nurseries and
other planting stock facilities for
production of quality planting materials on
a perpetual basis.
e. Independent (third party) monitoring/
evaluation of various works undertaken
from State Fund.
f. Production and distribution of quality
planting material through certified
nurseries at subsidized price for promoting
of tress outside forest on Government lands
as per rile 5 (3) j.
Activities as per Rule 6 of CAF Rules, 2018-

For disbursement of salary and allowances of
members and staffs, both regular and contractual
[Rule 6(a)(iv) and 6(a)(v)], management of office
establishment, office equipment, hiring of
vehicles for State Authority [Rule 6(b)(i) and
6(b)(iii)]
In addition to above following decisions
were taken:
a. The EC also decided to approve casual
engagement of local people or labours to
assist regular staff of State forest
department for protection of forest and
wildlife undertaken from State fund as per
rule 5(3)(f) subject to the limit of 25% of
total cost under the component. These will
be standalone and monitorable items of
work, and there shall be no mixing of
funding for the same work.
b. The EC decided that for third party
monitoring state shall immediately engage
agency/agencies which are working
independently; these should not be local
NGOs/organizations which are attached
/working with the forest department.
3

No.
c. Those States, who have not submitted their
APOs for the year 2021-2022 to National
Authority, shall submit the same urgently
and latest by 13.05.2021 with the approval
of the State Steering Committee.
d. CEO Odisha requested for approval of the
component under protection of forests
where casual labourers are engaged. EC
decided to approve the wages of the casual
labour engaged under the component
subject to the limit of 25% of the total cost
with the condition mentioned in clause (a)
above.
e. CEO Rajasthan for approval of the
component for provision of drinking water
for animals in wildlife areas. EC decided
the matter. It was appreciated that this
activity, being the primary responsibility of
the State, could be primarily funded by the
State’s own scheme or under other
Central/CSS scheme, e.g. Development of
Wildlife Habitat scheme. The EC did not
approve the proposal, and requested the
CEO Rajasthan to make provision of water
augmentation in wildlife areas from other
sources as suggested.
f. PCCF, Goa requested for allowing them to
take up backlog of 1600 ha of CA
plantation and informed that Madhya
Pradesh (MP) has been requested for taking
up the backlog of CA Plantation. He further
informed that MP has made provisions for
300 ha of CA Plantation in the current year
and state will transfer fund to MP for
taking up such plantation. DGF requested
PCCF Goa to seek approval of competent
authority for change of CA areas.
4
Agenda No 03-10
Annual Plans of Operations 2021-2022
Annual Plan of Operation (APOs) 2021-22 of following State Authorities have
recently been received in the National Authority:
1. Gujarat
2. Jharkhand
3. Kerala
4. Maharashtra
5. Manipur
6. Punjab
7. Sikkim
8. Jammu & Kashmir
The currency of APO 2020-21 was expired on 31.03.2021; it is proposed to

approve ‘in principle’ the following activities of APOs for the year 2021-22 in
this meeting. The exact Physical and Financial details will be worked out
thereafter,
1. Site specific schemes under Section 6(a) of CAF Act, 2016
2. ANR [Sub-rule 5(2)(a)]
3. AR [Sub-rule 5(2)(b)]
4. Silvicultural operations in forests [Sub-rule 5(2)(c)]

5. Forest fire prevention and control operation [Sub-rule 5(2)(f)]
6. Soil and moisture conservation works in forest [Sub-rule 5(2)(g)]
7. Improvement of availability of food, water and shelter for WL habitat as
per management plan [Sub-rule 5(2)(i)]
8. Nursery [Sub-rule 5(3)(a)]
9. Third party monitoring [Sub-rule 5(3)(h)]

10. Activities as per Rule 6(a)(iv) and 6(a)(v)
11. Activities as per Rule 6(b)(i) and 6(b)(iii)
12. Casual engagement of local people 5(3)(f)
The activity wise details of the APOs are furnished below:
5
Agenda Item No.3

APO for the year 2021-22 of Gujarat State Authority
File No. NA-15/29/2020-NA
The Additional Principal Chief Conservator of Forests (Land) and Chief
Executive Officer, Gujarat State CAMPA vide letter no.FCA/31A/78/2021-22
dated 26.05.2021 has submitted the Annual Plan of Operation for the Financial
Year 2021-22. The APO has been approved by the Steering Committee of
Gujarat State Authority in its meeting 06.04.2021. The outlay of various
forestry and wildlife activities in APO 2021-22 is for Rs. 200.00 crore.
2. As per the APO provided by the Gujarat State Authority following
activities have been proposed for the financial year 2021-22.
CAF Rules Activity Unit Physical Financial Remarks
Target Target
(in ha.) (Rs. in
Crore)
1. Site Specific Activities
Mandatory Compensatory Afforestation Ha 16636.82 92.89
Activities and maintenance of CA
Additional conditions Ha 389.29 3.99
stipulated in the approval for
various diversion proposals
under FCA
Total 96.88
2. Proposed Activities as per Rule 5(2) under 80%
5(2)(b) Artificial regeneration 2634.8 20.27
Eco Restoration by plantation 1250 50.00
on the sides of Narmada
Canal banks
5(2)(d) Protection of plantation and 6776 4.82
forests;
5(2)(g) Soil and moisture
conservation works in the
forests;
(i) Water conservation and Nos 87 8.01
Storage specially in tribal
areas of Gujarat
(ii) River rejuvenation - 5.00
Catchment treatment of
Narmada River based on DPR
prepared by ICFRE (TFRI
Jabalpur)
6
CAF Rules Activity Unit Physical Financial Remarks

Target Target
(in ha.) (Rs. in
Crore)
(iii) Catchment treatment of 5.00
Sabarmati River as per DPR
prepared by using LIDAR
Technology
Total Rule 5(2) 93.10
3. Proposed Activities as per Rule 5 (3) under 20%
5(3)(a) Establishment and 5.21
Upgradation of modern
nurseries and other planting
stock production facilities for
production of quality planting
materials;
5(3)(e) Construction of residential 35 4.11
and official buildings in
forests for front line staff
deployed for protection of
forest and wildlife;
5(3)(h) Independent concurrent LS LS 0.50
monitoring and evaluation
and third party monitoring of
various works undertaken
from State Fund;
Total Rule 5(3) 9.82
Subtotal NPV 102.92
4. Proposed Activities as per Rule 6
6(b)(i) Management of Office 0.20
establishment
Subtotal Rule 6 0.20
Grand Total 200.00
Agenda Item No.4

APO for the year 2021-22 of Jharkhand State Authority
Annual Plan of Operation for the financial year 2021-22 has been
received from the State CAMPA Authority, Government of Jharkhand vide their
letter no. 189 dated 19th May, 2021 on the subject mentioned above. The state
CAMPA Authority has reported that the Steering committee of State Authority
7
of Jharkhand CAMPA has approved the Annual Plan of Operation (APO) over
an outlay of Rs.469.56 Crore only for the year 2021-22.
2. In this regard, the minutes of meeting of the Steering Committee of the
State Authority of Jharkhand CAMPA for the APO of 2021-22. The details of the
APO are provided as under:
CAF Rules Activity Physical Proposed Remarks
Target outlay
(Ha/Km/ (Rs. in
Gab/ Nos.) Crore)
1. Site specific activities
Mandatory Ongoing works Plantation, 40.26
activities Completion and maintenance
Maintenance works of
under ongoing plantations,
schemes. &
silvicultural
operations
Compensatory Afforestation (New
Work)
Advance work for block
plantation (Forest land),
plantation (Non Forest
land),
6,927.906 57.22
plantation Safety zone
(Forest land) Advance
work for block plantation
(condition appliance) (ha)
Advance work for linear
plantations safety zone
(Forest land), Advance
work for linear
166.467 20.99
plantations, Advance
work for linear
plantations (condition
compliance) (km)
Advance work for linear
plantations, Advance
work for linear 28.08 3.19
plantations (condition
compliance) (Gab)
Silviculture operation 2681.750 15.05
8

Target outlay
(Ha/Km/ (Rs. in
Gab/ Nos.) Crore)
(condition compliance)
(ha)
Soil and moisture
conservation (condition 877.070 2.69
compliance (ha)
Construction of check
dams (condition 58 4.28
compliance) (No)
Renovation of pond
(condition compliance) 4 0.28
(No)
Purchase of vehicle
(condition compliance) 1 0.15
(No)
Entry point activity
(Condition compliance) - 0.48
(LS)
Survey demarcation and
erection of permanent
207 0.08
pillar (Condition
compliance) (No)
Protection of flora fauna
(condition compliance) 4607.840 0.55
(Ha)
Fire protection (condition
1.48
compliance) (LS)
Total 106.40
Catchment Area Treatment Plan
Catchment area
treatment plan activities LS 22.69
(LS)
Integrated Wildlife Management Plan
Integrated Wildlife
management plan LS 51.91
activities (LS)
Subtotal of ongoing
221.26
works + CA+ CAT+ IWLP
2. Activities proposed under Net Present Value (NPV) 80%
9

Target outlay
(Ha/Km/ (Rs. in
Gab/ Nos.) Crore)
Ongoing works: Completion and maintenance of old
plantations: The physical and financial targets of various
activities proposed under this head are as follow
5(2)(b) Maintenance of block
plantation 6th year work 3491.500 1.11
(Ha)
5(2)(c) Silviculture, Natural
Regeneration & SMC 2nd
26,553.25 11.92
year, 3rd year and 4th
year work (Ha)
5(2)(g) Maintenance of
Nurseries ( previous year
124 11.18
2020-21), Maintenance
of Nurseries (Ha)
5(2)(i) Silviculture, Natural
regeneration and SMC 9645.00 54.15
1 year work (Ha)
st
5(2)(j) Advance work for block

plantations (forest land) 2900.00 17.13
(Ha)
5(2)(k) Soil and moisture
380.00 24.70
conservation works (No)
5(2)(d) Miscellaneous
interventions using Lidar 5.00
technology (LS)
5(2)(l) Developing/
strengthening of
2.00
permanent nursery
infrastructure (LS)
Consolidation of
12000 5.40
Boundary pillars (No)
Total 132.59
3. Activities proposed under Net Present Value (NPV) 20%
5(3)(a) Rejuvenation of
identified rivers through
2.00
forestry interventions
(LS)
5(3)(d) Casual engagement of
JFMCs/EDCs members
310 3.19
for protection of
forests.(No)
10

Target outlay
(Ha/Km/ (Rs. in
Gab/ Nos.) Crore)
5(3)(e) Provision of
68 3.28
causeway/culvert (No)
5(3)(f) New building
construction (Frontline
staff quarters: forest 39+1(part) 15.75
gauard-39 sets of
4units+1 part (No)
5(3)(h) Maintenance of forests
2567.20 5.33
roads (Km)
5(3)(i) Wildlife habitat
improvement and related 60.84
activities (LS)
5(3)(k) Distribution of improved
cook stove in forest 1809 0.36
fringes villages (No)
Distribution of solar
lantern in forest fringes 2370 0.94
villages (No)
Casual engagement of
home guards for
310 7.35
strengthening forest
protection (No)
Independent evaluation
of works under CAMPA 0.70
(LS)
e-green watch
portal training,
updating and uploading
0.30
of information and
strengthening of
respective offices (LS)
Forest certification and
food safety training 1.50
activities (LS)
Maintenance of greening
1.50
of denuded hills (LS)
Publicity-cum-awareness
2.00
programme (LS)
Total 105.04
Subtotal of NPV 237.63
11

Target outlay
(Ha/Km/ (Rs. in
Gab/ Nos.) Crore)
4. Activities proposed under Interest component [6(a) 60% &
6(b) 40%)]
6(a)(i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(v) Activities to be
undertaken for
conservation and 8.20
development of forest
and wildlife (LS)
6(b)(i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(v) Activities to be
undertaken for non-
recurring and recurring 1.80
expenditure of State
Authority (LS)
Subtotal Interest 10.00
Others (LS) 0.50
Grand Total 469.55
Agenda Item No.5

APO for the year 2021-22 of Kerala State Authority
The principal Chief Conservator of Forests, Government of Kerala vide

their letter no. FC5-840/2021 dated 30.04.2021 has submitted the Annual
Plan of Operation for the financial year 2021-22. The APO has been approved
by the Steering Committee of Kerala State Authority in its meeting held on
12th May, 2021 under the chairmanship of Chief Secretary, Kerala. The outlay
of various forestry and wildlife activities in APO 2021-22 is for Rs. 27.19 crore.
2. As per the APO provided by the Kerala State Authority following

activities have been proposed for the financial year 2021-22:
CAF Rules Works Name Physical Financial Remarks
Target Target
(Area in (Rs. in
Ha/Km) crore)
1. Site specific Activities - Compensatory Afforestation
Mandatory Compensatory
Works Afforestation 60.632 Ha 0.55
(Creation/Preparatory
12

Target Target
(Area in (Rs. in
Ha/Km) crore)
works)
Compensatory
Afforestation Works 76.02 Ha 0.22
(Maintenance)
Total 136.652 Ha 0.78
II Catchment Area Treatment Plan Fund Part
Mandatory River Bank Stabilization-
Works Raising and planting
Bamboo, reed and other 50 Ha 0.12
indigenous seedlings
along the river belt
River Bank Stabilization-
0.16
Raising seedlings
Total 50 Ha 0.29
Subtotal 1.07
2. Activities under "Not less than 80%" of the NPV fund
category
(I) Eco Restoration of monoculture plantations to natural
forests
Eco-restoration activities
in monoculture
5(2)(a), (b), plantations (Creation-by
(d), (f), (g) & planting 437.53 Ha. 3.86
(h) indigenous/misc.
species/preparatory
works)
Eco-restoration activities
5(2)(b), (d), in monoculture
303.56 Ha 1.53
(f), (g)&(h) plantations
(Maintenance)
Sub Total 741.09 Ha 5.4
(II) Augmentation
planting of mangroves
5(2) (a)&(b) 0.05
along degraded
mangrove forests
Total 0.05
(III) Greening the Urban
5(2) (b)&(j) 2
Spaces
Total 2
5(2)(d) (IV) Protection of 0.063
13

Target Target
(Area in (Rs. in
Ha/Km) crore)
Research Plots and Seed
Production Areas
Total 0.063
(V) Strengthening Forest Protection and Anti-poaching Units
Organizing Joint
Patrolling and Raids
5(2)(d) along inter-divisional and 0.46
inter-state forest
boundaries
Interior Camp-shed
5(2)(d) 0.93
maintenance
Provision of field ration
5(2)(d) 0.64
for interior camps
Field survival kits and
5(2)(d) 0.34
field equipments
Total 2.37
(V) Improvement of wildlife habitat as prescribed in the
approved wildlife management plan/working plan
Maintenance of Vayal
(marshy grasslands
5(2)(h) 102 Ha 0.15
which are source of
fodder for herbivores)
5(2)(h) Removal of Exotic Weeds 262 Ha 0.45
Habitat Enrichment in
5(2)(h) 2 Ha 0.06
degraded areas
Bird survey and
5(2)(h) 0.06
conservation
5(2)(h) Sea Turtle Conservation 0.11
Total 0.85
(VII) Forest fire prevention and control
operations
Engaging Fire Gangs
5 (2) (f) through participatory 2.15
forest management
Fire Awareness
5 (2) (f) 0.23
Campaigns
Fire Fighting
5 (2) (f) 0.8
Equipment’s
Creation of fireline/ fire -
5 (2) (f) 1.72
break
Total 4.9
14

Target Target
(Area in (Rs. in
Ha/Km) crore)
(VIII) Human Animal Conflict Mitigation
Establishment, operation
and maintenance of
5(2)(k) animal rescue centre, 1.25
and veterinary treatment
facilities for wild animals.
Purchase of equipments
5(2)(d)(k) /Ration for Rapid 0.59
Response Teams (RRTs)
Providing field
equipments and
5(2)(k) medicines for animal 0.22
rescue and veterinary
care facilities
Engaging watchers to
5(2)(k) mitigate human animal 2.57
conflict
Protective Gears for
5(2)(d)(k) wildlife conflict mitigation 0.41
staffs
Total 5.03
(IX)Forest & Wildlife Protection
Soil and Moisture
Conservation Digging/
5(2)(g) 0.13
Distillation of Water
Holes & Cleaning
5(2)(d)&(k) Providing Life Jackets 0.01
Purchase of Camera
5(2)(d)&(k) Traps for monitoring 0.07
Wildlife movement
Total 0.21
Subtotal 20.89
3. Activities under "Not more than 20%" of the NPV fund
category
(I) Better connectivity (Maintenance of roads including
bridges, roads, communications)
Maintenance of forest
5(3)(c) 0.4
roads
Maintenance of trek
5(3)(c) 0.43
paths/patrolling routes
Total 0.83
15

Target Target
(Area in (Rs. in
Ha/Km) crore)
5(3)(h) (II) Awareness Program 0.03
Conducting Nature
5(3)(h) Camps to School and 0.08
College
Infrastructure
Development in tribal
5(3)(a)&(i) colonies and setting up of 1.06
district permanent
nursery
5(3)(g) Monitoring & Evaluation 0.3
Providing infrastructure
at the State Forest
5(3)(b)&(d) Training Institutes for the 1.27
Field Officers on
mandatory training
Purchase of 10 Bolero
Jeeps (4WD) to facilities
protection and rapid
5(3)(b) 0.90
response in conflict
situations activities in
the field
Total 3.64
Total NPV 20% 4.47
Subtotal NPV 25.37
IV Interest - Fund Part
4. Activities under "Not less than 60% of the fund category
6(a)(i),(ii),(iii) To offset the incremental
& (iv) cost of CA, penal CA,
0.54
CAT plan, salary of CEO
and staff etc.
Sub Total 0.54
Total 0.54
5. Activities under “Not more than 40% of the fund category
Procurement of Office
6(b) 0.01
stationary items
6(b) Procurement of Laptops 0.03
Procurement of Desktop
6(b) 0.02
computer system
Procurement of computer
6(b) 0.01
printers
6(b) Procurement of 0.005
16

Target Target
(Area in (Rs. in
Ha/Km) crore)
Photocopier
Procurement of Office
6(b) 0.025
Furniture
Hiring of staff car for the
6(b) use of officers and staff of 0.05
the State Authority
6(a) Inspection & Evaluation 0.05
Total 0.20
Subtotal Interest part 0.74
Grand Total 27.19
Agenda Item No.6
APO for the year 2021-22 of Maharashtra State Authority

The Chief Executive Officer (Maharashtra State CAMPA) and Member
Secretary, Steering Committee, Government of Maharashtra vide letter No.
CAMPA/C.R.11(20-21)/49 dated 21st May, 2021 has submitted the Annual
Plan of Operation for the Financial Year 2021-22. The APO has been approved
by the Steering Committee of Maharashtra State Authority in its meeting
19.05.2021. The outlay of various forestry and wildlife activities in APO 2021-
22 is for Rs. 688.27 crore.
2. As per the APO provided by the Maharashtra State Authority following
CAF Rules Activity Physical Tar Financial Remarks
get Target
(in ha./km) (in crore)
Mandatory Compensatory Afforestation
Activities i. PPO 2452.64 ha 76.58
ii. FYO 438.18 ha 5.49
iii. SYO to 10th Y.O 11577.14 ha 23.25
CAT Plan 17.94
IWMP 1.00
Others
i. Plantation under Conditi 2.56
17

get Target
onal Works IIA
ii. Other work under Condit 13.28
ional Works IIC
Subtotal 140.11
2. Proposed Activities as per Rule 5(2) under NPV 80%
5(2)( a) Assisted Natural Regeneratio 971.00 ha 14.91
n (PPO Works)
5(2)(b) Artificial Regeneration
i. Artificial Regeneration TY 8556.93 ha 23.71
O Works
ii. Plantation along rever ba - 3.00
nks (as per ICFRE DPR) (Nati
onal Authority Scheme)
iii. Afforestation in scrub an - 4.99
d barren land
(National Authority Scheme)
LIDAR
iv. Gramvan Plantation (Ma 393.00 ha 0.68
nitainance)
5(2)(c) Silvicultural operations in f
orests
i. Fodder Development (PPO 2233.50 ha 31.89
Works)
ii. Fodder Development (FY 8316.86 ha 27.84
O Works)
iii. Cutback Operations 60.00 ha 0.03
5(2)(d) Protection of plantations a
nd forests
i. Encroachment removal & 118.50 ha 12.03
Forest Protection
ii. Survey, Demarcation & F 9418.41 km 25.57
encing of Sensitive forest area
s
iii. Boundry Pillar Class I 8370 nos. 6.69
iv. Boundry Pillar Class I I 9236 nos. 3.70
v. Construction, upgradatio 169 nos. 16.15
n and maintenance of Protect
ion camps/Protection Huts/F
orest Custody/Labour Shed e
tc.
18

get Target
vi. Establishment and maint 37 nos. 6.17
enance of wireless networks
vii. Improving mobility of fro 0.63
ntline staff for forest protecti
on & patrolling.
5(2)(e) Pest and disease control in 5.00 ha 0.18
forest
5(2)(f) Forest fire prevention and c
ontrol operations
i. Cutting and burning of fir 3.66

e lines
ii. Fire watchers 3.33
5(2)(g) Soil and moisture conserva
tion works in the forest
i. Construction of GabiyanB 1711 nos. 8.73
andhara
ii. Construction of Cement B 104 nos. 23.44
andhare
iii. Construction of check da 92 nos. 0.28
ms
iv. Creation of Forest ponds 182 nos. 5.47
/Vantale/Khodtadi
v. Deep CCT 754 nos. 4.72
vi. Earthan/Mati NalaBumd 118 nos. 3.97
s
vii. Soil and Water Conserva - 19.96
tion / Harvesting works (Nati
onal Authority Scheme) LIDA
R
viii. Catchment Area Works - 3.88
(CCT, Deep CCT) in scrub an
d barren land (National Auth
ority Scheme) LIDAR
5(2)(h) Voluntary relocation of village - 100.00
s from Protected areas (inclu
ding cost of land and other pr
operty of the field owners )
5(2)(i) Improvement of wildlife hab
itat as provided in the app
roved wildlife managemen
19

get Target
t plan or working plan
i. All wildlife Management w - 20.00
orks like Rejuvenation of lake
s & rivers, Medow developme
nt, Creation & maintenance o
f water sources/water holes f
or wildlife, Eradication of inv
asive species etc. will be carri
ed out as per approved Mana
gement plan
5(2)(k) Establishment, operatio
n and maintenance of an
imal rescue centre and v
eterinary treatment faciliti
es for wild animals
i. Establishment, operatio - 10.70
n and maintenance of ani
mal rescue centre/ Transit tr
eatment Centre
ii. Veterinary treatment faci - 5.50
lities for wild animals
iii. Animal seizing & capturi - 1.50
ng devices
iv. Rescue emergency operat - 2.60
ions
v. Strengthening of Rapid re - 0.70
scue teams
vi. Management of rewilding - 0.20
of tiger cubs
5(2)(l) Supply of wood-saving cook - 1.00
ing appliances and other fo
rest produce saving device
s in forest fringe villages as
specified by the National Aut
hority from time to time
5(2)(m) Management of biological d
iversity and biological reso
urce
i. New research projects by r - 2.95
esearch wing of Maharashtra
Forest Department
20

get Target
ii. Base studies for forestry - 7.63

and wildlife related subjects
iii. Conservation of Wildlife l - 0.30
ike GIB, Wild buffalo, Turtle,
Vultures, Owl, Sparrow, etc.
Subtotal Rule 5(2) 408.69
5(3)(a) Establishment, up-gradatio - 1.00
n and maintenance of mod
ern nurseries and other pl
anting stock production facil
ities for production of quality
planting materials
5(3)(b) Promoting conservation, sus
tainable use and document
ation of biological diversity i
ncluding preservation of habi
tats, conservation of land and
folk varieties and cultivars, d
omesticated stocks and breed
s of animals and microorgani
sms and chronicling of kno
wledge relating to biological
diversity
i. Documentation and Publi - 0.20
cations of study materials for
FTIs
ii. Conducting Workshops/T - 4.04
rainings/Seminars/ Conferen
ces for promoting conservatio
n & sustainable use of biolo
gical diversity and capacity b
uilding of the frontline staff &
officers.
iii. Capacity building and ge - 9.72
nder sensitization of Forest S
taff's through FTI /TERI/Fore
st academies/other institutio
ns/CFRMC/JFMC /PRI
iv. Improving training input - 0.17
21

get Target
s through guest faculties in F
orest Training Institutes / Fo
rest Academies
5(3)(c) Purchase and maintenanc - 8.00
e of equipment or device
s used for communicatio
n and information technolog
y for the purpose of protectio
n of forest and wildlife/AMC
5(3)(d) Construction, up-gradatio 1458.02 nos. 21.88
n and maintenance of inspe and km
ction paths, forest roads in f
orest area, fire lines, watch to
wers, check posts and timber
depots
5(3)(e) Construction of residentia
l and official buildings in f
orests for front line staff
s deployed for protection of f
orest and wildlife
i. Construction of Type I Q 74 nos. 14.06
uarters
ii. Construction of Type II Q 61 nos. 14.07
uarters
iii. Construction of Type III 21 nos. 5.67
Quarters
iv. Construction of Range o 28 nos. 10.36
ffice
v. Amenities for Woman Fro 67 nos. 3.20
nt line staff
vi. Spillover-2020-21 (Ongoi - 2.00
ng Construction)
5(3)(f) Casual engagement of local p - 1.50
eople or labours to assist reg
ular staff of State Forest Dep
artment for works for protecti
on of forest and wildlife unde
rtaken from State Fund
5(3)(g) Survey and mapping of forest - 1.00
areas for forest fire control, c
ompensatory afforestation wo
22

get Target
rks, soil and moisture conse
rvation, catchment area tre
atment and wildlife manage
ment for preparing annual p
lans to be executed from the
State Fund
5(3)(h) Independent concurrent mo - 2.00
nitoring and evaluation and
third party monitoring of vari
ous works undertaken from S
tate Fund
5(3)(i) Publicity-cum-awareness pro - 3.29
gramme and exhibition on th
e various schemes being impl
emented by the State Authori
ty from State Fund (including
Nature Awareness Program c
onduct by METDB)
Total NPV 510.85
4. Proposed Activities as per Rule 6(a) of the CAF Rule
s, 2018
6(a)(i) to offset the incremental c - 3.00
ost of compensatory affore
station and penal compens
atory afforestation at the incr
eased wage rates
6(a)(ii) to offset the incremental cost - 1.00
of catchment area treatment
plan at the increased wage ra
tes
6(a)(iii) to offset the incremental cost - 1.00
of wildlife management plan
at the increased wage rates
6(a)(iv) for disbursement of salar - 6.00
y and allowances of memb
ers and staffs, both regula
r and contractual, of the Stat
e Authority
6(a)(v) for disbursement of sitting fe - 2.00
es and allowances to nominat
ed members of the State Auth
23

get Target
ority
6(a)(vi) Activities referred to in sub r - 2.00
ules 2 and 3 of Rule 5.
6(a)(vii) Road side plantation by Soc
ial Forestry
i. Road side plantation (TY 525 km 5.16
O) (km.)
ii. Spillover of 2020-21 - 7.31
iii. Spillover of 2019-20 - 4.84
Subtotal Rule 6(a) 32.31
5. Proposed Activities as per Rule 6(b) of the CAF Rule
s, 2018
6(b)(i) Management of office establis - 1.50
hment
6(b)(ii) Office equipment includin - 1.50
g computers and peripheral
s and its maintenance fo
r the State Authority
6(b)(iii) Hiring of staff cars for the use - 0.50
of the officers and officials of
the State Authority
6(b)(iv) Hiring of buildings on lease fo - 0.50
r the office establishment and
residences of the officers of St
ate Authority
6(b)(v) Other contingencies for Mana - 0.50
gement of the state Authority,
with the approval of the Steer
ing Committee of the State A
uthority.
6(b)(vi) Other activities for managem - 0.50
ent of the forests and wildlife
not referred to in sub-rules (2
) and (3) with the prior appro
val of the steering committee
of the State Authority and inc
luded in the annual plan of o
peration.
Total Rule 6(b) 5.00
Subtotal Interest 37.31
Grand Total 688.27
24
Agenda Item No.7
APO for the year 2021-22 of Manipur State Authority

The Principal Chief Conservator of Forests and Head of Forest Force,

Government of Manipur vide letter no.7/19/2010/Forests/CAMNPA dated
12.05.2021 has submitted the Annual Plan of Operation for the financial year
2021-22. The APO has been approved by the Steering Committee of Manipur
State Authority in its meeting held on 12th May, 2021 under the chairmanship
of Chief Secretary, Manipur. The outlay of various forestry and wildlife
activities in APO 2021-22 is for Rs.25.09 crore.
2. As per the APO provided by the Manipur State Authority following


Target Target
(Area in ( Rs.in
Ha/Km) crore)
Compensatory Afforestation
i. Maintenance-I 666.94 0.80
ii. Maintenance-III 223.86 0.13
iii. Maintenance-IV 3227.94 1.89
iv. Maintenance-V 212.50 0.12
Total CA - 4331.24 2.94

Addl./Penal CA
i. Maintenance-IV 520.14 0.30
Mandatory Total Addl./Penal CA - 520.14 0.30
Activities Catchment Area Treatment
Plan
i. Creation 1125.00 1.96
ii. Maintenance-I 2250.00 1.67
ii. Maintenance-III 500.00 0.20
Total CAT Plan - 3875.00 3.82
Dwarf Species Plantation
i. Maintenance-IV 2.67 0.002
ii. Maintenance-V 18.00 0.011
Total DS Plantation 20.67 0.012
25

Target Target
(Area in ( Rs.in
Ha/Km) crore)
Sub Total 8747.05 7.08
5(2)(a) & Penal Net Present Value
(b) i. Maintenance-IV Mixed 400.00 0.16
Plantation
ii. Maintenance-IV ANR 600.00 0.14
Total Penal Net Present Value- 1000.00 0.30

5(2)(a) Artificial Regeneration
i. Advance work 850.00 2.67
ii. Creation 80.00 0.17
iii. Maintenance-I 1335.00 0.96
iv. Maintenance-III 1210.00 0.48
v. Maintenance-IV 180.00 0.07
vi. Maintenance-V 430.00 0.17
Total Artificial Regeneration 4085.00 4.52
5(2)(a) Mixed Plantation
i. Advance work 1090.00 3.42
ii. Creation 500.00 1.09
iii. Maintenance-I 1345.00 1.08
iv. Maintenance-II 0.00 0.00
v. Maintenance-III 795.00 0.35
vi. Maintenance-IV 1335.00 0.53
vii. Maintenance-V 30.00 0.01
Total Mixed Plantation 5095.00 6.48
5(2)(b) Assisted Natural Regeneration
i. Advance + Creation 450.00 1.40
ii. Maintenance-I 460.00 0.21
iii. Maintenance-II 280.00 0.08
iv. Maintenance-V 513.00 0.12
Total ANR 1703.00 1.81
5(2)(f) Forest fire prevention and Cont 1.07
5(2)(g) Soil and Moisture Conservation 0.77
Subtotal Rule 5 (2) 11883.00 14.95
3. Proposed Activities as per Rule 5 (3) UNDER NPV 20%
5(3)(d) Modern/ Special Nursery 0.16
Maintenance of Nursery 0.78
26

Target Target
(Area in ( Rs.in
Ha/Km) crore)
Construction of Quarter/ 1.50
Office/ Retaining Wall for
RO/BO
5(3)(h) Monitoring 0.30
5(3)(i) Awareness 15.00 0.26
Subtotal 5(3) 15.00 3.00
Subtotal of NPV 11898.00 17.95
4. Proposed Activities as per Rule 6(a) and Rule 6(b)
6(a)(iv) Wages of Contract Staff 0.03
6(b)(i) Management of office
0.03
establishment
Total of Interest 0.06
Grand Total 25.09
Agenda Item No.8

APO for the year 2021-22 of Punjab State Authority
File No.NA-15/33/2020-NA
The Principal Chief Conservator of Forests and Head of Forest Force,

Government of Punjab vide letter no. State Authority/2021-22/SPL/360 dated
12th May, 2021 has submitted the Annual Plan of Operation for the financial
year 2021-22. The APO has been approved by the Steering Committee of
Punjab State Authority in its meeting held on 04th May, 2021 under the
chairmanship of Chief Secretary, Punjab. The outlay of various forestry and
wildlife activities in APO 2021-22 is for Rs.222.15 crore.
2. As per the APO provided by the Punjab State Authority following activities
have been proposed for the financial year 2021-22:
CAF Rules Works Name Financial Remarks

Target
( Rs. in
crore)
Mandatory Compensatory Afforestation and Penal
Activities CA (Site Specific scheme as per
approval of GoI
i Compensatory Afforestation in Degraded 23.87
27

Target
( Rs. in
crore)
Forest on forest land
Compensatory Afforestation in Penal 0.25
CA(All Category)
Compensatory Afforestation on Non 0.06
Forest Land Category(All Category)
ii Compensatory Afforestation in Alkaline 0.34
areas(Forest land)
iii Compensatory Afforestation in 0.07
waterlogged areas (Forest land)
iv Enrichment Plantation under CA 3.69
v Additional Compensatory Afforestation 5.36
(Tall Plants)
vi Other activities under CA (patrolling, 13.37
Protection and monitoring related
equipment)
vii Entry Point Activities 2.64
Subtotal Site Specific Activities 49.65
2. Activities as per Rule 5(2) of the CAF Rules, 2018
A) Artificial regeneration (by Plantation)
5(2) (b) i Rehabilitation of Degraded Forest Areas 58.92
5(2) (b) ii Enrichment Plantation under CA 28.88
5(2) (b) iii Plantation in waterlogged areas 0.75
5(2) (b) iv Plantation in alkaline areas 2.26
5(2) (b) v plantation with Tall Plants on major 8.89
roads
5(2) (b) vi Irrigated Bamboo plantation Model in 3.93
Forest area
5(2) (c)and b) Silvicultural operations, Soil and 17.3
(g) Moisture Conservation works in the
Forest
5(2) (d) (e) c) protection of Plantation and Forest, 16.8
and (f) forest Fire prevention, control operation
and pest and disease control in Forest
5(2)(i) d) Biodiversity Management in wildlife 9.82
other than Zoos
3. Activities as per Rule 5(3) of the CAF Rules, 2018
5(3)(e) a) Construction of residential and official 1.84
buildings in forest for frontline staff up
to the rank of range officers deployed for
28

