Marenostrum PDF

Mare Nostrum
The Rise and Fall of Mussolini’s Army: 1922-1945
By Keith Stine, Chalfant Conley, and Jayson Gardner
Supplement for
Disposable Heroes & Coffin for Seven Brothers™
1:1 Scale Infantry & Vehicle Skirmish Wargaming in WWII
Copyright © 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009
All Rights Reserved Iron Ivan Games

Including Right of Reproduction in Whole of Part in any Form or Language
International Copyright Protected Under Berne, UCC Geneva, UCC Paris, and WTO Agreements
Design, Development, Layout, editing, Research:

Keith Stine, Chalfant Conley, and Jayson Gardner
Mare Nostrum
The Rise and Fall of Mussolini’s Army: 1922-1945
Disposable Heroes & Coffin for Seven Brothers is a miniature wargaming rules system designed to
recreate platoon level Infantry and vehicle combat set in WWII. This system is suited for 28mm, 25mm, 20mm, and
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15mm miniatures. Vehicles are also playable with 1/285 scale models.
Mare Nostrum Is a DH/C7B supplement describing in detail the major Italian infantry platoon structures. Also
included is a wide range of Italian small arms, tanks, soft skinned vehicles, planes, artillery, and AT guns. While this
publication is informative, it is not a stand-alone product. A copy of DH/C7B is needed to play.
Table of Contents:
1. Introduction: Brief Description of the Italian Armed Forces from 1922-1945 2
2. General Italian Infantry Small Arms 3

Italian Army Ranks and Equivalents
Special Rules
3. Italian Infantry Platoons and Support:
The Abbysinian War (1935-1936): 8
Rifle platoon
Camicie Nere (CCNN) “Blackshirts”
Askaris
The Spanish Civil War (1936-1939): 14

CTV
Arrow Divisions
WWII (1939-1945): *Denotes a sub-list 21

Regio Esercito
*Coastal Divisions
*Corpo Italiano Liberazione (CIL) Units
Units of the Co-Belligerent Forces 26

Army of the South (Including Alpini, Bersaglieri, and Folgore)
Units of the Repubblica Sociale Italiana (RSI) 29

Esercito Nazionale Repubblicano (ENR)
*Decima Mas
*Guardia Nazionale Repubblicana (GNR), and Brigate Nere (Black Brigades)
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*29 Waffen-Grenadier Regiment der SS
Elites and Specialists (all theaters): 32

Bersaglieri 32
Alpini 34
Paracadutisti 36
Scout Platoon 38
Engineer Platoon 39
Cavalry Platoon 40
4. Italian Artillery: Italian AA, AT, FG, IG Artillery Data Cards 42
5. Italian Vehicles: Italian Armored and Soft Skin Vehicle Data Cards 48
6. Italian Aircraft: Italian Aircraft Data Cards 69
7. Italy’s Enemies 76
Blood on the Fourth Shore: The Libyans 76
Haile Salassie’s War: The Abyssinians 80
Aera! Aera! Aera!: The Greek Army 85
“Spazio Vitale”: The National Army of Liberation (Tito’s Partisans) 93
Partisans (Chetnik, Communist, Ustasha, Italian) 97
8. End Notes 101
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"War alone brings up to their highest tension all human energies and imposes the stamp of nobility upon
the peoples who have the courage to make it." -Il Duce, Benito Mussolini
1. Introduction: The Mediterranean Sea has always been a crossroads of Empires. The Romans
called it Mare Nostrum, or “Our Sea”. At its height, the Roman Empire controlled virtually all of the land where the
waves of their sea touched shore. Italian nationalists would later revive this term in the 1860s during the drive for the
unification of Italy. However, the term would be most associated in modern times with the Leader of the Italian
Fascists, Benito Mussolini. It was he who cultivated the idea of a grand new Roman Empire with all of the imagery
associated with that Ancient society. The very word Fascist, derived from the Roman symbol of the Fasces (literally
“bundle of sticks”), represented the “strength through unity” of the Italian people that Mussolini desired to cultivate in
his totalitarian regime.
It was he who would build a new Roman Army, often described as his “Eight Million Bayonets”, and then
send it off on dreams of conquest. In fact, the Italian army’s fortunes are intimately linked with that of Mussolini’s. His
rise would see them triumphant. His fall would be their fall. In the end, his death at the hands of his own people
symbolized the way Italy itself succumbed to internal strife and division as the nation tore itself apart during the Allied
invasion. Mussolini’s rule is a true Roman tragedy complete with greed, pride, and fate. His own soldiers would often
perform heroic deeds and fight valiantly for a man laid low by his own hubris, an act that would cost many their lives.
As an army, history has not been kind to the Italians. Their fighting capabilities are often lumped together
with those of the French and Poles in WWII. Yet these characterizations are often not true or fair. These soldiers
could fight, and indeed did fight hard. The individual Italian soldier was tough and brave and yet he was often
equipped poorly, underfed, poorly led, and was supplied by a logistics system that was so inefficient as to be almost
criminal. In every theater the Italian soldier fought there are examples of skill and bravery.
Facing the Ethiopians, the Italians fought well, but since they were facing a small army with virtually no
modern equipment, this was perhaps a forgone conclusion. This prize in Abyssinia would be the first of Mussolini’s
conquests and was perhaps his most successful. Once facing the modern and professional British army, the Italians
would find their match. Mussolini’s pride would lead him to send Italian soldiers into the Spanish Civil War where they
would also fight well, if ultimately unsuccessful when leading their own offensives. While the Spanish Civil War
offered the Italian Army valuable experience and would allow them to test new weapons and tactics, this dirty
ideological war was not the place in the sun that Mussolini had envisioned and in fact would cost him dearly in men
and material that would be badly needed in the coming war.
With the signing of the Pact of Steel between Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, Mussolini was able to finally
give his soldiers a place to show their mettle. However, things would not start out well for his army. He would be
disappointed when sending his troops into France where they would be stopped cold by the Maginot Line. His force
sent into Russia could only play second fiddle to the massive German invasion of the Soviet Union. To make things
worse, this was after experiencing the embarrassment of having the Germany army enter Greece to end the deadlock
that had developed between the Italians and the ragtag Greek army. This was not an auspicious start for the would
be Legions that were to conquer the New Rome.
It was only after a stunning defeat In North Africa at the hands of the British, that the Italian army would start
to approach something akin to an effective fighting force. Here they would become the foundation for the victories of
Rommel’s Afrika Korps. The German troops they served next to in that theater certainly respected their comrades in
arms. Rommel himself held them in high regard, even if he despised their high command. Their enemies, the British,
respected them as well, with one of their officers describing them as some of the finest troops he had ever faced.
Despite how well the Italian soldier fought, he faced enormous challenges. His weapons were outdated and
ill suited to modern warfare (with the exception of the Carcano rifle and the Beretta SMG). His equipment was
lackluster at best. His armored vehicles were years behind the design curve and would never even begin to catch up
to his opponents. His navy suffered defeats at the hands of his enemies while his air force flew in adequate planes,
yet were outnumbered and outgunned in the end. All the while, his high command was full of bombastic, corrupt, and
inept commanders who were often unfit to lead such solid fighting men. Even worse than all of those things, the
Italian soldiers were flung across North Africa and Europe and left to their fate. It was to Mussolini’s undoing that his
own soldiers were asked to fight a war that very few of the Italian people had wanted nor asked for. Yet while they
followed him and linked their fates to his, many Italian soldiers fought not for Il Duce and some grand new Roman
Empire, but for their nation and their King, the House of Savoy.
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Perhaps the fitting image for the ultimate tragedy of the Italian Army in the 20 century is the brave Italian
soldiers on the frozen steppes of Russia charging across snowy ground with empty rifles and fixed bayonets into the
teeth of a mass of Red Army machine guns. They, like Mussolini’s dreams of glory, met a tragic end.
2
2. General
Italian Infantry Small Arms: Below is a comprehensive list of Italian small arms used in the platoon lists in this book.
Not all small arms used by the Italians in the war are presented here.
Italian Small Arms

