SPERRE Compressor HL290A
SPERRE Compressor HL290A
SPERRE Compressor HL290A
CTION MANUAL
ANUAL
GB
AIIR COMPRESSOR
A
HL2/90
SPERRE
Instruction manual for compressor type HL2/90
PREFACE
Sperre has produced this instruction manual in order to provide users of its compressor equipment
with information about the compressor’s construction and operation, as well as basic information about
inspection and maintenance.
It is important that the operator should familiarise himself with the contents of this instruction manual,
so as to ensure that installation, use and maintenance work is carried out in a correct and safe manner
from the outset.
The maintenance intervals and individual technical data are average values based on experience, and
may vary, depending on the compressor’s operational parameters.
The supplier accepts no responsibility for damage resulting from careless operation or inadequate
maintenance. Keep the compressor in good mechanical condition, and remember that preventive
maintenance of the equipment reduces the danger of damage and unnecessary operational
interruptions.
CONTENT
Content Page
Page 1
Instruction manual for compressor type HL2/90
PERSONAL
PERSONAL SAFETY
The installation, operation and maintenance of the compressor should be carried out by trained
personnel who are familiar with the contents of this instruction manual.
Unauthorised remodelling or modification of the compressor may result in a safety hazard, and are not
permitted.
Before any form of work is commenced on the compressor the electrical power must be turned off at
the starter panel and at the main switchboard, and the switch on the main switchboard must be
marked with a notice indicating that repair work is in progress. The discharge valve of the compressor
must be closed, and the pressure must be released in all pressurised parts of the compressor.
The safety valves for LP and HP air and any other safety equipment must be inspected regularly.
Damaged components should be replaced with new, original parts. Adjustment of the safety valves
shall only be carried out by authorised personnel. The compressor must never be used if the safety
equipment is defective.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
This is a two cylinder, two stage compressor. The cylinders are fitted in a V-shape at 90° angle to
each other. Cylinders and compressed air coolers are air-cooled by a built in fan. Supply pressure is
determined by adjusting the safety valve.
The compressor and motor are normally supplied fitted together on a strong bedplate. The compressor
and motor are connected by means of a heavy duty flexible coupling.
All the materials used are of first class quality, thoroughly tested and in accordance with the
requirements of the classification societies.
Instrumentation is supplied in accordance with classification society requirements and if desired the
compressor can be fitted with equipment for fully automatic operation.
Bearings and cylinder walls are splash lubricated. The oil level in the sump can be checked through a
sight glass. An automatic low oil level alarm can be supplied as an optional extra.
The compressor is normally supplied without a relief mechanism for the LP cylinder suction valve.
However, a relief mechanism can be ordered from SPERRE if required.
The compressor unit can be supplied either for bolting directly to the foundation, or for flexible
installation by means of resilient mountings fitted under the bedplate.
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Instruction manual for compressor type HL2/90
Page 3
Instruction manual for compressor type HL2/90
INSTALLATION
When the compressor is being installed, it is of the greatest importance to ensure that there are no
distortion of the bedplate. The compressor and motor are normally supplied ready-fitted to the
bedplate. In cases where the motor is installed separately, alignment must be carried out with great
care.
Al ig nm
nment
ent shou
sh ould
ld be carr
c arr ied ou
outt as foll
fo ll ows:
ow s:
In order to ensure trouble-free operation it is important that the foundation is well stiffened and free
from vibrations from other installed machinery. This applies to rigid mounting and flexible mounting
alike.
A well-dimensioned fresh air duct must be provided to the location where the compressor is installed.
The mouth of the duct should be as close as practically possible to the suction side of the cooling fan.
The ambient
ambient temperature sho uld n ot exceed 45°C.
45°C.
In principle the pipe from the compressor to the air reservoir should be arranged as shown in the
installation diagram supplied with the compressor. A non-return valve of strong construction and little
air resistance should be installed between oil and water separator and air receiver.
If the compressor unit is installed with resilient mountings, a flexible hose must be installed in the
compressed air pipe. An oil and water separator should be fitted at some distance from the
compressor, and arranged so that the line slopes downwards from the compressor to the separator. It
is recommended to provide the oil and water separator with both manual and automatic draining.
Equipment for automatic draining is available as an optional extra.
If the pipe from compressor to reservoir is longer than about 10 meters, the dimensions shown in the
installation diagram supplied with compressor should be somewhat increased to ensure the lowest
possible air resistance.