Target
( Rs. in
crore)
protection of forest and wildlife,
Construction, up-gradation and
maintenance of inspection paths, forest
roads in forest area, fire lines, watch
towers, check posts and timber depots
5(3)(g) b) Survey and mapping of forest area for 3.65
forest fire control compensatory
afforestation works and wildlife
management for preparing Annual plan
to be executed form State Fund,
Independent concurrent monitoring and
evaluation and third party monitoring of
various works under taken from State
Fund
5(3)(a) d) Establishment, up-gradation and 0.41
maintenance of modern nurseries and
other planting stock production facilities
for production of quality planting
material for Research activities
5(3)(c) e) Purchase and maintenance of equipment 1.41
or devices used for communication and
information technology for the purpose
of protection of forest and wildlife
5(3)(i) f) Publicity cum awareness programme 1.05
and exhibition on various schemes being
implemented by the State Authority from
State Fund and Capacity building of
personal involved in utilization of State
Fund
5(2)(L) g) Supply of wood saving cooking 4.08
appliances and other forest produce
saving devices in forest fringe villagers
5(3) h) Biodiversity Management in wildlife 3.56
other than Zoos
Total NPV 163.56
4. Activities as per Rule 6(a) and 6(b) of the CAF Rules,
2018
6(a) a) Activities out of 60% of Interest accured 1.8
on deposit in State Fund
6(b) b) (i) Activities out of 40% of interest 0.95
29

Target
( Rs. in
crore)
incurred on deposit in State Fund
6(b) (ii) Innovative Projects (out of interest 6.19
40%)
Subtotal Rule 6(a) and 6(b) 8.94
Grand Total 222.15
Agenda Item No.9

APO for the year 2021-22 of Sikkim State Authority
The Chief Conservator of Forests cum Chief Executive Officer,

Government of Sikkim vide letter no.A-23/SCaS/F&ED/2020-21/236 dated
31.05.2021 has submitted the Annual Plan of Operation for the financial year
2021-22. The APO has been approved by the Steering Committee of Sikkim
State Authority in its meeting held on 27.05.2021 under the chairmanship of
Chief Secretary, Sikkim. The outlay of various forestry and wildlife activities in
APO 2021-22 is for Rs.95.30 crore including spill over liabilities of APO of
2020-21.
2. As per the APO provided by the Sikkim State Authority following activities
have been proposed for the financial year 2021-22:
CAF Rules Activity Unit Phy. Fin. Remarks
Target Target
(in ha.) (Rs. in
Crore)
Mandatory Compensatory Afforestation 6.60
Activities (CA) Schemes
Catchment Area Treatment 5.50
(CAT) Plan
Integrated Wildlife Management 5.20
Plan
Subtotal 17.30
2. Proposed Activities as per Rule 5(2) under 80%
5(2) (a) Maintenance ANR (3rd year) HA 110 0.05
LA 245 0.07
Aided Natural Regeneration LS 20 0.16
30

Target Target
(in ha.) (Rs. in
Crore)
and allied activities including
protection, SMC etc. of
Shorearobusta (Sal)through
seed dibbling
5(2)(b) Artificial Regeneration
a. (Maintenance of nursery for 35 0.46
production of seedlings for
Artificial Regeneration)
b. Fodder Plantation LA 500 1.11
i. Maintenance (1st yr.) LA 100 0.05
c. Silvipasture Development LA 100 0.26
d. Avenue Plantation LA 30 0.19
e. Plantation of 10 0.06
zanthoxylumarmatum
(Bokeytimbur) and
linderaneesiana (SelTimbur)
f. Plantation of mixed 50 0.28
species of medicinal plants
g. Bamboo Plantation (Large LA 200 1.14
bamboo with Rhizome)
h. Aerial Plantation LA 10 0.25
5(2)(c) Silviculture Operation in
forests
a. Patch plantation of Lakuri 4 0.02
b. Malagiri patch plantation 4 0.02
c. Raising of oak seedlings 1 0.04
d. Silviculture thining of 35 0.46
cryptomeria (Dhupi)
e. Study on status of LS 0.02
introduced exotic tree species
in Sikkim
f. Restoration of locally LS 0.15
threatened plant species
g. Demonstration / pilot LS 0.03
studies plot for raising
prioritised HA medicinal plants
in cultivation model
31

Target Target
(in ha.) (Rs. in
Crore)
h. Cost and collection of LS 0.04
priotised medicinal plant
species including land
development and QPM
development
i. Testing of phytochemical LS 0.06
profile / nutritional content of
prioritised medicinal species
j. Thining of teak plantation 5 0.07
(Tectonagrandis)
k. Study to assess present LS 0.10
status of natural
Cycaspectinatapopulation in
Sikkim
l. Preparation of biodiversity LS 0.14
learning kits
m. Field survey for LS 0.25
assessment of degraded forest
land by Working Plan Division
5(2)(d) Protection of plantations and
forests
a. Construction of Dry Stone HA 12 1.35
Fencing LA 20 1.91
b. Construction of water tank 4 0.12
for protection of plantations
c. Construction of Catch LA 1700 0.81
Water Drain in different HA 500 0.28
locations
d. Construction of CCM Wall 2552 1.43
in land slide areas
e. Construction of Sausage LA 2094 0.76
Wall/Crate Wall in land slide HA 400 0.17
areas
f. Construction of DRSM Wall 1900 0.44
in land slide areas
g. Barbed Wire Fencing with 10 0.38
wooden post along forest
boundary line at vulnerable
areas
32

Target Target
(in ha.) (Rs. in
Crore)
5(2)(f) Forest fire prevention and
control operations
a. Strengthening / 0.15
maintenance of WT
communication system
b. Procurement of high LS 0.30
altitude protective field gears to
forest field staffs
5(2)(g) Soil & Moisture Conservation LA 200 1.10
in forests HA 70 0.57
Broom Grass Plantation 300 0.58
a. Maintenance (1st yr.) 565 0.30
5(2)(i) Improvement of wildlife habitat
as provided in the approved
wildlife management plan or
working plan
a. Management of wildlife LS 2.85
habitat of Barsey
Rhododendron Sanctuary,
West Sikkim
b. Management of wildlife LS 1.19
habitat of Khangchendzonga
National Park (KNP)
c. Management of wildlife LS 1.00
habitat of Fambonglho Wildlife
Sanctuary, East Range
d. Management of wildlife LS 0.40
habitat of Kitam Bird
Sanctuary
e. Management of wildlife LS 0.36
habitat of Shingba
Rhododendron Sanctuary,
North Sikkim
5(2)(k) Establishment, operation &
maintenance of animal
rescue centre and veterinary
treatment facilities for wild
animal
a. Maintenance of animal LS 0.15
rescue Centre at HZP
33

Target Target
(in ha.) (Rs. in
Crore)
b. Improvement and LS 0.63
upgradation of HZP
c. Veterinary treatment of wild LS 0.15
animals
5(2)(m) Management of Biological
diversity land biological
resource
a. Development of biodiversity LS 3.27
park and oper butterfly garden
along with other allied activities
and research node at
Kitchudumra, South Sikkim
(Phase II)
b. Management and LS 2.37
reclamation of degraded forest
land into nature park /
biodiversity park at Labarbotey
in North Sikkim (Phase I)
c. Management and LS 0.90
improvement of Biodiversity
Loop Garden at Kabi, North
Sikkim
(Phase II)
d. Rejuvination and LS 1.00
conservation of Kechupalri
Lake, West Sikkim
3. Proposed Activities as per Rule 5 (3) under 20%
5(3)(a) Establishment, up-gradation 0.20
and maintenance of modern
nurseries and other planting
stock production facilities for
production of quality planting
materials.
5(3)(d) Construction, up-gradation 1.20
and maintenance of inspection
paths, forest roads in forest
area, watch towers, check
posts, timber depots
5(3)(e) Construction/upgradation of 4.61
34

Target Target
(in ha.) (Rs. in
Crore)
residential quarters/barrack of
Head Forest Guard/Forest
Guard and official building in
forests for frontline staffs up
the rank of Range officers
5(3)(f) Casual engagement of local 0.90
people or labours to assist
regular staff of forest
department for protection of
forest and wildlife
5(3)(h) Independent concurrent 0.70
monitoring and evaluation and
third party monitoring of works
undertaken from State Fund of
various works undertaken from
state fund.
4. Proposed Activities as per Rule 6(a) under 60%
6(a)(i) Compensatory afforestation 1.77
(Cost escalation)
6(a)(ii) Catchment Area Treatment 3.79
Plan for Hydro Electric
Project (Cost escalation)
6(a)(iii) Integrated Wildlife Management 0.16
Plan (Cost
escalation)
Others (Biodiversity 0.20
Conservation & Management
Plan) (Cost escalation)
6(a)(iv) Salaries and Allowances of 0.31
Members and Staff (list
enclosed)
Salary of proposed drivers 0.12
Salary of Monitoring Assistant 0.04
6(a)(vi) Activities referred to in sub-
rules (2) and (3) of rule 5
a. Upgradation and 2.05
imrovement of government
timber depot, Chuba, East
Sikkim
35

Target Target
(in ha.) (Rs. in
Crore)
6(a)(vi) Survey & demarcation of forest
areas:-
a. Survey of khasmal and 0.60
protected forests for
development of graphical
database on protected forests
Phase 2
b. Procurement of survey 0.10
equipment for Survey &
Demarcation Division
Maintenance of World Hertiage 0.40
site (Khangchendzonga
National Park)
Subtotal Rule 6(a) 9.54
4. Proposed Activities as per Rule 6(b) under 40%
6(b)(i) Management of office
establishment:-
a. Maintenance/strengthening 0.40
of office of the State Authority
6(b)(ii) Office equipment including 0.10
computers and peripherals and
its annual maintenance for
State Authority
CAG Audit Fees 0.07
6(b)(i) POL/HSD and maintenance of 0.40
vehicles & machineries of state
authority offices
Construction of new conference 0.50
hall for State Authority
Improvement of Database 0.21
Management System
Advertisement / publication / 0.10
conference under State
Authority
6(b)(vi) Other activities for
management of forest and
wildlife including
upgradation/improvement
etc.
a. Upgradation and 2.50
36

Target Target
(in ha.) (Rs. in
Crore)
improvement of Red Panda
Camp and conservation zone in
Barsey Rhododendron
Sanctuary
b. Protection of Forest 0.26
Property (Range Office,
Nursery, FG Quarters) at
Yoksam from Landslide
Conservation and treatment of 1.24
landslide areas at Tsong RF,
West Sikkim damaged due to
landslide created by cloud
burst that occurred on 16-09-
2019
Conservation and treatment of 0.59
landslide areas at Lingchom,
North Sikkim
Subtotal Rule 6(b) 6.36
Others (Biodiversity 1.88
Conservation Plan)
Grand Total 73.15
Sl. Activities APO 2021- Spill-over Grand

No. 22 liabilities of APO Total
(Amount in 2020-21 (Amount
crore) (Amount in crore) in crore)
1 Compensatory Afforestation 6.60 7.60 7.36
(CA) schemes
2 Catchment Area Treatment 5.50 1.20 6.70
(CAT) Plan
2 Integrated Wildlife 5.20 4.12 9.32
Management Plan
3 Net Present Value 38.06 8.13 46.19
4 CAF Interest 15.91 6.28 22.19
5 Others (Biodiversity 1.88 1.66 3.54
Conservation Plan)
Grand Total 73.15 22.15 95.30
37
Agenda No. 10
(I) Additional APO Jammu & Kashmir for the year 2021-22
The Principal Chief Conservator of Forests & HoFF, Jammu and Kashmir
vide letter no. PCCF/CAMPA/2021-22/756-57 dated 22nd May, 2021 has
submitted an Additional APO for the Financial Year 2021-22 for Rs.19.00
crore. It has been stated that the additional APO is as per the decision of the
State Steering committee of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) CAMPA in its 19th
meeting held on 26th February 2021 and the Chief Secretary, J&K Govt.
(Chairman, Steering Committee) has approved it. The activity wise details of
Additional APOs for the Financial Year 2021-22 are as follows:
Sl. Activity Physical

Financial CAF
No. Target Target Rule
(in crore)
1. Activities proposed as per Rule 5(2) of the CAF Rule, 2018
a Artificial/Natural regeneration 5(2)(a)
Area (In ha) 799.57
i. Plantation (in lakh nos) 5.36 1.32
ii. Fencing (in lakh Rft) 1.75 9.25
iii. Patch Sowing (Patching in lakh nos) 0.68 0.05
iv. Grass/MFP Slips (in lakh nos) 0.1 0.01
v. Seed Balls (in lakh nos) 1.58 0.03
vi. Fodder/Pasture Development 2.06 0.16
(Patches in Lakh No.)
vii. Plant Production (Plants in lakh no) 6.94 0.50
b Silvicultural Operation in Forests 5(2)(c)
i. Bush/Lantana Clearance (in Ha) 8.3 0.02
c Soil and Moisture Conservation Works 5(2)(g)
in Forests
i. SMC works/DRSM (in cum) 6247 1.33
ii. Crates (in nos) 1532 2.75
iii. WHS (in nos) 6 0.12
iv. Land surface dressing (in cum) 490 0.02
v. Check Dam (in nos) 6 0.05
vi. Rock falling protection work/soil 0.35
erosion control materials/speed
barriers
2. Activities as per Rule 5(3) of the CAF Rule, 2018
a Purchase and maintenance of IT 1.33 5(3)(c)
equipment’s for communication and
Information Technology for forest
38
Sl. Activity Physical Financial CAF

No. Target Target Rule
(in crore)
protection/awareness
B Construction, up-gradation & 1.30 5(3)(d)
maintenance of inspection paths, forest
roads, watch towers and check posts
C Construction of residential and official 0.35 5(3)(e)
buildings in forests for front line staffs
deployed for protection of forests
D Casual engagement of local people or 0.05 5(3)(f)
labours to assist regular staff for works
for protection of Forests
E Training & capacity building 0.03 5(3)
Grand Total 19.00
(II) Supplementary APOs 2021-22 to clear liabilities under CAMPA of

Financial Year 2019-20
The Principal Chief Conservator of Forests & HoFF, Jammu and Kashmir
vide the same letter has also submitted a Supplementary APO for 2021-22 for
Rs 7.68 crore. It has been stated that these are basically liabilities under
CAMPA of FY 2019-20 which arose due to lockdown related to COVID-19
pandemic in the last week of March 2020. The liabilities were verified by a
committee constituted for the purpose. The Supplementary APO was placed
before the State Steering Committee of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) CAMPA in
its 19th meeting held on 26th February 2021. The Committee agreed to the
proposal and suggested that “the liability amount could be adjusted against the
overall un-utilized outlay of the current financial year, considering that the
anticipated expenditure at the end of the current financial year is likely to be
less in relation to the approved APO”. The details of liabilities mentioned in the
Supplementary APO are as follows:
Sl. Activity Financial CAF
No. Target Rule
(in crore)
a. Artificial/Natural regeneration 5(2)(a)
i. Plantation 0.23
ii. Fencing 1.70
iii. Sowing / Dibbling 0.00
iv. Pasture Development 0.01
v. Plant Production 0.27
b. Protection of plantations and forests 5(2)(d)
39
Sl. Activity Financial CAF

No. Target Rule
(in crore)
i. Management of Forest boundaries 0.70
ii. Maintenance of old closures 0.03
c. Forest Fire Prevention and Control Operations 0.04 5(2)(f)
d. Solid and Moisture Conservation works in Forests 5(2)(g)
i. DRSM 0.08
ii. Crates 0.17
iii. WHS 0.30
e. Catchment Area Treatment Plan (Rejevunation of 0.21 5(2)(a to
Rivers of J&K g)
f Conservation, Protection and management of 0.21 5(2)(i)
protected areas (Wildlife Main)
a Purchase and maintenance of equipment’s for 0.06 5(3)(c)
communication and information technology for
forest protection
b Construction, up-gradation & maintenance of 0.02 5(3)(d)
inspection paths, forest roads, watch towers and
check posts
c Construction of residential and official buildings in 0.95 5(3)(e)
forests for front line staffs deployed for protection of
forests
d Casual engagement of local people or labours to 0.08 5(3)(f)
assist regular staff for works for protection of
Forests
e Studies and Publications 0.08 5(3)(i)
f Infrastructure for protection and management of 2.53 5(3)
protected area
Grand Total 7.68
Earlier, PCCF & HoFF had sought approval of the National Authority to
clear the pending liabilities without the approval of the Steering Committee of
the State Authority. The National Authority vide communication No. F. No. NA-
15/14/2020-NA dated 24th February 2021 conveyed that the liability amount
should be submitted in a form of S the Supplementary APO after due approval
of the Steering Committee of the State Authority.
The Addition APO for 2020-21 and Supplementary APO for 2020-21 of J&K
State CAMAP is submitted for the consideration of the Executive Committee of
the National Authority.
40
Agenda Item No.11
Project proposal on Establishment of Centre of Excellence on Forest Fire

A proposal has been submitted by Forest Protection Division for
establishment of Centre of Excellence on Forest Fire (CoEFF) at the Forest
Research Institute, Dehradun and is enclosed as Annexure-A
The vision of the centre is to provide leadership for deriving global
solutions to issues related to forest fires across the world; to excel in
prevention, detection & suppression and Post Fire management including
assessment of losses & restoration by providing leadership, best practices,
research and support and to serve as "think tank" for MOEF&CC, Government
of India. The Centre will be established at ICFRE whereas all the administrative
setup will be in Forest Research Institute, Dehradun with Forest Survey of
India and Directorate of Forestry Education as two major partner institutes.
The Director, FRI will act as Head of the Centre. Head, Silviculture will act as
member secretary of Advisory Board.
The activities of the Centre may be categorized into 'Pre-Fire, During-Fire
and Post-Fire management' in forest areas. In this endeavour, Centre will work
on the following thrust areas for Forest Fire Research as given below: -
1. Real time Detection and monitoring of Forest Fire
2. Early warning system
3. Forest Fire vulnerability and Climate Change
4. Economic and Ecological impact of Forest Fire
5. Forest Fire and biodiversity
6. Forest Fire and weed
7. Forest Fire and livelihood
8. Post-fire restoration and rehabilitation
9. Training and capacity building
41
Activity wise requirement of funds for CoEFF

Sr. Activity Year wise Financial Requirement (Rs. In Lakhs)
2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 2024-25 Total
1. FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE

a. Establishment Cost of Centre (Basic Infrastructure) 84.50
b. Development of National Web Po
rtal for Database Managemen
24.96 9.46 9.46 9.46 53.34
t and Knowledge Disseminat
ion
c. Development of national forest fi
re knowledge network 55.73 60.73 60.73 60.73 237.92
d. Development of Standard Operat

15 27 24.5 24.5 91.00
ing Procedures (SOPs)
e. Study on impact of future Clima
te change scenario on Forest Fir 65.73 50.73 42.73 36.73 195.92
e vulnerability
f. Strengthening of SFDs and com
This activity is being undertaken through AICRP-
munities by Fire suppression too
14 Forest Fire Research and Knowledge Managem
ls and techniques
ent (2020-25)
g. Assessment of damage and econ This activity is being undertaken through AICR
omic losses due to forest fire P-14 Forest Fire Research and Knowledge Man
agement (2020-25) on pilot basis in 5 forest ty
pes and 15 states for 8 parameters only (Timbe
r, Fuel wood, Fodder, NTFP, Biodiversity (floral
), Carbon storage. carbon
h. Post fire restoration and r
ehabilitation strategy in fire affec 52.49 52.49 52.49 52.49 209.96
ted areas
TOTAL (FRI COMPONENT) 275.91 208.41 197.91 190.41 872.64
2. DIRECTORATE OF FORESTRY EDUCATION
a. Training of trainers (ToTs) and
capacity building of forestry pe
rsonnel, JFMCs, EDCs and ot
her stakeholders (Training in fi 26.15 26.15 26.15 26.15 104.6
re suppression, prevention, de
tection, and post-fire
reporting for field staff)
3. FOREST SURVEY OF INDIA
a. Establishment of lab 150 20 20 20 210
42
Sr. Activity Year wise Financial Requirement (Rs. In Lakhs)

2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 2024-25 Total
b. Procurement of hardware, softw

are 100 10 10 10 130
and other equipment
c. Novel studies, data acquisition
and 80 45 45 45 215
special studies
d. Procurement and maintenan
ce of 84.96 71.96 71.96 71.96 300.84
vehicle, HR support
e. Travel, GT, Report printing and
60.19 31.20 31.196 31.196 153.78
contingency charges
Subtotal 475.15 178.16 178.16 178.16 1009.62
Forest Fire Risk Zonation Mapp 176.02 57.77 11 NIL 244.79
ing
TOTAL (FSI COMPONENT) 651.17 235.93 189.16 178.16 1254.41
GRAND TOTAL (FRI, DFE, FSI) 953.24 470.49 413.22 394.72 2231.65
The proposal is submitted for consideration of the Executive
Committee of the National Authority under Section15 (1) (ii) of CAF Act,
2016.
Agenda Item No.12

Pilot project on “Forest for Food Security and Nutrition”
A project proposal entitled, "Forest for Food Security and Nutrition” has
been submitted by Research & Training Division of this Ministry vide email
dated the 1st June, 2021and is enclosed as Annexure-B
The pilot project aims to target people with extreme poverty, living in the
forest fringes of Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand and Odisha. These states have
rich forest reserve and large population of poor forest dependent communities.
The project has been formulated in collaboration with State Forest
Departments and World Food Programme (WFP), India.
The project will be implemented through respective state Forest
Departments of the participant states with technical support from World Food
Programme, India and ICFRE. One Forest Division in each state will be taken
up for the pilot. The project will work with range of stakeholders to increase
productivity of forests for food and nutrition for the local communities and
establish a system of sustainable harvest and to improve forest management
for concomitant improvement in the flow of eco-system services (water and
43
nutrients) from forests to the nearby agricultural/fish, which will help both the
forests and the farms. Investment in community empowerment through
improved knowledge, livelihoods and improved physical and economic access to
forest foods will lead to a positive sustainable change. This will further lead to
re-establishing the weakened organic link between forests and local
communities thereby increasing community support towards forest
conservation.
The total cost of the pilot project is Rs.45.55 Crore out of which Rs.40.35
Crore are proposed to be funded from National Fund and the remaining
amount is proposed to be funded from WFP India and other ministries, like
Ministry of Agriculture and Ministry of Tribal Affairs through TRIFED.

2016.
Agenda Item No.13

'Project Proposal on Enhancement of Water Yield and Water Quality
through Soil and Moisture Conservation Measures'
A project proposal titled ' Enhancement of Water Yield and Water Quality
through Soil and Moisture Conservation Measures' has been submitted by
ICFRE in response to the communication from NAEB - No.E.13-5/2021-B-I
(NAEB) dated 20th May 2021 and as decided in the meeting Chaired by
DGF&SS on 15th May 2021. The proposal is attached at Annexure -C. This is
to be taken up in collaboration with TERI, New Delhi covering 6 states namely
Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Meghalaya, Rajasthan, Telangana and
Uttarakhand.
The main thrust of the proposal is to enhance the hydrological services (i.e
water yield and water quality) of degraded watershed in Uttarakhand,
Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Telangana and Meghalaya. The
objectives are as below:
1. To quantify the morphometric characteristics and prioritization of

watershed
2. To restore the degraded watershed by intervening soil and water
conservation measures.
3. To enhance water yield and water quality (surface and ground water)
4. To minimize the sediment concentration and sediment load in
streams/runoff/river water.
44
Proposed Activities:
1. Selection of watershed
2. Detailed topographical survey of the watershed
3. Prioritization of the watershed for implementation of protection and
conservation measures through multi criteria analysis.
4. Preparation of detail plan of interventions
5. Social acceptance & approval of plan by society
6. Implementation of the soil and water conservation measures
7. Capacity Building
8. Dissemination of watershed management information through web-portal
9. Monitoring and Evaluation
Methodology:
1. Study to be conducted in six states (Uttarakhand, Rajasthan,

Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Telangana and Meghalaya) covering
three watersheds from each state. Assessment of the water yield
and water quality requires the estimation of hydro-meteorological
variables and a comprehensive quantification of other hydrological
processes occurring in the catchment.
2. High resolution (1:100) data required for planning with high
accuracy and it would be possible by survey using drone and
DGPS
3. The watershed proposed to be divided into sub watershed on the
basis of stream order for prioritization of the sub-watershed.
Different kind of tools and techniques (i.e. MCA, Hierarchical
model, ANN, PCA and other suitable/appropriate tools and
techniques) to be used for prioritization of the sub-watershed and
further implementation of protection and conservation measures
proposed to be executed.
4. Capacity building through various programs to identified training
groups such as the forest department and local stakeholders
including JFMCs.
5. Periodic monitoring and evaluation for all the trials by maintaining
database of all activities, tree species etc Based on the performance
of different combinations of species including ground, mid and top
flora, the protocols to be standardized.
6. The indicators for monitoring would include: Tree species, Grass
and shrub species etc.
7. Unmanned Arial Vehicle (Drone) Applications in Watershed
management for (a) Digital Elevation Model prepared using UAV
(b) High Resolution Aerial Imagery prepared by UAV.
Timeline: The proposed activities are spread over 4 years
45
Anticipated results and outcome:

The project would facilitate the enhancement of water yield and water
quality of the watershed. Information collected from this study would be
helpful to understand and analyze the relative contribution of these land
uses towards important ecosystem services which would aid decision
making and devising state-wide mitigation strategies towards soil, water
and vegetation conservation for tangible and intangible benefits in the
watershed. The project work is also expected to produce quality research
publications and extension materials.
Financial Proposal: Rs.90.00 Crores. Execution Cost proposed for six
states covering 8080 ha @ Rs.1 lakh /ha would be Rs. 80.80 crores.
A. Details of Project Cost (Rs. in Crore).
Sl. Particulars ICFRE TERI

No.
1. Professional Cost (for four years) 2.00 1.00
2. Direct Expenses for Boarding and Lodging (for 0.40 0.20
four years)
3. Detailed topographical survey (by using DGPS 0.90
and Drone to generate the geospatial data and
maps i.e. Contour Map, Slope Map, Aspect Map,
Elevation map, Soil map, LULC map, Flow
direction & flow accumulation map of 1:100
scale
4. Instrumentation for the monitoring and 3.70
evaluation of the watershed (for 18 sites)
 Automatic weather station
 Gauging stations (outlets and springs)
 Soil moisture observatory
 Water quality parameter sensors
5. Work station computer (02) Printer and other IT 0.08
equipment and accessories
6. Research Associate (02) (one of GIS &RS with 0.20
Soil and water conservation)
7. Capacity Building of Local JFMC members and 0.25
Front-Line Staff including preparation of
46
Sl. Particulars ICFRE TERI

No.
training modules, reading material etc.
8. Monitoring of executed work, pre and post water 0.25
testing, survey of ground, mid and top flora and
development of business plan
9. Development of Web-portal 0.02
Total 7.30 1.70
Grand Total 90.00
The funding to associated institutes would be made by internal arrangements
B. Execution Cost
Sl. No. State Area (ha.) Total Cost

(@INR 1 lakh/ha)
1. Jharkhand 1500 15,00,00,000
2. Madhya Pradesh 1500 15,00,00,000
3. Meghalaya 820 8,20,00,000

4. Rajasthan 1500 15,00,00,000
5. Telangana 1260 12,60,00,000

6. Uttarakhand 1500 15,00,00,000
Total 8080 80,80,00,000

2016.
47
Agenda Item No.14

Status of Project titled “Preparation of DPR with LiDAR Survey for One
Pilot Watershed in Forest Area of Each State/ UT” implemented by
WAPCOS Limited under Rule 15(1)(iii) of CAF Act and post-facto approval
under Rule 15(1)(ii) of CAF Act
Detailed Agenda Note will follow
Agenda Item No.15

Any other matter with the permission of the chair.
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Proposal for Establishment of Centre of Excellence on Forest Fire Annexure A
Proposal for the Establishment of
Centre of Excellence on Forest Fire

(CoEFF)
Submitted to
Forest Protection Division
Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
Government of India
New Delhi-110003
by
Forest Research Institute
Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education
P.O. New Forest, Dehradun - 248006
April, 2021
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Proposal for Establishment of Centre of Excellence on Forest Fire

Proposal for the Establishment of Centre of Excellence on Forest Fire
(CoEFF)
BACKGROUND
Forest fires have become an issue of global concern. In many other countries,
wildfires are burning larger areas, and fire seasons are growing longer due to a
warming climate. With growing populations in and around the edges of forests, more
lives and property are now at risk from fire. Despite the staggered research done in the
management of forest fires in India, field-verified data on the extent and severity of fires
are lacking and understanding of the longer-term impacts of forest fires on the health of
India‟s forests remains weak.
A joint report was submitted by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate
Change, Government of India, and the World Bank in June 2018 on the subject of
„STRENGTHENING FOREST FIRE MANAGEMENT IN INDIA‟. The aim of the study
was to strengthen knowledge on forest fires by documenting current management
systems, identifying gaps in implementation, and making recommendations on how
these systems can be improved. Consequent to the recommendations of the joint report,
MoEF&CC & World Bank (2018) recognized ICFRE in coordination with FSI as lead
implementer for National Centre of Excellence on Forest Fire.
According to joint report by MoEF&CC & World Bank (2018) there is no dearth
of excellent research organizations in India that have been working on various aspects
of Forest Fire Prevention and Management (FFPM). The Forest Survey of India (FSI)
and Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE), both headquartered in
Dehradun, Uttarakhand, stand out as potential host institutions for a centre of
excellence that can provide guidance to SFDs and develop new methods for preventing
and managing forest fires. Stronger collaboration of the SFDs with research entities
would enable the states to conduct experiments and provide data to these institutes for
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further developing and refining their research in the field, ultimately leading to better
fire management outcomes on the ground. Indeed, FSI and FRI are already active in
providing training and technical support to the state forest departments.
Research organizations and others are also important sources of knowledge on the
long-term impacts of fire, which can help inform and guide the FFPM planning process
in the country. Strengthening the collaboration between forest departments and
researchers working on FFPM is critical for efficiently addressing the challenge of
frequent, unwanted fires in India‟s forests, especially in the context of a changing
climate. The opportunities for training forest officials must also be tapped into for
improving FFPM outcomes on the ground (MoEF&CC & World Bank, 2018).
Following activities are envisaged under the proposed Centre of Excellence on

Forest Fire-
a. Improvement in research and development facilities:

i. Procurement of Goods (equipment & software), components, sub systems
and minor infrastructure for improvement in research and development
facilities.
ii. Engagement of experts & part-time consultants.
iii. Testing and Prototype development of upgraded and modern firefighting
equipment.
iv. Data collection, dissemination and documentation.
b. Coordinated work with other research institutes in India,
c. Capacity building of stakeholders, managers, team leaders etc.
d. Seminars, conferences workshops, and IEC activities (information, education and
communication),
e. Project grant: Project grant to researchers to venture into new directions within
the specified theme.
Joint report by MoEF&CC & World Bank (2018) highlighted that the creation of a
Centre of Excellence should advance policy relevant research with a focus on FFPM.
Such a centre should bring together other agencies and institutes with a stake in FFPM
and disaster management, including FSI and NDMA. ICFRE, with data and technology
support from FSI, could develop such a centre of excellence.
This document proposes establishment of Centre of Excellence on Forest Fire at

the Forest Research Institute, Dehradun. The mandate for this unit, outlined in this
Proposal, has been developed through a collaborative process during the past few
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months, including meeting with the major partner organisations such as Forest Survey
of India, Dehradun & Directorate of Forestry Education, MoEF&CC. This document
provides the rationale for establishment of the Centre as an important enabling
mechanism for achieving the goals outlined in the National Action Plan on Forest Fire
(NAPFF) to undertake data collection and analysis, frontline research in all aspects of
forest fires, and development of fire-fighting equipment and tools. It outlines the
Centre‟s functions in the context of institutional priorities and its substantial experience
with the research & training activities in this field, combined with the collaboration
potential in terms of intra- and inter-institutional connections.
INTRODUCTION
Fire has been a part of India‟s landscape since time immemorial and can play a
vital role in healthy forests, recycling nutrients, helping tree species regenerate,
removing invasive weeds and pathogens, and maintaining habitat for some wildlife.
Occasional fires can also keep down fuel loads that feed larger, more destructive
conflagrations. But as population and demands on forest resources have grown, the
cycle of fire has spun out of balance. Large areas of degraded forest are now subjected
to burning on an annual or semi-annual basis. As these fires are no longer beneficial to
forest health, India is increasingly wrestling with how to improve the prevention and
management of unwanted forest fires (MoEF&CC & World Bank, 2018).
In India, one estimate shows that nearly 49,000 square kilometer of forests - an
area larger than the size of Haryana – were burned in 2014 alone (a mild year compared
to others in the recent past). Apart from the damage, forest fires pose a serious threat to
India‟s ability to expand its forest and tree cover by 2030 to create an additional carbon
sink of 2.5 to 3 billion tons of CO2 equivalent, in keeping with the country‟s Nationally
Determined Contribution (INDC). Indeed, India‟s Ministry of Environment, Forest and
Climate Change (MoEF&CC) has identified forest fires as a major driver of forest
degradation, and noted that the lack of a comprehensive assessment of what drives
forest fires, and the best way to manage them, hinders effective action (MoEF&CC &
World Bank, 2018).
According to joint report by MoEF&CC & World Bank (2018) post-fire

management is not being treated as part of the FFPM process and is probably the
weakest link. Post-fire data collection is an essential part of the fire management process
and crucial to producing informed FFPM plans and policies. However, this part of the
management process is given little priority and is often performed solely for the sake of
fulfilling administrative requirements. Field reporting and the investigation of fire
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causes may be hindered by insufficient field staff, difficult terrain, and a lack of
communication infrastructure in more remote areas. A lack of standard protocols for
collecting and reporting information on fires, including their causes, has made it
impossible to aggregate data across states. The greater issue, though, are the
institutional disincentives for accurate and complete reporting. Fires larger than a few
hectares trigger extra work for field staff to report and investigate offenses, and the
department and its officers may be held responsible for reported monetary damages
due to fires. The states will need help from MoEF&CC and the research community in
developing standard methods and protocols for assessing ecological impacts and
economic damages from fire.
The NRSC scientists have also found evidence of fires affecting forests in areas of
significant ecological value, especially for biodiversity conservation (Reddy et al.
2017a). Between 2006 and 2015, the authors report that forest fires were detected in just
under half (281 of 614) of the protected areas in India. In the year 2014, fires burned
about 8.6 percent of forest cover in protected areas.
State forestry policies recognize that fires are taking a toll on forests. The Assam
Forest Policy (2004) points to forest fires as a cause of considerable damage in plantation
and regeneration areas, and the State Afforestation Policy of Tripura also mentions that
plantations and natural forests are severely damaged by forest fires. The Himachal
Pradesh Forest Sector Policy (2005) recognizes that forest fires cause irreparable damage
to forests, biodiversity, wildlife, water resources, forest-based livelihoods and well
being. The Andhra Pradesh State Forest Policy (2002) also notes the deleterious impact
of forest fires, especially on the young plantations.
According to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Inter-Governmental Panel on