Name Type Range ROF AP MM Special
M1934 Beretta Pistol 10” 2 6 - -
M1918/1938 Beretta SMG 15” 3 6 -
*OVP SMG 15” 3 6 - -
M1891 Carcano Rifle 30” 2 8 - -
M1891/1938 Carbine Rifle 30” 2 8 - -
Vintage Musket Musket 20” 1 6 - -
Vintage Rifle Rifle 30” 1 8 - -
Scoped M1891 Rifle 48” 1 8 -2 +2 ACC
M1930 Breda LMG 48” 3 8 -2 -
MG-34 LMG 48” 4 8 -2 -
MG-42 LMG 48” 5 8 -2 -
M1935 Fiat Revelli HMG 75” 4 8 -3 -
Flamethrower Flamethrower 8” 1 6 -3 Blast
45/5 Modello 35 Brixia Mortar 10”+ 1 1 -1 Blast
81/35 81mm Mortar 18”+ 1 3 -2 Blast
Stokes Mortar Mortar 18”+ 1 3 -2 Blast
Weapon Variety: With the bewildering array of weaponry available to the world during the conflicts listed in these
army lists, it would be impossible to cover them all, and since most of these weapons fall into broad types (such as
bolt action rifle), listing them all would also be redundant. In any case where a list mentions a specific weapon, feel
free to substitute any other relevant type for that category. For example, in the Partisans list the Mauser M24 rifle is
used. Feel free to change this to a Russian Moisin Nagant or a British Enfield if it suits your model collection.
Regardless of the weapon, the stats for each type remain the same.
Vintage Weapons: The Vintage selections indicate weapons that are either old black powder muskets used from the
earliest days of colonization or the later breechloaders such as the Martini Henry and the Needle Rifle. These
weapons were used by many poorly equipped forces in most of the Wars Italy fought in Africa.
The Panzerfaust: This was a rare weapon in the Italian forces allied to Germany, even after 1944. They were
generally only given to Italian units trained in Germany after the Italian Capitulation. Only allow German trained Italian
allied units to be equipped with these weapons, and use them only for scenarios in 1944 and beyond.
Pre-WWII SMGs: The Italians fielded the M1918 Beretta SMG. In most of the formations used prior to WWII,
especially the Abyssinian War and the Spanish Civil War, these were mostly privately purchased by individual
soldiers. As such, they are relatively rare weapons.
Players may wish to severely restrict their use in the lists, allowing only one per unit, or only for special leaders.
WWII SMG usage: By WWII, the mass manufactured and reliable 1938 model of the Beretta SMG began to show up
in larger numbers. By the end of the war, so many had been produced and distributed, that it sometimes equipped
whole units. The Decima Mas Division in particular was widely known to have equipped whole platoons with them.
In any RSI force you may replace the Carcano rifle (either type) with a M1938 Beretta SMG. This was mostly done for
the whole unit.
RSI Forces and German Weapons: Some RSI units were equipped with German weapons (mostly those who were
trained in Germany). The lists presented here for RSI forces use Germans weapons listed. However, many RSI
forces retained their Italian weapons. Players may simply replace the German weapon with the Italian counterpart at
no points change except the following:
MG-34 LMG: -10 points, convert to M1930 Breda.

MG-42 LMG: -20 points, convert to M1930 Breda.
MG-34 HMG: -20 points, convert to M1935 Fiat Revelli.
MG-42 HMG: -40 points, convert to M1935 Fiat Revelli.
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Italian Infantry Anti-Tank Weapons
WZ35 Marosczek AT 48” 1 9(1) -1 -
Solothurn 20mm AT 48” 1 9(1) -1 -
PIAT AT 48” 1 -(2) - Blast
*Panzerfaust 60 AT 12” 1 (3) -2 Blast
(x) Represents the base AP effect of the blast when using the weapon against vehicles.
Italian Small Arms Anti-Tank Chart

Weapon Penetration
Type DM 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Pistol/SMG -3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Rifle/MG -3 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
WZ35 Marosczek -3 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
Solothurn 20mm -3 4 8 11 15 19 23 27 30 34 38
Panzerfaust 60/100 +1 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Italian Explosives Anti-Tank Chart

Weapon Penetration
Type Range DM 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Satchel Charge 6” +0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
Molotov Cocktail 6” +1 - - - - - - - - - -
Note: Only one Engineer may use one explosive per activation, though other weapons may be used as normal.
Italian Ranks and equivalents

The following ranks as listed on the platoon lists are given in the English (American) military rank. This chart
summarizes the Italian rank and the equivalent Gut score. It is difficult to give literal equivalents to different armies
rank structure. Some of the Italian ranks have been left out and some of the equivalencies are simplified for game
purposes. For example, we did not differentiate between the Private and Private First Class. If there is a rank missing
that you would like to use for your own games, please use the nearest equivalent score. Note: some soldiers may be
listed as a role or function other than the ranks presented in this chart, but their Gut score is as listed on the unit card
for all game purposes.
American Rank Royal Italian Rank CCNN Rank SS Rank

Lieutenant Tenente Capo Manipolo Untersturmführer
Staff Sergeant Maresciallo Capo Aiutante Capo Scharführer
Sergeant Maresciallo Aiutante Unterscharführer
Corporal Caporale Capo Squadra Rottenführer/Sturmmann
Private Soldato Camicia Nera Schütze
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Gut Scores
The following chart lists the three Gut scales for the Italian Platoons in this book. This allows players to create
realistic morale scales for the variety of Italian formations and periods of the war, as well as units for specific
scenarios. Please see the Gut scale multiplier on how to adjust point scores for using different Gut scales.
Rank Guts (M) Guts (S) Guts (E) Guts (G)

Lieutenant 9 8 10 7
Staff Sergeant 8 7 9 6
Sergeant 7 6 8 5
Corporal 6 5 7 4
Private 5 4 6 3
(M) Motivated: These are Italian soldiers at their best. When well led, well supplied, and in a spirited offense or
desperate defense, the Italian soldier could, and did, put up a good fight, especially at the platoon level. Use this for
Italian platoons in good condition in the victorious parts of any campaign.
(S) Standard: Despite the soldiers best efforts, the Italian high command, Mussolini’s strategic mistakes, and an
overall poor logistics system often meant that the Italian armed forces were fighting in difficult situations. Once
committed to these disastrous campaigns, the Italian soldier was forced to fight to the bitter end. The better units
fought well, while the poorer units merely melted away or surrendered. This is what could be considered the average
or standard Italian Army Gut scale.
(E) Elite: There were some highly trained specialist units in the Italian army with a strong Esprit de Corps. The
Bersaglieri and Alpine troops come to mind. Some units also displayed a fanaticism that helped them overcome less
training or otherwise losing situations. Blackshirts charging with empty rifles across the frozen waste of Russia in a
desperate last ditch effort against the Red Army, or the Folgore fighting to the last round in the scorching sands of
North Africa against the British onslaught are good examples. Use this scale for Italy’s elite units or units that fought
with stubborn or fanatical determination.
(G) Green: There were a lot of political units that fought with the Italian Army during the war the most famous of
which is the various CCNN units also known as the “Blackshirts”. In their earliest engagements, they were wholly
unprepared for combat and their inexperience was only partially compensated for by their ideological motivation. This
scale could also apply to certain second line units such as the Coastal Divisions that fought in the defense of Sicily
and the Italian mainland. This Gut scale is very low and should only be used in scenario games.
Gut Scale Point Multiplier

Players can use any of these three Gut scales for any of the platoons in this book. The lists presented in the book are
all calculated at the Standard (S) scale for points. Players using a different Gut scale than the Standard must use the
Gut Scale Point Multiplier. This allows for accurate points cost when changing Gut scales. To get an accurate point
total, players should add up their points as per the list, then multiply that total by the Gut Scale Multiplier they are
converting to. This will give an adjusted score. For example, a player decides to use the Rifle platoon list to create an
Elite Wehrmacht platoon. The Rifle platoon list uses a Standard Gut scale and the player needs to adjust this one
step up to the Elite scale. He adds up the points using the list as normal and comes to a total 810. He uses the One
Step Up Multiplier and multiplies his total by 1.1 to come to a new total of 891.
Gut Scale Multiplier

