2 - The Internet

Empowerment Technologies
Governor Pack Road, Baguio City, Philippines 2600

Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;
442-2564; 442-8219; 442-8256; Fax No.: 442-6268 Grade Level/Section: HUMSS 11G & 11H, STEM 12T
Email: [email protected]; Website: www.uc-bcf.edu.ph
MODULE 2 – Techno Subject Teacher: Lovely Jenn Reformado
The internet
Course Objectives:
a. Define internet terminologies;
b. discuss the evolution of Web;
c. differentiate the Internet from the Web; and
d. Compare and contrast the surface web, deep web, and the dark web.
Motivation:
 When you hear the word “internet”, what comes into your mind?
Definition of Terms:
 Internet Service Provider (ISP)
o Business that provides individuals and organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee
o Examples: Smart, PLDT, Globe, Sky Cable
 Bandwidth
o Amount of data that travels over a network
o Measured according by bits (b) / bytes (B) per second
 Kilobit per second (Kbps)
 Megabit per second (Mbps)
 Internet Protocol (IP) Address
o A sequence of numbers that uniquely identifies:
 Each device connected to the internet
 Address of a website on the internet
 Domain Name
o Text-based name that corresponds to the IP address
o Examples: google.com, facebook.com
 Domain Name System (DNS)
o Translates the domain name into its associated IP address
The Internet
 Definitions
o A worldwide collection of networks that links millions of businesses, government agencies,
educational institutions and individuals
o Global wide area network that connects computer systems across the world
 Connection Types
o Wired
 Physical connectivity to the internet via the use of cables or wires
 Examples:
- Cable Internet Service - Local Area Network (LAN)
- Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) - Coaxial Cable
- Dial-up
o Wireless
 "Having no wires" or no physical attachment needed in order to connect to the internet
 Examples:
- Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) - Wireless Area Network (WAN)
- Mobile Broadband - Satellite Internet Service
- Fiber Optics
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;
World Wide Web (WWW)

 Definitions
o Information space where documents and other web resources are located
o The biggest example of the internet
 Evolution of the World Wide Web
Web Alternate Term
Description Examples
Version and Year(s)
Web 1.0 Readable  AKA Static Web  Old Wikipedia
Phase of the  Read-only Web  First Netscape
Web  Limited interaction between the web and Navigator
1994 – 2000 the users  School websites
 About the search for online viability  Government
websites
Web 2.0 Writeable Phase  AKA Social Web or Dynamic Web  Social media sites
of the Web  Read-Write Web  Image and video
2000 – 2010  Allows interaction between sites and users, sharing sites
thus known as the “power of networks”  Blogging sites
 Websites encourage user-generated
content
Web 3.0 Executable  AKA Semantic Web  Google predictive
Phase of the  Driven by technological changes search
Web  Big collection of databases that are  Shopping websites
2010 – 2020 connected or linked on each demand
Web 4.0 Self-Learning  AKA Intelligent Web  Big Data
Web  Self-Learning Web
2020 – 2030  Focus on user, subject domain, level of
knowledge
 Internet and the Web as a Universal World
Computer Knowledge Base
Web 5.0 Telepathic Web  Popularity of brain implants as well as  Microchip in the
2030 – beyond communication through thoughts brain or in hand
Other Terms
 Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
o Method being used to transfer information on the web
 Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS)
o Also termed as Hypertext Transfer Protocol over Secure Socket Layer (SSL)
o A more secure way of transferring information
o Commonly used when authenticating data
 Illustration on the Difference between HTTP and HTTPS
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;
 www (in a website)

o Determines if a website is available in the World Wide
Web
Each website has a unique IP
 Host Name address associated with their
o Label that identifies the device; also known as "domain domain name?
name" Google for example have a

 Uniform Resource Locator (URL) or Web Address unique set and range of IP
addresses that you can use to
o Reference to a web resource that specifies its location on visit their website, one of which
a computer network and mechanism for retrieving it is 172.217.31.238. These IP
addresses can be manually
written in the URL bar of any
internet browser.
 Top-Level Domain
o Last segment; followed by dot
o Types:
 Generic: .com, .net, .edu, etc.
 Country: .ph, .sg, .us, etc.
TLD Intended Purpose Examples
.com Commercial organization, businesses, and https://www.facebook.com
companies https://www.shopee.com
.edu Educational institutions https://www.uc-bcf.edu.ph
.gov Government agencies https://www.deped.gov.ph
.mil Military organizations https://www.army.mil.ph
.net Network providers https://www.behance.net
.org Non-profit organizations https://www.change.org
 Search Engine
o Software system that finds sites, webpages, images, and other information related to a topic
o Examples: google.com, bing.com, search.com
 Internet Browsers
o Application software that is used to access the web
o Examples: Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Microsoft Edge
 Subject Directory
o Classifies web pages in an organized set of categories
Three Parts of the World Wide Web