Climate Change, exposure to smoke from landscape fires (including forest fires) is
estimated to cause 260,000 to 600,000 premature deaths annually world-wide.
RESEARCH/ KNOWLEDGE GAPS
According to the joint report by MoEF&CC and World Bank (2018) the long-term
impacts of the current pattern of forest fires on India‟s forest ecology and the wider
economy are still poorly understood; however, the available scientific evidence
supports that fires are having a degrading effect. Repeated fires in short succession are
reducing species richness and harming natural regeneration, in combination with other
pressures such as intense grazing and browsing. Reductions in biomass, species
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diversity, and natural regeneration due to fire may pose a risk to policy goals for
enhancing India‟s forest carbon sinks.
Current estimates of the economic costs of forest fires in India, at around INR
1,101 crore (US$ 164 million, 2016 prices) per year, are almost certainly under estimates.
Monetary damages due to forest fires are generally assessed only for the loss of
standing trees (natural or planted) in terms of their timber value, which are usually
minimal in the event of low intensity surface fires such as those that commonly occur in
India. Estimates could be improved by including the direct and indirect impacts on
other sectors including e.g. transportation, infrastructure, loss of environmental
services, etc. Without credible empirically based estimates of the costs of forest fires, it
is unlikely that Forest Fire Prevention and Management (FFPM) will be made more of a
policy priority (MoEF&CC & World Bank, 2018).
There is limited literature on impacts of forest fire in India, as assessed through

field research. As the National Forest Commission noted in 2006: “The nature and
severity of damage depends on the type of forest, availability of fuel and climatic
factors. However, the damage to forest ecosystem due to fire has not been scientifically
studied” (NFC 2006: 94-95). Much of the existing research has focused on seasonally dry
tropical forests (including dry and moist deciduous forests) in Central and Southern
India and subtropical pine or mixed-broadleaf forests in the hill states of the Western
Himalayas.
NEED FOR FOREST FIRE DISASTER MANAGEMENT
The incidence of forest fires in the country is on the rise and burnt areas are
increasing each year. There has been a piecemeal approach to the problem, so far.
Gradually the national focus is shifting towards holistic approach to control this hazard.
At present, the technical resources required for sustaining a systematic forest fire
management programme are lacking in the country in large. Taking into consideration
the serious nature of the problem, it is necessary to make some major improvements in
the forest fire management strategy for the country. The Ministry of Environment,
Forests and Climate Change (MoEF&CC), Government of India, has prepared a
National Master Plan for Forest Fire Control. This Plan proposes to introduce a well-
coordinated and integrated fire-management programme that includes the following
components:
 Prevention of human-caused fires through education and environmental

modification. It will include Silvicultural activities, engineering works, people‟s
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participation, and education & enforcement. It is proposed that more emphasis

be given to people participation through Joint Forest Management for fire
prevention.
 Prompt detection of fires through a well-coordinated network of observation
points, efficient ground patrolling, and communication networks. Remote
sensing technology is to be given due importance in fire detection. For successful
fire management and administration, a National Fire Danger Rating System
(NFDRS) and Fire Forecasting System are to be developed in the country.
 Fast initial control measures and follow up action.
 Introducing a forest fuel modification system at strategic points.
 Strengthening and augmentation of fire-fighting resources.
Southern India have found that repeated fires over short intervals are having a
deleterious effect on forest composition, structure, and species diversity. In the Nilgiri
Biosphere Reserve in the Western Ghats, Kondandapani et al. (2009) find fires
“drastically altered” species structure and diversity and reduced seedling density in
areas of dry deciduous forest with the shortest fire return intervals compared to forest
patches with lower fire frequency. Jhariya et al. (2014) observe a similar pattern in the
dry deciduous forests of the Bhoramdeo Wildlife Sanctuary in Chhattisgarh. Damage to
Sal seedlings from low-intensity surface fires and negative effects on regeneration of
trees forming the top canopy layer has also been observed in the Plain‟s forests of
Uttarakhand by Maithani et al. (1986).
Singh et al. (1984) commented that oak forests in Uttarakhand are gradually
being converted into pine forest because of human pressures such as fire, lopping,
grazing, and leaf litter collection; fires promote the expansion of pine forests dominated
by Chir. According to Chandra and Bhardwaj (2015) higher-intensity fires can severely
deplete soils and strip them of organic matter and nutrients.
Forest fires contribute to climate change by releasing carbon stored in trees,

undergrowth, litter, and soils into the atmosphere. Forest fires also emit heat trapping
gases such as N2O and other aerosols that influence the regional and global climate
(MoEF&CC & World Bank, 2018).
Scientific research on the contribution of forest fires to climate change in India

has so far been limited to estimates of direct emissions from the burning of above-
ground biomass and have not considered the impact on regeneration. Nation-wide
estimates have ranged from 6.34 million tons (Mt) CO2 per year to as much as 123.84 Mt
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CO2 per year. The wide range of estimates reflect not only the inter-annual variability in
fires, but also significant differences in assumed parameters (Badarinath and Vadrevu,
2011).
JUSTIFICATION FOR THE PROPOSED CENTRE
Sustainable development of natural vegetation systems, land-use systems and

rural populations in the country are at risk due to forest fires that devastate valuable
vegetation resources (forests and other natural ecosystems, farmlands, pastures, plantations,
etc.), in both the short-term (disruption of ecosystem processes, economic losses, humanitarian
problems due to destruction of crops and other values at risk, including human health due to
impacts of smoke) and the long-term (degradation of stability and productivity of ecosystems
and land-use systems). These fires often occur as a consequence of extreme weather
situations and inter-annual climatic variability, e.g. droughts caused by El Niño during
which land-use fires escape control, or after precipitation-rich periods (e.g. La Niña)
that result in rich growth of vegetation and an increased availability of fuels
(combustible material). The underlying causes of damaging wildfires and excessive
application of fire in land-use systems are deeply rooted in the problems of rural
societies that are undergoing rapid demographic changes and are experiencing the loss
of traditional knowledge and skills due to globalization, and confrontation with
external pressure on limited vegetation resources. Secondary effects of destructive
wildfires include the loss of vegetation that protects the soil. As a consequence, the fire-
affected sites are often degraded by high winds and rainfall. Increased surface runoff
also leads to disastrous floods and landslides, affecting drinking water availability and
quality, or even leading to siltation of reservoirs.
Apart from other natural hazards like landslides and earthquakes, forest fire is
one of the major disasters in diverse forests of India, particularly in the Himalayas and
North-East India. However, the comprehensive vital information to establish forest fire
linkages with human habitation, road network, drainage network, distance to fire
station, forest composition and density, slope, aspect, altitude, fuel type etc. is lacking.
Hence, to bridge this knowledge gap it is imperative to establish Centre of Excellence on
Forest Fire to address the issues and to develop research based strategies to combat
forest fires. The proposed Centre of Excellence on Forest Fire will generate knowledge and
carry out capacity building to minimize the devastating impact of forest fires.
WORK DONE BY THE FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE, DEHRADUN ON

FOREST FIRE MANAGEMENT
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The importance of taking up systematic research in the field of forest fire

protection was realized as early as in 1956 when the first Expert Committee of FRI
headed by Prof. Champion made very specific recommendations regarding the need to
study and monitor forest fires in the country. Accordingly, a scheme was formulated in
1959 but it could not be sanctioned. Moreover, the ninth and tenth Silviculture
Conferences held in 1956 and 1961 at FRI, Dehradun, recommended that FRI should
take up research and development studies to strengthen knowledge related to forest fire
management in India.
The Forest Research Institute, a Centre of Excellence with multi-disciplinary
strength has played significant role in conservation and management of forests
throughout the spatial extent of the country. Additionally, FRI has carried out several
activities with respect to forest fire management and some of the major initiatives are
summarized below: -
(i) Capacity Building of Forest Department(s) and other Stakeholders: As an

important mandate, FRI has been conducting several workshops and imparting
trainings to enhance capacity of the Forest Department(s) for science based
management of forests and conservation of biodiversity. These training
programmes have appropriate modules with respect to forest fire mitigation.
Furthermore, training programmes on “Forest Fire Disaster Mitigation” for
Forest officials of various States/ UTs, officers of paramilitary forces were
organized by the Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, for last 8 to 9 years in
collaboration with the National Institute of Disaster Management, New Delhi.
(ii) Research and Development for Better Management of Forests While Combating
Forest Fires: FRI has taken up several projects/ studies covering different
thematic areas to enhance knowledge about the different ecological processes,
forest management issues and developed technologies for better management of
forest resources of the country. FRI has also carried out few specific studies
related to forest fire ecology and fire management. The institute has experience
in developing tools and techniques to combat forest fires etc. The Institute has
developed an in-house forest fire extinguishing kit which has been given to
Forest Department personnel for controlling forest fires in difficult terrains. The
Institute has capability to develop such types of technologies and is in the
process to acquire advanced scientific and modern techniques.
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VISION
The Centre will strive to provide leadership for deriving global solutions to
issues related to forest fires across the world. The Centre aims to excel in Prevention,
Detection & Suppression and Post Fire management including assessment of losses &
restoration by providing leadership, best practices, research and support. The Centre
will serve as "think tank" for MOEF&CC, Government of India and play advocacy
role, provide inputs on technical knowledge on different aspects of Forest Fires in the
country to improve the strategy for forest fire prevention and management through
Research and Development initiatives.
MISSION
The Centre will work towards generating a Knowledge Management System so

as to develop models for forecasting the forest fires; and to develop Standard
Operating Procedures for combating forest fire in different landscapes. In this
endeavour, mission of the Centre is:
1. To arrange global cooperation towards prevention of forest fires and to build a

network of continuous information exchange with global partners in the arena of
forest fire fighting; and for use of updated latest modern technology for
monitoring the detection, suppression and mitigation activities in the country.
2. To strengthen the forest fire prevention, detection, suppression and mitigation
activities in the country.
3. To undertake research projects on forest fire research issues.
4. To provide inputs to the State Forest Departments (SFDs) for better management
of forest fire in the country.
5. To augment the capacity building of forest managers and stakeholders with latest
techniques and tools for better management of forest fire.
OBJECTIVES
The broad objectives can be summed up as below-
 To develop long term international cooperation in designing strategies for
preventing, and managing the forest fires so as to tackle the forest fires in
the most effective manner for reducing the ecological losses due to forest
fires in the long run.
 Development of National Web Portal for Database Management and
Knowledge Dissemination: To strengthen and manage knowledge with
respect to forest fires in India, a web-based portal will be developed at the
Centre. The online portal will provide scientific information on forest fire
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management issues, baseline information, scientific publications, other

publications for dissemination and awareness creation. It will also provide a
dashboard for the SFDs for reporting of management activities undertaken
on forest fire with complete loop for reporting forest fire. It will also provide
linkages with district level agencies involved in rapid response in case of
emergency situation of forest fire to enable better coordination and clarity of
chain of command in case of such eventualities. It will enhance
responsiveness through workflows automation and availability of real time
information. It will provide a platform for public access and helps for
maintaining better transparency and efficiency in the working environment
and minimizing the processing delay. Additionally, the web based portal
will host training modules and webinars. It will also provide list of different
stakeholders such as forest management agencies, NGOs, societies, scientific
institutions, forestry resources, and subject experts on forest fire ecology and
forest fire management.
 To carry out Research & Development activities on ecological aspects of
forest fires and to develop forecasting models for forest fire prediction based
on variable parameters such as fuel load, distance from habitation,
temperature, rainfall, relative humidity etc.
 To meet the operational needs of the forest managers across the country in
following areas –
▪ Forest Fire Monitoring ▪ Fire Safety Tools & Equipment
▪ Fire Danger Rating System ▪ Post Fire Damage Assessment
▪ Fire Combat Training ▪ Rehabilitation/ Reclamation Strategy
▪ Incident Command/ Response
▪ Annual Calendar of Activities
System
▪ Any other
 To carry out Research & Development activities for improving the Forest
Fire Fighting Tools and Equipment (including the Fire Uniform) being used by
forest departments as well as communities and to make them more user
friendly.
 To develop SOPs to prevent or combat fire; provide technical support to
SFDs on Forest fire management; capacity building for different levels of
field functionaries. identify best practices & upscale them.
 To identify the need for policy interventions for better management of forest
fire, wildlife habitat and other natural resources in the country affected by
fire; and also conduct research on the same through collaborative research
projects.
 To provide the appropriate tools and resources to the various forest
departments for involving and empowering the local communities in the
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prevention, suppression of forest fires and the restoration of fire affected

areas.
 To develop the Centre of Excellence as „State of the Art‟ resource centre
having complete database of information on forest fire and best practices
adopted across the globe for its efficient handling and effective
management.
Composition of CoEFF: -
The Centre will be created at ICFRE whereas; all the administrative setup will be
in Forest Research Institute, Dehradun with Forest Survey of India and Directorate of
Forestry Education as two major partner institutes. The Director, FRI will act as Head of
the Centre. Head Silviculture will act as member secretary of advisory board and will
facilitate the meetings and coordination for the forest fire research undertaken by the
Centre with the assistance of scientists, Officers working in the institute and other
administrative staff.
For field visit and research/ administrative assistance staff will be hired on
contract basis depending on the work load.
The Centre will have an Advisory board headed by the Director General, ICFRE
Dehradun and comprising of the following: -
i. Director General, ICFRE Dehradun -Chairperson

ii. Fulltime members
a) Director, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun -Head of the Centre
b) DG, Forest Survey of India, Dehradun -Member
c) Director, Directorate of Forestry Education, -Member
Dehradun
d) PCCF & HoFF, States/ UTs / Nodal officers of -Members
SFDs
e) Directors, ICFRE Institutes -Members
f) Head, Silviculture& Forest Management -Member Secretary
Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun
iii. Experts and Specialists from other organisations -nominated members
working in the field of Forest Fire
(NIDM, NDMA, IIRS/ISRO, IMD etc.)
iv. Subject experts from leading Universities -nominated members
The term of members nominated by the chairperson will be for two years.
The terms of reference for the advisory board are given below: -
i. To prioritize, approve/ outline the Annual Plan of Operation for each year for
carrying out the activities to achieve the objectives of the Centre of Excellence.
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ii. The board will meet twice in a year (once during & Pre fire season and once Post
fire season) to review the activities & provide feedback on the R&D initiatives
giving suggestions for improving and sharing of knowledge.
iii. The board will also review the progress of the projects periodically.
The board will support the Centre‟s leadership team in strategic planning,
expanding to new initiatives, and in collaborating with other units across country
for finding the problem areas in the relevant field for undertaking focussed research
to arrive at practical solutions in the matter.
In its inaugural year, the board will be required to:
i. Finalize basic infrastructure required & activities for initiation of the Centre of
Excellence
ii. Work out the permanent and temporary staff requirement for the roles assigned
for works proposed by partner institutes/ organisations.
iii. Develop a Road map for the next 5 years by prioritising the research needs.
iv. Proposing funds for different activities for the 5 Year Plan period and for
working out the annual requirement also.
v. Recommend the financial assistance required for operationalising the Centre of
Excellence for a minimum period of 5 years to begin with.
In addition to above, the Centre will also have Experts/Working Groups of

National and international Organisations/ Institutes/ Universities/Experts who will
be sharing their technical expertise for guiding policy interventions for better
management of forest fire, wildlife habitat and other natural resources in the country
affected by fire.
The Composition of Working Group will include National and International

Institutes/Organisations/ Universities of repute having expertise and experience in
the field of forest fire management. The National and International members of the
Working Group are proposed in Annexure-I & II respectively.The members of the
Group will also be individual collaborating partners for the implementation of the
research needs in identified thrust areas based on their area of expertise.The working
group will consist of domain experts in the thrust areas such as Real Time Detection
and monitoring of Forest Fire; Early warning system; Forest Fire vulnerability and
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Climate Change; Economic and Ecological impact of Forest Fire; Post-fire restoration
and rehabilitation etc.
The Working Group will be providing technical direction to the research needs
placed before it so as to propose appropriate action for taking it forward. The
suggestions of the Working Group will be placed before the Advisory Board for
according necessary approvals for taking up research on the specified topics in
project mode. The recommendations of the Working Group may also form a basis for
advocating amendments to existing policy framework.
Activities of CoEFF: -
The activities of the Centre may be categorized into 'Pre-Fire, During-Fire and Post-
Fire management' in forest areas. In this endeavor Centre will take up the following
activities.
I. Activities to be undertaken by FSI, Dehradun
As per the role defined by MoEF&CC in National Action Plan on Forest Fires para
8.1 (i) FSI may develop a national level database on burnt area assessment on a
yearly basis. There are many activities which are part of mandate of FSI, which will
continue to be done by FSI, however Centre will coordinate with FSI for sharing
information and providing assistance to FSI as and when required. Following
activities will be done by FSI: -
PRE-FIRE ACTIVITIES
A. Near Real Time monitoring of Forest Fire and alert system

Forest Survey of India has been using spatial information (MODIS and
SNPPVIIRS) to find and report forest fires in the nascent stage and provide
quick and reliable signals to SFDs and general public to initiate preventive
measures at their end. It has been undertaking activities viz. Large Forest
Fire Monitoring Programme, forest fire „Geo-portal‟, use of Novel platforms
such as Drones, thermal imagery etc. and continuous R&D to enhance the
robustness of system.
B. Development of national level database on forest fire

The Centre will work in close coordination with FSI (in association with IMD)
for developing national database network on-
 Information about climate, weather, etc.
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 Historical documentation of forest fires, including location, type of

vegetation, history, causes and other details.
 Number of forest fires, the area burnt and other adverse impact on type of
vegetation burnt, the flora and fauna of the area.
 Resources, including human resource available with the state govt. to detect
and combat forest fire,
 Other area specific relevant information.
The database will also capture information on fire lines, controlled burning,
watch towers, fire-fighting assets (and their locations), and communications
infrastructure. Such a database will be instrumental for assessing longer-term
trends across states and regions and for planning fireprevention and response. As
noted by the National Forest Commission (2006), creating a database would include
establishing a mechanism for ensuring data quality and cross-checking figures
reported by local field staff. Field-level officers in the state-level forest departments
should have access to the database as well.
C. Identification of fire vulnerable landscape across country based on

ecological models
Centre will give input to FSI in identification and mapping of Fire vulnerable areas
using historical fire data along with following parameters:
Climatic: Temperature, precipitation, microclimatic parameters, Aridity Index,

Evapo-transpiration
Topographical: Slope, aspect, Elevation, drainage
Anthropogenic: Distance to habitation, Road etc.
Socioeconomic factors/aspects/status: Cattle population, fodder dependency
Fuel Characteristics: Fuel type, moisture, depth, load
Forest characteristics: Forest type, canopy density
D. Mapping and monitoring of fuel load at country level

The Centre will work with FSI to carry out this activity. Fuel load varies across
forest types, density, composition, and structure. Fuel load map of country will be
developed using National Forest Inventory (NFI) data and field survey. This map
will be used to calculate the threshold level of fuel load in different forest types.
Additionally, moisture content, fineness, depth, compactness, and orientation
(vertical or horizontal) of these fuels will be studied and monitored as Fire potential
and behaviour is affected by these factors.
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E. Development and deployment of Fire Danger Rating System (FDRS)

The Centre will work with FSI to carry out this activity. Fire Danger Rating Systems
(FDRS) warn of short-term fire potential and allow fire agencies to quantify
different aspects of fire behaviour, for example, how fast fires are likely to spread,
how intensely they may burn under current conditions, and how difficult they may
be to control. FDRS are intended to inform fire managers and other responsible
agencies about hazardous fire weather conditions so that they can ensure an
appropriate state of readiness, alert the public of the danger, and take actions to
prevent or mitigate damaging fires (e.g., by putting in place restrictions on the use
of fire). As a decision-support tool, FDRS may enable fire managers to allocate their
resources for FFPM in a more efficient and cost-effective way (Taylor and
Alexander 2006). It will be developed by international cooperation with scientists
from Canada, US or other European countries.
F. Establishment of experimental lab for fire behaviour and spread study

This proposed lab is aimed to understand the fire behaviour, particularly the
ignition, mechanisms of flame propagation, spreading, flame front velocity and fuel
consumption rates in different forest types, fuel types and topography. Impacts of
surface fires on crown fuels will also be studied together with the effects of winds,
humidity, environmental temperature and fuel moisture content. This lab will be
established with the collaboration of expert agencies in other countries such as Fire
Sciences Laboratory of US Forest Service (USFS), Australia, South Korea etc.
POST-FIRE ACTIVITIES
G. Survey and mapping of fire affected areas (Burnt Area Assessment)
Burnt area assessment using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information
System (GIS) techniques and classification of damage level based on the intensity of
forest fire in association with State Forest Departments (SFDs) will be carried out by
FSI. It will facilitate to assess the ecological and economic losses due to forest fire.
Standard reporting protocols, and standard methods for assessing burnt area will
also facilitate the creation of a national forest fire information database incorporating
field reported data.
II. Activities to be undertaken by FRI, Dehradun

There are many activities which are part of mandate of FRI, those activities will
continue to be done by FRI. In view of the expertise the following activities will be
done by FRI: -
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PRE-FIRE ACTIVITIES
A. Development of National Web Portal for Database Management and
Knowledge Dissemination
To strengthen and manage knowledge with respect to forest fires in India, a web
based portal will be developed at the Centre. The online portal will provide
scientific information on forest fire management issues, baseline information,
scientific publications, other publications for dissemination and awareness creation.
It will also provide a dashboard for the forest officers for reporting of management
activities undertaken on forest fire with complete loop for reporting forest fire. It
will enhance responsiveness through workflows automation and availability of real
time information.It will provide a platform for public access and helps for
maintaining better transparency and efficiency in the working environment and
minimizing the processing delay. Additionally, the web based portal will host
training modules and webinars. It will also provide list of different stakeholders
such as forest management agencies, NGOs, societies, scientific institutions,
forestry resources, and subject experts on forest fire ecology and forest fire
management.
B. Development of forest fire knowledge network
The centre will strive to become nodal for South/ SE Asia and West/ East Africa. It
will act as an umbrella to establish regional forest fire knowledge networks through
different/ individual origins and their mandates. It will work on reducing the
negative impacts of landscape fires on the environment and humanity. The centre
will advance the knowledge and application of the ecologically and
environmentally benign role of natural fire in fire-dependent ecosystems, and
sustainable application of fire in land-use systems.
The broad structure for executing this activity will be headed by Board of
Governors, which will consist of one representative from each of South/ SE Asia
and West/East African countries and independent members will be nominated by
the chairperson advisory board (DG, ICFRE) in consultation with MoEF&CC based
on their recognized professional expertise and experience.
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REGIONAL BOARD MEMBERS
i. Secretary/ DGF&SS, MoEF&CC Overall governance

ii. Director General, ICFRE Dehradun
iii Director, Forest Research Institute,
Dehradun
Permanent Members
iv DG, Forest Survey of India, Dehradun
v. Director, Directorate of Forestry
Education, Dehradun
vi. Representative from South Asia Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Maldives,
(6 countries) Bangladesh, Afghanistan
vii. Representative from South East Asia Cambodia, Brunei, Vietnam,
(11 countries) Thailand, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia,
Philippines, Singapore, Myanmar,
Timor Leste
viii. Representative from West Africa Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon,
(14 countries) Chad, Côte d‟Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana,
Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Mali, Niger,
Senegal, Togo, Liberia
ix. Representative from East Africa Burundi, Botswana, Dijibouti, Ertrea
(19 countries) Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mauritius,
Rawanda, Seychelles, Swaziland,
Somalia, Madagascar, Mozambique,
Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia
and Zimbabwe
x. Nominated independent members National/ International experts
The Centre will work also in close coordination with FRI for developing national
forest fire knowledge network.
A national forest fire knowledge network will be established to cover all

dimensions of forest fire in the country. Such network will be tuned to the felt need
of all stakeholders, including forest fire managers, policy makers and planners,
decision makers, community etc.
Necessary steps to be taken in this regard will include -

 Knowledge scattered in research institutions, universities etc. related to fire
management must be compiled and form part of the network.
 Projects will be sanctioned to universities/research institutesto enrich the
forest fire knowledge.
 Networking of knowledge on all spheres of forest fire management

withnational and international organisations.
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C. Development of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)

The Centre will develop SOPs. Issuing a SOP is a standard management practice
and an effective method of communicating the objectives, principles, and actions for
FFPM to field staff in the state forest departments. The SOPs also provide a medium
for the states to consolidate the various orders, instructions, and letters they have
issued from timeto time on different aspects of FFPM. Based on the findings of
study and feedback from SFDs. SOPs will be developed for different fire vulnerable
landscape.
D. Study on impact of future Climate change scenario on Forest Fire vulnerability

The Regional Climate Projections (RCPs) data released by Intergovernmental Panel
on Climate Change (IPCC) in its Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) will be used to
study the impact of future climate change scenario on forest fire vulnerability. In the
future, under a warmer climate, we expect more severe fire weather, more area
burned, more ignitions and a longer fire season. Although there will be large spatial
and temporal variation in the fire activity response to climate change. This field of
research allows us to better understand the interactions and feedbacks between fire,
climate, vegetation and humans and to identify vulnerable regions. The projections
of fire activity for this century can be used to explore options for mitigation and
adaptation.
DURING-FIRE ACTIVITIES
7.2 (iii) The ICFRE should focus on development of user-friendly fire fighting
equipment, tools and protective clothing suitable for various regions of the country.
E. Strengthening of SFDs and communities by Fire suppression tools and

techniques
Development of protective clothing and equipment and modification of existing

hand tools developed by FRI & their improvement
Fire-fighters‟ personal protective clothing is the only source of protection for fire-
fighters during fire-fighting. The protective clothing should provide adequate
protection as well as should be comfortable to wear. The protection and comfort
requirements are always the contradicting fact in several protective clothing
including fire-fighters‟. Appropriate material selection, clothing design and final
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evaluation of the results play a critical role in predicting the clothing performance
and comfort.
Forest Fire Fighting Tools developed by Forest Research Institute, Dehradun which
are being used by the frontline staff of various forest departments of the country.
Forest departments sent feedback to FRI in difficulties of using the hand tools in the
field. Therefore, hand tools will be modified in collaboration with DRDO, IIT and
CSIR keeping in view of the comments received from the state forest departments
and communities.
POST-FIRE ACTIVITIES
8.1 (ii) MoEF&CC may assign ICFRE the responsibility of developing and
standardizing methodologies for assessing losses due to forest fire including loss of
intangibles such as ecosystem services & (iii) Based on standardized methodologies,
the ICFRE may further standardize protocols for estimating area affected and losses
due to forest fire and reporting the same at successive levels.
F. Assessment of damage and economic losses due to forest fire
The forest fire losses (i.e., tangible and intangible) will be identified using Ecosystem
Services (ES) framework following the Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity
Approach of Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (TEEB, 2010*). The forest fire loss
estimation is essentially an exercise in estimating the potential damage or losses
caused and thus the methodology will consist of collection and use of simple and
uniform physical indictors to assess ecosystem services in terms of provisioning
(Floral part / timber/ wood, Food, fibre, fuel wood and non-wood products etc.
Faunal part /including trade (NWFP), regeneration), Supporting (Soil, Hydrology,
erosion, sediment etc. for protection, Faunal Habitat, IUCN – critical biodiversity,
Flora, Fauna), Regulating (hydrological regulation, Carbon stock/ and sequestration)
and cultural (recreation and ecotourism etc. forest dependency on forest flora, fauna,
water and other) for the damage assessment due to forest fire.
G. Post fire restoration and rehabilitation strategy in fire affected areas

Forest restoration is necessary to re-establish structure and function; protect and
restore critical habitat, riparian areas, watersheds and many other attributes.
Restoration and rehabilitation strategy for different forest types and burnt severity
will be developed to recover the burnt area. Silvicultural interventions to be
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*TEEB (2010): The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity: Mainstreaming the Economics of Nature: A | 19
synthesis of the approach, conclusions and recommendations of TEEB.
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developed to restore the area and also reduce erosion by moisture conservation, by
growing fire hardy species, reducing fuel load by thinning operations.
H. Community based Forest Fire management
Community based forest fire management approaches can play a significant role in
fire management, especially in most parts of the world where human-based ignitions
are the primary source of wildfires that affect livelihood, health and security of
people. They include planning and supervision of activities, joint action for
prescribed fire and fire monitoring and response, applying sanctions, and providing
support to individuals to enhance their fire management tasks. Community based
Fire management will include activities such as: early warning, detection,
mobilization and suppression of unwanted fires; in addition also restoration and
rehabilitation of burned areas.
III. Activities to be undertaken by DFE, Dehradun

As per the role defined by MoEF&CC in National Action Plan on Forest Fires para 7.1
(i) A modern and standardized training curriculum should be developed by the SFDs
with the guidance of Directorate of Forest Education (DFE). DFE will facilitate the
following capacity building activities to disseminate the knowledge available with
the Centre to different stakeholders: -
A. Training of trainers (ToTs) and capacity building of forestry personnel, JFMCs,

EDCs and other stakeholders (Training in fire suppression, prevention,
detection, and post-fire reporting for field staff)
A number of Training of Trainers (ToTs) and training workshops will be organised
in consultation with the State Forest Department on various themes related to forest
fire for different target groups. The trainings programs will be attended by
trainers/mentors/faculty members representing State Forest Training Institutes
(SFTIs), NDRF, NIDM, University scientists/ academicians and School Teachers.
The Centre will also provide financial support for conducting training programs by
the partner organizations besides SFTIs in states. The Centre will develop training
modules which will be provided to the participants.
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Thrust Areas for Forest Fire Research: -
An indicative list of thrust areas for forest fire Research are as given below: -
1. Real time Detection and monitoring of Forest Fire

2. Early warning system
3. Forest Fire vulnerability and Climate Change
4. Economic and Ecological impact of Forest Fire
5. Forest fire and biodiversity
6. Forest fire and weed
7. Forest fire and livelihood
8. Post-fire restoration and rehabilitation
9. Training and capacity building
Apart from the above suggested thrust areas, the Advisory board may
recommend any other issue for forest fire Research arising in future.
Key Institutions for the Collaboration: -
The Centre will closely work with Forest Survey of India, Dehradun as it is the nodal
Institute on Forest Fire monitoring and collection, compilation, storage and
dissemination of spatial database on forest firein the country. It also intends to work
closely with other subordinate organizations of MoEF&CC, such as, Directorate of
Forestry Education, Dehradun and Wildlife Institute of India.
The Centre will also utilize the expertise of national and international Institutes/
Organizations/ Universitiesmentioned in Annexure-I & II, which will be associated
with the Centre in the form of experts/Working Groups. The members of the Group
will act as individual collaborating partners of the Centre and will provide technical
guidance.
In addition to the above, the Centre will also work in unison with State Governments,
State Forest Departments and their research wings, NGOs/Civil Societies
Organizations, Practitioners, Experts, etc. to understand the different perspectives in
having different fire management prescriptions in different forest types.
Modalities of Working and Source of Funding
The Centre will take up research studies/ invite project proposals in the identified
thrust areas. Depending on the thrust area of research, the Centre will identify experts
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having adequate experience and expertise in dealing with the research issues and
preparation of project document, execution of research work and finalization of report.
Outside domain experts/consultants will be engaged as per the standard
procedures/guidelines of GOI for the engagement of consultants.The data/ information
generated by the Centre will be shared with stakeholders & others, on request, for
general purpose.
The research studies will be taken up in project mode primarily depending upon the
requirement of the stakeholders/ ministries/departments/organizations. In this regard,
the Centre will require basic permanent setup of research labs and other technical
infrastructure for which an initial amount will be required. The studies will be
undertaken from the funds received under Grant-in-aid from MoEF&CC or through
other funding agencies.
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ANNEXURE-I
PROPOSED LIST OF NATIONAL INSTITUTES/ UNIVERSITIES FOR COLLABORATION
WITH CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE ON FOREST FIRE
S. N. Name & Address Email

Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth,
1. [email protected]
Tal. Dapoli, Dist. Ratnagiri Maharashtra- 415712
Kerala Agricultural University
2. KAU Main Campus [email protected]
P.O., Vellanikkara, Thrissur, Kerala - 680656
Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth
3. P.O. Krishi Nagar Akola- 444104 [email protected]
Maharashtra
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University,
4. Lawley Road, [email protected]
Coimbatore- 641003
University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad
Dharwad- 580005 Karnataka
Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry,
6. Nauni, Solan- 173230, [email protected]
Himachal Pradesh
H.N.B. Garhwal University
7. Srinagar – 246174 [email protected]
Dist. Garhwal (Uttarakhand)
University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES)
Energy Acres, UPES,
Bidholi, via, Prem Nagar, Dehradun,
Uttarakhand 248007
North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology
9. (NERIST) Nirjuli, Itanagar- 791109 [email protected]
Arunachal Pradesh
G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment
10. Kosi-Katarmal, Almora- 263643, [email protected]
Uttarakhand
Indian Institute of Science CV Raman Road,
Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012
India Meteorological Department, MausamBhawan,
Lodhi Road New Delhi - 110003
Indian Space Research Organisation
Antariksh Bhavan, New BEL Road Bengaluru - 560231
National Institute of Hydrology
Roorkee - 247667 Uttarakhand
Wildlife Institute of India,
15. Post Box # 18, Chandrabani [email protected]
Dehradun - 248001 Uttarakhand
Centre for Fire, Explosive & Environment Safety
(CFEES)
DRDO Ministry of Defence
Brig. S.K. Mazumdar Marg, Timarpur, Delhi-110054
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S. N. Name & Address Email