Standard x1
One Step Down x 0.9
One Step Up x 1.1
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Special Rules
Some units in this book use special rules to reflect a lack of training or some other combat factor that sets them apart
from other forces. These rules apply to the whole platoon list, unless otherwise noted.
Bunching: One major deficiency found in poorly trained troops is that they tend to bunch up under fire. This is
instinctive, and is done to make the individuals feel more secure. The result in combat is anything but secure, making
the men more vulnerable to explosions. The rules for Blasts do not include templates. There is an assumption that
most WWII soldiers understand the need for dispersion. Many interwar troops would not.
You may nominate for your games that some forces are affected by Bunching. This means that whenever they are
hit by a Blast weapon, regardless of type, add a +1 to the AP before rolling to wound. So a medium artillery that
would normally have a Blast AP of 2, would have a Blast AP of 3.
Poor Artillery: The fast paced nature of WWII combat forced the rapid advancement of artillery coordination.
Specialized artillery spotting and ranging units, even radio equipped FO teams, are critical to effective artillery. There
are unlikely to be these kinds of units among irregular forces.
Indirect fire can be attempted. If no units can see the target unit (speculative fire), the indirect fire ACC is an
unmodified 1. If at least one unpinned friendly unit can see the target unit, the indirect fire ACC is an unmodified 2. If
the firing unit itself can see the target unit, the indirect fire ACC is an unmodified 3. There are no ways to improve
these scores.
Disband: You may designate certain troops to be subject to Disband. A unit subject to Disband operates normally,
nd
even when they receive their first Pin. However, when they receive a 2 Pin, which would normally be a Fall Back,
the unit is removed from play completely without a chance to rally or activate. Whether it is guerillas slipping away to
fight again, or men fleeing for their lives, you have lost the models for the game.
Simultaneous Combat: Some of the frontier wars of Italy were ugly conflicts. The close combat was bloody and
fierce. Players should remember that close combat in DH/C7B is in reality much more about firing at point blank
range and not running away than it is about actual physical combat… but physical combat is part of it too. To
represent this, melee combat is conducted simultaneously. Do not roll for initiative. Each player rolls for all of the
models involved at the same time. Units can potentially eliminate each other this way, resulting in no victor. Continue
to roll for hits and wounds until one or both sides are eliminated. Units still must pass a Charge Test to enter Close
Combat, as normal.
Fanatical Defense: This special rule represents that in some cases motivated opponents of Italy would fight to the
death rather than retreat or surrender. It does not affect Pins. However, in the case of Fall Back or Retreat, after
failing the roll, the owning player may decide to remove models equal to the difference between the rolled number
and the required number instead of Falling Back or Retreating.
As an example, a Libyan infantry band with a leader Guts of 6 is Pinned in a tree line (Light cover). The band
numbers 8 models. They are shot at with an HMG. No casualties are inflicted, but they must take a Guts check. 6 -3
(for the HMG MM) and +2 for the cover of the trees, means the Libyans must roll a 5 or less to pass, or they will have
to Fall Back. The player rolls a 7. The difference is 2. The player may decide to remove 2 models instead of Falling
nd
Back. He still has to place a 2 red marker on the unit for the failed test, but the unit does not have to move back 6”.
These are not normal casualties, and cannot be pulled from nearby friendly units.
Generally, Fanatical Defense would normally be applied to infantry only. Fanatical Defense and Disband are not to be
used together.
Fierce: These men are tough and aggressive fighters and have little hesitation about charging into the teeth of an
enemy position. Fierce units have a +1 bonus to their Guts when Charging.
Tenacity and Vengeance: The Ethiopians fighting in the Second Italo-Abyssinian War were tenacious. They were
poorly armed and equipped yet often fought stubbornly against the Italians. In close combat they could be vicious.
They also refused to leave the bodies of the fallen leaders behind. Because of these characteristics, Ethiopian tribal
forces gain a +1 CC score if they charge into close combat. If a tribal unit loses it’s leader, the rest of the force still
rolls for Initiative as if their leader was still alive. Also, for the next roll for Initiative on the turn after the leader is killed,
the Ethiopian force does not count pinned units against their Initiative score (they do count destroyed units however).
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Special Cavalry and Mule Mounted Infantry Rules: Some of the lists provided in the following pages are for
mounted platoons, mostly horse mounted cavalry, but also mule mounted infantry. The following rules are for these
types of troops. Use them with Italian cavalry, Libyan cavalry, and mounted Partisans.
Cavalry (Horse Mounted)
Note: Here is a synopsis for running Mounted Cavalry in your games:
Movement: 10” Maneuver, 20” Run. Cavalry may not Sneak. Unless stationary, they fire _ ROF, _ Range. This
speed is generous in a 25mm game, but in 15mm, reduce it as for infantry (ie, do NOT keep speed in inches like for
vehicles). May not enter Buildings, Bunkers, or Ruins while mounted.
Close Combat: CC is +2 if Mounted Cavalry initiate the melee. Also, Guts check for Charging is at +2 always.
Mounted Cavalry may not Charge an enemy in Buildings, Bunkers, or Ruins.
Cover: Whether in the Open, Concealment, or in Soft Cover, -1 ACC to Fire at. Mount offers some protection, but is
overall easier to see and target. In Medium Cover (including behind a Hedge or Wall) -2 ACC. Weather, Smoke,
Night modifiers as normal. Linear Obstacle modifiers as normal. Support Guns do NOT get their Support gun bonus
against Mounted Cavalry.
Dismounting: This takes full Activation, one model (you may choose more) from each cavalry section becomes a
handler, and then the rest of the models may function as standard infantry for the rest of the game. Cavalry may
remount, remounting takes a full Activation. If no model is selected to be a handler, or if the handler is killed, then
the horses are lost for the remainder of the battle, and the cavalry may not remount.
Mule Infantry (Mule Mounted)
Note: Here is a synopsis for running Mounted Mule Infantry in your games:
Movement: 9” Maneuver, 16” Run. Mule Infantry may not Sneak. Unless stationary, they fire at half ROF, half
Range. Mule Infantry may enter buildings and ruins while mounted, only through large openings or doors, but still
can not enter bunkers.
Close Combat: Mule Infantry gain no advantage in CC. Mounted Mule Infantry may not Charge, though they can
defend themselves as normal when charged by a foe.
Cover: Whether in the Open, Concealment, or in Soft Cover, -1 ACC to Fire at. Mount offers some protection, but is
overall easier to see and target. In Medium Cover (including behind a Hedge or Wall) -2 ACC. Weather, Smoke,
Night modifiers as normal. Linear Obstacle modifiers as normal. Support Guns do NOT get their Support gun bonus
against Mounted Cavalry.
Dismounting: This takes full Activation, one model from each section becomes a handler, and then the rest of the
models may function as standard infantry for the rest of the game. Mule Infantry may remount, remounting takes a
full Activation. If no model is selected to be a handler, or if the handler is killed, then the mules are lost for the
remainder of the battle, and the infantry may not remount.
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3. Italian Infantry Platoons and Support
The Abyssinian War (1935-1936)
On October 3rd, 1935 Mussolini invaded the country Abyssinia in Africa on the pretext of a border dispute
that he used to expand Italy's empire and claim military glory. Most African territories were claimed by European
powers unlike Abyssinia which offered Mussolini a chance of conquest and the opportunity to avenge the Italians
casualties suffered at Adowa years earlier where 100,000 Ethiopians destroyed an Italian army of 17,700 men and 56
field guns. The conquest of Abyssinia would join the two territories, Italian Somaliland and Eritrea, which were
already colonized by Italy. The League of Nations had failed in curbing Mussolini's ambition and France and Britain
still sought to retain Italy as an ally, leaving Abyssinia to its own defenses. Haile Sellassie, the Emperor of Abyssinia,
had been prepared and already mobilized an estimated 500,000 men to meet the expected invasion. Much of the
Abyssinian army was poorly equipped by standards of the time with around 200 pieces of antiquated artillery, 50 light
and heavy anti-aircraft guns, a few Ford based armored trucks, a couple old aircraft, some Fiat 3000 WW1 era tanks,
and infantry armed with just about every make of rifle or just spears and bows.
Generall De Bono moved the Italian army and Eritrean Askari into the Abyssinian frontier from the border of
Eritrea and marched towards Adigrat, Inticho, and Daro Tacle. The Northern Front involved the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th
Italian Army Corps and the Eritrean Army Corps, and included Italy's elite troops, the Alpini and Bersaglieri. There
was also a regiment of light tanks, both the CV 3/33 and CV 3/35, with an on paper strength of 165 tanks split
between three battalions. That same day three Italian infantry divisions and some colonial units led by General
Rodolfo Graziani attacked across the (disputed) border from Italian Somaliland. Both attacks took place without a
formal declaration of war.
By 4 October the Italian forcess in the north had successfully taken its three objectives and by 6 October
Italy had taken Adowa (Adwa) and claimed vengeance for the previous century's defeat. On 10 May 1936 Italian
forces from the Northern and Southern Fronts linked up at Dire Dawa, and the invasion was complete, Abyssinia was
now under Italian rule, and the three countries, Abyssinia, Italian Somaliland, and Eritrea, were federated together as
the colony of Italian East Africa (Africa Orientale Italiana, AOI).
Abyssinian (Ethiopian) War (1935-1936): Timeline of Major Battles and Campaigns
October 3, 1935: General Emilio De Bono advances into Ethiopia from Eritrea without declaration of War. De Bono
had a force of 100,000 Italian soldiers and 25,000 Eritrean soldiers under his command. A smaller force, under the
command of General Rodolfo Graziani, advances into Ethiopia from Italian Somaliland.
October 4 1935: Italians occupy Dolo Odo
October 6, 1935: Adwa was captured by De Bono's forces. The fortress of Gedlgube falls to the Italians; Italians
reach K`orahe minfield in the Ogaden Desert.
October 7, 1935: The League of Nations declares Italy the aggressor and started the slow process of imposing
sanctions.
October 10, 1935: Degiasmacc Haile Selassie Gugsa, commander of the Mek`ele sector defects to the Italians..
October 15, 1935: De Bono's forces moved on to capture the holy capital of Axum.
October 16, 1935: Salaclacca falls to Italians.
October 21, 1935: Sultan of Olol Dinle, the Somali ally of the Italians, occupies Geladi.
October 30, 1935: Southern Italian forces with the Abyssinians at River Dewa.
November 11, 1935: Southern Italian forces with the Abyssinians at Hamaniei.
November 25, 1935: Southern Italian forces with the Abyssinians at Lama Scillindi.
November 28, 1935: Italians bomb Degeh Bur. De Bono is replaced by General Pietro Badoglio because of the slow,
cautious nature of his advance. Haile Sellassie decides to test this new general with an attack, but his forces are
repelled due to the Italians' superiority in heavy weapons like machine guns and artillery.
December 15, 1935: Ethiopians counterattack the Italians at Dembeguina Pass forcing the Gran Sasso division to
withdraw and retake Scire area.
December 22, 1935: First Italian use of Mustard Gas.
December 31, 1935: The Italians have taken Denan.
January 12, 1936: Italians defeated the southern most Ethiopian army in the Battle of Genale Wenz.
January 16, 1936: Large scal desertions of Christian Askaris form Eritrean colonial battalions in Somalia, many join
the Ethiopians.
January 20, 1936: The Italians resumed their northern offensive at the First Battle of Tembien between the Warieu
Pass and Mek'ele. The fighting proved inconclusive and ended in a draw on January 24, thought the Ethipian
offensive is halted.
February 15, 1936: Following the capture of Amba Aradam (Battle of Enderta) the Italians advanced again on the
northern front, commencing the Second Battle of Tembien on 27 February. This resulted in an Italian victory and the
fall of Worq Amba.
March 31,1936: At the Battle of Maych'ew the Italians defeated a counteroffensive by the main Ethiopian army,
including the Imperial Guard, under Haile Selassie.
April 15, 1936: Italians take Warandab and Gorile.
May 2, 1936: Haile Selassie flees into exile.
May 5, 1936: Badoglio's forces take the capital, Addis Ababa.
May 6, 1936: Italians occupy Jijiga.
May 7, 1936: Italy annexes Abyssinia
May 8, 1936: Graziani's forces capture Harar
May 9, 1936: Italian king, Victor Emmanuel III, is proclaimed emperor.
8
Regio Esercito Rifle Platoon: Standard
Platoon Organization: Below is shown the number and type of units included in your platoon.
1 Platoon Command
1-3 Rifle Squads
0-2 Platoon Support
0-2 Company Support Teams
0-1 Outside Support
0-3 Total Vehicles
Motorized: If you are representing an Italian unit in one of the fully Motorized Divisions, or from one of the Divisions
which had been partially motorized, then keep the same structure and organization as above, but give each Rifle
squad the option of being mounted in a truck for +20 Points. If appropriate the same option can be extended to the
support units.
Regio Esercito Rifle Platoon Command