 In terms of content accessibility, the World Wide Web can be divided into three parts: the surface
web, the deep web and the dark web.
 The Surface Web
o Perused by average internet users on a daily basis
o Content are easily retrieved via the usage of the commonly used search engines
 Examples: Google, Bing, Ask.com, etc.
o Examples:
 facebook.com  uc-bcf.edu.ph
 youtube.com  google.com
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;
 The Deep Web

o The hidden web or the invisible web
o Contents are not indexed or accessed by the regular search engines such as Google and Bing
o The deep web is the majority of the internet as a whole, thus it contains more than 90% of
information
o Google’s indexing system begins with a process called “crawling”
 Associated with virtual robot spiders
 Starts at a home page and then crawl to and from all the pages on the site that can be
accessed by clicking all the links
o Examples:
 Using cloud storage
 Chats and emails on social media sites
 The Dark Web
o Dark web is different to the deep web as it is a subset of the deep web
o Only accessible through software that guards anonymity, as well as specific configurations
and authorization
o Contains URL that usually ends in .onion instead of .com, .gov or .edu
Surface Web Deep Web Dark Web
Content Can be search through the Bulk of information present Most contents are in illegal
regular search engines are those that are sensitive,
private and personal
Examples Facebook, YouTube, Social media contents, Drugs, stolen information,

Wikipedia, regular medical records, Online malwares, hacking
blogging websites Banking accounts, services, weapons, child
Personal email contents pornography
Means of Any search engines Searching internally on any Accessed by using a

Access website, on which you are special browser called
accessing the database of “The Onion Router(TOR)”
the site directly
Content in the Dark Web

The dark web operates with a high degree of anonymity. It contains harmless activities and contents.
However, the dark web is better known to provide a safer place for those who commit illegal
transactions and suspicious individuals. For instance, here are additional sites and contents being
seen in the dark web:
 The Hidden Wiki (http://zqktlwi4fecvo6ri.onion/)
o For dark web hidden topics and services
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;
 WikiLeaks (http://76ssfjn22svo4vyl.onion)
o Deep web organization for News
o Read news for CIA, FBI, Google, etc.
o Use the search engine and find news on this website
 Gorfnets (http://gorfpiehonruqzzh.onion)
o A chatroom with host and IP, mail channels, and slot game
 Hidden Answers (http://answerstedhctbek.onion)

o Forum about hidden answers about all categories
o Examples: hacking, money, sex, dark markets, etc.
 Vend0r (http://vendolkwsu5thjxb.onion)
o Selling of hacked PayPal accounts and credit card dumps
o Can help with conversion into clean Bitcoins
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;
 Facebook Account Hack (http://g5x6d5sgwx3wecj4.onion)

o Facebook Account Hack is a hacking service for Facebook
o 0.1BTC per account
The Onion Router (TOR)

 A browser used in accessing the dark web
 Can access both the surface and the deep web
 Similar to Mozilla Firefox browser in terms of its user interface, The TOR browser was
created by the United
albeit slower States Naval Research
 How does TOR work? Laboratory, and is partially
o In an onion network, messages are encapsulated in funded by the U.S.
Department of Defense with
layers of encryption, analogous to layers of an onion
the purpose of protecting
o The data transmitted through a series of network nodes U.S. intelligence
called onion routers each of which peels away a single communications online?
layer, uncovering the data’s next destination
Further Watching:
 How does the Internet work?: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x3c1ih2NJEg
 What is the World Wide Web? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J8hzJxb0rpc
 Surface Web vs. Deep Web vs. Dark web https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QR_fEcCqk5s
 How the TOR works: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6czcc1gZ7Ak
References:
 Callo, Erwin Reyes. 2017. SCIENCE in Today’s World for SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Empowerment Technologies. Sibs Publishing House
 CarikeLoretz, V. A. P. B. (2017, March 17). The rld Wide Web – From Web 1.0 to Web 5.0. Social
Media Networks in Business. https://carikesocial.wordpress.com/2017/03/15/the-world-wide-
web-from-web-1-0-to-web-5-0/
 CISO Guide: Surface Web, Deep Web and Dark Web - Are they different? (n.d.). CISO
Platform. https://www.cisoplatform.com/profiles/blogs/surface-web-deep-web-and-dark-
web-are-they-different
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;
 Innovative Training Works, Inc. (2016). Empowering Technologies. First edition. Manila: Rex
Bookstore.
 Krauter, C. (2020, June 17). Web 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 for dummies. Datanova.
https://datanova.com.au/web-1-0-2-0-and-3-0-for-dummies/
FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT
1. What was your favorite part of the module and why?