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Instruction manual for compressor type HL2/90
STARTING UP
Before initial starting up and after long periods out of use, carry out the following operations in the
sequence given:
OPERATION
During operation, pressures and temperatures must be within the recommended limits. Any deviation
is abnormal and it’s cause should be ascertained by means of the fault tracing chart. In the case of
pressure or temperature deviations, it is recommended first to check the values with new
thermometers and pressure gauges in order to ensure that the fault is not to be found in the
instruments.
STOPPING
If the compressor is to remain unused for a long period, lubricate valves and cylinder walls with oil.
The compressor should be turned over from time to time.
MAINTENANCE – OVERHAUL
OVERHAUL – REPAIRS
Only Sperre original spare parts should be used for overhauls and repairs. Before ordering spare parts,
please read the instructions given in chapter: “Ordering spare parts”.
Valves
LP valve
To dismantle the valve, proceed as follows:
1. Loosen pipe connections.
2. Loosen and remove cylinder head.
3. Loosen the bolts holding the valve in place on the cylinder head.
Carefully separate the upper and lower sections of the valve body to remove the valve insert with valve p lates.
Important: There are milled slots in the upper and lower sections of the valve body. When
When the valve is
correctly assembled these slots correspond.
It is impor tant that the valve is be correctly fitt ed under the cylinder head. The valve
valvess suction side should
be turned towards the sucti on air fil ter and the pressure side must face towards the fan/electric
fan/electric motor.
Press the valve (3036
(3036)) against the cylin der head (1283
(1283)) by means of a hydraulic p ress or vic e. Force
approx . 2T. Tighten the scr ews (4401)
(4401) to a torqu e of 24 Nm.
The screws 4401 must b e locked so that th ey cannot co me loose. The edge of each screw head has a
notch. After tightening the screws, lock them by putt ing a punch mark in the valve at each each notch.
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Instruction manual for compressor type HL2/90
HP valve
To dismantle the valve, proceed as follows:
1. Loosen pipe connections at cylinder head.
2. Loosen cylinder head nuts and lift
lift off cylinder head.
3. The valve is now free and can be removed.
Valve overhaul: Release the lock at the top of the valve, loosen the nuts and carefully open the valve.
Note the location of the parts, so that they can be correctly refitted.
Clean the valve parts, carbon deposits can best be removed by means of a good solvent, carbon
remover or similar, then flush with hot water.
Important: The valves are an essential part of the compressor and it is important for
operational safety that all parts have the correct material specifications and machining
tolerances. Even the smallest defect in a valve component may lead to overheating and
consequent damage. The supplier accepts no responsibility for damage to the compressor
resulting fr om the use of non-original parts.
parts.
Only orig inal Sperre copper gaskets can be used as valve seating gaskets. Exact dimensions
and correct hardness are of great importance for t rouble free operation.
operation.
Cylinder head nuts should be tightened a little at a time, in sequence, to prevent unsymmetrical load
on the valve.
The procedure for dismantling and assembling the piston and connecting rod is as follows:
1. Loosen and remove the cylinder head.
2. Remove the crankcase front cover, and remove the locking plate at the end of the crankpin.
3. Remove the cylinder from the crankcase.
4. Turn the crankshaft until the piston is at TDC.
TDC.
5. Slide the connecting rod off the crank pin.
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Instruction manual for compressor type HL2/90
Bearings
Bearings - Dismantling
Dismantling and Assembly
Worn or dama
damaged
ged crankshaft bearings shoul d be replaced complete. Repla
Replaceme
cement
nt of parts of
the bearings
bearings is not s atisfactory. Bearings
Bearings dis mantled from shaft and/or
and/or connecting rod s hould
always be replaced with new bearings.
Crankshaft
Crankshaft bea
bearings
rings
Dismantle as follows:
1. Remove the outer ring from the connecting rod, using using a hydraulic press.
2. Remove the inner ring from the crankpin by heating it rapidly with a welding torch, then push it off
the pin by means of a screwdriver or the like. If necessary, grind a notch in it to reduce its tension.
3. Fit a new outer ring to the connecting rod by using a hydraulic press.
4. To fit the inner ring, heat it in an oil bath or on an electric hotplate to 80 – 100 °C before sliding it
onto the pin.
Gudgeon
Gudgeon pin bea
bearings
rings
Dismantle as follows:
1. Remove seeger rings.
2. Press out the gudgeon pin. If necessary, heat the piston
piston slightly.
3. Use a hydraulic press to remove and re-install the gudgeon pin bearing in the connecting rod.
Main bearings
Dismantle as follows:
1. Remove the grille from the front of the fan, loosen the air deflector from base and manifold and
pull the deflector backwards over the electric motor.