Command Team: Leads the platoon in battle and coordinates the actions of the squads.
Soldier ACC CC Guts Weapon Points: 12
Lieutenant 5 6 8 M1934 Beretta Pistol
Runner 5 6 4 M1891 Carcano
Add up to two Runners

Soldier ACC CC Guts Weapon Points: 8 each
Upgrade Lieutenant to M1891 Carcano +4

Upgrade Lieutenant to M1918 Beretta SMG +8
Regio Esercito Rifle Squad

Rifle Team: The maneuver element of the squad.
Corporal 5 6 5 M1891 Carcano
Private (x6) 5 6 4 M1891 Carcano
st
Upgrade Corporal to Sergeant, Guts 6 (1 squad only) Free
Upgrade Sergeant to M1918 Beretta SMG +5
Upgrade one Private to Breda LMG +16
Breda Gunner and one other Private may then form a separate 2 man LMG team.
If Breda option is not taken, upgrade one Private to OVP +4

Soldier ACC CC Guts Weapon
st
Upgrade one Private to Corporal, Guts 5 (1 squad only) Free
Regio Esercito Platoon Support: Light Mortar Team

45mm Brixia Mortar: Provides the platoon with light indirect fire support.
Corporal 5 6 5 M1934 Beretta
Gunner 5 6 4 45mm Mortar, M1934 Beretta
Loader 5 6 4 M1891 Carcano
Upgrade Corporal to M1918 Beretta SMG +4
9
Regio Esercito Platoon Support: HMG Squad
M1935 Fiat Revelli HMG: Provides the platoon with sustained fire support.
Sergeant 5 6 6 M1934 Beretta
HMG Gunner 5 6 4 M1935 Fiat Revelli HMG, M1934 Beretta
Add Ammunition Bearer 5 6 4 M1891 Carcano +8
Regio Esercito Company Support: Anti-Tank Rifle Team

Solothurn 20mm ATR: Provides the platoon with light anti-tank support.
Gunner 5 6 5 Solothurn 20mm, M1934 Beretta
Regio Esercito Company Support: Heavy Mortar Squad

81mm Mortar: Provides the platoon with heavy indirect fire support.
Regio Esercito Company Support: 47mm/32 ATG

47mm/32 ATG: Provides the platoon with light anti-tank support.
Gunner 5 6 4 47mm/32 ATG, M1934 Beretta
Regio Esercito Outside Support: 65/17mm IG

65/17mm IG: Provides the platoon with medium direct and indirect fire support.
Gunner 5 6 4 65mm/17 IG, M1934 Beretta
Loader(x2) 5 6 4 M1891 Carcano

Upgrade Gun to 75/13 IG or 75/27 IG -1
Regio Esercito Outside Support: Scout Squad

Can be used by the platoon to scout out enemy positions
Points: as per Scout Squad
See Scout Platoon list for details
Regio Esercito Outside Support: Engineer Squad

Can be used by the platoon to assault difficult enemy positions or fortifications as well as clear mines and obstacles
Points: as per Engineer Squad
See Engineer Platoon list for details
10
Camicie Nere (CCNN “Blackshirts”) Platoon: Green
1 Platoon Command
1-3 Rifle Squads
0-1 Platoon Support
0-1 Outside Support
0-3 Total Vehicles
Blackshirt Rifle Platoon Command



Blackshirt Rifle Squad

st
Upgrade one Private to Breda LMG * +14

st
*Note: More than one LMG per platoon was rare.
Blackshirt Platoon Support: Light Mortar Team

Blackshirt Platoon Support: HMG Squad

11
Blackshirt Company Support: Anti-Tank Rifle Team
Blackshirt Company Support: Heavy Mortar Squad

Blackshirt Company Support: 47mm/32 ATG

Blackshirt Outside Support: 65/17mm IG


12
Italian Askaris: Standard
1 Platoon Command
1-3 Rifle Squads
0-2 Platoon Support
Variable Guts: You may decide to field some Askari units as Green, while others such as the Dubats you may
decide to upgrade to Motivated.
Askari Rifle Platoon Command


Askari Rifle Squad

st

st
Askari Platoon Support: LMG Team

M1930 Breda LMG: Provides the platoon with fire support.
Gunner 5 6 4 M1930 Breda, M1934 Beretta
Replace Breda LMG with OVP -12
Askari Platoon Support: Light Mortar Team