2. Give two (2) keywords that you have learned and explain or define them in your words.
ACTIVITY 2: The Internet

Instructions – Odd One Out. Please read and understand the modules first. Analyze the given word(s)
and determine which word does not belong to the group. (10 items, 10 pts.)
1. A. Deep Web C. Intelligent Web
B. Dynamic Web D. Static Web
2. A. DSL C. Satellite Internet Service

B. Dial-up D. WAN
3. A. Cable Internet Service C. LAN

B. Dial-up D. Mobile Broadband
4. A. .edu C. .net
B. .mil D. .phd
5. A. Flat data C. Static Web

B. Readable Web D. Writable Web
6. A. Dynamic Web C. Semantic Web

B. Intelligent Web D. Web 3.0
7. A. Ask C. Bing
B. Amazon D. Google
8. A. Google C. Microsoft Edge

B. Internet Explorer C. Mozilla Firefox
9. A. Surface Web C. Gmail

B. Facebook D. Gorfnets
10. A. Dark Web C. Silkroad

B. Deep Web D. Wikileaks
Instructions – Multiple Choice. Read and analyze each situation/question carefully and choose the
correct answer. Write the letter that corresponds to your answer. (10 items, 1 pt. each)
11. The following are types of wired internet connection. Which of the following is an exception?
A. Dial-up C. Fiber optics
B. Digital Subscriber Line D. Local Area Network
Tel. Nos.: (+6374) 442-3316, 442-8220; 444-2786;
12. The BZA café provides a free internet access to their customers with their Fiber optics connection
through PLDT. What is PLDT?
A. Bandwidth C. IP Address
B. DNS Server D. Internet Service Provider
13. What is defined as classified webpages in an organized set of categories?
A. Search directory C. Subject directory
B. Search engine D. Subject engine
14. Which of the following does not describe Web 1.0?
A. Executable C. Readable
B. Has flat data D. Static
15. Web 2.0 is described below. Which of the following is an exception?
A. Dynamic C. Telepathic
B. Social in nature D. Writable
16. What is defined as the sequence of numbers that uniquely identifies each device connected to
the Internet?
A. Host name C. MAC address
B. IP address D. URL
17. What is the internet currency that is used in a virtual transaction, usually in the deep web?
A. Bitcoin C. Share
B. Cryptocurrency D. US Dollar
18. Who created The Onion Router?
A. United States Department of Defense C. United States Naval Research Laboratory
B. Unites States Intelligence D. United States Research Department
19. The following are characteristics of the dark web. Which is an exemption?
A. Can be accessed by a regular browser C. Drugs, guns and ammos are sold easily
B. Contains most of the internet information D. Users can find hackers-for-hire
20. Which of the following doesn’t describe the deep web?
A. Can be accessed using TOR only C. The hidden Web
B. Contains personal information D. The Invisible web
How to Submit:
 Answer “WW2 – The Internet” under “Module 2 – The Internet”.
 For Messenger submissions, use your device’s note-taking software (Notepad, Sticky Notes,
Google Keep, Notes, etc.) to place the LETTERS only of your answers. Don’t forget to write your
name and section.
Submission Channels:
 Canvas K-12 LMS (Quizzes)
 Private messenger in Facebook messenger: fb.com/lovelyjenn.reformado.50

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Empowerment Technologies

Governor Pack Road, Baguio City, Philippines 2600

MODULE 2 – Techno Subject Teacher: Lovely Jenn Reformado

MODULE 2 – Techno Subject Teacher: Lovely Jenn Reformado

World Wide Web (WWW)

MODULE 2 – Techno Subject Teacher: Lovely Jenn Reformado

 www (in a website)

name" Google for example have a

Three Parts of the World Wide Web

MODULE 2 – Techno Subject Teacher: Lovely Jenn Reformado

 The Deep Web

Examples Facebook, YouTube, Social media contents, Drugs, stolen information,

Means of Any search engines Searching internally on any Accessed by using a

Content in the Dark Web

MODULE 2 – Techno Subject Teacher: Lovely Jenn Reformado

 Hidden Answers (http://answerstedhctbek.onion)

MODULE 2 – Techno Subject Teacher: Lovely Jenn Reformado

 Facebook Account Hack (http://g5x6d5sgwx3wecj4.onion)

The Onion Router (TOR)

MODULE 2 – Techno Subject Teacher: Lovely Jenn Reformado

1. What was your favorite part of the module and why?

ACTIVITY 2: The Internet

2. A. DSL C. Satellite Internet Service

3. A. Cable Internet Service C. LAN

5. A. Flat data C. Static Web

6. A. Dynamic Web C. Semantic Web

8. A. Google C. Microsoft Edge

9. A. Surface Web C. Gmail

10. A. Dark Web C. Silkroad

MODULE 2 – Techno Subject Teacher: Lovely Jenn Reformado

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