The Institute of Indian Foundrymen
67, Tughlakabad Institutional Area, New Delhi - 110 062
National Institute of Foundry and Forge Technology
(NIFFT),
Near Kanchnatoli, Hatia, Ranchi (Jharkhand),
Pin No - 834 003
Indian Institute of Forest Management
19. PO Box 357, Nehru Nagar [email protected]
Bhopal- 462003, Madhya Pradesh
Indian Institute of Metals (IIM)
20. "Metal House" Plot 13/4,Block AQ,Sector V, [email protected]
Salt Lake, Kolkata-700091
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
Roorkee, Uttarakhand India - 247667
Indian Academy of fire and safety (IAFS)
2nd floor sheo mansion Next SBI bank,
opp. Jatra hotel, Sagar Village,
Nashik, Maharashtra 422003
MSME Tool Room (Indo-Danish Tool Room)
Ministry of MSME, Govt. of India Society
M-4 (Part), Phase VI Tata Kandra Road, Gamharia
Jamshedpur 832 108
National Academy of Fire and Safety Engineering
(NAFS)
24. NAFS House, P. N. 101, [email protected]
Near Sakkardara Flyover, Reshimbagh Layout,
Reshimbagh, Nagpur- 440024 (MH)
National Disaster Management Authority
25. NDMA Bhawan, A-1, Safdarjung Enclave [email protected]
New Delhi - 110029
National Institute of Disaster Management,
(Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India),
26. Already in MoU with FRI
A-wing, 4th floor, NDCC-II Building, Jai Singh Road,
New Delhi - 110001
National Institute of Fire & Safety Engineering (NIFSE)
27. Mecosabagh Methodist Church, Kadbichowk, [email protected]
Mecosabagh, Nagpur-440004
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ANNEXURE-II
PROPOSED LIST OF INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTES/ UNIVERSITIES FOR

COLLABORATION WITH CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE ON FOREST FIRE
S. N. Name & Address/ Email

1. University of British Columbia (UBC)
2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4 Canada
Tel: +1 604-822-2807 Fax: +1 604-822-8645
Email: [email protected]
2. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)
Phone: +46 222 34953, mobile: +46 70 373 43 40
3. University of Montana
Office of the President
University Hall 109
Missoula, Montana 59812
Phone: (406) 243-2311
Fax: (406) 243-2797
Email:[email protected]
4. Korea Forest Service
GOVERNMENT COMPLEX-DAEJEON BLDG.
1, 189 CHEONGSA-RO, SEO-GU, DAEJEON,
REPUBLIC OF KOREA
TEL +82-42-481-4080
5. Global fire Monitoring Centre (GFMC)
Fire Ecology Research Group
Max Planck Institute for Chemistry and Freiburg University
Georges-Köhler-Allee 75
79110 Freiburg
Tel: +49-761-808011, Fax: +49-761-808012
6. Fire Centre
Fire Centre Research Hub, The University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55
Hobart TAS 7001, Australia,
7. United State Forest Service (USFS)
1 Thomas Circle, NW
Suite 400, Washington D.C., 20005, U.S.A.
Tel: 1-202-644-4600, Fax:1-202-644-4603
8. Canadian Forest Service
580 Booth Street
Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0E4
Tel.: (343) 292-8555
[email protected]
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9. The Center for Fire Research and Outreach at Berkeley Forests

2200 Bancroft Way Berkeley,
CA 94720-4204
University of California, Berkeley
Tel :(510) 642-7304
10. Stanford University
450 Jane Stanford Way, Building 10
Stanford University
Stanford, CA 94305
Phone: (650) 723-2481
Fax: (650) 725-6847
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ACTION PLAN for Establishment of CoEFF
To undertake research, capacity building activities, development of national guidelines for forest fire management, development of the national level awareness campaign on forest fires, a team of scientific and management personnel
need to be engaged at the proposed Centre. The overall activities of the Centre will be supervised by the team leader and Director of the Centre (Director, FRI, Dehradun).The Director will be supported by the Coordinator (Head,
Silviculture Division) who in turn will be supported by a Scientist (Consultant) - Forest Fire Ecology and management on a full time basis. For the smooth conduct of the activities the proposed Centre will be supported by one Office
Manager (Administrative and Finance) and two MTS personnel.
Proposed budget for centre of excellence on Forest Fire (FRI component) (Rupees in Lakhs)
FY 2021-22 FY 2022-23 FY 2023-24 FY 2024-25
Type of
Expenses
Quantity Amount Quantity Amount Quantity Amount Quantity Amount Timeline
Establishment Cost of Centre (Basic Infrastructure)
Scientist/ Forest Officer (Serving/ Retired)
@90,000 per month 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
The total amount of Rs. 86.4 lakhs towards salary of Scientist/ Forest Officer/ Office
R Manager/ MTS will be met from FRI on completion of recruitment & posting of
Office manager (Administrative and Finance) adequate regular manpower at FRI.
@40,000 per month (Consolidated) 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
MTS @25,000 per month (Consolidated) 2 0 2 0 2 0 2 0
Basic Infrastructure (Renovation, Furnishing,

NR
Office set-up) at FRI campus LS 40 LS 5 LS 5 LS 3
Vehicle 1 18 0 0 0 0 0 0
Vehicle maintainance R 0 0 LS 1 LS 1 LS 1.5
Miscellaneous expenditure NR LS 4 LS 2 LS 2 LS 2
Sub-Total 62 8 8 6.5 84.5
A. Development of National Web Portal for Database Management and Knowledge Dissemination
Database Manager @50,000+HRA per month 1 6.96 1 6.96 1 6.96 1 6.96
R
Maintanence Cost LS 2 LS 1 LS 1 LS 1 1. Three months for development of website homepage.
Web Portal Development LS 3 LS 0 LS 0 LS 0 2. Annual updation with database generation.
Purchase of Server for Database NR LS 8 LS 1 LS 1 LS 1 3. Maintainance will be continuous.
Infrastructure Development LS 5 LS 0.5 LS 0.5 LS 0.5
Sub-Total 24.96 9.46 9.46 9.46 53.34
B. Development of national forest fire knowledge network
Project Scientist @78,000+HRA per month 1 10.86 1 10.86 1 10.86 1 10.86
JRF @35000+ HRA per month 1 4.87 1 4.87 1 4.87 1 4.87
International Collaboration/ Travel R LS 15 LS 20 LS 20 LS 20 5 years to cover the entire country based on the availabilty of Forest Fire knowledge
Travel Cost (within country) LS 5 LS 5 LS 5 LS 5 with the states/ national and international sources like Universities/ Institutes/ NGOs
Webinar/ Training/ Meeting 2 10 2 10 2 10 2 10
Special Project Grant NR LS 10 LS 10 LS 10 LS 10
Sub-Total 55.73 60.73 60.73 60.73 237.92
C. Development of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)
Brainstorming meeting/ consultation/ workshop 0 0 2 12 2 12 2 12

R 5 Years to develop SOPs covering the entire landscape in the country
Field visits LS 10 LS 10 LS 7.5 LS 7.5
Publication Cost LS 5 LS 5 LS 5 LS 5
Sub-Total 15 27 24.5 24.5 91
D. Study on impact of future Climate change scenario on Forest Fire vulnerability
JRF @35000+ HRA per month 1 4.87 1 4.87 1 4.87 1 4.87
R
Publication Cost LS 5 LS 5 LS 5 LS 5
This will be done on annual project basis for fire vulnerable landscapes on pilot basis
Field Visits LS 10 LS 10 LS 10 LS 10
Hardware Cost (Workstation, IT equipment) LS 20 LS 15 LS 10 LS 5
NR
Software Cost (GIS software) LS 15 LS 5 LS 2 LS 1
Sub-Total 65.73 50.73 42.73 36.73 195.92
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FY 2021-22 FY 2022-23 FY 2023-24 FY 2024-25
Type of
Expenses
E. Strengthening of SFDs by Fire suppression tools and techniques
This activity is being undertaken through AICRP-14 Forest Fire Research and Knowledge Management (2020-25)
F. Assessment of damage and economic losses due to forest fire
This activity is being undertaken through AICRP-14 Forest Fire Research and Knowledge Management (2020-25) on pilot basis in 5 forest types and 15 states for 8 parameters only (Timber, Fuelwood, Fodder, NTFP, Biodiversity
(floral), Carbon storage. carbon sequestration, soil nutrients)
G. Post fire restoration and rehabilitation strategy in fire affected areas
RA @50,000 + HRA per month 1 6.96 1 6.96 1 6.96 1 6.96
JRF @35000+ HRA per month 1 4.87 1 4.87 1 4.87 1 4.87
R This will be done on annual project basis in fire affected landscapes on pilot basis
Field Assistant @20.000 per month 2 4.8 2 4.8 2 4.8 2 4.8
FRE LS 10 LS 10 LS 10 LS 10
TRAVEL LS 15 LS 15 LS 15 LS 15
Sub-Total 52.49 52.49 52.49 52.49 209.96
Total FRI Component 275.91 208.41 197.91 190.41 872.64
R 152.91 169.91 167.41 167.91
NR 123 38.5 30.5 22.5
FY 2021-22 FY 2022-23 FY 2023-24 FY 2024-25
FY TOTAL 275.91 208.41 197.91 190.41
Total (A) 872.64
Proposed budget for centre of excellence on Forest Fire DEF component) (Rupees in Lakhs)
H. CAPACITY BUILDING AND TRAINING
Training to frontline staff R 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20
Training to ACF/ RFOs R 3 6.15 3 6.15 3 6.15 3 6.15
Sub-Total 26.15 26.15 26.15 26.15
Total (B) 104.6
Proposed budget for centre of excellence on Forest Fire (FSI component) (Rupees in Lakhs)
Type of FY 2021-2022 FY 2022-2023 FY 2023-2024 FY 2024-2025
Remarks
Expenses Quantity Amount Quantity Amount Quantity Amount Quantity Amount
Manpower
Project Scientist @ Rs 78,000+HRA per month R 2 21.72 2 21.72 2 21.72 2 21.72
Technical Manpower will be engaged as per DST guideline approved
Sr. Project Associate/RA @ Rs 50,000+HRA for FSI
R 3 20.88 3 20.88 3 20.88 3 20.88
per month
TA/STA @ Rs 35,000+HRA per month R 5 24.36 5 24.36 5 24.36 5 24.36
Infrastructure
Construction of Forest Fire Monitoring Setting up of lab for forest fire studies
NR LS 150 - - - - - -
RS/GIS Lab
Maintenance of Lab R - - LS 20 LS 20 LS 20 Maintenance of Lab
Procurement of Hardware, Software, other
NR LS 100 - - - - - - Procurement of high end workstations, softwares,servers and AMC, etc.
equipments, etc.
Maintenance of Hardware, Software and
R - - LS 10 LS 10 LS 10 AMC of Hardware, Software and other equipments
other equipments
Novel Studies Procurement of Drones,
NR 2 35 - - - - - - Procurement of Drone, Software, etc.
applications software etc
Maintenance of Drone, software etc R - - LS 5 LS 5 LS 5 AMC of Drone, software etc
Data Acquisition R LS 30 LS 25 LS 25 LS 25 Satellite data procurment from NRSC
Special studies on different aspects of forest fire will be undertaken in
Special Studies on Forest Fire (lumpsum) NR LS 15 LS 15 LS 15 LS 15 collaboration with academic institutions/ research organization such as
IIT
Procurement of Vehicle (@ 9 lakh) and
NR 2 18 - - - - - - Procurement of vehicle for field work including ground truthing
maintenance
Maintenance of Vehicle R - - LS 5 LS 5 LS 5 Maintenance of Vehicle
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FY 2021-22 FY 2022-23 FY 2023-24 FY 2024-25
Type of
Expenses
Miscellaneous (Travel, Ground Truthing,
Report Printing, Consultancy fee, R LS 17 LS 15 LS 15 LS 15
honorarium etc.)
Contigency Charges (10%) R 43.196 16.196 16.196 16.196
R 157.156 163.156 163.156 163.156
Sub-Total
NR 318 15 15 15
FY TOTAL 475.156 178.156 178.156 178.156
Total (C) 1009.624
Forest Fire Risk Zonation mapping
Manpower
Technical Associate @ 31000+HRA per month R 8 34.52 8 34.52 Technical Manpower will be engaged as per DST guideline approved for FSI
Procurement of Hardware and Software
Procurement of one server and seven Workstation & 32 2 2
Maintenance LS LS LS
Procurement of high end workstations, remote sensing & GIS Softwares,
Procurement of eight digital image processing/GIS
NR 80 2 2 Satellite and meteorological data & AMC, etc.
Software licenses & maintenance LS LS LS
Procurement of satellite data, Meteorological data LS 5 LS 10 LS 2
Mobile application development LS 8 -
Miscellaneous
Ground truthing, report printing, honorarium,expert
R 0.5 4 4
consultation, travel etc. LS LS LS
Contingencies charges (10%) R 16 5.25 1
R 51.02 43.77 5
Sub-Total
NR 125 14 6
FY TOTAL 176.02 57.77 11
Total (D) 244.79 TOTAL
R 387.236 402.986 361.716 357.216 1509.154
Grand Total (A+B+C+D) NR 566 67.5 51.5 37.5 722.5
TOTAL 953.24 470.49 413.22 394.72 2231.654
R= RECURRING, NR= NON RECURRING, LS= LUMPSUM

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Abstract of Action Plan

Financial Requirement (Rs. In Lakhs)
S. N. Activity Total
FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE FY 2021-22 FY 2022-23 FY 2023-24 FY 2024-25
Establishment Cost of Centre (Basic
1 Infrastructure) 62 8 8 6.5 84.5
A. Development of National Web Portal for
Database
2 Management and Knowledge Dissemination 24.96 9.46 9.46 9.46 53.34
B. Development of national forest fire
3 knowledge network 55.73 60.73 60.73 60.73 237.92
C. Development of Standard Operating
4 Procedures (SOPs) 15 27 24.5 24.5 91
D. Study on impact of future Climate
change scenario on
5 Forest Fire vulnerability 65.73 50.73 42.73 36.73 195.92
E. Strengthening of SFDs and communities

This activity is being undertaken through AICRP-14 Forest Fire Research
by Fire suppression
and Knowledge Management (2020-25)
tools and techniques
6
This activity is being undertaken through AICRP-14 Forest Fire Research
F. Assessment of damage and economic
and Knowledge Management (2020-25) on pilot basis in 5 forest types and
losses due to
15 states for 8 parameters only (Timber, Fuelwood, Fodder, NTFP,
forest fire
7 Biodiversity (floral), Carbon storage. carbon sequestration, soil nutrients)
G. Post fire restoration and rehabilitation
strategy in fire
8 affected areas 52.49 52.49 52.49 52.49 209.96
H. Community based Forest Fire
9 management NIL NIL NIL NIL
TOTAL (FRI COMPONENT) 275.91 208.41 197.91 190.41 872.64
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Financial Requirement (Rs. In Lakhs)

S. N. Activity Total
DIRECTORATE OF FORESTRY
EDUCATION FY 2021-22 FY 2022-23 FY 2023-24 FY 2024-25
A. Training of trainers (ToTs) and capacity
building of forestry personnel, JFMCs,
EDCs and other stakeholders (Training in
fire suppression, prevention, detection, and
10 post-fire reporting for field staff) 26.15 26.15 26.15 26.15 104.6
TOTAL (DFE COMPONENT) 26.15 26.15 26.15 26.15 104.6
FOREST SURVEY OF INDIA
11 Establishment of lab 150 20 20 20 210
Procurement of hardware, software and
12 other equipment 100 10 10 10 130
Novel studies, data acquisition and special
13 studies 80 45 45 45 215
Procurement and maintenance of vehicle,
14 HR support 84.96 71.96 71.96 71.96 300.84
Travel, GT, Report printing and
15 contingency charges 60.196 31.196 31.196 31.196 153.784
Sub-Total 475.156 178.156 178.156 178.156 1009.624
16 Forest Fire Risk Zonation Mapping 176.02 57.77 11 NIL 244.79
TOTAL (FSI COMPONENT) 651.176 235.926 189.156 178.156 1254.414
GRAND TOTAL (FRI, DFE, FSI) 953.236 470.486 413.216 394.716 2231.654
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Annexure B
Forest for Food Security

and Nutrition
A Project Proposal
Submitted to Ministry of Environment Forests &

Climate Change
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Forest for Food & Nutrition Security 1
© World Food Programme. 2021
A Project Proposal to MoEFCC, Govt. of India
Forest for Food Security and Nutrition
Prepared By:
Dr Ajay Mahapatra
Pradnya Paithankar
With inputs from:
Himanshu Bal
Animesh Prakash
Office Address:
A, 2, Vasant Vihar
Poorvi Marg, Block A, Vasant Vihar,
New Delhi, Delhi 11005
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Acronyms & Abbreviations

ACF Assistant Conservator of Forest
APO Annual Plan of Operation
AWPB Annual Work Plan and Budget
BPL Below Poverty Line
CAMPA Compensatory Afforestation Managaement and Planning Authority
CBO Community-based Organization
CCD Conservation-cum-Development Plan
CIG Common Interest Group
DFO Divisional Forest Officer
DMU Divisional management Unit
DRDA District Rural Development Agency
EC Executive Committee
FFS Farmers Field School
FFSN Forest for Food and Nutrition security
FRA Forests Rights Act
GoI Government of India
GoJ Government of Jharkhand
GoM Government of MP
GoO Government of Odisha
GP Gram Panchayat
ICDS Integrated child development scheme
IGA Income generating activity
INR Indian Rupee
ITDA Integrated tribal development agency
JFMC Joint Forest Management Committee
LB Check Dam Loose boulder check dam
M&E Monitoring & Evaluation
MIS Management Information System
NGO Non-Governmental Organization
NHM National Horticulture Mission
NRHM National Rural Health Mission
NRLM National Rural Livelihoods Mission
NTFP Non-Timber Forest Produce
OMBADC Odisha mineral bearing area development corporation
ORMAS Orissa Rural Marketing Society
PCCF &HOFF Principal CCF and Head of Forest
PMC Project Mnagement Committee
PoA Plan of Activity
PRA Participatory Rural Appraisal
PRI Panchayati Raj Institutions such as Palli Sabha, Gram Sabha
PVTG Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups
QPM Qulaity planting material
Reinforced cement concrete
RCC check Dams
RMS Rural Marketing society
SC Scheduled Castes
SFD State Forest Department
SFDA State Forest Development Agency
SHG Self Help Group
SMC Soil and moisture conservation measure
SOE Statement of Expenditure
ST Scheduled Tribes
TC Tissue culture
TDCC Tribal Development Coperative Corporation
TRIFED Tribal Marketing Federation of India
TRIFED Tribal coperative marketing federation
VSS Vana Saramkhyan Samiti
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Table of Contents Page No.