Askari Platoon Support: HMG Squad

13
The Spanish Civil War (1936-1939)
"When the war in Spain is over, I shall have to have to find something else: the Italian character is formed
through fighting.” -Mussolini
"Today in Spain, tomorrow in Italy" was the warning issued by Mussolini at the outbreak of the Spanish Civil
War. As early as 1934 Nationalist Generals and sympathists had sent emissaries to Italy seeking military aid and
political representation globally. When in July of 1936 the Rebel Generals proclaimed their coup against the
Republican government of Spain, they found much of their Army isolated in North Africa. Franco used contacts
established with Italy to request aircraft to ferry his troops to the mainland.
Mussolini saw this as an opportunity that could bring military glory to Italy as well as extend Italy's influence
in the Mediterranean. He also sought to draw French troops away from Italy’s border in case of war. This war was an
opportunity to create an ally out of the exploratory relationship he currently possessed with Hitler. Transport aircraft to
ferry troops was provided as well as submarines that used Nationalist harbors to attack Republican shipping. After
the failed March on Madrid by General Franco, Mussolini pressured him into accepting an Italian army operating
under Italian command in addition to the vast amount of war material that they provided. This force was first formed in
Cadiz with about 3,000 troops under the name of "The Italian Army Mission" that by January of 1937 swelled to
44,000 soldiers now known as the "Corps of Volunteer Troops", Corpo Truppe Voluntarie or CTV. Many of these
troops had volunteered for work battalions that were supposed to be operating in the newly acquired Abyssinia
territory and were surprised to find themselves in fighting battalions in Spain.
The CTV was organized into 4 divisions: the Littorio Division which was a fully motorized army division, the
1st CCNN Division "Dio lo Vuole" (God wants it), the 2nd CCNN Division "Fiamme Nere" (Black Flames), and the 3rd
CCNN Division "Penne Nere" (Black Feathers). The CCNN, Camici Nere or Blackshirt, divisions contained regular
soldiers as well as fascist militia and were semi-motorized. The CTV also contained tank formations employing CV
33/35s, armored car squadrons using Lancia IZMMs, ten regiments of field artillery, and four anti-aircraft batteries.
Support was also provided by the Italian air force with pilots, technical personnel, and aircraft sent to Franco's forces.
The CTV was formed in secret from the Non-Intervention Pact with soldiers removing identifying patches
and Italian markings. This ruse was short lived and Italy was exposed after the failed attempt to lead a 4th offensive
against Madrid that resulted in the CTV"s defeat at Guadalajara. Italian military autonomy in Spain was not something
Franco desired and after Mussolini's failed Madrid offensive resulted in the CTV"s heavy losses in Guadalajara, the
Italians were no longer permitted to organize their own offensives.
Heavy losses at Guadalajara suffered by the three CCNN divisions resulted in them being reorganized into
two divisions and a special weapons group. The Littorio divisions did not suffer the heavy losses that the Blackshirts
had. As the CTV divisions took losses they began to serve in mixed Italo-Spanish Flechas (Arrow) units where the
Italians provided the officers and technical personnel, while the Spanish served in the rank-and-file.
In the end Mussolini received very little in return for the aid, much of the contracts and concessions went to
Germany. Italy had supplied large quantities of material and logistical support to the Nationalist cause. Over 4,000
Italians lost their lives in Spain, and an estimated quarter of their effective military material. By 1940 Nationalist Spain
was committed to a reconstruction period and had only paid a twentieth of their debt to Italy. This left Italian industry
unable to replace the loss in the short term, unlike the Germans, which resulted in deficits leaving them strongly
disadvantaged for the early portions of the Second World War.
Spanish Civil War (1936-1939): Timeline of Major Battles and Campaigns
July 1936: Luis Bolin flies on behalf of General Franco to Biarritz to ask the Italian government for 12 bombers, 3
fighters, and bombs.
October 24, 1936: Republican forces which attempted an amphibious attack against Majorca are attacked by Italian
air forces. Italians also launch their first air raid against Madrid.
December 12, 1936: After Franco’s failed March on Madrid, Mussolini consults with General Galeazzo Ciano and
General Mario Roatta and decides to send regular army forces to Spain. General Roatta is named Commander in
Chief of the Italian expeditionary force and Luigi Frusci his Deputy Commander.
December 23, 1936: The first 3,000 Italian troops land in Spain at Cadiz and are known as the Italian Army Mission.
January 1937: 44,000 Italian soldiers and members of the Fasci di Combattimento are in Spain. At the end of
February they are renamed the Corpo Truppe Volontarie or CTV.
March 8 to 23, 1937: The CTV leads a fourth offensive against Madrid which results in the Battle of Guadalajara.
This battle resulted in a decisive defeat of the CTV at the hands of a strong Republican counter offensive that
included Italian International Brigadiers. This was the last Italian command offensive, all others are led by Franco.
April to August 1937: The remnants of the CTV Blackshirt divisions are organized into mixed Italo-Spanish Arrow
Brigades that serve respectively in Extremadura and Viscaya.
August to September 1937: General Roatta is replaced by General Ettore Bastico. He leads the CTV forces
including the Division XXIII di Marzo in attacks against the Republicans at the Battle of Santander which resulted in a
victory for the Nationalists. Following the success they were transferred to the Aragon Front.
March 1938: The Flechas Negras Brigade was expanded into the Flechas Division serving in the Aragon Offensive
and the March to the Sea.
March 18, 1938: Barcelona is attacked by thirteen large-scale Italian air raids.
November 1938: The Flechas Divisions and Flechas Azules Brigade are expanded into three Flechas Divisions that
take part in the Catalonia Offensive, the last offensive of the war.
February 1939: The victory of Franco and the Nationalists over the Republicans is concluded and General Bastico
and the Italian volunteers withdraw from Spain.
14
Corpo Truppe Volontarie (CTV): Standard
1 Platoon Command
1-3 Rifle Squads
0-2 Platoon Support
0-1 Outside Support
0-3 Total Vehicles
support units.
CTV Rifle Platoon Command



CTV Rifle Squad

st

st
CTV Platoon Support: Light Mortar Team

15
CTV Platoon Support: HMG Squad
Add Ammunition Bearer 5 6 4 M1891 Carcano
CTV Company Support: Anti-Tank Rifle Team

CTV Company Support: Heavy Mortar Squad

CTV Company Support: 47mm/32 ATG

CTV Outside Support: 65/17mm IG


CTV Outside Support: Scout Squad

SMGs Are rare for this period for these units.
CTV Outside Support: Engineer Squad

SMGs Are rare for this period for these units.
16
Camicie Nere(CCNN “Blackshirts”) Platoon: Green
1 Platoon Command
1-3 Rifle Squads
0-1 Platoon Support
0-1 Outside Support
0-3 Total Vehicles
Special Rules: Disband (if Green).




st

st


17


Blackshirt Outside Support: 65/17mm IG


18
Italo-Spanish Flechas (Arrow) Platoon: Motivated
1 Rifle Section Command
1-3 Rifle Squads
0-1 Platoon Support
0-2 Company Support
0-2 Outside Support
0-2 Total vehicles
Fleches Rifle Platoon Command


Transport the Platoon Command in truck As per vehicle
Fleches Rifle Squad

st
1 Rifle Team: The maneuver element of the squad.
Sergeant 5 6 7 M1891 Carcano
nd
Upgrade one Private to M1930 Breda LMG +18

rd
Upgrade one Private to M1930 Breda LMG +18
Fleches Platoon Support: Light Mortar Team

Fleches Company Support: HMG Squad

19
Fleches Company Support: Heavy Mortar Squad
Fleches Company Support: 47mm/32 ATG

Fleches Outside Support: 65/17mm IG


20
World War II (1940-1945)
Regio Esercito Rifle Platoon: Motivated
This is the core of the Italian Infantry Divisions. These men fought under Mussolini from the earliest days until the
very end of the war. From 1943 onward they fought on both sides of the conflict. It was the Italian rifleman with his
trusty Carcano that bled and died for the glory of Mussolini’s new empire. At the platoon level, the Italian infantryman
was as good a soldier as any of the other major powers. He had the misfortune to be a part of an overall army
structure that lacked the logistics, leadership, and strategic goals to enable him to win his battles he fought so hard
for. The Italian rifle platoon structure is quite different from almost any of the other armies of WWII. There is also a
limited amount of info out there and much of what we do have is often contradictory. The platoon structure presented
below is the one we have settled on to represent the standard Italian rifle platoon of WWII.
Italian Coastal Divisions: Use the Regio Esercito list as is, but drop the Guts Scale to Green.
Corpo Italiano di Liberazione (CIL): These units make up the Italian forces that fought on the side of the Allies after
the Capitulation in 1943. Initially, they were formed of core units from the Regular Italian Army loyal to the King and
retained the same structure and weapons (with some changes unimportant here). Use the Regio Esercito list as is for
CIL units. Keep the Guts scale at Standard.
Army of the South (Co-Belligerent Units): After proving themselves to the Allies in combat around Monte Cassino
(and taking a lot of casualties), the Allies decided to expand on the CIL. Some units of the CIL were then given British
weapons and equipment. These forces included some of the Elite Alpini, Bersaglieri, and Folgore units. For these
units, use the Army of the South list presented below. Keep the Guts scale at Motivated or bump it down to
Standard.
1 Platoon Command
1-2 Rifle Squads
0-2 Platoon Support
0-1 Outside Support (0-2 if one of the choices is a scout squad)
0-3 Total Vehicles and Outside Support
Regio Esercito Rifle Platoon Command