2. Remove fan and flywheel.
3. Loosen the cooler pipe from the manifold, cylinder head and lower clamps.
4. Dismantle cylinders,
cylinders, pistons and connecting rods as described under "Piston and connecting rod".
5. Loosen bearing housing nuts. Pull the bearing housing and crankshaft clear of the crankcase.
6. Remove the internal seeger rings in the bearing housing and pull the crankshaft complete with
with
bearings out of the bearing housing.
7. Pull the bearings off the shaft.
8. Check that the oil sealing ring in the bearing housing is not damaged.
Before fitting the bearings, heat them in an oil bath to about 100°C. Ensure that the seeger rings are
correctly placed in their respective slots.
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Instruction manual for compressor type HL2/90
Coolers
To ensure trouble-free operation it is of the greatest importance to ensure that the coolers are kept
clean and free of foreign matter at all times. If the coolers are not kept properly clean, high air
temperatures will result, with a consequent reduction of working life of valves and cylinders.
The coolers can be externally cleaned by spraying on a good grease solvent and then blowing them
clean with compressed air.
In the case of heavy deposits of dirt the coolers should be dismantled for external and internal
cleaning.
Any carbon deposits in the tubes can be removed by placing them in a bath of carbon remover or
similar solvent overnight, and then flushing with hot fresh water.
Important: Make
Make sure that the cleaning products are suitable for use on copper pipes.
Gaskets
Page 8
Instruction manual for compressor type HL2/90
LUBRICATING OIL
The lubrication oil volume in the crank case is 4,0 litres.
Synthetic
Synthetic oil Mineral
Mineral oil
ANDEROL 555 BP ENERGOL RC 68
BP ENERSYN RX 100 CASTROL AIRCOL PD 100
CASTROL AIRCOL SN 100 CALTEX RPM COMPR. OIL 68
COSMO RECIPRO SX 100 ESSO / EXXON EXXCOLUB 77
DAPHNE MARINE COMPR. 100 COSMO RECIPRO 100
ESSO / EXXON ZERICE S 100 FAMM COMPRESSOR OIL EP VDL 100
ESSO / EXXON SYNNESTIC 68 GENERAL COMPOL A 100
FAMM CETUS DE 100 MITSUBISHI COMPR. OIL 100
MOBIL RARUS 827 MOBIL RARUS 427
NIPPON OIL CO. FAIRCOL SA 100 PHILLIPS COMPR. OIL 68
SHELL CORENA AP 68 SHELL CORENA P 68
STATOIL FRIDGEWAY S 100 STATOIL COMPWAY 68
TOTAL LUBMARINE BARELF AL 100 TOTAL DACNIS P
STATOIL COMPWAY SX68
Ask SPERRE for advice before using lubricating oil of any other type.
TABLE
TAB LE OF NORMAL
NORMAL PRESSURES
PRESSURES AND TEMPERATURES
TEMPERATURES
Temperatures in service, with shaft speed 1750 rpm. The values are valid for ambient temperature
40°C and delivery pressure 30 bar.
At lower or higher ambient temperatures, the compressed air temperatures at the points indicated
above will be approximately an equal number of degrees lower or higher.
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Instruction manual for compressor type HL2/90
MAINTENANCE ROUTINES
The following is a guideline for a normal maintenance schedule. However, the compressors operating
conditions vary widely from installation to installation and it is therefore important to adapt the
maintenance schedule to the experience of the individual operator.
The following schedule applies to automatically monitored and manually operated installations alike.
Change lubricating oil. Drain the sump while the oil is warm, clean the sump thoroughly before filling
with fresh oil.
Daily
Daily in spection:
Make a quick general inspection of the whole compressor (in normal operation) and specially check
the following:
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Instruction manual for compressor type HL2/90
Make
Make sure that overhaul kit no. 7935 7935 are
are in st ock before starting overhaul of c ompressor
according to Routine B - 5.0 5.000
00 hour service. Please
Please follow ins tallation instruc tions included in
the kit.
1. Change lubricating oil.
2. Remove the valves from both cylinders. Check for carbon deposits. Overhaul valves.Use valves.Use spare
part k it no. 3036M
3036MK2 K2 and 3037M
3037MK2 K2 to overhaul valves. All valve gaskets should be replaced
with new parts at assembly.
3. Replace the flexible coupling
coupling between compressor and motor.
4. Check all bolts and nuts for proper tightness. Also check vibration dampers and hose connections
if the unit is flexibly mounted. Check that no oil has come in contact with the rubber elements in
the vibration dampers.