A. Executive Summary 4
B. Project rationale & Goal 8
B.1 Country & Rural Development 8
B.2 Policy and Programs on Tribal 9
B.3 Forests, Tribal and Poverty 9
B.4 Problem Statement: 11
B.5 Challenges in managing forests for food security 12
B.6 Knowledge Gaps in Understanding 14
B.7 A Pilot on Forest for Food and Nutrition Security 15
B.8 Project Objective & Outcome 16
B.9 Rationale for Investment 17
C. Programme description 20
C.1 Project Approach 21
C.2 Project area and target group 21
C.3 Targeting 22
C.4 Program implementation 23
C.5 Programme Management 23
C.6 Roles, Responsibility of Executing Agencies 25
C.7 Planning process 29
C.8 Oversight and support 31
C.9 Risk identification and mitigation 31
C.10 Sustainability 32
D. Program Components and Plan of Activities 33
D.1 Project period and phasing 33
D.2 Preparatory Works 33
D.3 Component 1 34
D.4 Component 2. 36
D.5 Component 3. 37
D.6 Component 4. 38
D.7 Research and Documentation 40
E. Financial Management, Procurement 43
E.1 Financing of the Programme 43
E.2 Disbursement Arrangement and Flow of Funds 44
E.3 Internal controls 44
E.4 Procurement Arrangements 45
E.5 Governance 46
F.M&E and Knowledge Management 48
F.1 Focus and Assumption 48
F.2 M&E Framework for FFSNP 48
F.3 M&E Implementation arrangement 49
F.4 Reporting Requirement 50
F.5 Information Flow 52
F.6 M&E System for FFSNP 52
F.7 Assessments of Results 54
F.8 Audits 55
F.9 Learning & Knowledge Management 56
Bibliography 58
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A. Executive Summary
Background: The proposed new project titled Forest for Food Security and Nutrition (FFSN) is
formulated under Ministry of Environment of Forests, Govt. of India programmes to build on the
experiences of scientific management of forests ecosystem for developing thirty three percent of forest
cover while meeting the National commitment on climate change adaptation. Government of India’s
policy of afforesting non forest lands in lieu of forests diverted for developmental purposes has led to
creation of the State and National Campa Fund and has augmented efforts and resources in conserving
forests in India. With notification of CAMPA Act, 2016 and CAMAPA Rules, 2018, the process of
revitalizing natural capitals has received new impetus. It has paved the way for managing forests for
environmental and social goods.
MoEFCC in utilizing resources from National CAMPA Fund plans for innovative approach to support
food security of forest dependent community by adapting forest improvement practices under the
project. It aims to implement forest habitat improvement programs and ancillary activities in 3 states
of India on a pilot scale with a target of scaling up in the long run. The FFSN project has received
committed support from WFP and assurances from Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Tribal
Development, Govt. of India for partnership and convergence of best practices towards addressing
hunger and poverty.
Poverty and Foestrty Context: Rural poverty in India has a distinct regional and occupational
characteristic; the Scheduled Tribes (STs) are among the poorest, followed by the Scheduled Castes
(SCs). Among the STs, the PTGs are the poorest and most vulnerable. Occupationally, marginal and
small farmers and artisans, and forest-dwellers are the poorest. Due to the burgeoning population, both
agriculture and forest resources are strained. Urbanization, changing land-use pattern, climate change,
air and water pollution make the situation more complex. Forests in India sustain the livelihood of
more than 300 million people, many of whom are landless. India’s forest cover is way below the target
of 33%, which means that not only the existing forest have to be conserved but more area needs to be
brought under tree cover. Because, trees and forests can address the above challenges of food security,
nutrition, economic opportunities, and ecosystem services. Trees can provide timber, non-timber
products besides being the most effective in removing carbon dioxide, tackling climate crisis, and
building disaster risk resilience.
Rationale: The programs and practices in Forestry sector has so far, focused on biodiversity
conservation or managing the forest lands for goods such as timber and fuelwood. Recognition of
ecosystem services such as clean air, water, soil, food and nutrition from forests has been gaining
ground and payment models have been well demonstrated even for intangible ecological benefits. A
reorientation of forest management principle and investment priorities, if not a paradigm shift in India
has been therefore voiced from many quarters. Valuation of forests for its contribution to India”s GDP
could be well supported by making forests accessible and veritable resource of food and nutrition for
forest dependent population. The rich forest diversity of India warrants verifiable models and field
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testing of new pathways to meet conservation and development need where people share ownership
and responsibility to manage common goods.
Approach: FFSN has been designed to follow the successful bottom-up planning approach of Joint
Forest Management. Success in FFSN would be attributed to the fact that the implementation process
was planned and followed by forest management communities who were empowered to make the
resources a sustainable community asset. Putting community institutions (such as SHGs and VSSs) in
the driving seat targets that the investment is made in a transparent, need based, and participatory way
for transformational change. The programme adopts an integrated approach, involving support for
improved access to natural resources, agricultural technologies, markets, productive and social
infrastructure, and essential social services. Given the project objective, the design proposes to pilot an
approach of mainstreaming “food and nutrition sensitive” forest and allied activities across all the
proposed project components.
Programme Area and Target Groups: FFSN interventions will be carried out in three districts of Odisha,
M.P and Jharkhand to be implemented by3 Forest Developed Agency (Forest Divisions) of the
respective states, i.e., Keonjhar, East Chindwara, Porahat. The project will make intervention in about 50-
60 villages which are inhabited by primitive and vulnerable tribal groups, namely Munda, Ho, Juang,
Bhuinya, Bhil, and Gonds. Overall, the program will treat 6000 ha. of high forests in the dry deciduous
forest zone and would benefit approx. 600 households directly and about 2500 households indirectly.
Ownership and Alignment: The State Forest Departments of MP, Odisha, Jharkhand are actively
involved with MoEFCC and WFP in the formulation and appraisal of FFSN. The proposed project is
built on the past success of state CAMPA and forestry programs as well as the lessons learned from
other externally funded forestry Projects in India. FFSN is aligned with the Green India Mission strategy
and compatible and supportive of other Government initiatives. It is also in line with strategies and
policies for development of tribal and vulnerable communities of the Governments of India. The
programme goal and objective are in alignment with the SDG objective of climate resilient and
participatory conservation way for addressing food need and hunger.
Programme Goal and Objectives: The overall goal of FFSN is to achieve ‘Improved food and nutrition
security, climate resilience through enhanced forest resources” of the target group households. This is
sought to be achieved through realizing the development objective of enabling improved livelihoods
and food and nutrition security primarily for tribal households and other poor households. This in turn
will be achieved via enhancing stock enrichment, building the capacity of the target households,
securing them their entitlements over forest, improving their agro-forestry practices, promoting
income-generating (forest food plant ) micro-enterprises for alternate livelihoods and ensuring access
to other services and improving community institution.
Components and Sub-components: FFSN Project will have 4 major components (i) Community
Empowerment and improved access to social protection (ii) Forest Management for Ecosystem Services
(iii) Tree based Livelihood Enhancement (iv) On- farm, off farm Livelihood support.
Component 1: Community Empowerment: This component will have two sub-components: (i)
promotion of Vana Samrakhyan Samiti (VSS), SHGs for the planning and execution of forest-based
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activities of the community, community-based food, health, hygiene and nutrition services; and (ii)
Mapping and profiling of Forest Food plants measuring its contribution in socio-economic life of
tribal.
Component 2: NRM and Livelihoods Enhancement: This component will have three sub-components:
(i) Increasing Food source through forest stock enrichment, (ii) Improving productivity through habitat
nurturing, (iii) Enhanced water and moisture retention. This component will also have facilities for
vocational training for the PTG youth and promoting PTG culture and values.
Component 3: Tree based Food security: The support under this component will promote (i) Fruit, and
other forest food tree planting on village commons, fallow land, and farm lands by engaging
community and individual farmers on Agri-Horti, Mixed Block plant modules, (ii) Homestead fruit
garden for nutritional diversity
Component 4: Livelihood enhancement through Food products and forest food Value addition: Three
way livelihood promotion will be adopted by (i) improving agricultural practices, (ii) Forest Food and
NTFP based production and processing units, (iii) technical and financial services for non-farm
household IGAs. Interventions under this component will include inter alia: building critical
infrastructure, storage structures along with drying yards, threshing floors, provision of weighing
scales, household storage bins for promoting value-addition and fair trade in villages, small market
yards and aggregation centres, facilities for food and NTFP processing units.
Lessons Learned from State CAMPA programmes: Key lessons from the on-going CAMPA programs,
and Forest plus projects (ESIP- MP; OFSDP- Odisha; TDP- Bihar) include the following: (i) Forest
health and diversity can be improved by range of plantation activities intensive cultural operation
coupled with soil and moisture conservation on degraded sites, (ii) community protection of forest
needs incentivization to sustain; (iii) fruit trees planting can meet food requirement of tribal and wild
life as well (iv) Forest department resources can be effectively converged with other resources to have
a multiplying effect and increased impacts; (v) there is a need for a quality planting material to ensure
better survival and growth; (vi) smooth flow of funds is essential for effective implementation; and (vii)
a dedicated project management unit with continuity of leadership contributes to success. These
lessons have been incorporated in the FFSN programme design.
Programme costs and financing: Estimated total Programme costs for the three and half-year
programme is INR 455.50 million. This is inclusive of all contribution of INR 37 million as convergence
funding from the Ministry of Agriculture, and Ministry of Tribal Affairs, GoI. WFP has agreed to
commit financial resources to the tune of INR 15 million and provide technical support during
implementation.
Benefits and beneficiaries: A total of 3000 households (comprising mostly PTGs) would directly benefit
from the programme. The programme investments yield an overall positive Internal Rate of Return
with an anticipated net wood value of INR 2400 million over 20 yr rotation and a benefit cost ratio of
2.4:1. The programme remains viable if costs increased and/or benefits decreased by 15%. Farm model
analysis shows perceptible increase in food production per household and net incomes increasing over
the existing levels.
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Organisation and Management: The Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEFCC) at the National
level is the nodal agency and the SFDA (State Forest Development Agency) at the state level becomes
the Lead Programme Agency responsible for the functions relating to planning, funds flow, monitoring
and evaluation, gender mainstreaming and knowledge management through the FDA (DMU) as
described above. A programme steering committee under the DG, Forests will provide overall policy
guidance to FFSN. WFP, India will assist in designing PIG (Program Implementation Guidelines) and
Activity Modules, process and technical oversight to the program implementation.
Planning: The Programme will follow the community centric planning process undertaken by the
respective FDAs (DMU) but with specific modifications to reflect the objectives and purposes of
FFSN. A draft Annual Work Plan and Budget will be drawn up by the DMU by consolidating all
micro-plans in consultation with the respective FMUs and Animators.
Monitoring and Evaluation: The M&E system will aim at measuring progress and performance, and be
a learning tool to critically reflect on programme strategies and operations. WFP will design and
facilitate adoption of an M&E system which will support progress monitoring by programme field
implementation units and partner community groups. Mapping and base line survey, Impact
evaluation will be taken up by WFP under the project cost.
Learning and Knowledge Management: Information generated by the programme will be disseminated
through SFD websites, newsletters, and thematic reports and at learning events. The programme will
develop a Knowledge Management strategy and appropriate action plans. This will include internal
learning through regular progress review meetings and the generation of knowledge products, such as
newsletters (in local languages), briefs, training materials, technical manuals, booklets, posters, videos,
etc.
Risks: There are a few risks associated with the programme. The goal level risk is reduced by
government’s commitment in continuing the tribal development programmes and enhancing
investments. The development objective level risks are addressed by promoting and supporting local
governments and community institutions to build a coalition in favour of stability and economic
growth. The risk of the complex challenging institutional setting involving 50-60 villages will be
reduced by additional, qualified staffing and staff incentives. Other risk mitigation measures include:
(i) promotion of interventions that are acceptable for the tribals; (ii) enhancing communication links
for better access to markets and services; and (iii) ensuring community participation in programme
planning and implementation to ensure community support for the project, and insulation from the
left-wing insurgency in Jharkhand.
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B. Project Rationale & Goal
B.1 Country and rural development context
1. India has a population of over 1.2 billion, composed of several ethnic groups, in more than 5,400
castes and tribes and follow five major religions. India has an area of 3.28 million km 2 covering 20
different agro-ecological zones. Poverty remains a major issue, with 42% of the population living on
less than USD1.25 per day. In 2014, the Human Development Index of the United Nations Development
Programme (UNDP)1 ranked India 131st out of 189 UN member states(2020). India’s economy is the
tenth-largest in the world by nominal GDP and the third-largest by its purchasing power parity (PPP).
After decades of limited growth, during the last 10 years its economic growth has taken off, with an
average GDP growth of 9% from 2002/03 to 2007/08, mainly led by the service sector. Growth has
slowed in recent years, and dropped to 5% for 2013-18. Inflation is a major economic challenge for the
country, and has a bearing on rural poverty and growth in the rural sector.
2. Distribution of the benefits of growth to poor rural people has been limited by inadequate physical
and social infrastructure; poor access to services; low investment; a highly stratified and hierarchical
social structure, characterized by inequalities in assets, status and power; and ineffective, inefficient
implementation of pro-poor programmes, owing to governance failures. There is now a genuine and
widespread recognition that, without inclusive growth, the social and political consequences of rising
inequalities could be very adverse.
3. About 69% of India’s population live in rural areas, with over half employed in the agriculture sector
which contributes 16% of GDP. Although production of food grains reached a total of 303 million tons
2 in 2020-21, growth in output is falling behind the 1.4% growth in population. India has 33 per cent of
the world’s poor, as poverty has not fallen at the pace of economic growth. Nutritional levels are
unacceptably low, with 42.5% of children underweight for age, being one of the highest rates globally.
Malnutrition is linked to half of the child deaths and a quarter of cases of diseases. On the Global
Hunger Index of the IFPRI 3, India is ranked 63rd out of 78 countries studied. With a score of 21.3, India
remains in the orange category tagged ‘alarming’ level of hunger. Prevailing social inequality and the
low nutritional, educational, and social status of women are considered as key factors contributing to
high prevalence of malnutrition in children below the age of five.
4. Agricultural wage earners, smallholder farmers and casual workers in the non-farm sector constitute
the bulk of poor rural people. Within these categories, women and tribal communities are the most
deprived. In terms of gender deficit, India is ranked 112 among 153 countries by the World Economic
Forum Global Gender Gap Index 2020 4 . About 300 million young people (in 13 and 35 age group) live
in rural areas, most of them being forced to migrate seasonally or permanently, without the skills and
competencies required by the modern economy. Large bodies of research shows that forests provide
an essential contribution to income of both rural and urban communities with studies suggesting that
forests may contribute from a fifth, to more than a quarter, of the incomes of households living near
forests. However, substantially less is known about how forests can serve as a pathway to prosperity
through sustainable and substantial income streams, and the conditions under which these income
streams can generate durable and/or productive assets. In India, forest-related practices, programs and
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policies, has so far focused on the conservation, increased tree cover, with little thrust and investment
on providing pathway out of poverty or addressing hunger, especially tribal mostly living in the fringes
of forests.
B.2 Policies and programs for Forest dependent Tribal
5. India’s tribal population is officially registered according to their distinct cultural and ethnic features
called “Scheduled Tribes (STs)” with a population of 104.3 million as per 2011 Census constitutes
approximately 8.6% of India’s population. Unlike the Scheduled Castes (SCs) who are dispersed
throughout the country, STs have traditionally been concentrated in about 15% of the country’s
geographical areas, characterised mainly with forests, hills, and undulating inaccessible areas.
6. The fact that most of them live in isolated groups in relatively remote areas has meant that they have
suffered from reduced access to basic services and fewer opportunities for economic development. Out
of the total ST population, approximately 2.6 million (2.5 per cent) belong to “Particularly Vulnerable
Tribal Groups” (PTGs). This classification is reserved for the most disadvantages of all the ST
communities. There are 75 identified PTGs spread across 17 States and Union Territories in India 5.
7. The Planning Commission, Government of India (GoI) has reiterated various challenges and
persistent gaps in tribal development in India. Because of the remoteness of location of most ST
populations, the extent to which they can benefit from general development programmes of the
government has remained grossly limited. Hence there is an urgent need for special efforts to ensure
adequate flow of services and benefits to the STs including provisions from forestry sector.
8. One of the key factors has been persistent poor implementation of existing schemes in the tribal
regions, in turn contributing to exceptionally high levels of poverty among ST population. The decline
in poverty rate is much slower among ST populations than for the general population. The critical
aspect is that the poverty gap has been steadily rising among ST populations with the result that
between 1993-94 and 2004-05, the share of ST population amongst the poor in the country increased
from 15.8 to 20.5% 6. Further the tribal community is one of the most malnourished group.
9. While there has been substantial evidence and arguments in favour of forests-tribal harmonious
interdependence, forest laws and policies have adopted a centralized institutional approach alienating
traditional tenurial rights of tribals over forests and forest products. FCA, 1980, Biodiversity Act, EC
Act, State NTFP Rules etc have in many ways limited their access both in term of extraction of forest
produce, settlements, ownership and traditional rights, as more and more forest lands got reserved and
brough under biodiversity conservation and wildlife management. Forest governance has adversely
impacted the resource access of tribal influencing their food and nutrition base.
B.3 Forests, Tribal and Poverty in Odisha, MP and Jharkhand
10. Odisha is geographically the eighth largest State and the 11th most populous among Indian States.
Situated in a sub-tropical region, Odisha has varied topography and a complex ecology and is fifth
largest in terms of forest area, with 31% of the State’s geographical area classified as forests. In spite of
its rich natural resource endowment Odisha continues to be one of the poorest States in India with high
incidence of poverty and low indices of human development.
11. At 33%, the head count poverty in Odisha in 2011-12 was fourth highest in India. Poverty rates for
rural populations are double those of their urban counterparts. STs are among the poorest, followed by
SCs. Poverty also has a regional imprint, with the hilly districts encompassing the Eastern
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Ghats, the Northern Plateaus and the Central Table lands, together home to over 92% of Odisha’s
STs, being poorest compared to the fertile coastal districts.
12. Odisha is home to 62 STs including 13 PTGs. The PTGs are concentrated in the Eastern Ghats and
the Northern Plateau; these two regions together are home to almost three-fourths of the State’s ST
population. Both these regions are characterized by rugged hilly terrain and high rainfall and together
account for most of the State’s area demarcated as forests. The PTGs gather non-timber forest produce
(NTFPs) both for consumption and selling and this occupies a significant space in their livelihood
basket. Some of the PTGs, such as the Birhor, Mankirdia and Hill-Kharia are still largely dependent on
hunting and gathering of NTFP/forest food while the Bondo, Didayi, Juang, Dongaria Kandha, Kutia
Kandha, Lanjia Saora and Paudi Bhuiyan depend upon shifting cultivation (podu cultivation). The Saora
and Lanjia Saora are engaged in terrace cultivation besides shifting cultivation and the Lodha and
Chuktia Bhunjia have also taken to settled cultivation. Overall, PTG agriculture is characterized by a
combination of shifting cultivation and some settled farming, including homestead cultivation. The main
crops cultivated include maize, a wide variety of millets, goda dhaan (short duration, rain-fed upland
paddy), other varieties of rain-fed paddy, beans and pulses (local variety of pigeon pea), Niger,
mustard, sesame, and tubers.
13. Jharkhand as the 14th most populous state in India is home to 33 million people, out of which 13
million people are poor (The World Bank, 2016). More than 70 per cent of people in this state live in
rural areas (Government of Jharkhand, 2017a: 57), and around 37 per cent of the state’s population are
classified as living below the poverty line (BPL). Poverty, higher in the southern and eastern districts
of Jharkhand is overwhelmingly a rural phenomenon.
14. Overall, Jharkhand remains among the most poverty-stricken states of India, with wide regional
and inter-district disparities. Political instability and unplanned exploitation of mineral wealth without
benefitting the local, largely tribal, population indicate deficits of good governance well-planned
development, resulting in pockets of severe poverty in some parts of the state. The ongoing Naxalite
problem puts further obstacles in the path of sustainable development but is itself also a consequence
of underdevelopment. The state of Jharkhand has a unique relation with forest since ancient times. The
word ‘Jharkhand’ connotes ‘area of land covered with forests’. Therefore, literally as well as
symbolically, Jharkhand is associated with forests. Various ethnic groups such as Munda, Oraon, Ho,
Santhal, Paharia, Chero, Birjea, Asura and other have influenced their ecosystems by varying practices
of agro-pastoralism over the years. Traditionally, these indigenous people have symbiotic relations
with forests. Local festivals like Sarhul and Karma are customarily related with worshipping of trees.
15. Jharkhand with a geographical area of 79,714 km² constitutes 2.42% of the country’s area. The total
recorded forest area of the state is 23,605 km² which is 29.61% of the geographical area of the state. Of
the total recorded forest area, Reserved Forests constitute 18.58%, Protected Forests 81.28%, and
Unclassed Forests 0.14%. As per India State of Forest Report, 2017 published by Forest Survey of India,
forest cover in the state is 23, 553 km² which is 29.54% of the state’s geographical area. The total forest
and tree cover put together, it constitutes about 33.21% of the geographical area of the state.
16.The state of Madhya Pradesh covers a geographical area of 3,08,252 square kilometer. It lies mainly
on the central Indian plateau with altitudes ranging from 200 to about 1400 meter above sea level. The
total population of the state is 72.63 million as per the Census of 2011. The decadal population growth
rate between 2001 and 2011 was 2.03 percent. The average population density in Madhya Pradesh is
236 persons per square kilometer, though; this is much higher in districts with a large urban population.
Of the total population, 52.6 million, or 72.4 percent live in 52,000 villages located in the rural areas. Of
these, 15609 villages are located within or close to the forest areas. All these villages have Joint Forest
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Management Committees as per the provisions of the state Government. Consequently, about 21
million people live in villages located in forest or forest fringe areas. There are 824 forest villages in the
state located on the notified forestland.
17. The tribal population in the state is 15.3 million, which is about 21.1 percent of the total population
of the state. There are 35 different tribes, but only two, the Bhils and the Gonds together account for 72
percent of the tribal population. Tribal people live in all of the 52 administrative districts of the state,
but they are concentrated in the well-forested areas in the east and south of the state. There are 89 tribal
blocks in the state having more than 50 percent tribal population, spread over 20 districts of the state.
18. 9.47 million ha of legally designated forestlands are under the control of the Madhya Pradesh
Forest Department (MPFD). Of this total, 6.19 million ha are classified as “Reserved Forest”, 3.11
million ha as “Protected Forest” and 0.17 million ha as “Unclassified”. Forest vegetation types vary
with agro-climatic zones and include dry thorn, dry and moist deciduous and sub-tropical semi-
evergreen forest. As per India’s State of the Forest Report 2019, very dense forest having more than
0.7 canopy density is 0.67 million ha, moderately dense forest having 0.4 to 0.7 canopy density is 3.43
million ha and open forest having less than 0.4 canopy density is 3.65 million ha. The livelihoods of
local communities are significantly dependent on the forest; therefore, there is immense biotic
pressure on the forest.
B.4 Problem Statement: Can Forests and Tree-based Systems Contribute to Food
Security and Nutrition (FSN)
19. As population estimates for 2050 reach over 9 billion, the resources will be severely constrained and
issues of food security and nutrition will become critical and need to dominate the policy debates.
Number of people who are undernourished worldwide, shows uptick as per SOFI (2020) and one of
the key drivers is climate change. Malnutrition – defined as either under-5 stunting, anemia among
women of reproductive age or adult obesity – affects nearly every country on the planet (IFPRI, 2014) 8.
Despite impressive productivity increases, there is growing evidence that conventional agricultural
strategies fall short of eliminating global hunger, result in unbalanced diets that lack nutritional
diversity, enhance exposure of the most vulnerable groups to volatile food prices. (FAO, 2013; FAO et
al., 2013) 9.
20. Zero Hunger was adopted as one of seventeen Sustainable Development Goals at the United
Nations Sustainable Development Summit in September 2015, setting the global Agenda for
Sustainable Development until 2030. Fulfilling these goals requires not just providing universal and
year-round access to food for the world’s growing population, but doing so in a nutritionally-balanced
way, while enhancing livelihood security for smallholders, reducing waste from consumption and
production systems and also ensuring that these systems are sustainable. Enhancing global production
of food through farm productivity have found to be not ensuring that those who are hungry have the
means to increase their intake of food. The resource poor, in particular, may not have the means by
which to purchase the increased output of food that these new technologies promise, and may continue
to rely on more locally-appropriate and accessible means of fulfilling their nutritional needs 10.
Production is also constrained by the lack of equitable access to land, technology and capital, which
typically remain unavailable to the large majority of smallholder farmers and vulnerable populations
such as tribal communities.
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21. On the other hand, there is considerable evidence that suggests that forests and tree-based systems
can play an important role in complementing agricultural production in providing better and more
nutritionally-balanced diets 11; wood fuel for cooking; greater control over food consumption choices,
particularly during lean seasons and periods of vulnerability (especially for marginalized groups); and
deliver a broad set of ecosystem services which enhance and support crop production
22. Forests and trees contribute to FSN through four main channels: direct provision of food; provision
of energy, especially for cooking; income generation and employment; and provision of ecosystem
services that are essential for FSN, human health and well-being. Although forest foods have been
estimated to represent only 0.6 percent of global food energy supply, they make a considerable
contribution to dietary quality and diversity and play a critical role for the FSN of forest-dependent
communities, tribal in particular. Forest foods, by reaching local, national and even international
markets, also contribute to diverse and balanced diets for people living far from forests. Forests and
trees are also used as a source of fodder by farmers and pastoralists in traditional extensive systems
and in more intensive silvopastoral systems12.
23. Forests and trees directly support food production at farm, landscape and broader levels by
delivering numerous non-provisioning ecosystem services that are essential for FSN and sustainable
development in the long term (such as water regulation, soil protection, nutrient circulation, pest
control and pollination). Forests, tree-based agricultural systems and forestry impact human health in
a diversity of ways, including: provisioning of food, medicinal plants, fuelwood, clean water and
income. Forests and trees can play a crucial role to improve resilience, defined as the capacity to
prevent, mitigate or cope with risk, and recover from shocks, at landscape, community and household
levels. They thus make a significant contribution to stability, the fourth dimension of FSN, by playing
a major role as a safety net during drought or lean seasons as well as during periods of crises and
conflicts. The formal and informal forestry sectors are also important sources of employment and
income, often underestimated given the importance of the informal sector.
24. It has been estimated that approximately 1.2-1.5 billion people (just under 20 percent of the global
population) are forest dependent. World Bank, 2002 estimates include about 60 million indigenous
people who are almost wholly dependent on forests. In India 270 million are considered forest
dependent.
B.5 Challenges in managing forests for food security
24. While there has been serious recognition across the globe about role of forests, the conversion of
forest lands is impairing the opportunity to manage it for overall social welfare. Changes in forest cover,
forest types and management have considerable impacts on the contributions of forests and trees to
FSN at different spatial and temporal scales. These changes, as well as their drivers, enable the
identification of some of the challenges and opportunities for sustainable forestry to contribute to FSN.
The loss and degradation of forests exacerbate the problem of food insecurity both directly and
indirectly: directly, by affecting the availability of fruits and other forest-and tree-based food products,
and indirectly by modifying ecological factors relevant for crop and livestock and thereby affecting the
availability of food 14.
25. Deforestation and forest degradation threaten income, livelihoods and ways of life of forest-
dependent populations, and compromise the provision of ecosystem services that are essential to FSN
and sustainable development in the long term. Deforestation for agricultural expansion is sometimes
considered to offer greater opportunities for welfare improvement. However, those immediate benefits
can result in depletion of natural resources, simplified diets and compromised livelihoods and ways of
life in the long term. These trends intensify the competition for land. They also intensify the competition
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between forest uses, for environmental preservation, for timber and wood production, and for food
and other NWFPs, each of which impacts FSN. Addressing the issue of competition for land while
taking into account agricultural and forests demands on the one hand, environmental and climate
concerns on the other hand, calls for tackling consistently the trade-offs at and between different scales,
from local to global.
26. These increasing demands on land, forests and trees create new challenges and opportunities
for their contributions to FSN. They can threaten some of the contributions of forests to FSN,
particularly when such contributions are less visible or concern marginalized and most vulnerable
groups. On the other hand, they can create additional reasons to protect and invest in forests and
generate new jobs and opportunities for sustainable development. This calls for a better
understanding of the drivers of change, and of the dynamics at play in evolving landscapes such
as secondary forests, landscape mosaics, agroforestry systems and their impact for FSN and
sustainable development, and for a better support for the forest restoration of areas that qualify
as other wooded land.
27. Paradigms for forest and tree management have evolved considerably in the last fifty years, away
from a state-controlled, production-centric approach to more collaborative systems which prioritise
the needs of local people, and also value the roles of forests in providing critical ecosystem services,
especially habitats for biodiversity, pollination, soil protection, water and climate regulation (Mace,
2014). Decentralized management systems now better reflect local demands, especially for woodfuel,
fodder and small timber (Larson et al., 2010).
28. While there is growing recognition that forests and tree-based systems complement agriculture in
providing food security and nutrition, responsibility for managing these diverse elements of the
productive landscape is typically fragmented across different government departments and
administrative jurisdictions in most countries. The complex, overlapping and interconnecting
processes which link tree products and services to food security and nutrition are currently not
adequately represented in forestry, agriculture, food or nutrition-related strategies at global and
national levels, though their importance is often well known at more local scales by consumers, forest
producers and farmers.
29. There are numerous international treaties and standards that have an influence on the way
forests are managed. Among them some focus on the environmental dimensions of forest
management, such as the three Rio Conventions, the United Nations Framework Convention on
30. Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the United
Nations Convention to Combat Diversification (UNCCD). Other treaties relate to international
human rights, in particular to the right to adequate food and nutrition. There is also increasing
interest in market-based instruments to recognize and valorize the different contributions of
forests, especially related to environmental issues. Examples include carbon credits and other
payments for environmental services, certification and green procurement. Forest certification
plays an important role in assessing and monitoring the sustainable management of forests in an
independent way. While such instruments can link forestry management to people who consume
forest products from a distance, they do not always fully integrate FSN concerns and the needs of
local forest-dependent people and communities.
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Table Challenges in Managing Forests for Food security in India
1 Lack of information on Wild edibles gathered by Forest fringe community, dietary share,
seasonality and volume of production
2 Lack of forest inventory of flora and fauna providing food, drinks, medicine etc in Range and
Divisional level
3 Loss of food tree diversity and density due to degradation, climatic effect, overexploitation.
No species specific or habitat specific assessment of such loos
4 Reduced natural regeneration of food trees, shrubs, herbs due to unsustainable harvesting,
anthropogenic pressure
5 No policy directives, intervention focus of Forest management towards improving resources
for food generation from forest landscape
6 Soil degradation and increase run off from forests impact the farm productivity downstream
which is not accounted in forest management principle and practice
7 Little institutional support, financing of fruit tree planting on forest land
8 Traditional Agricultural program and practices of Govt. has ignored forest as resources for
generating food supplements
9 Forest nurseries cater to mostly timber, fuel and mixed species and free distribution of
seedlings rarely supply food plants to subsistence farmers, forest dependent population
10 No technology infusion in production of food species QPM, Monitoring of tree growth, fruit,
seed outturn
11 Ownership sharing of forest land it usufruct is ambiguous and non-transparent with respect
to product harvest from forest reducing community interests in conservation and sustainable
extraction
12 Value addition, aggregation and productization are rare or non existent.
13 Absence of technical knowhow with forest staff on market support, nursery technique value
addition of species valuable for food security.
14 Lack of market demand for forest borne wild edibles
15 Agroforestry uptake in village commons or farm land has ignored the food focus
31. Sustainable Forest Management for FSN thus requires integrated, innovative and inclusive
governance systems across sectors at different spatial and temporal scales, ensuring the full and
effective participation of all concerned stakeholders and affected groups, particularly of women, as well
as vulnerable and marginalized groups, including indigenous peoples and forest-dependent
communities. In particular, appropriate arrangements must be designed at the landscape level where
the challenges are to optimize the concrete cohabitation among cities, agriculture, forests and other
natural areas, and to better integrate FSN concerns in forest management
B.6 Knowledge Gaps in Understanding of Tree based FSN
32. While the evidence base for the role of forests and tree-based systems for food security and nutrition
is growing there remain many gaps in our understanding of this relationship and its potential
contribution to reducing global hunger and malnutrition. In these contexts, food from forests and tree-
based systems is likely to continue to form an essential part of household strategies to eliminate hunger
and achieve nutritionally balanced diets. Unfortunately, there is little current appreciation of the
diverse ways in which these tree-based landscapes can supplement agricultural production systems in
achieving global food security amongst the international and national decision-making communities.
Many forms of traditional forest management for food including the creation of multi-storied agroforests,
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the planting of diverse forest gardens or, the management of swidden-fallows for food, have remained,
either invisible to researchers and planners or not adopted as an integral forest management policy by
governments. Even the many contributions that woodlands make to agricultural production outside of
forests have been largely overlooked.
33. Despite large quantum of resources allocated to the development of people in the forest fringes and
plethora of programmes, the impact to raise their standard of living has been limited. The malnutrition
rates as well are higher among these communities often trapped in the inter-generational cycle. The
policies so far have not paid enough attention to forest as an additional source of nutrition for these
population and how that can be brought-in the mainstream. Forests in different areas with varieties of
flora and fauna have potential to provide different kinds of nutrition rich food that can supplement the
community needs. Non-consumptions of such nutritious resources from forest could be various aspects
including lack of knowledge, priority to earn incomes by selling them rather than consuming
themselves or restrictions due to rules/regulations or cultural practices. Additionally, the livelihood
options are limited and do not help generate adequate incomes. The communities as such may or may
not have access to government social protection schemes, and many a times these schemes do not
specifically cater to their specific requirements. During agriculture lean seasons, these communities are
totally dependent on such schemes- if they are covered- or face dire food or nutritional insecurity if
forests do not come to their rescue.
34. Despite the huge potential of forest and tree foods to contribute to diets, knowledge on many forest
foods, especially wild foods, is rapidly being lost due to social change and modernization. Lack of
knowledge in the community might be exacerbated by the effects of migration and movement. There
is a need to explore the forest-food nexus in much more detail, particularly in relation to the integrated
management of multi-functional landscapes, and the multi-scalar and cross-sectoral governance
approaches that are required for the equitable delivery of these benefits. What is needed is recognition
of the ways in which people command access to food, how this varies by season, and how the inter-
personal dynamics and biases (especially due to gender) of intra-household food allocation result in
differential nutritional outcomes within families.
B.7 A Pilot on Forest for Food and Nutrition Security: Establishing evidence for
scale-up
35.Programs and practices in Forestry sector has been founded on the principle of biodiversity
conservation or managing it mostly for goods as Timber and fuelwood. In recent times, the climate
debate has prompted many countries to realign forestry practices and investment for incorporating
climate justice in the intervention frameworks. Recognition of ecosystem services from forests has been
gaining ground and payment models for participants have been well demonstrated in several
landscapes advancing arguments for reorientation of forestry management principle and investment
priorities. Valuing forests in term of GDP contribution will be well supported by making it as a direct
source of food and nutrition for forestry dependent and forest fringe population which necessitates
verifiable models and testing of suitable approaches. This proposed project will be a unique one
bringing the SDG-2 and SDG-13 together for improved results. The innovative FFSN project aims at
testing the following hypothesis;
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➢ If, systematic inventory and mapping of forest food plants, their nutrition relevance and
forest regions producing subsistence edibles is made with participation of forest dependent
population, they will be aware of its true value and actively support forest conservation.
➢ If, sylvicultural operations, forests improvement activities, soil and water conservation
measures etc, are specifically tailored to improve the production of edibles from forest
plants, then it will serve the dual objective of forest growth, water recharging, enhanced
forest food production and bring dietary diversity.
➢ That, the stock enrichment by way of establishing Forest Food Plantation Blocks and
sharing of the usufructs will lead to enhanced wild edibles for primary collectors,
sustainable harvest of products, increased biodiversity and reduced damage to forests in
the long run
➢ That, with handholding and community empowerment, raising awareness on food and
nutrition issues, potential of using this as a means of improving incomes,, exploring NTFP
enterprise to unlock income opportunity for forest dependence community.
➢ The food and nutrition security of forest dependent tribal population can be ensured if they
are supported to take benefit of food safety net schemes, and their on-farm agri practices
are improved and off farm livelihood activities are strengthened with technical support
and rural financial services system
The result of the project in terms of what works and how, will help creating a replicable model that can
be scaled-up in other geographies across India, with relevant customization.
B.8 Project Objective & Outcome
36. Forests For Food Security & Nutrition project will aim at bringing a sustainable change in the lives
of most vulnerable populations in forest fringes through increased access to diversified food, resilient
livelihoods leveraging Forest based ecosystem services and agroforesty. It will also w ork towards
creating an enabling environment through increased awareness, access and uptake of government
policies and services on food and nutrition.
37. The overall goal the project is to enable improved livelihoods and food and nutrition security
primarily for about 3000 households, most of them being tribal households in the forest fringes using
forest as resource. This in turn will be achieved through objectives of building the capacity of the target
households, securing them their access to over forest, improving their agricultural productivity by way
of improving water supply from forests, promoting income-generating micro-enterprises for alternate
livelihoods and ensuring access to food safety net of on-going schemes of line department. To achieve
the objective of empowerment, the programme will promote women’s SHGs, strengthen JFMC/VSS at
village and Palli /Gram Sabhas for planning and implementation of programme interventions and will
train community resource persons (CRPs) to provide necessary services for production and marketing.
The key results of the project include;
1. Increased productivity of forest for food/nutrition for the local communities and establishment
a system of sustainable harvest
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2. Improved forest management for concomitant improvement in flow of ecological services

(water and nutrients) from forests to the nearby agricultural / fish farms to improve farm and
fish productivity
3. Sustainable Environment with forest-based ecosystem services for vulnerable forest dependent
communities;
4. Empowered communities, with improved physical and economic access of food through Non-
Timber Based Forest Products
5. Increase in household food surplus and consumption through alternative forest produce and
farm productivity based on innovative forest management practices
38. The objectives will be attained through four prong strategy, i.e., a) Community empowerment
through strengthening CBO; Community based institutions, and improved access to social protection
schemes b) Natural resource management for improved ecosystem services, c) Tree based livelihood
enhancement programs, d) Supporting off farm and non farm livelihood and food security activities.
Alignment of Proposed Project to National Targets:
39. The planned activity would aim to deliver project objectives as ensuring sustainable food
production systems and implement resilient agricultural practices increasing productivity and
production, while maintaining ecosystems, that strengthen capacity for adaptation to climate change,
and reduce distress (SDG 2.4). Conservation of wild relatives and edibles to improve genetic resources
for local use is an added benefit of the planned deliverables which align with SDG 2.5. Sustainable
management of terrestrial ecosystem as Forests, arresting land degradation and biodiversity enshrined
in SDG 15 is a major element being tested through the pilot project. The pathway followed is
community centric and targeted through empowerment of VSS, SHG follows the principle of SDG 13.3.
40. India’s NDC Goal of creating additional carbon sink through additional forest and tree cover is
addressed by way of stock enrichment models and agroforestry planned in the project areas. Climate
change vulnerability by way of food production loss by enhancing investment in development
programmes in particularly agriculture, water resources is included as a hypothesis to be tested also
meets the NDC commitment.
B.9 Rationale for Investment
41. There are a number of factors which combine to provide a solid rationale for investing in this
proposed project: “Forests For Food Security & Nutrition” (FFSN). These include: (i) the extreme
poverty and malnutrition that characterises the PTG population in Odisha, MP and Jharkhand; (ii) the
availability of a NR based livelihood models for integrated tribal development in all these three states
(IFAD, JBIC, WB supported) a, ready for adaptation and scaling-up to PTG areas; (iii) the availability
of an existing institutional structure in Tribal areas to implement the project; (iv) the close alignment
with Government priorities, the ownership of the Government (in designing the concept for this new
project),
42. The tribal population, more specifically the PTGs among the STs remain the most disadvantaged in
the State. They fare poorly on all development indicators such as food and nutrition security, literacy
and health. Given their high dependence on an ecologically complex natural resource base, they are
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also highly vulnerable to variability in weather and climate shocks. The livelihoods of PTGs are
overwhelmingly dependent on natural resources. They derive their livelihood from shifting cultivation,
rain-fed agriculture and gathering of forest foods. their farming practices are primitive, with rain-fed
paddy and millets being the main crops. Given the ecological complexity of their terrains, poor farming
systems and lack of focus for the development of rain-fed areas, the PTG areas have been suffering
widespread land degradation. Efforts are therefore needed to reverse this downward spiral of low
productivity and declining resource base.
43. Experience learnt from various multilateral projects concerning tribal and forests development over
the years have successfully demonstrated an integrated development could be achieved through
involving tribal groups in planning and implementation of various development initiatives, especially
the development of natural resources. A large number of women’s SHGs have been promoted under
Mission shakti who could be the flag bearers to leverage nature based solutions for removing hunger
and generating income, provided due guidance and investment is done. Forest department has over
the years institutionalized the PFM concept by creating VSS/JFMC who have forged meaningful
partnership to conserve forests. However, what has been lacking is a consolidated high intensity
integrated programme of support, targeted through these existing institutions, with clear targets and
time frames. The proposed programme would seek to deliver this by capitalizing on the institutional
development that has already taken place, and would seek to deliver a range of services to the PTGs
especially to supplement nutrition through appropriate development initiatives. It is also in line with
GoI/GoO's strategies and policies for development of tribal and vulnerable communities and inclusive
growth.
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PROPOSED LOGFRAME FOR THE PILOT PROJECT
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C. Programme description
C.1 Project Approach
1. Project intervention will be designed to follow the successful bottom-up planning approach. It will
be a community driven, departmentally guided process. Success in the programme would be attributed
to the fact that the implementation process was owned by forest dependent community. Putting tribal
grass-roots institutions (SHGs and VSSs) in the driving seat is to ensure the project is trusted by the
target groups. With forest fringes communities at the heart of the project, the new design focuses on
future scaling-up activities and successful approaches tested and proven in the pilot areas. The project
adopts an integrated approach, involving support for improved access to forest land, natural resources,
agroforestry technologies, for improved food and nutrition securities. Finally, the design is also aligned
with major State Government development programmes to ensure local communities receive
maximum benefits from convergence funding.
2. Another major element of the project approach is gender mainstreaming. In relation to the forest land
and water resource development activities, women will be given priority trainings on food security, in
the setting up of tree nurseries for any plantation activities and will be involved in livelihood activities.
Soil and moisture conservation development activities will prioritize woman headed households and
those who do not have sources of irrigation of any kind. Backyard fruit tree, forage trees planting would
target women groups. Women would play a critical role in developing community forests, nursery
activities and also to raise forage and firewood trees. Priority would be given to plant local fast growing
food, and forage trees to enhance availability of fruits, and forage near villages with a view to reducing
drudgery to women. Emphasis would be given in setting up of demonstration plots to households that
are provided land pattas under FRA. Women keen to pursue income generation activity will be formed
into new SHGs, or the existing SHGs will be strengthened to undertake additional activities under
forest for food and nutrition project.
3. An important element of the project approach relates to nutrition. Given the severe malnutrition
situation in forest fringe villages usually witnessed, the design will mainstream “nutrition sensitive
agriculture and agroforestry” activities across the pilot villages. First the programme will implement
activities related to nutrition education which include training on various nutrition rich local food
items, training on processing and storage and introduction of seed bank, storage yards on the lines of
grain bank. Second, the programme will implement interventions that promote nutrition-sensitive
forestry by promoting tree food, tree oil seeds and wild vegetables. Third, the programme will promote
nutrition-dense livelihood activities by promoting, kitchen garden and linking with vegetable farming
through NHM
4. The approach to programme implementation includes: (i) awareness generation; (ii) facilitating
grass-roots institutional development; (iii) supporting grassroots planning and implementation; (iv)
ensuring flow of resources to the communities through their institutions; and (v) involving local
partners in capacity building and awareness creation and also for the delivery of services as key service
providers. The implementation will be on the basis of inclusive approach and this would mean that all
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communities and households residing within selected villages will form the target groups but special
emphasis will be given to the development of Tribal.
5. The programme will adopt a flexible, evidence-based, participatory process-oriented approach to

enable the primary stakeholders to determine the scope of program activities, and their timing, pace
and sequencing. The program will mobilize and nurture capacity of community-based organizations
in each of the program village to prepare and implement a Microplan. A gradual and phased approach
will be adopted to ensure capacity building of the tribal to take over implementation of activities.
Necessary systems and processes will be built to allow for handholding, supervision and evaluation of
performance.
C.2 Project area and target group
6. Three states, having high tribal population, higher forest coverage and poverty level i.e., Madhya
Pradesh, Jharkhand, and Odisha are selected for pilot testing the planned activities. 3 forest divisions,
one each from the selected states (Keonjhar in Odisha, East Chindwara from MP and Porahat Forest
Division of Jharkhand are selected in consultation with SFDs which possess high diversity of Forest
Foods, substantial tribal population, significant dependence on Forest for consumption and livelihood,
prevalent malnutrition and deprivation, and wide spread subsistence agriculture.
7. In each forest division, 3 Forest Ranges are selected having high forest density and canopy cover.
One forest block in each of the forest range (with a minimum of 2000 ha.) was identified for
implementation of Forest Food, food plant augmentation, cultural operation, water conservation and
ecosystem improvement activities inside forests and on community land on the forest fringes. In total,
3 forest blocks over an approx. area of 6000 ha. will be covered under conservation assessment and
intensification of forest management to support livelihood and unlock income opportunity relating
Forest Foods. It is planned to cover a cluster of 5-6 villages around each forest blocks totaling about 30
villages village communities would directly participate in the Plan of Activities and draw direct income
and wage employment in short run, connecting with the program period and deriving long term benefit
of food, forage, pasture thereafter.
Selection of Villages:
8. Criteria used for selection of villages would be:

1. Forest Degradation
2. Size of Forest Land on which people are traditionally depending
3. Situation on the Catchment of any drainage system
4. Distance of the village from the adjoining forests
5. Prevalence of ST/SC Population
6. Poverty in terms of BPL families
7. Approachability (Distance to all season Motorable road)
8. Water Availability
9. Forest Food collection
10. Functioning VSS
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C.3 Targeting
9. Geographic targeting: As described above, the programme would work in a pre-defined number of
Ranges in selected forest divisions. The geographical targeting is made keeping view of the program
objective to achieve goal of the Project. Interventions would necessarily benefit 100% of the population
living in these Gram Panchayats (for example village development planning and associated village
institutions, and infrastructure such as water harvesting, water channel, stream management). Special
efforts would be made to ensure that all members of the community, and in particular the most
vulnerable groups, are able to participate effectively in these village planning events and in village
institutions.
10.Targeting specific groups: In addition to geographic targeting, the programme would also target
specific categories of population (Tribal, women, youth, etc), and each component would have a
specific strategy. The SHG formation approach would follow NRLM norms. About 60% of SHG
members will be from the Tribal households and the remaining members would come from other ST
households. The land allocation component would be targeted primarily to Tribals.
Table. FFSN Program Area
State Forest Range Forest Block Area Village Tribals
Division Group
Odisha Keonjhar Telkoi Kalapat 21488.35 Ahigola, Bena, Juang,
Popdanga, Ranki, Bhuinya
Kuladera
Sinduria, Patakholi,
Padiaposi, Balijodi
Jharkhand Porahat Songra Rogod 3124.5 Rogod,Halmad Munda,Ho
Shankra,Kotagara,
Kontari, Dighi,
Ladauli
Itibirda, Kerabasa
MadhyaPradesh East West Batkagarh 19997.30 Teepakheda Gonds,