Add Radioman (rare): A Radioman from the signaler pool attached to the Platoon Commander.
Soldier ACC CC Guts Weapon Points: +5
Radioman 5 6 5 Radio, M1934 Beretta Pistol
Upgrade Radioman to M1891 Carcano +5

Upgrade Radioman to M1938 Beretta SMG +9
21
Regio Esercito Rifle Squad
LMG Team: Provides the squad with a base of fire.
LMG Gunner 5 6 5 M1930 Breda
Ammunition Bearer 5 6 5 M1891 Carcano
Private 5 6 5 M1891 Carcano

Private 5 6 5 M1891 Carcano
LMG Gunner 5 6 5 M1930 Breda
Ammunition Bearer 5 6 5 M1891 Carcano
You may deploy both LMG Teams separately, or you may combine them into one 9 man LMG Team. They may not
be joined or split during the game.

Upgrade Corporal to M1938 Beretta SMG (rare) +5
Regio Esercito Platoon Support: Light Mortar Team

Regio Esercito Platoon Support: HMG Squad

Sergeant 5 6 7 M1938 Beretta SMG, M1934 Beretta
Regio Esercito Platoon Support: Sniper Team

Sniper Team: Provides the platoon with accurate and deadly sniper support.
Sniper 5 6 6 Scoped M1891 Carcano, M1934 Beretta
Spotter 5 6 5 M1891 Carcano
Upgrade Spotter to M1938 Beretta SMG +5
Regio Esercito Company Support: Anti-Tank Rifle Team

22
Regio Esercito Company Support: Heavy Mortar Squad
Regio Esercito Company Support: 47mm/32 ATG

Regio Esercito Outside Support:


Note: An Infantry Platoon May also take a single squad from the Engineer platoon list or the Scout platoon list. This
counts as one Outside Support choices.
Regio Esercito Outside Support: Scout Squad

Regio Esercito Outside Support: Engineer Squad

23
Camicie Nere(CCNN “Blackshirts”) Platoon: Green
1 Platoon Command
1-3 Rifle Squads
0-1 Platoon Support
0-1 Outside Support
0-3 Total Vehicles
M Battalions: These units were marked for special treatment by Mussolini and received assault training or had
proven themselves in combat. They wore a distinctive “M” badge modeled after Il Duces handwriting. For these units,
use the CCNN list as is, but change the Guts Scale to Standard.




st
If Breda option is not taken, upgrade one Private to M1938 Beretta SMG +4

st

24



Blackshirt Outside Support:


25
Army of the South
These are the units of the Italian Army which remained loyal to the King of Italy, but which sided with the
Allies after Mussolini was removed from power. Though the Allies were often initially distrustful of these Italian troops,
many of the men fought hard for their nation against the Germans and would win the respect of their new comrades.
After proving themselves in battle as part of the CIL, many Italian units were trained and equipped by the British and
often other than insignia, they looked like any other British unit fighting in Italy. For units of the Army of the South not
equipped by the British, use the regular Italian Army Platoon above.
Army of the South Small Arms:

Webley Revolver Pistol 10” 2 6 - -
Lee Enfield Rifle 30” 2 8 - -
Thompson or Sten SMG 15” 3 6 - -
Bren LMG LMG 48” 3 8 -2 -
Vickers HMG HMG 75” 5 8 -3 -
2” Light Mortar Mortar 10”+ 1 1 -1 Blast
3” Medium Mortar Mortar 12”+ 1 2 -2 Blast
Army of the South Infantry Anti-Tank Weapons

PIAT AT 24” 1 (2) +0 Blast
Army of the South Small Arms Anti-Tank Chart

Weapon Penetration
Type DM 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Pistol/SMG -3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Rifle/MG -3 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
PIAT +0 9 18 27 36 45 54 63 72 81 90
Army of the South Explosives Anti-Tank Chart

Weapon Penetration
Type Range DM 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Satchel Charge 6” +0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
1 Platoon Command
2-4 Rifle Squads
0-1 Sniper Team
0-3 Platoon Support
0-3 Total Vehicles and Outside Support (for other Outside support, see Regio Esercito list)
*Note: The ranks used in the list below are based on the American equivalent even though the platoon is a British structure with
British weapons.
26
Army of the South Rifle Platoon Command
Lieutenant 5 6 9 Webley Revolver
Staff Sergeant 5 6 8 Lee Enfield
Private (x2) 5 6 5 Lee Enfield
Upgrade Lieutenant to Thompson SMG or Sten SMG +9

Upgrade Lieutenant to Lee Enfield +5
Upgrade Staff Sergeant to Thompson SMG or Sten SMG +5
Add Radioman: A Radioman from the signaler pool attached to the Platoon Commander.
Radioman 5 6 5 Radio, Webley Revolver
Upgrade Radioman to Lee Enfield +5

Upgrade Radioman to Thompson SMG or Sten SMG +5
Army of the South Rifle Squad

Bren Team: Provides the squad with a base of fire.
Corporal 5 6 7 Lee Enfield
LMG Gunner 5 6 5 Bren LMG
Loader 5 6 5 Lee Enfield
Upgrade Sergeant to Thompson SMG or Sten SMG +5

Sergeant 5 6 6 Lee Enfield
Private (x6) 5 6 5 Lee Enfield
Upgrade Corporal to Thompson SMG or Sten SMG +5
Army of the South Platoon Support: Sniper Team

Sniper 5 6 6 Scoped Lee Enfield, Webley Revolver
Spotter 5 6 5 Lee Enfield
Upgrade Spotter to Scoped Lee Enfield +9

Upgrade Spotter to Thompson SMG or Sten SMG +5
Army of the South Platoon Support: Bren Team

Bren LMG: Provides the platoon with extra fire support.
Gunner 5 6 6 Bren LMG, Webley Revolver
Army of the South Platoon Support: 2” Light Mortar Team

2” Light Mortar Team: Provides the platoon with light indirect fire support and smokescreen.
Gunner 5 6 6 2” Mortar, Webley Revolver
Army of the South Platoon Support: PIAT Team

Bren LMG: Provides the platoon with extra fire support.
Gunner 5 6 6 PIAT, Webley Revolver
27
Army of the South Company Support: HMG Squad
Vickers HMG: Provides the platoon with sustained fire support.
Sergeant 5 6 7 Webley Revolver
HMG Gunner 5 6 5 Vickers HMG, Webley Revolver
Add Ammunition Bearer 5 6 5 Lee Enfield +9
Army of the South Company Support: Medium Mortar Squad

3” Mortar: Provides the platoon with medium indirect fire support.
Gunner 5 6 5 3” Mortar, Webley Revolver
Add Ammunition Bearer 5 6 5 Lee Enfield +9
Army of the South Outside Support: 6lber ATG

6lber ATG: Provides the platoon with light AT fire support.
Gunner 5 6 5 6lber ATG, Webley Revolver
Note: An Infantry Platoon May also take a single squad from the Engineer platoon list or the Scout platoon list. This
counts as one Outside Support choice.
Army of the South Outside Support: Scout Squad