5. Function-test the safety valve. Start the compressor,
compressor, and slowly close the stop valve on the
compressed air line. The air pressure should not exceed max. working pressure + 10%. The
safety valves are sealed and the setting should not be adjusted. If the valves are malfunctioning or
open at wrong pressure, the safety valves should be replaced.
6. Check all pipe connections (compressor running).
7. Check that all automatic equipment is functioning correctly.
8. Change suction air filter, insert.
insert. (Part no. 8451).
9. Remove the compressors cooler tubes and clean clean the outside and inside. Spray the outside with a
good grease solvent, and wash clean with warm water. The inside is cleaned by letting the cooler
tube soak in a bath of carbon remover, and then flushing the tube with warm water. Make sure
that cleaning products suitable for copper tubes are used.
10. Remove cylinders, pistons and connecting rods. Inspect cylinder walls and piston. Replace the
piston rings (use a piston ring expander tool to fit the rings on the piston). Clean all parts. Replace
gudgeon pins with bearings and crank bearings. Rotate the shaft by hand, and check that the
main bearings are rotating smoothly and without any signs of excessive wear.Use wear. Use overhaul
overhaul kit
no. 7935.
Make
Make sure that overhaul kit no. 7965 7965 are
are in st ock before starting overhaul of c ompressor
according t o Routine C - 10.0 10.000
00 hour service. Plea
Please
se follow installation in structi ons in cluded in
the kit.
1. Change lubricating oil.
2. Replace the LP and HP valves. Use spare part kit no. 3036MK and 3037MK. All valve gaskets
should be replaced with new parts at assembly.
3. Replace the flexible coupling
coupling between compressor and motor.
4. Check all bolts and nuts for proper tightness. Also check vibration dampers and hose connections
if the unit is flexibly mounted. Check that no oil has come in contact with the rubber elements in
the vibration dampers.
5. Function-test the safety valve. Start the compressor,
compressor, and slowly close the stop valve on the
compressed air line. The air pressure should not exceed max. working pressure + 10%. The
safety valves are sealed and the setting should not be adjusted. If the valves are malfunctioning or
open at wrong pressure, the safety valves should be replaced.
6. Check all pipe connections (compressor running).
7. Check that all automatic equipment is functioning correctly.
8. Change suction air filter, insert. (Part no. 8451). Replace crank case breather valve.
9. Remove the compressors cooler tubes and clean clean the outside and inside. Spray the outside with a
good grease solvent, and wash clean with warm water. The inside is cleaned by letting the cooler
tube soak in a bath of carbon remover, and then flushing the tube with warm water. Make sure
that cleaning products suitable for copper tubes are used.
10. Remove cylinders, pistons and connecting rods. Inspect cylinder walls and piston. Replace the
piston rings (use a piston ring expander tool to fit the rings on the piston). Clean all parts. Replace
gudgeon pins with bearings, crank bearings and main bearings. Use overhaul k it no. 7965 7965 .
Page 11
Instruction manual for compressor type HL2/90
1. Compressor capacity
capacity is low, or the compressor is not delivering
delivering full pressure
Possi ble causes Remedy
Remedy
Clean and check all valve plates, springs and
Dirty, damaged or worn valves.
gaskets. Replace defective parts.
Piston rings are worn. Replace.
Carbon deposits on valves.
Unsuitable lubricating oil. Change oil brand.
Loosen and remove piston rings.
Piston rings are stuck.
Clean piston ring grooves and rings.
Air filter clogged. Clean filter.
Air leaking to surroundings or leaking inside the
Check for external leakages with soapy water.
compressor through valve gaskets and valve
Check valve gaskets and valves.
plates.
Faulty automatic control equipment. Inspect components and circuits.
2. Safe
Safety
ty valve blow s
Possi ble causes Remedy
Remedy
Closed air line valve. Open the valve.
Carbon deposits in non-return valve. Clean the valve.
Faulty adjustment of automatic system.
Compressor does not stop when air reservoir is Check pressure switch and automatic circuitry.
full.
Safety valve damaged or defective (causing it to
Replace safety valve.
open at lower pressure).
4. Bea
Bearings
rings and bearing
bearing housings running hot. Lub. oil overhea
overheating.
ting. Noise from bearings
bearings
Possi ble causes Remedy
Remedy
Damaged or worn bearings. Replace bearings.
Uneven wear on crankshaft bearings. Check crankshaft for straightness.
Low oil level. Refill lub. oil.
Page 12
Instruction manual for compressor type HL2/90
1. End
End tolerances for pist on rings
Push a piston without piston rings halfway into the cylinder, and place the piston ring in the cylinder so
that it presses against the top of the piston. Withdraw the piston and using a feeler gauge, measure
the clearance between the piston ring ends.