Chindwara Batakhapa Moyakuhi, Kamthi Bahariya
Ankhawari
Batkagarh, Digdhar
Madhi, Kamtha
Karaghat, Balusar
11.Tribals will be the major beneficiaries of land treatment works, irrigation development and other
NRM related activities. The forest food extraction and nutrition related activities would be targeted to
all households. Tribal population and forest gatherers will be the priority target group to receive
support for fruit and spice crop development on degraded land. Interventions like kitchen gardens,
farm bund planting would be targeted to interested households. Livelihood interventions such as
processing of forest food produce, clusters and producer collectives will be supported in response to
expressed interest from the village households and other poor communities in order to facilitate
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creation of required economies of scale and marketing support. Vocational training programmes would
be targeted exclusively to CIG (Common interest group).
12. Women will be focused as priority group as they play a pivotal role in the well-being of their
families and the household income, and yet they are particularly disadvantaged. Through
collectivization as SHGs and capacity strengthening, awareness about rights, and entitlements, better
livelihood opportunities, and access to health, fiancial and education services will be provided.
C.4 Program implementation
13. The FFSN project will be community driven programme and the plan of activities will follow a
bottom-up approach of implementation. The Primary Stakeholder are the members of Vana Surakshya
Samiti (VSSs), Self Help Group, Common Interest Group, Vulnerable Households etc., whereas,
Secondary Stakeholders are MoEFCC, SFD, WFP, ICFRE, TFRI, RPRC, Govt. departments, Research
Institutes, Agriculture University etc.
14.Two broad principles will govern the management and coordination structure for FFSN project: (i)
strengthen the capacity of existing systems and institution at field and community level (ex, VSS/JFMC)
rather than create alternative systems; and (ii) recognise that extreme remoteness has a bearing on the
availability of staff with requisite qualifications and experience and, therefore, adopt a flexible
approach in staffing. The programme management has been designed on lessons from various Nature
based livelihood projects and CAMPA program of operations of various states.
C.5 Programme Management
15.At national level the Ministry of Forest, Environment and Climate Change, GoI will be the nodal
agency for this program. The program will be supervised and monitored by MoEFCC who will accord
approval to the entire project at a go, while providing strategic guidance and direction from time to
time to the implementing states and ensuring fund flow. The World Food Program (WFP), New Delhi
Office, will provide oversight and technical inputs while bringing global best practices to the project.
16.FFSN will be reviewed at the highest level by the Programme Steering Committee (PSC) at MoEFCC
once a year and the Programme Management Committee (PMC) at state level least twice a year. The
Annual Review Meetings at New Delhi will be attended by WFP, state representatives and DMU.
17.At the state level, the PCCF &HOFF, Forest &Environment will be the Lead Programme Agency
responsible for the functions relating to overall planning, funds flow, coordination and project
supervision. The program annual plan of activities will be implemented by DFO, Territorial Forest
Divisions of the respective states. The Divisional Forest Office will have overall responsibility for the
implementation and day-to-day management of the Programme with technical support from WFP. The
Forest Range Office will implement the activities in collaboration with VSS/JFMC, which will be
supported by one local agencies recruited to facilitate program implementation. The recruited local
partner agency will have necessary competence and previous work experience in the region.
18. The Organization management framework of program implementation is shown in Fig. below:
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C.6 Roles, Responsibility of Executing Agencies
19. The program would necessitate well defined responsibility for involved agencies to discharge their
roles efficiently and timely to attain project objective.
20. Programme Steering Committee (PSC) will be established under the chairmanship of the DG
(Forests), with representations from MoEFCC and WFP for effective governance and to provide overall
policy and strategic guidance to the programme. The PSC will review the progress of the activities and
ensure that its activities are coordinated with other development efforts in the state, especially with the
key line departments (Forest, Women and Child Development, Rural Development, Agriculture etc).
21. Project Management Committee (State Level): the existing arrangement of SFDA (State Forest
Development Agency0 will be the main co-ordinator at state level. SFDA will consider including Senior
Officials/Domain Expert of CAMPA/Special projects/ Externally aided project, Mineral bearing Area
Authority will be the members of the PMC to gain from cross-learning and facilitate convergence,
specifically to discuss the pilot project and its progress. The members will include representative of
Panchayati Raj, Rural Development, Women and Child Development and TRIFED, state marketing
agencies like ORMAS, and mission shakti. The PMC will meet half yearly and be responsible for all
management decisions for effective programme implementation, including approving the Annual
Work Plan and Budget.
22. Notification on establishment of DMUs (Divisional Management Unit) and FMUs (Field
Management Units) are to be issued for implementation of the proposed Project in the respective States.
The State Forest Department (preferably the CAMPA Cell) to take lead in establishing the Project
Management Unit by designating the Dy. Conservator of Forest as in charge of DMU. One ACF will be
deputed to DMU for supervising the Project.
23. The PMC will also issue guiding Circulars to define the Role of RCCF in monitoring & supervising
the project interventions, to designate one ACF from each DMU and one Dy. Range Officer of each
FMU to look after the project interventions. And also to get communication issued from State Govt. to
all other departments to augment required support in implementing various schemes / projects through
Inter-sectoral convergence for holistic community development.
24. At the District level, a Project Convergence Committee (PCC) will be set up under the
Chairmanship of the Collector with representation from ITDA, DRDA, Forestry Department, and
NGOs, for deliberation on APO and facilitate coordination with schemes of line departments.
25. Divisional Management Unit (District level): The existing DFO Office will be designated as
Divisional Management Unit (DMU). The DFO will oversee the implementation of project, whereas,
one ACF may be exclusively given responsibility to supervise the day to day implementation of project.
Services of one MIS person will be made available to assist the DMU in reporting, monitoring of the
program activities.
26. Field Management Unit (Range Level): The Range Office will be designated as Field Management
Unit (FMU) for implementation of project at VSS level. The Range Officer will oversee the overall
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implementation of project, whereas a Dy. Ranger / Senior Forester shall be made responsible for day to
day implementation of project at VSSs level. One Partner Team with two junior level professionals
namely 1. Food, Nutrition & livelihood, 2. Capacity Building & Documentation may be hired to
facilitate the implementation of project interventions for all VSSs covered in 2-3 Ranges.
WFP (Program Technical Support & Guidance)
The WFP has partnered with MoEFCC to design the project and has committed to share a portion of
project financing. They are firmly committed to provide services of Technical consultant for providing
regular guidance on various field practices, i.e., planting module, sylvicultural practices, VSS fund
management, reporting schedules and developing implementation guidelines and work packages with
costing, etc as and when required at the DMU level. The consultant will also coordinate with SFD,
MoEFCC and WFP. The resources of Delhi and State offices of WFP will also be spared for furtherance
of program goal.
27. Formulation of Implementation Framework: During the preparatory phase (within 12 months of
inception of project), PM shall prepare a detailed (broad) plan of action for five years, which will be the
indicative implementation framework for the Divisions during preparation of comprehensive VSS wise
Micro Plan.
a) Mapping of Forest resources and formulation of detailed implementation plan: During the
preparatory phase WFP will undertake mapping of forest resources and their nutritional
relevance, and a base line on the status of the target population vis-à-vis food and nutrition,
consumption patterns and current livelihoods (within 12 months of inception of Project). WFP
will support formulation of annual detailed implementation plans at various levels based on
the mapping and baseline findings.
b) Formulation of Training Need Assessment (TNA): Broad training Need Assessment is to be

prepared by the WFP, who have prior experience & expertise on the subject being dealt under
the project. This is to be completed within 12 months of the inception of Project.
c) Orientation to Field functionaries: WFP to take lead in guiding the DMU for orienting the
field functionaries hired / deputed for implementation of the project. Initial orientation
contributes significantly for common understanding on the project goal, objectives, expected
outcomes and possible action points.
d) Formulation of Guidelines: Formulation of important guidelines, operational manual etc.

brining-in the global expertise and best practices.
e) Formulation of Monitoring Framework: Develop Monitoring Framework, support Govt in

establishing MIS & GIS Systems for concurrent monitoring.
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f) Selection criteria for VSSs engagement: DMU to prepare the criteria for selection of VSSs to
be taken under project fold. DMUs to be oriented the criteria and to submit the list of potential
VSSs for selection and finalization.
g) Research & Design: Required R&D work are to be taken up by Project Management Unit.
h) Support to Scale-up: WFP will undertake the best practice documentation, assessment of the
project success through end evaluation and formulation of a scale-up plan
The Details of roles and responsibilities of DMU, FMU and other units is provided in Annex 3
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Fig. Implementation Matrix
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C.7 Planning process
32. Planning at the Village Level: The planning process will be initiated with the community at the
village with the support of partner and respective VSS under the guidance of FMU (Range). Following
the community mobilisation and institution building (VSS/JFMC/SHG) and their adequate capacity
building, and using participatory assessment methodology, a microplan detailing activities to be
implemented in side forests, community waste land adjoining forests, and farmers field the will be
made. Each microplan would be for five years period divided into annual plans of operation. The
Microplan will have plan for livelihoods, community forest resource management, community
infrastructures, IGAs, etc. as per the project component. The Microplan after review at the Range will
be sent to DMU for approval. The preparation of Microplan would be ideally concluded within six
months of Project inception. On the basis of the perspective plan, the village-level AWPB will be
prepared each year by October-November and sent to respective DMU for approval.
33. Planning at the FMU level: The planning process at FMU level will be to consolidate the AWPBs
from all the Villages under its jurisdiction and forwarding thereafter to DMU after due diligence and
review The Forester would be responsible for coordinating the AWPB preparation. This exercise should
ideally be completed by second half of December every year.
34. Planning at the DMU level: The DMU will consolidate the AWPBs from all the Project Villages
preferably by December of each year. DMU will add other project management cost including budget
for M&E and KM related activities and then will request PCCF, HOFF to release to make budgetary
provisions for the project based on the estimates. The AWPB would be approved by PMC of PCCF&
HOFF would be used for reviewing performance and progress of the project.
Operational Strategy
35. Program Co-ordination and Convergence: DMU will work closely with a number of State Government
departments and agencies such as Agriculture, Horticulture, Women and Child Development, Rural
Development etc. The programme will facilitate convergence activities of various departments at the
level of SHG, Village level workers, VSSs. In view of the importance of nutrition, the Department of
Women and Child Development will provide guidance and strategic alliance for implementing
nutrition related activities. Provisions can be made for the DMU to bring on board technical experts to
work in the field in particular such as microfinance and value addition to the forest food produce and
business.
36. Capacity building: Under the project, capacity will be built for community members in the following
ways: (i) day-to-day contact with programme staff, partner staff, and, technical service providers; (ii)
day-to-day contact and mentoring by Social Mobilisers; (iii) contact with other government service
providers (ICDS); (iv) viewing of videos produced for knowledge sharing; (v) participation in
knowledge sharing and review meetings at the village and district levels; and, (vi) utilization of mobile-
phone based information systems; etc. Additional capacity building will be provided for programme
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staff via: (i) contact with other staff, especially technical experts of DMU; (ii) contact with other
agencies, especially GoO line departments; (iii) contact with agencies in other states and countries -
37. Community empowerment component: The activities related to VSS mobilization, VSS formation, SHG
mobilization and capacity building of SHGs will be undertaken by the programme engaged agencies.
Staff capacity at the level of partnerss will be strengthened with the trainers’ training programmes.
Partner agencies will engage one forestry coordinator and one livelihood coordinator for the cluster of
five villages.
38. Promoting SHGs and Rural Finance: SDF and partner organizations will be responsible for sub
component implementation including group formation and strengthening, revival/mobilisation of
SHGs, training of SHG members, facilitating SHGs to implement social sector activities, facilitating
flow of fund from project to take up nurseries. Training institutions, Expert of Mission Shakti will be
engaged for providing the training of women group. Local CBOs will facilitate setting up of accounting
and loan monitoring systems for each SHG. The FMU will be responsible for all work related to SHGs
and rural finance.
39. Natural Resources Management: Planning and implementation of NRM activities will be carried out
by the Range/ VSS with technical support from the community based organization. All plans will be
prepared with full participation of the households benefiting from specific NRM activities. The local
partner will assist the VSS and Range in procuring inputs and materials to be procured from outside.
VSSs and SHGs are the main implementation partners to implement natural resource management,
nutrition, and income generating activities. VSSs will facilitate identification of the beneficiary
households and lead person to receive training and support. Funding for implementation will flow to
the Range/communities based on the approved AWPB. The forest staff with help of local partner and
VSS will prepare a microplan through RRA which will guide in preparing AWPO during the project
implementation period.
40. Livelihoods improvement sub-component: The local partner will select lead members for training in
agriculture, poultry and IG related activities. Once they are trained, field animators will facilitate
establishment of demonstration units with these key members. Homestead level interventions mostly
suffer from lack of provision of support services. For example, in respect of both livestock poultry, the
issues related to universal vaccination and better management practices have not received adequate
attention. The AWPB will make provision for these food and nutrition support activities. Thereafter,
the selected households will be trained in the demonstration units.
41. Value addition to Forest Food : Linkage will be established with VanDhan center of the region to
explore value addition and marketing of products. TDCC and TRIFED will be contacted for the
marketing support intervention. TDCC will also set up a system of procurement of MFP from these
SHGs by establishing a procurement unit within the haat bazaar. Partner will implement activities
related to vocational training with support from outsourced agency/Govt institutions
42. Forest and Community infrastructure: FMU will be the main implementing agency. FMUs will
implement water and soil conservation construction works both in forest and non forest lands. The
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value addition to forest food produce may require construction of storage house, drying yard, small oil
expellers, and equipment which will be procured and supplied to the SHG/VSS/ NTFP collector group.
43. Research Support: The programme will support an Action Research and Extension component to be
taken up by Regional Plant Resource Center, Bhubaneswar to develop vegetative and TC method of
QPM production and nursery protocol standardization in respect of selected tree species. The PMC
will sign a MoU with the institute for a five year period for this purpose. An indicative responsibility
matrix is attached at Annex 4
C.8 Oversight and support
44. WFP will field an annual Oversight Mission in which various experts and the representatives of
MoEFCC and SFD will also participate. Normally the duration of the Oversight Mission will be for
about 10-15 days. The mission will be led by WFP Staff and/or its consultants. At the end of the visit,
the mission will brief the GoI and SFD on the implementation progress. It is assumed that the initial
years of implementation requires more intensive support to set up systems and to establish the vision
and goal of the programme. As part of this, WFP will also field “implementation support missions” for
a shorter duration of about 2 days for each state to address specific issues. The programme may request
WFP to arrange for specific technical inputs during the implementation support missions. The M&E
components will be designed, supervised and guided by WFP. The agreed actions with timelines
agreed with the programme authorities and the Government will have to be complied within the time
frame that was agreed. The Principal Secretary/ACS in charge of SFD will review and provide
convergence with line department and policy directives, on request from PMC.
C.9 Risk identification and mitigation
45. The programme faces several risks which include the lack of resources with the target groups to
invest in farm land and horticulture development in particular for the purchase of inputs for timely use
despite receiving the programme support in initial years. Other key risks associated with the
programme are identified in the logframe. These relate to external factors such as economic growth,
market prices, climate change etc. and the responses of the target group households to opportunities
for development. These risks and risks mitigation measures are summarised in Table below;
46. One of the risks is that the delay in flow of land titles to the Range and VSS/JFMCs results in delayed
implementation of program and discontinuity of interests. The risk of delayed programe
implementation could also be due to lack of timely mapping of resources and development of
microplan etc. The risk will be reduced by engaging the services of the highly capable partner
organization, for facilitating the processes of survey and forest block identification for program
implementation. Another risk is that inadequate extension and handholding support to the VSSs/JFMC
will limit the sustainability of FFSN interventions. This will be reduced by (i) promotion of FFS and
training through demonstrations; (ii) support to producers’ collectives in aggregation and marketing
and also in facilitating the supply of critical inputs; and (iii) associating dedicated resource person
through WFP in imparting training to the trainers. Another risk is the possible use of top down
approaches by the SFD and this will need to be monitored closely by the PMC and by WFP supervision
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missions. There is also a risk that participatory JFMC-led interventions may not take off in a timely
manner and this risk is reduced by intensive training and capacity building to the participating
communities on continuing basis by the DMU and partner organizations at local levels.
C.10 Sustainability
47. The FFSN project will build on the need, urgency, and momentum of the GoI’s effort to create viable
and sustainable mechanisms for the expansion of Forest. Three key sustainability strategies would be
followed in implementation of programme, (i) empowering local actors for continuance and
strengthening of efforts, (ii) establishing economically viable models for the market action, and (iii)
mainstreaming within existing policies and schemes for wider and scaled uptake of ecological security.
The FFSN project aims to establish a framework for selecting the most viable approach for expansion
of green cover, ensuring economic, ecological and climate resilience. It will take a bespoke approach of
addressing the ground level gaps and challenges with the help of demonstration pilots and bridging
the policy and market gaps through the development of models and market-based solutions.
48. There are strong elements in the project approach that would enhance the likelihood of the
sustainability of the benefits for the target groups. The most significant investment of the programme
is in improving the access and availability of food plants both inside the forests and forest fringe
landscape. This is expected to trigger sustained improvements in food diversity. The quality of the
produce would be ensured through the provision of quality seeds and seedlings by the programme
and capacity building. Marketing could be a constraint in the initial years but would be overcome with
the operations of producers’ collectives and the provision of market infrastructure as there are
increasing demands for the produce from the programme area. There is shortage of quality planting
material and these would be overcome with the provision of FFS and strengthening them through
capacity building and demonstrations. The increased capacity of the target groups to undertake
agroforestry and other small enterprises through programme support would enhance the sustainability
of their livelihoods.
49. There are other measures built into programme design which are expected to contribute to
institutional sustainability at the grassroots level. The organisation and strengthening of VSS and SHGs
are expected to enable them to continue their provision of services to its members. As SHGs are
promoted as member-owned institutions; they will continue to receive institutional development
support from other line departments. The programme will provide seed capital and market support for
forest food processing and value addition which will hasten capital formation and grounding on
income generation activities. The community would receive support from on-going forestry schemes
and investment which will ensure financial sustainability of Fruit Tree farming.
50. The programme would contribute to environmental and natural resource management
sustainability in several ways. The planting of fruit trees in the current shifting cultivation/degraded
areas would help to protect soils and improve productivity. The fruit trees and spices crops would
provide the Tribals and other STs a regular and more reliable source of incomes and reduce the
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temptation of encroaching on forest lands. Besides, they would be provided technical training on good
agriculture practices, improved soil fertility and soil health management, eco-restoration techniques,
planning along contour lines to prevent erosion, organic farming etc.
The project success will be documented and integrated in forest management for scale-up across the
country to impact food and nutrition linkage with forest as part of policies and programmes.
D. Program Components and Plan of Activities (PoA)
1. FFSN Project will have 4 major components (i) Community Empowerment and improved access to
social protection (ii) Forest Management for Ecosystem Services (iii) Tree based Livelihood
Enhancement (iv) On- farm, off farm Livelihood support. A description of the program components
and activities sequencing plan is described below.
D.1 Project period and phasing
1. Preparatory Phase: 0-6 Months

a) Setting up of Project Management Units at State, Division, Ranges
b) Inventory / Mapping of forest food and other resources for their nutrition relevance
c) Community Planning
d) Training Plan & Modules
e) Establishment of Monitoring Framework. Preparing guidelines of operation etc
f) Demarcation of forest area, treatment areas, map generation of intervention sites
2. Implementation Phase: 6 months-3 years

a) Implementation of Project Interventions in forest blocks, project villages
b) Capacity Building of Primary Stakeholders & Others associates
c) Research & Development on Food Securities and Nutrition of forest fringe villages
d) Strengthening livelihood opportunities through inter-sectoral convergence with Govt.
Project & Schemes
e) Formulation of protocol and framework on Community driven Eco-system (Forest)
Management, Sustainable harvest.
f) Gender Mainstreaming & Inclusive Growth
g) Concurrent Monitoring: MIS & GIS Based Monitoring
h) Documentation & Knowledge Management
3.Consolidation Phase: 4th year:

a) Implementation of Project Interventions in forest blocks, project villages
b) Establishment of linkages of communities with Govt. Schemes & Project, CSR Port-folio of
Mines/Industries
c) Establishment of Participatory Management of Forests & Community Resources
d) Undertaking endline evaluation and best practice documentation, scale-up plan
4. Maintenance Phase: 5th Year
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D.2 Preparatory Works
Project Inception
2. A Project inception one-day workshop will be held at Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh after selection of
partner is completed, where representatives of participating SFD, Line Departments
(Agril/PanchyatiRaj/W&CD, Watershed Mission, ORMAS, TDCC/TRIFED) etc will participate for an
understanding of the project goal and identify area of convergence and cooperation
Constitution of PMC, DMU and FMU

3. As soon as the programe inception workshop is complete, required notification will be made by
SFD/PCCF& HOFF for staff deployment to DMU (Division), FMU (Range) to strengthen the offices to
carry additional responsibility and performing tasks envisaged under the program.
Deployment of Local Partner /field animator for community engagement

4. Each state will engage one agency for supporting community for implementing various activities.
They will work in close collaboration with FMU and work for ensuring institutional strengthening,
coordinating with line department and sustainability of VSS. The partner will be engaged for 3/5 years
period. The agency will provide a team of 3 personnel comprised of Team leader, Community
development coordinator, Forestry coordinator who will report to FMU head (Range Officer).
Orientation for DMU/FMU/Local partner

5.The orientation for the DMU, FMU staff shall be conducted in order to establish a shared
understanding of the project objectives and approaches of FFSNP. An overview of the implementation,
monitoring, and reporting modalities, financial arrangement, M&E design will be provided to the
stakeholders
Survey and Demarcation

6. Survey and demarcation of the forest boundaries of the area to be treated under the project will be
completed and ground marking by pillar posting is to be done. Drainage line to be treated are to be
identified and marked on toposheet in 1:50000 scale. The VSS wise area can also be delineated for
community protection, conservation and usufructs sharing. Land use, forest resources mapping can be
taken up by use of satellite imagery interpretation and preparation and mapping of treatment maps.
The areas under intervention both inside forest lands and village commons are georeferenced with GPS.
D.3 Component 1. Community Empowerment
1.1 Identification and strengthening of VSS and SHG
7.The project will be implemented through Community participation following the Joint Forest
Management Mode of Forest Department. The existing VSS shall be strengthen, capacitated for
implementing the project. Other community institutions such as Self Help Group, Common Interest
Group (CIG) etc., based on suitability and requirement will be involved in implementation of project
interventions.
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8.VSS identification, selection shall be carried out within each FMU based on the selection criteria
defined in sectionXXXX. The DMU will approve the list of VSS and SHG identified for project support.
A cluster of VSS around the selected forest blocks will be identified for the project support. The Projcct
will make an entry to VSS and proper briefing will be done to the members on the project activities.
Records and registers to be maintained by VSS will be discussed with office bearers.
9.Women SHG in the selected VSS will be identified for the women empowerment and nutrition
support related activities. Taking advantage of the wholistic micro plan/ annual plan, women SHG
will also work on the health, nutrition, and cater for the strategic and practical needs along with the
income generation activities. By converging with other department including Women and child
development and the Health Department, these activities can be implemented as per the
requirements of the villages. The identified Women SHG will also be associated Kitchen Garden
Planting, NTFP enterprise etc
1.2 Microplanning
10. Microplanning is to be an empowering process, which would help communities to evolve as a

responsible institution and understand the problems and challenges in sustainable management of
resources, intersectoral convergence, livelihood development options. The participatory development
of Microplan will build build a foundation of collaboration, community support and ownership in the
long run. This will be a simplified planning exercise which will provide guidance for community to act
and sustain the programme even after project withdrawal. The Microplan will focus on the beneficiary
to be supported, forest area protection and management, quantum and nature of works to be
implemented by VSS, resources to be generated within village, to be sourced from Project and line
department etc, implementation priorities etc.
1.3 Community Mobilization & Capacity Building
11. Adequate capacity Building programme, sensitization programme, community awareness

programme etc. will be incorporated in the project for effective implementation of project interventions
in a sustainable mode. Capacity Buildings will be planned appropriately for all stakeholders, who are
associated in implementation of project with a focus to primary stakeholders. The CB will include
a) Relating to implementation of Project Interventions

b) Sensitization on importance of nutrition and food security
c) Importance of supplementary nutrition for different age group and other vulnerable
individuals
d) Means to improve the supplementary nutrition
e) Sensitization on Right Perspective entitlement relating to Nutrition & Food security
1.4 Training Plan
12. For systematically undertaking capacity development of the key stakeholder and the project staff,
a comprehensive training the master plan will developed during the preparatory stage of the project.
Rapid Training Need Assessment exercise will be undertaken across all the key stakeholder
categories and based on the finding of TNA, a comprehensive Training Master Plan will follow a
well-defined capacity development strategy to achieve project objective.
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13.Actual Training Calendar will be developed by DMU and would be included as the plan of the
Operation for the annual training calendar made by DMU. The topics of the training identified in the
Training Master Plan would be developed during project implementation as per the emerging needs
identified through various feedback, assessment reports, stakeholders meeting. Broadly customized
training programme will be made for VSS and SHG, DMU, FMU Staff, Field Animators , NTFP
Processors
1.5 Forest Food Plants and Mapping of Nutrition relavance
14.Mapping of forest resources and their nutritional relevance and undertaking an assessment of
dependence of people living in forest fringe villages on forests will be the cornerstone of project
planning. Access and availability of wild edibles from forests, village commons, farm lands will also
lead to expansion of the same on a landscape level. It is important to make the community aware and
also to gather ITK on forest resources specifically about prevalence, availability of food plants in
particular along with other forest food tree, shrubs and herbs of the region.
a) Mapping of forest food- flora, fauna, medicinal plants in the selected forest blocks for
nutrition relevance through RRA, Transect walk, FGD etc., field survey
b) Identify all Plants used for consumption, collection and harvesting of forest food products,
and mark all trees on site. Field assessment of product availability, volume, seasonality,
consumption pattern and quantity of surplus produce etc.
c) Scoping study for marketing of surplus produces at remunerative price, Opportunity for
value addition, market linkage etc. for specified product
d) Assessment on availability of Forest food and Food Security, particularly in lean period.
e) Identify and measure wild edibles gathered from forest fringe, community land
1.6 Social Safety-net Scheme based Food & Nutrition Security
21. All safety-net schemes of Govt., which are linked to food security aspects of poor households at
rural pockets will be ensured to all eligible beneficiaries through optimal coordination with the
concerned departments. These include
a) Services of ICDS, MDM, TPDS, MGNREGS and other relevant schemes

b) Potential linkage with forestry and agriculture schemes
c) Linkage with health and sanitation related schemes
d) Old age pension / widow pension and other financial servics etc.
D.4 Component 2. Natural resource management for Ecosystem services
2.1 Common resource management and conservation plan for Forest Food
a) Promotion of Community driven Protection & Management of assigned forest to VSSs

under Joint Forest Management Mode of respective State Govt.
b) Establishment and promotion of sustainable harvest management protocol for Forest Food
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c) Recording and monitoring of conservation and improved management impact on tree

growth, regeneration, fruits, flowers, seeds production
2.2 Ecosystem Services Improvement
2.2.1 Improved production through Stock Enrichment

a) Block Plantation of Food Trees inside Forests, Community land with 2 yr old seedling
b) Gap planting of Food Trees in selected blocks, (Single species, Mixed planting),
c) Introduction of selected food plants for diversity
(Species to be planted: Mango, Litchi, Jamun, Chironji, Sitafala, Tamarind, Bael (Aegel marmelos),
Baer (Zizyphus mauritiana), Wood apple (Limonia acidissima), Elephant apple (Dillenia indica)
Kendu (Diospyros), Kusum, Mahua, Nara koli (Phyllantus acidus), Amla (Embelia officinalis), and
other species of nutritional relevance.
2.2.2 Water and Nutrient inflow to farm (Through convergence of State Campa Fund)
a) Drainage line treatment from Ridge to Valley approach,

b) SMC measures as Gully plugging, LB Check Dam, RCC check Dams, Stone bunding, Staggard
trenches, Percolation Pits,
c) Water harvesting structure on forest fringes; Gravity stream piping;
This can be implemented through regular forestry improvement plan of F&E Department under
funding from CAMPA through Convergence.
2.2.3 Sylvicultural Operation
15. Microplan for forest food, Food plants conservation measures; Identification of Mother Trees,
Sylvicultural operation of Forest blocks, i.e, Climber, Fire and weed control, Marking of Food plants,
Soil working, watering and cultural operation around marked forest food trees in all forest blocks. This
can be implemented through both Project funding and regular forestry improvement plan of F&E
Department through Convergence.
D.5 Component 3. Tree based Livelihood Enhancement
3.1 Promotion of Agroforestry:
16. Farm Forestry will be proposed in the un-used / partially used up-land of the farmers (Patta Land),
which has potential not only to produce food items every year also have some timber value in long run.
More over systematic inter-cropping on farm land would add to food security and nutritional aspects
for the forest fringe people.
Proposed PoA
Promotion of Farm Forestry Interventions of different Food & nutrition models
a) NTFP & Horti Model
b) Mixed Model (Agri-horti & Timber Model)
c) Bund-dyke Model
Inter-Cropping Mechanism:
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a) Suitable crops will be raised through inter-cropping mechanism in the farm Forestry
land during initial years.
The project will supply 2 year old seedlings free of cost to identified beneficiary and would incentivise
the adoption by way of reimbursement of fixed planting cost after 2 years on survival.
3.2 Establishing convergence with nurseries for Forestry & Agroforestry plantation
a) Facilitate in establishing nurseries at community level for production of quality planting

materials (Fruit, and other forest foods, Medicinal seedlings etc.) Species include Chironji,
Bahera, Amla, Kaitha, Jamun, Bael, Tamarind, Phylanthus, Sitafala etc).
b) Free distribution and Forest & Farm Forestry planting materials to the beneficiaries.
3.3 Promotion of Home Garden for Food & Nutrition
17. Back yard “Kitchen Garden” will be promoted to ensure availability of micro-nutrient in the food
basket of the forest fringe villages round the year. The beneficiaries, shall be linked with Govt. Schemes
for availing the required input materials for kitchen garden, in addition to providing them with fruit
seedlings (Mango, Litchi, Guava, Drumsticks, Jamun, Lemon, Amla) from Project Nurseries. Adequate
capacity building programme will be taken up for promotion of kitchen garden with least water supply
system.
a) Identification of beneficiaries, who are willing to take up kitchen garden initiatives under
project interventions.
b) Provision of inputs for kitchen garden
c) Sharing knowledge on optimal use of locally available inputs for organic way of farming.
d) Capacity Building programme for raising of kitchen garden
3.4 Collectivization and community engagement for up-scaling production, quality control
Proposed PoA
a) Solar drying of Leaf, fruits, seed, flower, Bagging, Quality control, Storage.
b) Funding and training for Forest food, Forest Food based micro-enterprise
• Assessment of market systems for forest food
a) Feasibility studies; Value chain analysis for selected products, product

improvement plan,
b) Linking SHG, VSS with ORMAS, TDCC, TRIFED
• Business incubation support
a) Supporting producer collectives, Infrastructure and technical support,

b) Seed financing of forest food Business start-ups (eg., Jamun syrup, Amla juice, Dried
Amla, Bahra, Hara powder, Leaf plates cup, Grass ropes, Certified forest seed units, Lac,
Tree seed oil units etc )
D.6 Component 4. Support On-Farm, Off-farm Food and Nutrition improvement
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4.1 Agri-based Food Security
18. Existing agri-based farming practices, if any, will be supported across the project villages with
improved inputs and technical know-how. Traditional know-how on farming practices, irrigation,
improvising soil fertility, seed selection, organic way of cultivation, which are time tested and beneficial
will be documented. Learnings of such traditional know-how will be shared in the project villages,
across the state for information and up scalation, subject to applicability. Convergence with Agriculture
department program will be made for operationalising the component.
a) Mapping of Agricultural Practices (Type, practices, facilities, Yield, consumption pattern,
marketing pattern etc.)
b) Improvisation of existing agricultural practices, if required. These include timely supply of
agricultural inputs, improved irrigation facility, assured insurance provision etc.
c) Documentation of Traditional know-how and best practices.
d) Provision of storage of agri-produces and linking with market for sale at remunerative
price.
4.2 Off farm based Food & Nutrition Security (Pisci-Culture, Api-culture, Poultry etc.):
19. Off farm based Food & Nutrition Initiatives such as Pisci-culture, Poultry, Api-culture, Mushroom
Cultivation etc. will be promoted at community level, subject its suitability and willingness of the
beneficiaries. Such initiative would be a means for alternate livelihood for the forest fringes households.
Moreover, this would add nutrition to the food plate of the villagers.
a) Mapping of potential beneficiaries and availability of resources for off farm based
interventions.
b) Linking with Govt. Schemes & Programmes with the beneficiaries for long term promotion
of off-farm based livelihood interventions.
c) Initial supply of required inputs to the beneficiaries assuring adequate beneficiary
contribution (preferably through SHG / CIG mode).
d) Insurance Provisions
e) Provision of Revolving Fund at Community level
f) Capacity Building Programme
4.3 Non-Farm based Food security: Promotion of sustainable livelihood:
20. Along the implementation of different interventions to address the Food and Nutritional security
of the forest fringe villagers, it is highly essential to plan & facilitate for long term livelihood options
for the villagers. Increase in household level economic condition contributes significantly in improving
quality of life. Such sustainable means of alternate livelihood would also ensure improvement in food
& nutrition of the target beneficiaries under the project interventions.
a) Organising Camps at community level on the benefit of employment linked skill

development programme.
b) Identification of local youths interested to be enrolled for employment linked skill
development programme.
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c) Coordinating with different employment schemes for enrolment of local youths (both boys
and girls) for training.
d) Ensuring employment linkages of trained youths and facilitate for self employment.
Micro-Enterprise Development & Business Planning
22. Using the result of market research prepared by WFP, the field agencies will assist the FMU in
preparing plan for different microenterprise development as indicated in Table…. This will include
review of results in local context, identification of possible IGA, assessing financial and technical
feasibility in the local context, preparation of business plan in consultation with producer
group/SHG/VSS. Identified persons from village will be provided training for running the machinery
conducting value addition etc through Field functionaries/animators with assistance from other
agencies, TDCC, TRIFED, KVIC, RMS.
23. Based on the IGA plan, the DMU will provide fund to SHG/Producer group to meet the cost of
product development, aggregation, purchase of equipment, establishment cost etc. PMU will also
establish linkage with financial institutions for upscaling and sustain the microenterprises in the long
run.
Cross cutting Issues:
a) Cross cutting issues such as access to food and nutrition security due to disparity on
gender are to be addressed through optimal sensitization programme.
b) Addressing “Inclusive Growth” through equity approach ensuring the poorest of
poor and vulnerable households are adequately covered under food and nutrition
programme.
D.7 Research and Documentation
24. Developing Tissue culture, Clonal propagation protocols for selected Forest Food Plants; Nursery
protocol standardisation, Standardisation of Planting design, spacing, fertilising models by outsourcing
to RPRC, Agril. University.
a) Field guide on Forest food plant propagation and management; Agroforestry models
(Tree-crop-Livestock)
b) Book on Forest Food Plants of India.
Table Forest Foods based Enterprise Promotion (Indicative)