Army of the South Outside Support: Engineer Squad

Army of the South Support Weapons
6lber Light AT Gun Points 40

Assigned Crew Size: 3 (Minimum Crew needed to operate: 1)
Commander 2 pistols, 1 rifle
Gunner Weapon Type Range ROF AP MM DM Special
Crewman 6lber ATG AT 48” 1 1 -1 -1 -
Features Main Gun Penetration
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 6lber 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 110
Note: this AT may not move and fire. It may not fire Indirectly. Apply all modifiers as normal.
28
Esercito Nazionale Repubblicano (ENR): Elite
These are the units which remained loyal to Mussolini and the newly formed RSI after he was rescued by
the Germans and restored to a marginalized power. The men had been captured and disarmed by the Germans and
sent to work camps in Germany. Most of them decided to return to fight for the Germans rather than stay prisoners.
They often paid a high price for this loyalty to their Axis partner and Il Duce as many of them were executed by the
Allied Italians after being captured. These units were trained and equipped in Germany and followed a late war
German platoon structure. Exceptions include the Alpini and Bersaglieri units who retained their former structure, but
were sometimes equipped with German weapons. Of course, not all weapons were German, so if players choose to
do so, they can keep the regular Italian weapons in their platoon or use a mix of weapons.
Alpini and Bersaglieri Units of the ENR: Use the Alpini and Bersaglieri list below. Optional: replace weapons with
German weapons.
Para Units of the ENR: Use the Paracadutisti list as is. Use German weapon options within the list or replace all
weapons with German weapons.
a a
*Decima Mas: The Decima Mas (or X Mas) was formed from the nucleus of the 10 Flottiglia Motoscafo Anti-
th
Sommergibile (10 Anti-Submarine Motorboat Flotilla). It expanded into an autonomous Division sized unit under the
command of Prince Julio Borghese. It was a tough unit that was well trained and equipped, with some of the units
being trained in Germany. The Division became a mix of Infantry, Para, and specialist troops such as engineers and
was most often employed in anti-partisan duties. For this unit, use the ENR list as is, but change the Guts scale to
Elite.
Guardia Nazionale Repubblicana (GNR), and Brigate Nere (Black Brigades): These units were the remnants of
old CCNN units whose loyalty to Il Duce was firm. They were to become the new state security forces in the RSI.
Their duties were mostly anti-partisan and security, but some of the men fought against Allied forces. Use the CCNN
list above for GNR and Black Brigade units. The Gut score remains the same.
th
29 Waffen-Grenadier Regiment der SS: This unique unit was made up of Italian volunteers. Use the ENR list as
is, but upgrade the squad with the second LMG team. This unit was most likely equipped with Italian weapons.
ENR Small Arms:

Luger Pistol 10” 2 6 - -
Kar-98k Rifle 30” 2 8 - -
M1938 Beretta SMG 15” 3 6 - -
MP-40 SMG 15” 3 6 - -
MG-34 LMG LMG 48” 4 8 -2 -
MG-34 HMG HMG 75” 6 8 -3 -
MG-42 LMG LMG 48” 5 8 -2 -
MG-42 HMG HMG 75” 8 8 -3 -
8cm Mortar Mortar 18”+ 1 3 -2 Blast
ENR Infantry Anti-Tank Weapons

ENR Small Arms Anti-Tank Chart

Weapon Penetration
Type DM 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Pistol/SMG -3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Rifle/MG -3 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
Panzerfaust 60/100 +1 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
ENR Explosives Anti-Tank Chart

Weapon Penetration
Type Range DM 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Satchel Charge 6” +0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
29
1 Platoon Command
2-3 Rifle Squads
0-1 Sniper Team
0-3 Total Vehicles and Outside Support (for outside support, see Regio Esercito list)
ENR Platoon Command

Lieutenant 5 6 10 MP-40, Luger
Staff Sergeant 5 6 9 Kar-98k
Private (x4) 5 6 6 Kar-98k
Upgrade Staff Sergeant to MP-40 +5

Add Panzerfaust 60 or 100 +22/28
Upgrade Private to Radioman

Radioman 5 6 7 Radio, Kar-98k
Upgrade Radioman to MP-40 +5
ENR Squad
Sergeant 5 6 8 MP-40, Luger
LMG Gunner 5 6 6 MG-42 LMG, Luger
Loader 5 6 6 Kar-98k
Add Panzerfaust 60 or 100 +22/28 each

Corporal 5 6 7 MP-40
Private (x5) 5 6 6 Kar-98k
Upgrade one Private with MG-42 LMG +40

Upgrade Private with Rifle Grenade HE +0
Add Panzerfaust 60 or 100 +22/28 each
Add AT Rifle Grenades +16 each
Sniper Team
Sniper: Independent teams operating along the front to kill officers, NCO’s, and weapon crews.
Sniper 5 6 7 Scoped Kar-98k
Spotter 5 6 6 Kar-98k
Upgrade Scoped Kar98-k to Scoped G-43 +5
Company Support: HMG Squad

MG-42 HMG: Provides the platoon with sustained fire support.
HMG Gunner 5 6 6 MG-42 HMG, Luger
Add Ammunition Bearer 5 6 6 Kar-98k +10
30
Company Support: Heavy Mortar Squad
8cm Mortar: Provides the platoon with heavy indirect fire support.
Gunner 5 6 6 8cm Mortar, Luger
Add Ammunition Bearer 5 6 6 Kar-98k +10
Company Support: Recon Squad

Recon Squad: Aggressive Recon squads operated along the front to scout enemy positions.
LMG Gunner 5 6 6 MG-42, Luger
Private (x2) 5 6 6 MP-40
ENR Outside Support: Scout Squad

ENR Outside Support: Engineer Squad

Strattegia y Tattica miniatures painted by Jayson Gardner
31
Elites and Specialists (All Theaters)
Bersaglieri Platoon: Elite
1 Bersaglieri Platoon Command
1-3 Bersaglieri Squads
0-2 Platoon Support
0-2 Outside Support
0-3 Total Vehicles
support units. These vehicles do not count against the units total.
Bicycle: For Bersaglieri units deployed as cyclists, simply add a bicycle for each man in the platoon for free. The
units may not fight from their bicycles. A unit may begin the game mounted and can move as normal infantry, but
their Run move may be up to 12” instead of the normal 9”. On any turn that a unit moves while mounted on a bicycle,
they may do nothing else during that Activation. A unit can dismount from their bicycles at any time during their turn,
but may not move after dismounting, nor shoot during that Activation.
Motorcycle: Some Bersalgieri units may be mounted on the appropriate mix of motorcycles and motorcycles with
sidecars. The unit structure and weapons remain the same. Follow the rules for using motorcycles as normal.
Pre-WWII Weapons: The M1938 Beretta SMG is not available to Bersaglieri platoons until WWII. For players using
the Bersaglieri in the Abyssinian War of the Spanish Civil War, replace the M1938 Beretta SMG with the M1918
version, and restrict its use to squad leader only, or restrict it entirely. Also, do not upgrade rifle squads with the extra
Breda LMG.
Bersaglieri Platoon Command



Bersaglieri Squad
st

Upgrade one Private to Breda LMG (Rare) +20

st
Bersaglieri Platoon Support: Light Mortar Team

32
Bersaglieri Platoon Support: HMG Squad
Bersaglieri Company Support: Anti-Tank Rifle Team

Bersaglieri Company Support: Heavy Mortar Squad

Bersaglieri Company Support: 47mm/32 ATG

Bersaglieri Outside Support: 65/17mm IG


Bersaglieri Outside Support: Scout Squad

Bersaglieri Outside Support: Engineer Squad

33
Alpini Platoon: Elite
1 Alpini Platoon Command
1-3 Alpini Squads
0-2 Platoon Support
0-2 Outside Support
Mules: The Alpini Platoon may transport all of their equipment on Mules. These are merely for the equipment to be
transported and play no role in the game.
Mountain Units: The Italians also fielded “Mountain” trained units. These were not true Alpini, but were trained and
equipped to be able to be transported more easily in rough and mountainous terrain. Their training did not include
special mountaineering skills and they did not have the same traditions and level of élan as the Alpini. Use the
standard Italian Infantry platoon for these units.
Pre-WWII Weapons: The M1938 Beretta SMG is not available to Alpini platoons until WWII. For players using the
Alpini in the Abyssinian War of the Spanish Civil War, replace the M1938 Beretta SMG with the M1918 version, and
restrict its use to squad leader only, or restrict it entirely. Also, do not upgrade rifle squads with the extra Breda LMG.
Alpini Platoon Command

Runner 5 6 6 M1938 Carcano Carbine

Runner 5 6 6 M1938 Carcano Carbine

Alpini Squad
st


st
Alpini Platoon Support: Light Mortar Team

34
Alpini Platoon Support: HMG Squad
Alpini Company Support: Anti-Tank Rifle Team

Alpini Company Support: Heavy Mortar Squad

Alpini Company Support: 47mm/32 ATG

Alpini Outside Support: 65/17mm IG


Alpini Outside Support: Scout Squad

Alpini Outside Support: Engineer Squad

35
Paracadutisti Platoon: Elite
1 Paracadutisti Platoon Command
2-3 Paracadutisti Squads
0-1 Sniper Team
0-3 Support Teams
1 Vehicle/Tank
Paracadutisti Platoon Command

Lieutenant 5 5 10 M1938 Beretta, Pistol
Staff Sergeant 5 5 9 M1938 Beretta, Pistol
Private (x2) 5 5 6 M1891 Carcano, Pistoll
Upgrade Private to M1938 Beretta SMG +5

One Private may carry a Panzerfaust 60 +22
Add Radioman
Radioman 5 5 6 M1891 Carcano, Pistol
Upgrade Radioman to M1938 Beretta SMG +10
Add LMG Team

Gunner 5 5 6 M1930 Breda LMG, Pistol
Private 5 5 6 M1891 Carcano, Pisto

Upgrade Gunner to MG-42 LMG +20
Paracadutisti Squad
LMG Team: The base of fire for the squad.
Sergeant 5 5 8 M1938 Beretta, Pistol
Private (x2) 5 5 6 M1891 Carcano, Pistol

Add up to 2x Privates +10 each
LMG Team: The base of fire for the squad.