Piston Clearance
Clearance for new Maximum
diameter rings in new cylinder Permissible clearance
50 mm 0,2 - 0,35 mm 0,7 mm
90 mm 0,35 - 0,55 mm 0,9 mm
2. Height
Height clearance
clearance in piston ring groov es
Clean piston rings and ring grooves. Fit ring in groove and measure the height clearance of the ring in
the groove using a feeler gauge.
Clearance
Clearance for new Maximum
rings in new piston Permissible clearance
Top ring 0,015 - 0,04 mm 0,06 mm
All other rings 0,00 - 0,025 mm 0,04 mm
3. Clearance
Clearance between pist on and
and cylin der
Measure the clearance by means of a dial gauge, measuring the cylinder and piston separately.
Alternatively the piston can be placed in the cylinder and the clearance measured with thickness
gauges. The piston clearance should be measured in the area above the upper ring groove.
The clearance listed in the table below is the difference in diameter for the two parts.
4. Clearance
Clearance between
between pisto n top and cyl inder head/valve.
The clearance between the piston crown and the cylinder head (valve) should be not less than 0,75 mm.
The normal gasket thickness is approx. 1,0 mm, and the piston crown may project a maximum of 0,25
mm above the cylinder at top dead centre.
Page 13
Instruction manual for compressor type HL2/90
(A) and
(A) and (B) are
(B) are stamped on the compressor rating plate, which is fixed to the side of the crankcase
and (C) will
(C) will be found in the spare parts list in this instruction book.
SPERRE INDUSTRI AS reserves the right to amend technical specifications without prior notice and
disclaims all legal liability in connection with such amendments.
Addr
Ad dr ess fo r o rderi
rd eri ng parts
par ts : Original parts can also be ordered from:
Sperre China
Room 16E, No.257 Siping Road
Hongkuo District
200081 Shanghai, China
Tel. : +86 216 5070436
Fax : +86 216 5070402
E-mail : [email protected]
Page 14
Instruction manual for compressor type HL2/90
Page 15
Instruction manual for compressor type HL2/90
Page 16
Instruction manual for compressor type HL2/90
SPERRE’s kits of genuine spare-parts include the wear parts you must change when you overhaul the
compressor. For example, if you replace a valve, it is strongly recommended
recommended to replace the valve
gaskets at the same time. With a spare-part kit available, all necessary parts are at hand together with
clear installation instructions.
Descript
Descript ion Part
Part no. Content
Content of kit
Gasket kit 4120 All flat gaskets, O-rings, sealing rings, and valve gaskets.
Crankshaft with all bearings, flywheel key and nut, Seeger-
Crankshaft 1403MK
rings, endplate and screw.
Valve LP 3036MK Valve and necessary copper rings and/or gaskets.
Valve HP 3037MK Valve and necessary copper rings and/or gaskets.
Overhaul kit - LP valve 3036MK2 Valve springs, plates and gaskets.
Overhaul kit - HP valve 3037MK2 Valve springs, plates and gaskets.
Piston LP 3356MK Piston, gudgeon pin with Seeger-rings and piston rings.
Piston HP 3352MK Piston, gudgeon pin with Seeger-rings and piston rings.
Connecting rod with small- and big-end bearings, oil scoop
Connecting rod 1424MK
with set screw.
Cylinder LP 1137MK Cylinder with gaskets, stud bolts/nuts and fittings.
Cylinder HP 1133MK Cylinder with gaskets, stud bolts/nuts and fittings.
Maintenance
Maintenance kit s:
• All necessary
necessary parts at hand when you needneed them
• With clear
clear installation
installation instruc tions enclosed
Genui
Genuine
ne Sperre
Sperre parts gi ve you peace
peace of mi nd at sea !
Page 17
NOTE:
Sole suppliers of genuine spare parts:
Sperre
Sperre Industri AS Sperre Asia PTE Ltd Sperre Rotterdam BV Sperre China
N-6057 Ellingsøy 63 Hillview Avenue #09-13 Glasblazerstraat 12B Room 16E, No.257 Siping Road
Norway Lam Soon Industrial Building NL-2984 BL Ridderkerk Hongkuo District
Singapore 669569 The Netherlands 200081 Shanghai, China
Tel +47 70 16 11 00
Tel +65 6763 6300 Tel +31 180 463 299 Tel +86 216 5070436
Fax + 47 70 16 11 10
Fax + 65 6763 1811 Fax + 31 180 463 264 Fax +86 216 5070402
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
www.sperre.com