SL Forest Food Key issues to be Interventions Partner
NO. addressed Agency
1. Covered • Lack of • Preparation of a procurement plan- TDCC,
under MNP adequate annual. TRIFED,
Tamarind, Primary • Negotiation for timely price fixation SFDC, RMS
Honey, Procuring (MSP) based on the prevailing market
Karanj, Agencies price.
Karaya, Lac, • Poor • Mass awareness campaign to create
Mahua awareness awareness among the primary
flower and among the collectors.
Mahua seed,
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Chironjee , primary • Strengthening the district level

myrobalans collectors structure and efforts for
• Poor implementation of MSP scheme.
procurement • Formation of PPAs at the village as
well as the cluster level (wherever
cluster organisations are there).
• Strengthening of PPAs- procurement
arrangements, arranging revolving
fund, quality control etc.
• Monitoring the procurement
procedures and payment to the
primary collectors and also to the
PPAs.
• Market research and promotion.
2. Kendu Leaf • Declining • Preparation of overall strategy and • SFDC
quality of work plan for improving the quality of
leaves kendu leaf and also to enhance the
• Declining production from the VSS areas through
production the project VSSs.
in VSS areas • Building capacity of the VSSs to
oversee
o Bush cutting
o Leaf collection
o Phadi management
o Other operations
• Sensitization of pluckers.
• Building the capacity of pluckers in
sorting, grading, drying,
binding/bundling etc.
3. Lac • Declining • Identification of suitable areas and • TDCC,
production VSSs. TRIFED
• Transit • Promotion lac farming through VSS-
restriction both in the forests and private land-
even from training and other inputs.
the private • Creation of facilities for storage of
land brood lac.
• Lack of • Smoothening the process of obtaining
availability transmit permit
of brood lac • Market promotion.
4. Bamboo • Declining • Analysis of factors causing • SFDC
production degradation of bamboo areas-bamboo and
• Poor production. Important factor may be SBDA
management production of Karadi- bamboo shoots-
of bamboo which is a prohibited activity. Need
areas silvicultural interventions to facilitate
bamboo shoots production from
selected area.
• Developing overall strategy for
scientific management of bamboo in
forest area, VSS area and private land.
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• Working with VSS for scientific

management of bamboo in VSS area as
well as grown on the private land.
• Enhancing the production of bamboo
and ensuring better returns to the VSSs
as well as private growers.
5. Siali Leaf • Lack of • Work with VSS for productivity • RMAS
organised enhancement operations within the
production VSS area to ensure increased
• Declining availability of good quality siali leaves.
quality of • Action research with the Forest
leaf and Department on the silvicultural
availability prescriptions for production
of raw enhancement.
materials • Mass awareness campaign on
sustainable harvesting of siali leaf.
• Setting up processing facilities and
capacity building of producers to
enhance production, quality control
etc.
• Market promotion.
6. Hill broom • Lack of • Mass awareness campaign on • RMS
access to sustainable harvesting of broom grass.
better • Promotion of cultivation of broom
markets grass both in VSS areas as well as on
• Poor quality the private land, wherever feasible.
of brooms • Training of primary collections on
sustainable harvesting.
• Capacitating VSSs to monitor the
sustainable harvesting of broom grass
from the forest areas.
• Setting up processing facilities and
training of producers to run the facility.
• Consistence market research and
accordingly improvements in design
and quality of products.
• Marketing and ensuring higher returns
to the producers.
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E. Financial Management, Procurement and Governance
E.1 Financing of the Programme
1. The Programme will be funded mainly through National CAMPA Fund. It is expected that the
Ministry of Agriculture and Ministry of Tribal Development would also provide a part of the project
cost for converging various activities supported by the respective ministry. Possibility of State
counterpart financing from State budgetary resources, funds from Special Central Assistance to Tribal
Sub-Plan, funds from the State Mineral Bearing Area Fund (eg., OMBADC in Odisha) etc will also be
explored as the program goes underway. The resources from State Govt. (including funding from the
GoI) will be clubbed together as counterpart funding at the programme level, though the programme
will track each of the components of the counterpart funding separately for reporting purpose.
Programme implementation
2. The programme will be implemented in 30 villages covering 3 districts of the selected States. The
Range will function as FMU (Programe Implementation Unit) under whose supervision programe
activities will be carried out in collaboration with VSS/JFMC and SHGs. The Division office will
function as DMU and DFO will be in charge of overall administration of budget guide and supervise
the activities to be carried out by Range, Field Animators, VSS. Activities to be undertaken by Village
Institutions will be made and governed by their respective Memorandum of Association made between
Range and Village bodies. The Financial reporting formats will be approved by state PMC.
Subsidiary Agreement
3. As the Government funds and WFP financing are transferred to the implementing agencies, through
PMC of SFD, the will enter into a Subsidiary Agreement with each of the DMUs. Among other things,
the provisions of the Subsidiary Agreement should include (i) The DMUs declare its commitment to
the goal and objective of the Programme and, in furtherance of such goal and objective, they shall
undertake to carry out the Programme in accordance with the Financing Agreement and with the
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Programme Agreement; (ii) preparation of annual plan and fund flow arrangements (iii) physical and
financial reporting requirements (iv) auditing and submission of Programme Financial Statements (v)
adherence to State Procurement Guidelines and approved Procurement Plan; (vi) using bank interest
earned for eligible expenditures
Staffing
4. The DMU and FMU will provided person with financial accounting experience from existing staff of
the department, or through outsourcing as per the approval of PMC. All positions will have clear job
descriptions outlining duties and responsibilities.
Budgeting
5. During the programme implementation, the DMU will consolidate the annual work plan and budget
including the annual action plan of the Micro Plans and submit the consolidated AWPB to the PMC for
approval. After PMC approval and PSC”s (MoEFCC) concurrence, SFD will incorporate the budget and
other funds from the State in its budget for legislative sanction. SFD will also submit the AWPB for the
funds from the GoI to the MoEFCC for accessing the funds at least 3 months before the start of the
programme year. The funds will be transferred to the on non-lapsable basis and the funds for
implementation of planned activities will be transferred to the Range as Grant-in-Aid. While
transferring the Grant, details of the share of each of the funds to be specified, for effective tracking of
utilisation. SFD will adopt sound fund management practices so that adequate funding is available to
the Ranges for each quarter.
E.2 Disbursement Arrangement and Flow of Funds
6. The PMC of SFD will be responsible for approving the AWPB for the programme submitted by
DMU by consolidating the AWPBs of all village clusters. Funds will flow from the MoEFCC to the State
Forest Development Agency (SFDA) as non-lapsable funds in one or two tranches for the entire project
period. The funds from SFD will be transferred to Range (s) as Grant-in-Aid through DMU (Division
Office).
7. For funds flow arrangements at the DMU will open a separate bank account in a bank for undertaking
programme activities. Each Range will open a separate bank account, in any bank mutually acceptable
to PMC, to receive the funds from PMC and to meet all eligible expenditures. The bank account will be
operated by RO as per the FDA guideline.
E.3 Internal controls
8. Procedures and record maintenance at the Range have to be significantly strengthened by addressing
the issues of non-availability of skilled finance staff, setting up of internal controls, setting up of
effective monitoring and review, introduction of accounting software, with guidance notes and above
all capacity building of the finance staff. The system of joint signatory for operating the bank accounts
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or appropriate authorization processes will be introduced. Detailed procedures for recording,

management and safeguard of programme fixed assets will be as per the record manual of SFD.
9. The financial accounting of the FFSNP will be done through computerised accounting software (like
Tally) at all levels, which will be customised to generate financial reports for the SFD and MoEFCC
specific reporting. Each FMU will submit the Monthly Progress Report to the DMU electronically. For
the communication and data transfer purposes, FMU will be strengthened and staff trained on the
reporting and recording in digital MIS system developed by WFP. Financial reporting standards used
for financial statements preparation will be accrual, the ones used by the GoI.
Internal Audit
10. The auditing of programe expenditure will follow the conventional SFD auditing route to effect
monitoring and review of the financial systems and procedures. It would be a good practice to brief the
appointed auditors on the programme components, methods of implementation, monitoring
arrangements, etc so that they could deliver the reports effectively. The Internal Auditor will report
directly to the DFO and state machinery.
External Audit
11. The external auditing arrangements for FFSN will be established in two tiers
(i) Independent External Auditor, (ii) Compliance and Performance Audit of the Office of Comptroller
& Auditor General (C&AG). As the DMU is a part of the SFD, Office of the C&AGl will undertake
Compliance and Performance Audit of the Department. However, due to heavy work load of C&AG
the timeline for submission of audit report to IFAD may not be ensured. In view of this, the financial
statements of the programme will be audited by an independent auditor (Chartered Accountant firms)
using ISA or Indian National Auditing Standards. The independent auditor will review and follow-up
on the recommendations/remedial measures prescribed by the previous Audit/C&AG audit. The audit
of the programme will be done as per the CAMPA Guidelines in force. The audit report along with the
Programme Financial Statements and other opinions of the Auditor should be submitted to MoEFCC
within 6 months of the end of the financial year.
E.4 Procurement Arrangements
12. Procurement of goods, works and services under FFSN financed from resources provided by
MoEFCC will be undertaken in accordance with SFDs Procurement Guidelines and rules of business.
National Competitive Bidding, Shopping and Direct Contracting etc will follow the procedures and
processes defined in the SFD financial manual. The DMU shall also follow Quality and Cost Based in
case of consultancies and services. All procurement for goods, works and services financed from
resources funded require bidding documents and the contracts to include a provision requiring
suppliers, contractors and consultants ensure compliance with MoEFCC zero tolerance to
anticorruption policy and to have them audited by Independent auditors.
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13. Procurement involving community participation. Communities would be empowered to undertake

procurement as a service provider or an implementing unit through Village Development Committees
or as a SHG under a legal framework or through a Social Agreement for procurement. The operational
and implementation arrangement would be defined in the Project Implementation Manual which shall
include implementation, administration, financial management and procurement related activities
supported by the clearly define the roles and responsibilities of the intermediaries who will assist the
VDC/SHG in performing the activities. GoO will issue an order permitting procurement involving
community participation.
E.5 Governance
14. FFSN would include a integrated framework for good governance appended to the project Report.
This framework is to ensure: (i) transparency, with information in the public domain; (ii) accountability
in the use of resources; and (iii) participation with the people having a voice in decisions that may affect
them. The involvement of affected communities in all stages of programme implementation can
simultaneously improve development of outcomes and reduce the scope for fraud and corruption. Key
features of this Governance Framework are a strong framework for mitigating corrupt and fraudulent
practices in the under the programme which include:
15. The DMU will maintain Branch Management functionalities along with comprehensive
functionalities such as Accounting, Finance, Inventory, Purchase, Payroll and Branch (Range)
Management. This will enable and improve operational transparency and efficiency and management
of the Project. Decentralised and participatory planning, monitoring and decision making processes
through Local Government and grassroots level participation in planning, monitoring and decision
making improves the governance process.
16. Transparency will be maintained by way of Regular Annual Outcome Surveys with programme
outputs both in terms of coverage and quality. Reporting of results to respective RCCF, PMC, PSC,
WFP, MoEFCC and with key information published on a programme website will ensure responsive
governance
E.5 Project Cost
PROJECT TOTAL COST (INR 45.55 Crore)

COST SHARING OF THE PROJECT
Agency Cost(in Lakh)
MOEFCC 4035
MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE 220
MINISTRY OF TRIBAL AFFAIRS 150
WFP, India 150
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Total 4555
Total cost of the project for the three states by various planned activities is provided
in the matrix below:
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OUTPUT/ BUDGET(in SOURCE OF

OUTCOME ACTIVITIES INR LAKHS) FUNDING
1 Forest Food Plants and Habitat Assesment
1.1 Identification of Sites, Villages 6 CAMPA
1.2 Food Plants Resource Mapping, & SE Baseline 30 CAMPA
1.3 Survey and Demarcation of Area 15 CAMPA
1.4 Business Plan for Food Plant products 30 CAMPA
2 Community Conservation of Forest Food Plants
2.1 Community mobilisation for sustainable harvesting 15 CAMPA
2.2 Community protection, tending 185 CAMPA
3 Engaging, Strengthening of VSS/JFMC
3.1 Preparation of Microplan 10 CAMPA
3.2 Plant product Collectivisation 40 CAMPA
3.3 Value addition to Forest food products 50 CAMPA
4 Forest Improvement
4.1 Establishment of Food Plant Blocks 1900 CAMPA
5 Improving Food Plant Productivity through Sylicultural Tending
5.1 Identification, marking of food trees, shrubs for treatment 35 CAMPA
5.2 Climber cutting 70 CAMPA
5.3 Fire line tracing 70 CAMPA
5.4 Soil working around food plant 14 CAMPA
5.5 Watering of Food plants 15 CAMPA
6 Improving Food Plant Productivity through Soil& Moisture
6.1 Gully Plugging, Drainage line treatment 320 CAMPA
6.2 Water Recharging 250 CAMPA
7 Fruit Tree Farming on Crop, Wasteland, Backyrad
7.1 Nursery and QPM 100 MoA
7.2 Agroforest of Crop-Food Plants 82 MoA
7.3 Homestead Food Forest 38 MoA
8 Microenterprise establishment of Forest Food and NTFP products
8.1 Equipment, Infrastructure, Processing, Marketing, Branding for 6 products 150 MOTA (TRIFED)
9 Research on Forest Food Plants Bioprospecting, Propagation
9.1 Vegetative &TC Propagation 150 CAMPA
9.2 Nutrient&Biochemical Analysis 100 CAMPA
9 Documentation of Best Practice
9.1 Documentation 70 CAMPA
9.2 Workshop, Disemination 50 CAMPA
10 M&I System CAMPA
MIS System Design, installation, M&E support, Monitoring, Impact

9.1 Asssment&End Line survey 150 CAMPA
9.2 Auditing 30 CAMPA
11 Capacity Building for Food and Nutrition Imrovement CAMPA
Support for improved nutrition consumption and food improvement 30 WFP
Support for Nonfarm-based food improvement 90 WFP
Support for Food Nutrition-Safety Net Program 30 WFP
12 Training of Stakeholders CAMPA
Orienetation to Field Functionary, NGO 10 CAMPA
Training Need Assesment 20 CAMPA
Training of VSS, SHG, 25 CAMPA
Training of staff 15 CAMPA
13 Project Management
DMU/FDA strengthening (Equipment,communication) 60 CAMPA

FMU strengthening (Equipment, Communication) 90 CAMPA
Support Staff cost 90 CAMPA
Field Animator cost (3 Teams) 120 CAMPA
TOTAL COST 4555
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F. M&E and Knowledge Management
1. Primary challenges for this project is to achieve the goals and the objectives with the constraints in
the terms of the scope, time and the budget. M&E is important management function to track project
progress and support the decision-making processes at all level. Sound of M&E systems can support
project management to attain the project goal while engaging the stakeholders in the project progress
and achievement, learning from mistakes, and to introduce corrective measures for improving the
overall strategy and operation. The key purpose of good M&E is to obtain accurate information that
will be used by decision makers in the project to improve and ensure proper use of resources as well as
to maximize the results and benefits achieved from these resources. A system is therefore need to be
established for the data collection from the lowest level of project implementation, for the analysis to
provide continuing inputs to the management and implementers. The M&E system of the FFSNP will
be expected to perform and achieve four essential objectives: (a) to monitor and manage project
progress; (b) asses project outcomes and impact; (c) capture and disseminate lessons learned and good
practices; and (d) build local capacities for M&E (e) facilitate cross-learning between the three states.
F.1 Focus and Assumption

2. The focus of the project will be M&E system will be on
a) To track project activities, progress and process
b) Identifying on what the project is working well and what is not, and thus help
management for decision making and apply corrective measures during the course of
implementation.
c) Evaluate the performance of activities and various institution
d) Estimate project impacts and result on the ground and document lessons learned that
could be used in future project implementation
The key Assumptions that are made while suggesting the M&E plan are
a) The present project design would be adopted with little or no changes
b) State Government and the forest department/ DMU would work in facilitation and
capacity building
c) DMU will be made fully responsible for involvement and plays the key role in planning
and implementing of activities
d) Target group/ stakeholders will be actively involved and key role in planning and
implementing and O&M of the project intervention
e) Institutional arrangements will be in place to provide mobilization, planning, capacity
building to support target groups
F.2 M&E Framework for FFSNP
3. The monitoring and evaluation framework is developed considering the project objectives and the
goals focused on improving the Forest ecosystem of selected Forest Divisions in Odisha, MP and
Jharkhand to the extent possible being addressed by improving availability and accessibility to forest
fruits, seeds, flowers and livelihood opportunities of forest dependent population. The framework
would help to measure implementation performance in three ways:
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a) Progress monitoring
b) Process Monitoring
c) Results monitoring
4. Evaluation will build on monitoring the data and would be utilized to assess following aspects which
will be done during Phase Out time; It will be done midway and end term. The end of project evaluation
will bring-out the success stories, good practices for replications and learnings and will feed-in to
develop a scale-up plan
5. Efficiency: To what extent has the project has involved the targeted community institutions and local
stakeholders in participation and ownership; To what extent the Forest improvement and livelihood
promotion has been efficiently managed
6. Effectiveness: To what extent has the project been effective in helping restoring food plant stocks in
the forests and forest fringe landscape, to what extent it has improved food diversity and to what extent
it has improved water availability to forest fringe farms, and to what extent did the project achieve its
mandate of strengthening community institutions and actions to improved livelihood through Forest
food value addition and marketing; what are the factors of achievement/ non achievements.
7. Relevance: To what extent is the project relevant response to the multidimensional aspects of
enriching forest with food plants stock, strengthening community action for improved forest
management, livelihood opportunities for weaker sections, women and tribal; what real difference it
has made to the beneficiary/ target group socio-economic scenario
8. Sustainability: To what extent did the benefits of the project is likely to continue after funding period;
to what extent the SFD/JFMC has owned and adopted the project, to what extent the convergence with
other schemes has achieved and indicate sustainability of all/some program; Reason of non
sustainability and factors
F.3 M&E Implementation arrangement
9. DMU will regularly monitor and keep record of the physical and financial inputs and output of
project activities. To facilities this, DMU will engage a full-time forest officer (ACF) having relevant
experience in MIS and GIS system. For data base management and recording, reporting etc, DMU
strengthen existing GIS/MIS cell of the Division and may engage contractual IT skilled person during
the project implementation. such data would be utilized for generating various project report’s
purpose. The DMU will coordinate with all units in monitoring the program on a day-to-day basis. In
the process it will coordinate with FMU, Local organizations, VSS to keep track of the activities to gather
data and analyse for reporting, evaluation purposes etc. As far as practicable local organizations and
JFMC/VSS would also be involved in monitoring the input-outcome dynamics of the program
implementation. Representatives of the involved institutions/agency will be suitably trained for the
purpose, data collection use of appropriate tools etc.
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10. The DMU will adopt standard accounting software for fund management and project accounting
and would utilize standard computerized SOEs at all operational levels viz, DMU, FMU,s. DMU may
modify existing web enabled MIS in use by the SFD and can customize and tailor it to meet the
requirements of FFSNP. The modified MIS will be utilized to consolidate and mange primary data
reported by field units.
11. Specialists of WFP will design, guide and assist DMUs to prepare M&E strategy, formats, and
system to be adopted in gathering of data, analysis and reporting design, schedule etc.
F.4 Reporting Requirement
12. DMU will prepare reports on prescribed reporting structure and timely furnish to PCCF&HOFF,
WFP to apprise the implementation process. DMU will also publish annual report at completion of each
fiscal year. The project will be available both in print form and as well in digital form and shared by
way of publications and project website to facilitate further information dissemination.
13. The reporting template will be developed by WFP in consultation with PMC/DMU during first year
of project operation. The report will include a) physical progress and financial expenditure by
components/sub components, photographs, table, graphs, to support claimed achievements, b) project
operation status, effect indicators, c) problems/constraint encountered during the reporting period
14. APO (Annual Plan of Operation) will be made for each fiscal year. DMU will get it approved from
PMC by March every year and would share with WFP, MoEFCC. For this DMU need to regularly follow
up with all stakeholders to get required information. Necessary training to project staff, NGO, VSS can
be imparted by DMU in this respects.
15. Monthly Progress Reports (MPR) will be prepared from the project MIS developed to generate
information at the Village/VDC/Palli Sabha and local levels for reporting to the DMU. Information in
the report will contain component/sub-component wise physical and financial progress against annual
targets. This report will form the basis for monthly progress reviews at DMU levels.
16. Quarterly Progress Reports (QPR). Besides reporting physical and financial progress this report will
contain information on challenges encountered in implementation and corrective actions and solutions
to address constraints as well as community’s response to project-initiated activities. For this purpose,
the indicators to be monitored, reported should be harmonized to the extent possible with project
logframe. The QPR will be shared by DMU with PMC, WFP, MoEFCC.
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Table Annual M&E Activities Calendar

Key activities AP MAY JUNE JULY AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MARCH
RI
L
M&E Activities at the DMU/MPA/partner agencies
Annual progress
performance
review &
partner agency
performance
review
AWPB
preparation and
submission
Annual progress
report
Half-yearly
progress report
Annual
outcome survey
report
submission
Quarterly
results report
preparation
(outputs/1st
level results)
Quarterly
review
meetings at
DMU & MPA
Focus groups
and key
informants
interviews
(Theme or
output based)
Data collection
for physical &
financial
progress by
MPA and
Partner
agencies
M&E Activities specifically at Village/VSS level
VSS/ level for
PME meetings
SHG meetings
and data
recording
Data recording
by producer
groups, VSS
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17. Annual Progress Reports will be prepared from information compiled by the DMU on
component/sub-component wise physical and financial progress. The information will be generated
via the project MIS and could contain summarised information and data from villages and Ranges, and
also findings from Evaluation and annual outcome surveys, showing progress towards development
objectives, usefulness of training, benefits from component/sub-component interventions, gender
issues and knowledge management. The reports could be dovetailed with case studies of successful
interventions.
18. Annual Outcome Survey (AOS) Report: The first AOS will be done in the second year of project
implementation after completing a full first year of project implementation. AOS in FFSNP will be for
a calendar year (January to December).
19. Mid-Term Review Report (MTR): WFP in cooperation with the Government would undertake a
mid-term review by the 2nd year of the project lifecycle to review project achievements and
implementation constraints including issues relating to fund administration and financial
management. Any corrective measure would be addressed at MTR. A mutually agreed action plan will
be prepared based on the MTR findings for phase out activities and to draw sustainability plan.
20. Project Completion Report (PCR): As the project reaches completion point, the DMU would prepare
a draft Project Completion Report based on WFPs Guidelines for Project Completion. A review
workshop will be held for presentation of completion report and project takeaways.
21. Case studies on project innovations and success stories: WFP will undertake case studies of project
innovations and success stories on selected themes for its wider dissemination through publications,
WFP Country Newsletters.
F.5 Information Flow
22. A transparent and effective communication flow between all operational units is a prerequisite for
program implementation and sharing of ideas and interests of stakeholders. Clear role and
responsibility to maintain the information flow is also essential for steering activities by program
managers. The FMU (Range), local partner and DMU are the major players in the FFSNP. The M&E
programe can be put under overall responsibility of ACF deployed to the division. Paper based
reporting can be adopted for information from VSS/JFMC. But agency onwards, it can be through
computerized MIS. Data compilation and reporting of VSS level data and information is to be facilitated
by partner organization. DMU would support FMU to ensure connectivity and requisite infrastructure
using project fund. The information from lowest operational level to the DMU will be utilized to
generate reports indicated in previous section.
F.6 M&E System for FFSNP
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23. Following the M&E framework, activities for tracking project progress and performance will be
systematic carried out during the project implementation. The methods are detailed in the Table below.
Monitoring
Concurrent Monitoring and periodic reviews
24. It involves field visits, periodic reviews, reporting, assessment of feedbacks etc. which mostly would
be an in house routine affair. Standard checklist, semi structured questionnaire and set of indicators
would be developed by DMU for concurrent monitoring. The planned activities would be monitored
against Annual Plan of operation. DMU would create system for undertaking of field visits by SFD
officials at regular intervals and feedback the project managents by way of “tour notes”. Concurrent
monitoring and periodical reviews will be effected by different agencies as FMU, DMU, Regional CCF,
PCCF, WFP etc.
Table: Frequency of Monitoring & Review Meetings
Frequency Stakeholder/Agency
Fortnightly Field animators, VSS/JFMC/SHG
Monthly Range (FMU)
Quarterly DMU
Six-monthly Regional CCF/PCCF &HOFF
Annually PMC/WFP/ MoEFCC
Intersectoral coordination meeting
25. Intersectoral coordination and convergence meetings will be conducted as per the necessity both at
the district and state level. These meetings would provide opportunity to share the programe activities
with line departments and scope for convergence with the existing resources, and delivery of sectoral
services in alignment with project objectives. At the district level Collector will be requested by DFO to
chair such meetings and at the state level, ACS Forest can take up coordination meeting for integration
of
Computerised MIS & GIS
26. Web-enabled MIS would be utilized for capturing the progress and achievements on day-to-day
basis. MIS will be planned till range-level from where the data would get integrated upwards. This
would be done in phased manner. Paper-based formats would be used to capture information at
VSS/EDC and SHG level. The output reports generated by the MIS would give status of project
performance.
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27. The existing MIS software will be modified by DMU within first year of the project initiation. In-
house capacities of the DMU built during implementation of project would be utilized to design or
modify MIS modules as per the MoEFCC requirements considering the project logical framework and
proposed M&E system. Later PMC would also guide on to strengthen the MIS reporting. Training
manual would also be developed by WFP for the MIS and capacity building and will be used to train
the project staff at all level of operation.
Computerised Accounting system
28. Computerised accounting system based standard accounting software would be utilized for
maintaining financial record till range level for real time reporting. The accounting software would be
customized and adopted for financial management, tracking disbursement as per annual plans and
compiling statements of expenditures (SOE) for submission to PMC, WFP, MoEFCC etc. DMU and
FMU would be supported with additional human resources, equipments etc. Suitable training will be
organized by DMU to acquaint them with the necessary process and use of the software, generation of
reports.
GIS Applications
29. All the project sites and treatment areas would be geocoded and would be translated on to digital
maps for planning and analysis. It would be also important to record GPS locations of all assets created
under the project (Infrastructure, Plantations, Soil -Water conservation, forest food processing center
etc) for close monitoring and work progress tracking. For impact assessment studies and quantification
of ecosystem services, technology based monitoring tool and techniques (eg., Imagery assessment )
shall be used during phase out period.
Annual Strategy planning and Review workshop
30. The annual strategy planning and review meeting would be organised at state level at the state
headquarter for consultation and discussion between DMU, PMC and WFP. This will be aligned with
the timing of WFP support mission visit to states. And at project level, annual review and consultation
workshop will be held at New Delhi where representatives of SFD, DMUs, MOEFCC, WFP, invited
experts will participate. All will be one day event. Learning, synthesis will be complied by WFP and
circulated to all for follow up.
F.7 Assessments of Results
Annual Outcome Assessment
31. AOA would focus on outcomes in context of the project outputs achieved by the project. Framework
of the AOA would be developed by following logical framework of the project.- will be part of the
oversight mission. The AOA would also review the Annual plan of operation, quarterly reports and
other reports produces during the financial year and financial performance and target achievement by
all stakeholders. WFP would prepare the AOA by outsourcing it to local Govt. Agency/ institutions. It
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will be effected from completion of 2nd year onwards as preparatory activities will be taken up mostly
in year 1.
Baseline & End line Survey
32. The overall base line would be created prior to initiation of project intervention, viz., a) Socio-
economic, b) physical situations of the project areas, c) mapping of resource use, d) level of food
insecurity etc. Base line data of each VSS shall be useful in making Microplan for individual village/
cluster of villages. Information will be gathered by the selected credible agency from representative
target groups and project areas on identified parameters and variables to be designed and supervised
by WFP. Baseline, and end term surveys would be helpful in measuring impact of the intervention in
quantitative and qualitative ways. Sampling design, methodology, project sites, targeted
individuals/groups for survey etc will be decided by WFP in consultation with DMU. Baseline will
capture scenarios in control villages/sites and data will be utilized as reference for making comparisons
during evaluation exercise. Use of GIS technologies could also be adopted as feasible for strengthening
physical assessment of forest sites, farmers plot, community land, etc.
Thematic Studies
33. To have a better understanding of community-forest dependence, flow of natural resources across
ecosystem, response of the nature-based solution etc, in-depth analysis of human-nature interactions
in a project context would be inevitable. It is likely to reveal factors responsible and reasons of non-
satisfactory outcomes through defined process as envisaged. It may so happen that some areas, or and
some factors could be innovative and performing exceptionally well, which need thorough study for
adoption, expansion, replication and dissemination of contributing elements. Measurement of
biodiversity, ecosystem services, sustainable harvesting and its effect on availability and food diversity
etc, are some the thematic area for examination.
F.8 Audits
Social Audit
34. To empower the VSS/JFMC member and community in decentralized planning and decision
making and to bring in transparency in the process, a six-monthly social audits would be in place. This
one-day event would give an opportunity to all members to know about the project activities and raise
voice, if concerns are identified, records, achievement, expenditure, wage payments etc are placed
before community. The local organizations, Panchayat members, field staff would be associated with
the event. DMU will develop guideline to conduct the exercise. Proceedings of the social audits will be
compiled by Forester with help of partner agencies for reporting to DMU.
Financial Audits
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35. Project would provide support to undertake annual statutory financial audits of the fund provided
to implementing agency during the financial year. Separate bank accounts will be opened by DMU,
FMU and would be annually audited by qualified CA firm.
F.9 Learning & Knowledge Management
36. The project will endeavor developing various knowledge products depending on the target
audience and information needs. The knowledge products could be in the forms of publications,
documented case stories, photo documentation, videos, charts, manuals, etc. The M&E unit in WFP will
take lead in knowledge products development and dissemination by involving all subject matter
specialists in the project including providing capacity training on knowledge management as
appropriate. For meaningful learning and knowledge sharing, knowledge products should be of
quality with clearly identified audience and purpose.
CATEGORY ACTIVITIES
Knowledge Management Project Operation and Accounting manual,
Guidelines, Manuals, Handbooks, Flip charts,
Posters, Brochure/Leaflet, Books, Activity
Calendar/Plans, Process Document and cross-
learning/sharingetc.
Internal Communication
37. It is to take adequate measures to support and efficient flow of information within, and keep the
stakeholders updated. Following activities would be planned under the sub-component.
CATEGORY ACTIVITIES
Internal Communication Procurement of equipment and publicity aids,
Project Office Orders, Proceedings, Review and
Tour Notes. Emails, Bulk SMS.
38. DMU is further strengthened with communication and publicity aids, and adequately supported
with equipment, gadgets to photo documentation and creation of video clips that could be utilized both
as knowledge material as well as for dissemination for best practices. Further, allocations are made for
utilizing services of bulk emails and SMSs for sharing information and messages with the stakeholders
at all level of operation.
External Communication
CATEGORY ACTIVITIES
External Communication Print media, Electronic media (Radio/TV)-
jingles, spots, talks, etc., Newsletter/Magazine,
Short films, Workshop/seminars, Publications-
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Papers/Articles, Success stories, Annual reports,

assessment reports etc., Project website.
39. It is to make sure that outputs, results, and best practices are shared outside as well as with the
stakeholders and disseminated to all in an effective manner. Following activities would be planned
under the sub-component.
40. Print media could be utilized for sharing events and messages including announcing of tenders and
recruitment notices, in addition, Electronic media (Radio and Television) should be utilized for spots,
jingles, talks and messages on various aspects of the project. Forest Department Newsletter will be
provided with relevant output and outcome by M&E Unit for publication. Short films/documentaries
could also be prepared during the course of implementation to feature successes key thematic processes
of the project.
41. DMU would be responsible for identification and showcasing successful business models, and also
encouraging women SHGs for product development and sales. At several stages during project
implementation, it would be necessary to have consultations on various generic issues and areas where
project may require views, collaborations and for sharing successes as well which can be achieved by
participation in workshop/seminar in India. Publications would be useful to document knowledge
material and progress/results of the project. Some of the period and regular publications would be
Annual Report, Annual plan of Operations, Quarterly Reports, Successful Cases and stories,
paper/articles etc.
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14. Van Noordwijk, M., Bizard, V., Wangpakapattanawong, P., Tata, H.L., Villamor, G.B. and
Leimona, B., 2014. Tree cover transitions and food security in Southeast Asia. Global Food
Security 3: 200-208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2014.10.005
15. Larson, A.M., Barry, D., Dahal, G.R. and Colfer, C.P. (eds.), 2010. Forests for People:
Community Rights and Forest Tenure Reform. London: Earthscan.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781849774765
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Annex 1: Detailed Time Plan
Activities 0 YR FIRST YEAR SECOND YEAR THIRD YEAR

6mnth 1ST QR 2ND QR 3RD QR 4TH QR 1ST QR 2ND QR 3RD QR 4TH QR 1ST QR 2ND QR 3RD QR 4TH QR
Strengthening of DMU & FMU
Constitution of PMC
Issues of important Circulars
Formulation of Implementation Framework
Formulation of Training Need Assessment (TNA)
Formulation of Guidelines
Formulation of Monitoring Framework
Orientation to Field functionaries
Engagement of NGO
Selection of VSSs
Research & Design
Finalization of VSS and Commencing field work
Concurrent Monitoring
Reporting to Govt
Orientation to field staff
Selection of VSSs
Re-constitution of Ex. Committee of selected VSS
Community Mobilization
Preparation of VSS level Micro Plan
Implementation of Project Interventions at
FMU/VSS level
1. Sustainable Forest Management
2. NTFP Based Food Security & Nutrition
3. Farm Forestry
4. Water & Nutrient Infow to farm
5. Agri based Food & Nutrition Security
6. Kitchen Garden based Food & Nutrition
Security
7. Off farm based Food & Nutrition Security
8. Non-farm based Food & Nutrition Security
9. Social Safety-net Scheme based Food &
Nutrition Security
Coordination with line Department
Review and Monitor the NGO Work
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0 YR(6mths)
1ST QR 2ND QR 3RD QR 4TH QR 1ST QR 2ND QR 3RD QR 4TH QR 1ST QR 2ND QR 3RD QR 4TH QR
Monitoring of Project Interventions
Documentation
Release of funds to VSSs
Capacity Building of all Stakeholders
Functioning of VSSs:
VSS Meeting
Executive Body Meeting
Record Maintenance
Preparation Micro Plan
Coordination with line Dept for Convergence
Implementation of Project through JFM Mode
Audit of Financial Transaction
Social Audit
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Annex 2: Project location Maps
Fig. Project Location Map
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MAP OF PORAHAT FOREST DIVISION, JHARKHAND
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Annex 3: Details of Roles and Responsibilities of Management Units at Divisional, Field and village level
28.Divisional Management Unit:

a) Orientation to field staff: Field staff particularly the VSS Member Secretaries, partnerTeam,
FMU Staff are to be oriented regularly on different themes.
b) Selection of VSSs: VSSs are to be graded following the approved criteria and list of VSSs with
details of score obtained in the line of criteria is to be shared with DMU for selection of
finalization.
c) Implementation of Project Interventions: Ensure implementation of project interventions

through the FMU and VSS.
d) Preparation of VSS level Micro Plan: DMU to guide FMUs to prepare the VSS level micro
plans in through community participation.
e) Coordination with line Department: DMU to take lead role in ensuring inter-sectoral
convergence at community level to address the comprehensive community development and
particularly addressing the Food Security and Nutrition aspects of project.
f) Engagement of Local Partner: The selection of partner Team shall be finalised at DMU level
and the DMUs are to be informed to sign agreement with the selected agencys for positioning
the Team at respective FMU level. WFP will guide the DMU in recruitment.
g) Release of funds to VSSs: Timely release of funds to the FMUs and VSSs as per the Annual
Plan for implementation of project.
h) Release of Fund: DMU to ensure formulation of Annual Plan and Budget every year and to
release corresponding budget to each FMU for implementation of project interventions.
i) Review and Monitor the Work: Functioning of team is to be monitored on bi-monthly basis at
Division level and to facilitate for planning of for subsequent months.
i) Audit of Project Expenses: DMU to ensure audit of project expenses at FMU & DMU level.
j) Monitoring of Project Interventions: DMU to monitor the project interventions on and report
back to PMU on monthly basis.
k) Documentation: Success and lessons learnt are to be documented both digitally and textually
for record and future reference.
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29. Field Management Unit:
Ensure Implementation of project interventions: FMU to ensure implementation of project

interventions at VSS level as per the approved plan.
Community Mobilization:
a) Community Members are to be sensitized on project goal, objectives and expected outcome.
Moreover, they are to be appraised on their roles and responsibilities in achieving the Project
Goal.
b) Executive Committee Members are to oriented on their roles and responsibility in grounding
the project at respective VSSs level. They are also to be oriented on different thematic issues
such as Micro Planning, Gender Mainstreaming, Inclusive Growth, Concurrent Monitoring,
Social Audit etc.
c) Preparation Micro Plan: The Executive Committee Members are to be oriented for preparation
of participatory Comprehensive Micro Plan and to get it approved at respective Gram Sabha
before execution. The Micro Plan should include plan for forest conservation and management,
food security & nutrition, community development, livelihood promotion etc.
d) Capacity Building: Required Capacity Building programmes such as orientation, training,

exposures etc. for the primary stakeholders are to be organized by the FMU with the approval
of DMU.
e) Coordination with line Department: To coordinate with the field functionaries of line
department to facilitate implementation of Govt. schemes and programme in the project
villages as per the need identified in the respective Micro plans. Monthly / bi-monthly meeting
may be convened at block level under the Chairmanship of BDO to facilitate implementation
of planned interventions. The Range Officer to be Members Convenor.
f) Monitoring of partner: The functioning of partner Team is to be regularly monitored at FMU

level on monthly basis. Moreover, the Team members shall be facilitated and guided to
formulate monthly activity plan, based on the VSS level micro plan to facilitate the
implementation of project interventions at field level. Proceedings of the meetings to be
recorded and shared with DMU for information.
g) Concurrent Monitoring of project interventions at VSSs level: The FMU Chief and his team
to monitor the field level interventions vis-a-vis the plan on regular basis. Proigress made are
to be uploaded in the MIS System. Moreover, bi-monthly progress report against the work plan
shall be submitted to DMU for information.
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30. Vana Surakshya Samiti (VSS)
At village level, the existing VSS/JFMC will be strengthened and trained to implement field level
activities in collaboration with FMU. In some cases, 2-3 small villages may have to form a joint VFC
in the event these villages have fewer or inadequate number of households to organise themselves
in to a JFMC/VSS. The JFMC/VSS will be associated in implementation of natural resource
management and livelihoods related activities. This CBO would be associated right from problem
identification, microplanning through implementation of various demonstrative models.
a) VSS Meeting: VSS level meetings to be convened not less then once in every six months to
apprise the VSS members on progress of work viv-a-vis the approved plan of action. Moreover
the feedback of VSS members are to be recorded for further course of action.
b) Executive Body Meeting: Monthly executive Body Meeting to be convened at VSS level to
facilitate implementation of project interventions.
c) Record Maintenance: All records such as resolution of EC Meetings, VSS Meetings, Cash book,
Bank Book etc. are to be maintained at VSS level.
d) Preparation Micro Plan: The Executive Committee Members is responsible for preparation of
Comprehensive Micro Plan through Community Participation and to get it approved in at
Gram Sabha before execution.
e) Implementation of Project through JFM Mode: Interventions at field level will be executed
following the Joint Forest Management Mode. Funds will be channelized to the VSSs for
execution of approved interventions identified during preparation of Micro Plan.
f) Audit of Financial Transaction: VSS to cooperate the FMU/ DMU to undertake audit of the
financial transaction taken up at VSS level on annual basis.
g) Social Audit: The villagers will be facilitated to conduct Social Audit, once in every year, such
initiative will ensure timely implementation of project interventions ensuring optimal quality
aspects. Moreover, convening of social audit enhance the credibility of the project and
empower the communities to own the project.
31. Field Animator
Three Field Animators for each Range will be engaged on contract for the project duration to assist
FMU in community mobilisation, awareness and establishing partnership with stakeholders. One of
the persons will function as the team leader to support FMU in field level implementation. The role and
responsibilities of the Field Animators will be spelled out in the PI guideline to be developed by WFP.
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Annex 4: Indicative Responsibility Matrix
Implementing Facilitating Supervising

Components Major Activities Agency Agency Agnecy
Program Approval and Funding MoEFCC WFP MoEFCC
Notification of PMC, PMU, PIU SFD PCCF&HOFF MoEFCC
Programe Deployment of Staff PCCF&HOFF DMU SFD
Management Engagement of NGO DMU FMU WFP
Identification of Sites, Villages FMU FMU DMU
Selection of Beneficary NGO FMU DMU
Survey Demarcation Mapping of site FMU NGO DMU
Preparatory NTFP Resource Mapping WFP DMU WFP
Operation Prpearation of operation guideline in local language DMU WFP WFP
Orienetation to Field Functionary, NGO FMU DMU WFP
Training Need Assesment WFP FMU DMU
Engagement of training agency DMU PCCF&HOFF WFP
Training of VSS, SHG, FMU WFP DMU
Training of staff DMU FMU DMU
Community Community mobilisation (VSS, SHG) NGO FMU DMU
Empowerment, Preparation of APO FMU DMU PMC
Capacity Building Approval of Plan Budget FMU DMU PMC
Preparation of Microplan NGO FMU DMU
Executive body NGO FMU DMU
Implementation under JFM mode NGO FMU DMU
VSS Functioning Record Keeping NGO FMU DMU
Inventory, Conservation FMU DMU WFP/PMC
Forest Management Sylvicultural operation FMU DMU WFP/PMC
& Ecosystem Demonstrative Food plant Blocks FMU DMU WFP/PMC
Improvement Farm Forestry FMU DMU WFP/PMC
Water & Nutrient Infow to farm FMU DMU WFP/PMC
Agri based Food & Nutrition Security FMU DMU WFP/PMC
Kitchen Garden based Food & Nutrition Security FMU DMU WFP/PMC
Food and Livelihood Non-farm based Food & Nutrition Security FMU DMU WFP/PMC
security FMU
Social Safety-net Scheme based Food & Nutrition Security DMU WFP/PMC
Market Study, Business model WFP DMU WFP
Seed money grant for value addition FMU DMU PMC
Training, Equipment, Infrastructure development FMU DMU WFP
NTFP enterprise Collectivisation, FPO formation NGO FMU DMU
Finalising M&E Framework, reporting structure WFP DMU WFP
Reporting FMU/DMU DMU PMC/DMU
Concurrent Monitoring FMU/DMU DMU WFP/PMC
Impact Assesmsent WFP DMU WFP
Evaluation DMU/WFP PMC WFP
Documentation DMU/WFP FMU/NGO WFP
Cordination with Line department FMU DMU PMC/DMU
M&E, Knowledge Dissemination, Workshop DMU/WFP PMC WFP
Management, Review and Monitor NGO FMU DMU DMU
Convergence Auditing DMU FMU PMC
Developing protocol for veg propagation RPRC DMU WFP
Research Support Nursery trial FMU PMC PMC/WFP
27 May 2021 WFP

Annexure C
Project Proposal
Enhancement of water yield and water quality through soil

moisture conservation measures
Submitted to
Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change
Submitted by
(Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education)
PO: New Forest, Dehradun - 248 006, Uttarakhand
in collaboration with
The Energy and Resource Institute (TERI)
Darbari Seth Block, IHC Complex, Lodhi Road
New Delhi – 110 003
For more information
Sh. A. Rawat,
Director General
Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education
P. O: New Forest, Dehradun - 248 006, Uttarakhand
Tel. 0135-2224333, 0135-2759382
E-mail [email protected]
Fax
Web www.icfre.gov.in
Content
Sl. No. Particulars Page No.

1. Background 1
Study conducted by Forest Research Institute on Forest 2
Hydrology
Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA): Tools and techniques for 4
prioritizing of watersheds with respect to interventions of soil
moisture conservation measure
2. Project context: definition of the Problem 5
3. Justification of the Work 5
4. Goal and Objectives 6
5. Activity 6
6. Effectiveness of the project 7
7. Methodology 7
Study Site 7
Topographical Survey 7
Prioritization of the watershed 7
Capacity Building Plan 7
Monitoring and evaluation of the project 8
Periodic monitoring and evaluation 8
Unmanned Arial Vehicle (Drone) Applications in Watershed 9
management
Flow chart of the approaches and methodology for execution of 10
the project
8. Timeline of the Activities 11
9. Anticipated results and outcome 11
10. Financial Proposal 12
11. Project Team of the ICFRE 13
12. Project Team of the TERI 13
13. List of watersheds for implementation of the project 14
1
Enhancement of water yield and water quality through soil

moisture conservation measures
1. Background
Ecosystems provide many of the basic services that make life possible for people on
Earth. Plants clean air and filter water, bacteria decompose wastes, bees pollinate flowers, and
tree roots hold soil in place to prevent erosion. All these processes work together to make
ecosystems clean, sustainable, functional, and resilient to change. Common International
Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES), classifies ecosystem services into three groups:
Provisioning, Regulating/Maintenance and Cultural services. A regulating service is the
benefit provided by ecosystem processes that moderate natural phenomena. Regulating
services include pollination, decomposition, water purification, erosion, flood, control, carbon
storage and climate regulation. These services are often invisible and therefore mostly taken
for granted. There are isolated studies on various ecosystem services provided by different
forest species including hydrological behaviour. In their study Pathak et al. (1985)1suggested
that water availability is different in the different villages of the watersheds and seem to be
associated with the type of forest species in the surroundings. Water and forests both cover
large portions of Earth and water resources are highly dependent on forests. Forests cover
about 30% of the land, yet this 30% forested land generates 60% of total stream discharge. In
other words, most of our drinking water supplies originate from forested areas. Forested
watersheds provide an estimated 75% of the world’s accessible freshwater resources for
agricultural, domestic, industrial and environmental uses, with 90 % of the world's cities
relying on forested watersheds for their water supply. Forests have long been seen as
important sources of clean drinking water (FAO, 20112; Chang, 20133).
Forests minimize erosion through stabilization of soil and hence reduce the impairment
of water quality due to sedimentation. Woodlands protect water bodies and watercourses by
trapping sediments and pollutants from other up-slope land use and activities. At the same time,
forests may influence the timing of water delivery by maintaining and improving soil
infiltration and the soil's water-storage capacity. Riparian vegetation has an important role in
1
Pathak, P.C., Pandey, A.N. and Singh, J.S. (1985) Apportionment of rainfall in Central Himalayan forests
(India). J. of Hydrology. 76: 319-332
2
FAO (2011) The state of the world’s land and water resources for food and agriculture (SOLAW) – Managing
system at risk. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome
3
Chang, M. (2013) Forest Hydrology: An introduction to water and forests (3rd Edition), CRC press, New York.
2
filtering sediment and pollutants. Bamboo is sometimes planted in tropical riparian areas to
conserve soil and water. However, in a study it was found that bamboo was less effective for
this purpose than native grass and they recommend a grass strip alongside bamboo stands to
enhance the trapping of sediments. Annually, forests reduce 61% delivery of sediment load in
dense forested watershed. Forest and forest plant roots prevent run-off from heavy rains and
with it soil erosion. Forests reduce about 34% of total runoff in dense forested watershed than
degraded micro-watershed.
World Health Organization reports that about 80 % of the world’s people live in places
where the only available water is unsafe. As the world’s population increases with time the
extent of utilization of all-natural resources also increase manifold. Our country with 2.3% of
the world’s land supports more than 16% of the world’s population with only 4% of world’s
freshwater resource. Water resource problems are problems of water quantity, quality, and
timing. Some regions may have too much water (flooding), while others may have too little
water (drought). Water may not occur at the right time and in the right place (timing), or water
may not be clean enough for drinking and other uses (water pollution) (FAO, 2011).
1.1 Study conducted by Forest Research Institute on Forest Hydrology

In recent past, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun has undertaken a study on forest
hydrology with aim to establish relationship amongst the hydro-geological, and vegetation
characteristics to assess the impact of forest on hydrological behaviour. Soil moisture is an
integral component of the hydrologic cycle that affects various processes, including
evapotranspiration, infiltration, and runoff. Thus, efforts were made through this study to
understand the influence of forest cover on soil moisture regime, rainfall-runoff relationship
and soil erosion rate, in two micro-watersheds i.e. Arnigad with Dense Oak Forest (83% forest
cover) and Bansigad with Degraded Oak Forest in the Mussoorie Forest Division. Annual
rainfall in Mussoorie is approximately 2100 mm of which 70%−85% is received during
monsoon season (June to September). The runoff response was not only influenced by rainfall
amount but also by other factors such as rainfall intensity, rainfall duration, soil properties, soil
moisture condition and vegetation. During Monsoon, dense forested micro-watershed reduced
34% more total runoff than the degraded micro-watershed. Annual mean runoff from forested
micro-watershed was less (13%) as compared to the degraded micro-watershed. Stream
discharge of the dense forested micro-watershed (Arnigad) declined slowly during post
monsoon and 55% of the average annual precipitation reached the stream as either base flow
3
(38%) or direct runoff (17%). Annual base flow, direct runoff and total flow was 19%, 45%
and 13% more in dense forested micro-watershed respectively, than the degraded micro
watershed. Annual Suspended Sediment Load was 61% less in dense forested micro-watershed
than the degraded one indicating the immense impact that forest has on controlling suspended
sediment load. The average annual total sediment load was approximately two times lesser in
dense forested micro-watershed than degraded micro-watershed emphasising role of forest in
erosion regulation. Soil moisture in dense forested watershed was found 3% higher than the
degraded forest during all the seasons.
Overall, the study showed that the forest cover may be considered as key factor for
variations in soil moisture regime, infiltration rate, runoff, sediment load and other hydrological
parameters of micro-watersheds. The study suggests that dense forested micro-watershed plays
significant role by regulating several hydrological parameters as compared to degraded micro-
watershed.
A project on Forest Hydrology is being executed with the overall objective to assess
the hydrological services of the Kempty watershed having area is 870 ha. Hydrological and
meteorological parameters are being monitored to assess impact of forest cover and other
changing land uses on a long-term basis as part of ecological monitoring. Stream discharge is
being recorded hourly by H-Flume (03) equipped with automatic water level recorder along
with sediment load. Meteorological parameters of the watershed are being recorded on daily
basis. Physico-chemical properties of water and soil samples are being recorded periodically.
Also, assessing the static and dynamic hydrologic characteristics for planning of catchment
area treatment. Total runoff generated from the Kempty watershed was measured for the year
2020. With an annual rainfall of 2577mm the total runoff was 770 mm (30%) which was either
direct runoff 538 mm (21%) or base flow 232 mm (9%) during the year 2020. The maximum
runoff (465.59 mm) was recorded during the monsoon season which was 60% of the total
runoff whereas minimum runoff (135.31mm) was recorded during the summer season which
was 18% of the total runoff. Base flow and direct runoff contribution in the stream discharge
were observed 31% and 69% respectively during monsoon. Maximum (43%) direct runoff was
measured during month of August and maximum 27% base flow was observed in the month of
September. The result revealed that there is a reduction of base flow (17%) and direct runoff
(54%) during summer season and increment (31%) was observed in base flow and direct flow
(69%) during monsoon season respectively. Physico-chemical properties of water were
observed by collecting the water samples at fortnightly intervals during April 2020 to March
4
2021. The pH was varied from 7.7 to 8.5, EC ranged from 390 to 435µS cm-1, TDS varied from
262 to 305 ppm, DO ranged from 8 to 11.5 turbidity ranged from 0.4 to 11.5 NTU, sodium
ranged from 1.5 to 0.8 ppm, potassium ranged from 0.5 to 2.7 ppm and calcium ranged from
9.8 to 38.5 ppm. All quality parameter showed ideal condition of water from the watershed as
per BIS and WHO standard. Overall, the good quality of water has been receiving from the
forested watersheds and it is one of the most important services
Apart from this, nine check dams were constructed by Uttarakhand Forest Department
during recent past at 3rd stream order at intervals of 200-400 m within the micro watershed.
The total length and slope of the stream is 2.3 km and 70 respectively. The maximum (538 mg/l)
suspended sediment concentration (SSC) was measured in 2017 and it was minimum (253
mg/l) during 2018. Abrupt decline in SSC was observed in 2018 and afterward it showed an
increasing trend despite of the SSC was observed within permissible limit
1.2 Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA): Tools and techniques for prioritizing of
watersheds with respect to interventions of soil moisture conservation
measure
In order to conserve any watershed, there is a need to identify and prioritize the regions
which are in need of conservation. Planning and identification of watersheds becomes
important when it comes to the protection and conservation of any region which are facing
degradation. Identification of regions which are more prone compared to other within a
watershed can be performed by a method known as Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA) which is a
type of multi criteria decision methods. Many researchers across the world have used this
method (Javed et al., 20094; Altaf et al., 20145) for prioritizing watersheds for their
susceptibility towards soil erosion. This multi-criteria analysis method can be used because of
its flexibility of input parameter and is performed by using Compound Value method for
prioritizing the sub watersheds within a watershed. This approach is based on the principles of
knowledge-driven modelling (Todorovski and Dzeroski, 20066) and converts the qualitative
understanding of a phenomenon based on scientific knowledge into a quantitative estimation.
4
Javed, A., Khanday, M. Y., and Ahmed, R. (2009). Prioritization of subwatersheds based on morphometric and land-use
analysis using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing, 37, 261–274.
5
Altaf, S., Meraj, G., and Romshoo, S.A. (2014). Morphometry and land cover based multi-criteria analysis for
assessing the soil erosion susceptibility of the western Himalayan watershed. Environment Monitoring
Assessment.
6
Todorovski, L., and Dzeroski, S. (2006). Integrating knowledge driven and data-driven approaches to modeling.
Ecological Modelling, 194(1), 3–13.
5
However, some inherent drawbacks come with this method such as it assigns a lumped value
for a parameter of an entity as well as it can only be used in a comparative study (Pandey et
al., 20187). Further, it also imparts same weight to all the parameters involved, which in some
cases can exaggerate the final output. However, this method relies on detailed estimation and
parameterization of the processes involved and that is why it becomes one of the best
approaches to compare process in watershed. For analysing susceptibility of a watershed,
parameters like morphometry, hypsometry, land use and land cover can be used as criteria with
different number of variables in each criterion. In order to make it more accurate, parameter
like soil quality can also be added depending upon the data availability.
2. Project context: definition of the Problem

The scientific management of watershed started early in the past century under the soil
and moisture conversion to increase the water yield and water quality over a period of years.
The watershed approach enables planners to harmonize the use of soil, water and vegetation in
a way that conserves these resources and maximize their productivity. Adoption of proper soil
moisture conservation measures and maintaining optimum canopy cover using right choice of
species on the basis of hydrological characteristics of a particular watershed may enhance the
water yield and its quality (with respect to BIS prescription for drinkable water) significantly.
3. Justification of the Work

Humans and other living beings depend on water for life and health. Yet the World
Health Organization reports that about 80 % of the world’s people live in places where the only
available water is unsafe. Water-related problems such as overuse, scarcity, pollution, floods
and drought are an increasingly important challenge to sustainable development.
The maximum discharge of the stream is generated during rainy season due to
maximum rainfall and there is low availability of water in stream /river of the watershed or
becomes dry during summer session. However, the soil moisture conservation works helps to
retain the rain water during rainy seasons and it will support diversity and growth of plants by
maintaining and improving soil infiltration and the soil's water-storage capacity. Soil moisture
conservation measures such as vegetative measures (i.e., vegetative cover, plant cover and
7
Pandey, S., Kumar, P., and Panwar, V.P. (2018)."Remote sensing for assessing soil erosion susceptibility of the
lesser Himalayan watershed by Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA) of morphometry, hypsometry and land cover,"
Proc. SPIE 10783, Remote Sensing for Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Hydrology XX, 1078327 (10 October
2018); doi: 10.1117/12.2325313
6
Gully plugging etc.) and engineering measures (check dams, percolation tank and contour
trenching etc) enhance the water yield and water quality. Moreover, the availability of water
will increase over a period of time and also quality will be improved by trapping silt during dry
seasons.
4.Goal and Objectives

Enhance the hydrological services (i.e water yield and water quality) of degraded
watershed in Uttarakhand, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Telangana and Meghalaya
through a set of objectives as given below.
1. To quantify the morphometric characteristics and prioritization of watershed
2. To restore the degraded watershed by intervening soil and water conservation
measures
3. To enhance water yield and water quality (surface and ground water)
4. To minimize the sediment concentration and sediment load in streams/runoff /river
water
5. Activities:
1. Selection of watershed
o Watersheds has been selected/suggested by the State Forest Departments of
respective States for implementation of the project work (List attached).
2. Detailed topographical survey of the watershed
o To prepare a watershed management plan a detailed survey by using DGPS and
drone will be conducted for high resolution topographical data with maximum
accuracy.
o The data from the survey will be used for morphometric analysis which helps
to understand the hydrological behavior of the watershed.
3. Prioritization of the watershed for implementation of protection and conservation
measures through multi criteria analysis.
4. Preparation of detail plan of interventions
5. Social acceptance & approval of plan by society
6. Implementation of the soil and water conservation measures
7. Capacity Building
8. Dissemination of watershed management information through web-portal
9. Monitoring and Evaluation
7
o Recording of hydro-meteorological parameters using Automatic Weather

Stations.
o Measure soil moisture fluxes using soil moisture observatories.
o Assessment of overland flow and sediment yield.
o Assessment of water yield and water quality (surface and ground water) from
each of the watersheds.
6. Effectiveness of the project
The effectiveness of the project will be achieved through monitoring and periodic
appraisal of the data generated from the watersheds.
• One of the identified approaches is Hydrological and sediment monitoring in the

selected watersheds.
• This will help for understanding the effectiveness of the treatment given to the
watershed and give idea for further follow up action including the maintenance.
7. METHODOLOGY
Study Site
Study will be conducted in six states (Uttarakhand, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand,
Telangana and Meghalaya) covering three watersheds from each state. Assessment of the water
yield and water quality requires the estimation of hydro-meteorological variables and a
comprehensive quantification of other hydrological processes occurring in the catchment.
Topographical Survey
High resolution (1:100) data will be required for planning with high accuracy and it will
be possible by survey using drone and DGPS.
Prioritization of the watershed
The watershed will be divided into sub watershed on the basis of stream order for
prioritization of the sub-watershed. Different kind of tools and techniques (i.e. MCA,
Hierarchical model, ANN, PCA and other suitable/appropriate tools and techniques) will be
used for prioritization of the sub-watershed and further implementation of protection and
conservation measures will be executed.
Capacity Building Plan
This section will provide the list of identified training groups such as the forest
department and local stakeholders including JFMCs of whom the capacity must be developed
for conducting the project activities in a successful manner.
8
During the course of the project, several capacity building programs are planned to be
carried. Multiple activities associated with the watershed improvement such as maintenance of
vegetative barriers and cover, terracing, counters trenching etc will be the basis for the
delivering the training. Capacity building of stakeholders (including local institutions, State
Forest Department) shall assist in conducting implementation of the project activities,
monitoring and measuring indicators would ensure that even in future appropriate
measurements keep taking place. Further, in terms of commercializing the water from the
forests, capacity building of identified members of the local institutions would ensure that
proper upkeep of products and services is maintained.
Monitoring and evaluation of the project:

• The hydro-meteorological parameters will be observed using Automatic Weather
Stations (AWS) capable of monitoring ambient temperature (Ta), relative humidity
(RH), wind speed and direction, solar radiation flux, atmospheric pressure (patm) and
precipitation data, which will be installed at appropriate place in each watershed.
• The water yield from each of the watersheds will be monitored at its primary outlets
using flumes or by installing stilling wells to develop the rating curves. High resolution
pressure transducers will be employed complemented with staff gages to cross check
pressure transducer data.
• The water quality from each of the watersheds will be monitored at its primary outlets
using automatic sensors installed in the stream.
• Physico-chemical analysis of soil and water: The data on physico-chemical properties
of soil and water would be collected at regular intervals to see the response of soil and
plants as well as water quality and plants to different kinds of soil improvement and
plantation techniques.
Periodic monitoring and evaluation
A database for all these trials will be maintained in order to monitor success in terms
of growth and survival of plant species. Based on the performance of different combinations
of species including ground, mid and top flora, the protocols will be standardized. The
indicators for monitoring would include:
Tree species
• No. of individuals of various planted species
• Survival percentage for each species
• Height in meter for each individual
• Girth in centimeter of trees
9
• No. of individual plants replaced of various species

• No. of branches, no. of leaves and crown diameter of each species
Grass and shrub species
• No. of species of grass/ shrub sown
• No. of surviving species
• Density of grass/ shrub species
• Relative percentage vegetation cover
Unmanned Arial Vehicle (Drone) Applications in Watershed management

1. Digital Elevation Model prepared using UAV
a) Contour Generation
b) Basin Boundary
c) Flow Direction and Accumulation
d) Drainage Networks and Drainage Basins
e) Slope
f) Aspect
g) Curvature of Slope
h) Maximum Submergence Area
i) Water Flow Length
j) Requirement of any dam structure using Contour, later designing can also be done
using the same contours.
k) Drone data provides master plan for flood control.
l) Drone surveying and mapping help for accurate water table prediction, runoff
estimation, and disaster mitigation.
m) Hydrological channel routing for better prediction of downstream supply.
2. High Resolution Aerial Imagery prepared by UAV

a) Land Use Land Cover generation
b) Forest Cover
c) Calculation of Vegetative Cover
d) Real time watershed conditions
e) Natural Disaster investigation like landslides, soil erosion, etc
f) Identification of water resources issues like pollution, erosion, invasive species,
failure of water resources infrastructure etc.
g) Degradation of River valley surroundings
i. Delineation of Fire burnt area
ii. Pointing out Illegal deforestation
iii. Grass land mismanagement/ High Grazing
iv. Mining and Quarrying
v. Improper construction activities
vi. Improper farming and water usage practices (like flood irrigation), etc
In addition, we get a real time orthomosaic of the area for reference and overall
management of Watershed to further plan all the activities accurately.
10
Flow chart of the approaches and methodology for execution of the project
11
Timeline of the Activities

Year wise time frame
Proposed activities 1st 2nd 3rd 4th
Year Year Year Year
Detailed topographical survey (by using DGPS and Drone to
generate the maps i.e. Contour Map, Slope Map, Aspect
Map, Elevation map, Soil map, LULC map, Flow direction
&flow accumulation map of 1:100 scale)
Morphometric analysis (By using maps generated and
photometric data with help of Arc GIS and RS)
Geological Study (Lineament/fault and fractures)
Prioritization of the watershed
(By using different kind of tools and techniques (i.e. MCA,
Hierarchical model, ANN, PCA and other
suitable/appropriate tools and techniques for
implementation of protection and conservation measures)
Preparation of detailed management plan and designing
implementation activities specific to each catchment
Social Acceptance & Approval of Plan by Society
Implementation of the project activities in the catchment
areas
Capacity Building
Maintenance, monitoring and evaluation and data
collection
Monitoring & evaluation, data analysis and report
preparation
Demonstration of the commercialization/business plan for
the clean and mineral rich bottled water
Dissemination of watershed management information
through web-portal
8. Anticipated results and outcome

The project will facilitate the enhancement of water yield and water quality of the
watershed. Information collected from this study will be helpful to understand and analyze the
relative contribution of these land uses towards important ecosystem services. This will aid
decision making and devising state wide mitigation strategies towards soil, water and
vegetation conservation for tangible and intangible benefits in the watershed. The project work
is also expected to produce quality research publications and extension materials.
9. Collaboration/Association: TERI, New Delhi.
10. Duration : 4 year
12
Financial Proposal
A. Details of Proposed Project Cost

ICFRE TERI
S. No Particulars
(INR) (INR)
1. Professional Cost (for four years) 2,00,00,000 1,00,00,000
Direct Expenses for Boarding and Lodging (for four
2. 40,00,000 20,00,000
years)
Detailed topographical survey (by using DGPS and
Drone to generate the geospatial data and maps i.e.,
3. Contour Map, Slope Map, Aspect Map, Elevation 90,00,000 -
map, Soil map, LULC map, Flow direction &flow
accumulation map of 1:100 scale
Instrumentation for the monitoring and evaluation of
the watershed (for 18 sites)
• Automatic weather station
4. 3,70,00,000 -
• Gauging stations (outlets and springs)
• Soil moisture observatory
• water quality parameter sensors
Work station computer (02) Printer and other IT
5. 8, 00,000
equipment and accessories
Research Associate (02) (one of GIS&RS with Soil
6. 20,00,000
and water conservation)
Capacity Building of Local JFMC members and
7. Front-Line Staff including preparation of training - 25,00,000
modules, reading material etc
Monitoring of executed work, pre and post water
8. testing, survey of ground, mid and top flora and - 25,00,000
development of business plan
9. Development of Web-portal 2, 00,000 -
Total 7,30,00,000 1,70,00,000
Grand Total 9,00,00,000
#The fund for all associated institute will be made by internal arrangements
B. Execution Cost
Sl. No. State Area (ha) Total Cost

(@ INR 1 lakh/ha)
1. Jharkhand 1500 15,00,00,000
2. Madhya Pradesh 1500 15,00,00,000
3. Meghalaya 820 8,20,00,000
4. Rajasthan 1500 15,00,00,000
5. Telangana 1260 12,60,00,000
6. Uttarakhand 1500 15,00,00,000
Total 8080 80,80,00,000
13
Project Team of the ICFRE
Name & Designation Activity and Responsibility
Sh. N Bala, Scientist – G, FRI, Dehradun Overall coordination of the project

Dr. Parmanand, Scientist – C, FRI, Interpretations of survey data and analysis, GIS
Dehradun and RS related works, Map generation,
Dr. Nibedita Guru, Scientist-B, FRI, prioritization of watershed and other inputs
Dehradun related to SMC works
Dr. Manoj Kumar, Scientist-C, FRI, GIS and RS related works, liaison with states
Dehradun and execution of the project.
Dr. G. Singh, Scientist-G, AFRI, Jodhpur Overall activity as nodal officer of Rajasthan
state and Advisor on execution of the project.
Mr. Dheeraj Gupta, Scientist-C, TFRI, Overall activity as nodal officer of Madhya
Jabalpur Pradesh state and GIS and RS related works
and other inputs related to Hydrology
Dr. Krishna Giri, Scientist-D, RFRI, Jorhat Overall activity as nodal officer of Meghalaya
state
Dr. S Pattanaik, Scientist-F, IFB, Hyderabad Overall activity as nodal officer of Telangana
state
Dr. Sanjeev Kumar, Scientist-E, IFP, Overall activity as nodal officer of Jharkhand
Ranchi state
Project Team of the TERI

S. No. Name Position in TERI Role
1 Dr J. V. Sharma, IFS Rtd Director, Land Resources Sustainable Forest
Division Management Expert
2 Dr Yogesh Gokhale Area Convener and Senior Ecologist
Fellow
3 Dr Syed Arif Wali Area Convener and Senior Nursery and plant
Fellow breeding expert
4 Mr Siddharh Edeke Area Convener and Fellow Biodiversity Experts
5 Dr Aparna Tyagi Associate Fellow Social Science Expert
6 Ms Priya Sharma Research Associate Data Annalist
7 Mr. B.S. Negi Consultant Field Surveyors
8 Mr Kapil Kumar Field Coordinator Field Surveyors
14
List of watersheds for implementation of the project
State Watershed Location Area (ha)
Sondiha Chatra District 500
Jharkhand Darikuria Pakur District 500
Jatakhunti Dhanbad District 500
South Sagar South Sagar Forest Division 500

Madhya
Damoh Damoh Forest Division 500
Pradesh
North Panna North Panna Forest Division 500
Umiam Ri- Bhoi District 220
Meghalaya Umphung Jaintia Hills District 500
Patharlyndan West Khasi Hills District 100
Sambharlake Nagaur 500
Rajasthan Bhavatra Jod Jalore 500
Khava Dausa 500
Naryanapet Naryanapet Forest Division 500
Telangana Nalgonda Nalgonda Forest Division 395
Amanagal Amanagal Forest Division 365
Bandal Dehradun 500
Uttarakhand Gagas Almora 500
Ghargaon Tehri 500
Total Area (ha) 8080

Agenda Notes 13th EC Meeting With Annexures

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Agenda Notes for the 13th meeting of

Agenda Item No. 1: Confirmation of Minutes of 12th meeting of the

Agenda Item No. 1: Confirmation of Minutes of 12th meeting of Executive

Minutes of the 12th Meeting of Executive Committee of National Authority

Agenda Item No. 2: Action Taken on 11thmeetingof the Executive

Para Subject Action taken Report

All activities as per Part-II of the APO prepared in

Activities as per Rule 5 of CAF Rules, 2018-

a. All activities related to assisted natural

c. Forest fire prevention and control

Para Subject Action taken Report

Activities as per Rule 6 of CAF Rules, 2018-

Para Subject Action taken Report

The currency of APO 2020-21 was expired on 31.03.2021; it is proposed to

4. Silvicultural operations in forests [Sub-rule 5(2)(c)]

9. Third party monitoring [Sub-rule 5(3)(h)]

11. Activities as per Rule 6(b)(i) and 6(b)(iii)

12. Casual engagement of local people 5(3)(f)

The activity wise details of the APOs are furnished below:

Agenda Item No.3

CAF Rules Activity Unit Physical Financial Remarks

Agenda Item No.4

CAF Rules Activity Physical Proposed Remarks

CAF Rules Activity Physical Proposed Remarks

5(2)(j) Advance work for block

CAF Rules Activity Physical Proposed Remarks

CAF Rules Activity Physical Proposed Remarks

Agenda Item No.5

File No. NA-15/12/2020-NA

The principal Chief Conservator of Forests, Government of Kerala vide

2. As per the APO provided by the Kerala State Authority following

CAF Rules Works Name Physical Financial Remarks

CAF Rules Works Name Physical Financial Remarks

CAF Rules Works Name Physical Financial Remarks

CAF Rules Works Name Physical Financial Remarks

CAF Rules Works Name Physical Financial Remarks

Agenda Item No.6

APO for the year 2021-22 of Maharashtra State Authority

CAF Rules Activity Physical Tar Financial Remarks

CAF Rules Activity Physical Tar Financial Remarks

i. Cutting and burning of fir 3.66

CAF Rules Activity Physical Tar Financial Remarks

CAF Rules Activity Physical Tar Financial Remarks

ii. Base studies for forestry - 7.63

CAF Rules Activity Physical Tar Financial Remarks

CAF Rules Activity Physical Tar Financial Remarks

CAF Rules Activity Physical Tar Financial Remarks

Agenda Item No.7

APO for the year 2021-22 of Manipur State Authority

The Principal Chief Conservator of Forests and Head of Forest Force,

2. As per the APO provided by the Manipur State Authority following

CAF Rules Works Name Physical Financial Remarks

ii. Maintenance-III 223.86 0.13

iii. Maintenance-IV 3227.94 1.89

iv. Maintenance-V 212.50 0.12

Total CA - 4331.24 2.94

CAF Rules Works Name Physical Financial Remarks

ii. Maintenance-IV ANR 600.00 0.14

Total Penal Net Present Value- 1000.00 0.30

CAF Rules Works Name Physical Financial Remarks