Corporal 5 5 7 M1938 Beretta, Pistol
Private (x2) 5 5 6 M1891 Carcano, Pistol

Add up to 2x Privates +10 each
One Private may carry a Panzerfaust 60 +22
Paracadutisti Platoon Support: HMG Squad

HMG Squad: Provides the platoon with sustained fire support.
Corporal 5 5 7 M1938 Beretta, Pistol
Gunner 5 5 6 M1935 Fiat Revelli HMG, Pistol
Private 5 5 6 M1891 Carcano, Pistol
36
Paracadutisti Platoon Support: 47/32 ATG
47/32 Anti-tank Gun Team
Corporal 5 5 7 M1891 Carcano, Pistol
Gunner 5 5 6 47/32 ATG, Pistol
Paracadutisti Platoon Support: Light Mortar Team

45mm Light Mortar Team: Provides the platoon with light indirect fire support.
Gunner 5 5 6 45mm Mortar, Pistol
Paracadutisti Platoon Support: Heavy Mortar Squad

81/14 Heavy Mortar Team: Provides the platoon with Heavy indirect fire support.
Gunner 5 5 6 81/14 Mortar, Pistol
Paracadutisti Sniper Team

Sniper 5 5 6 M1891 Scoped Carcano, Pistol
Corporal 5 5 7 M1891 Scoped Carcano, Pistol
Upgrade Corporal to M1938 Beretta SMG Free
37
Scout Platoon: Standard
1 Platoon Command
1-3 Scout Squads
0-2 Support
Pre-WWII Weapons: The M1938 Beretta SMG is not available to Scout platoons until WWII. For players using the
Scout platoon in the Abyssinian War of the Spanish Civil War, replace the M1938 Beretta SMG with the M1918
version, and restrict its use to squad leader only, or restrict it entirely.
Scout Platoon Command


Upgrade 1 Runner to Radioman

Radioman 5 5 6 M1891 Carcano, M1934 Beretta Pistol

Scout Squad
Upgrade Corporal to Sergeant, Guts 6 Free

Upgrade one Private to M1930 Breda +16

Upgrade one Private to Corporal, Guts 5 Free

Squad Options:
Mount in Motorcycles Per vehicle
Mount in truck Per vehicle
Scout Support: Light Mortar Team

Scout Support: HMG Squad

Sergeant 5 6 6 M1938 Beretta SMG, M1934 Beretta
38
Engineer Platoon: Standard
1 Platoon Command
1-3 Engineer Squads
1-2 Support
Pre-WWII Weapons: The M1938 Beretta SMG is not available to Engineer platoons until WWII. For players using the
Engineer platoon in the Abyssinian War of the Spanish Civil War, replace the M1938 Beretta SMG with the M1918
version, and restrict its use to squad leader only, or restrict it entirely.
Engineer Platoon Command


Soldier ACC CC Guts Weapon Points: +8 each

Engineer Squad
Upgrade Corporal to Sergeant, Guts 6 Free

Upgrade Sergeant to M1938 Beretta +4
Upgrade one Private to M1930 Breda +16

Upgrade one Private to Corporal, Guts 5 Free

Squad Options:
Upgrade 0-2 additional models with M1938 Beretta SMG +4 each
Equip entire squad with Explosives as listed above +16
Upgrade 0-1 Private to Flamethrower and M1934 Pistol +24
Engineer Support: Light Mortar Team

Engineer Support: HMG Squad

39
Cavalry Platoon (Celere): Motivated
1 Platoon Command
1-4 Cavalry Squads
0-2 Platoon Support
0-1 Outside Support
0-3 Total Vehicles
Note: Support units are not mounted.
Celere Platoon Command

Lieutenant 5 6 9 M1934 Beretta Pistol, Saber
Runner 5 6 6 M1938 Carcano Carbine, Saber

Runner 5 6 6 M1938 Carcano Carbine, Saber
Upgrade Lieutenant to M1938 Carcano Carbine +5

One model in the unit must be the designated Horse Holder when the unit is dismounted
Celere Squad
Corporal 5 6 6 M1934 Beretta, Saber
Private (x4) 5 6 5 M1938 Carcano Carbine
st
Upgrade Corporal or Sergeant to M1938 Beretta SMG +9
One model in the team must be the designated Horse Holder when the unit is dismounted

Private (x5) 5 6 5 M1938 Carcano Carbine, Saber
st
One model in the team must be the designated Horse Holder when the unit is dismounted
Celere Platoon Support: Light Mortar Team

Loader 5 6 5 M1938 Carcano Carbine
Celere Platoon Support: HMG Squad

Sergeant 5 6 7 M1938 Carcano Carbine
Add Ammunition Bearer 5 6 5 M1938 Carcano Carbine +9
40
Celere Company Support: Anti-Tank Rifle Team
Celere Company Support: Heavy Mortar Squad

Add Ammunition Bearer 5 6 5 M1938 Carcano Carbine +9
Celere Company Support: 47mm/32 ATG

Loader(x2) 5 6 5 M1938 Carcano Carbine
Celere Outside Support: 65/17mm IG

Loader(x2) 5 6 5 M1938 Carcano Carbine

41
4. Italian Artillery
Anti-Aircraft Guns
20/65 Breda, Very Light AA/AT Dual Purpose Gun Points 17

Commander 2 pistols
- 20mm Breda AA/AT 60” 2 1 -1 -2 AA: 0.50
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 20mm 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
Note: this AA/AT Gun may not move and fire. It may not fire Indirectly. Apply all modifiers as normal.
20/77 Scotti, Very Light AA Gun Points 19

Commander 2 pistols
- 20mm Scotti AA 60” 1 1 -1 -2 AA: 0.50
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 20mm 4 9 13 18 22 26 31 35 40 44
Note: this AA Gun may not move and fire. It may not fire Indirectly. Apply all modifiers as normal.
37/54 Breda, Twin Barrel Light AA Gun Points 29

Crewman Twin 37mm* AA 60” 2 1 -1 -1 AA: 2
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 37mm 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Note: this AA may not move and fire. It may not fire Indirectly. Apply all modifiers as normal.
*Weapon gains Co-Axial Bonus, +1 Aquire/+1 Fire upto 60”.
75/27 CK Krupp, Medium AA Gun Points 36

Commander 2 pistols, 2 rifles
2 Gun Crew 75/27 AA AA 60” 1 2 -2 +0 AA: 3
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 75mm 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
75/46 M34 Ansaldo, Medium AA/AT Dual Purpose Gun Points 56

2 Gun Crew 75/46 AA/AT 60” 1 2 -2 +0 AA: 3
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 75mm 13 26 39 52 65 78 91 104 117 130
42
75/50 M37 Skoda, Medium AA Gun Points 40
2 Gun Crew 75/50 AA 60” 1 2 -2 +0 AA: 3
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 75mm 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
90/53 Ansaldo, Heavy AA/AT Dual Purpose Gun Points 88

4 Gun Crew 90/53 AA 60” 1 3 -2 +1 AA: 4
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 90mm 22 44 66 88 110 132 154 176 198 220
102/35, Very Heavy AA/AT Dual Purpose Gun Points 100

4 Gun Crew 102/35 AA/AT 60" 1 4 -3 +2 AA: 4
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 102mm 17 34 51 68 20 24 28 32 36 40
Anti-Tank Guns
37/45, German 3.7cm PaK, Light AT Gun Points 33

Crewman 37/45 AT 48” 1 1 -1 -1 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 37/45 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70
47/32 M35, Light AT Gun Points 33

Crewman 47/32 AT 48” 1 1 -1 -1 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 47mm 7 15 22 30 37 44 52 59 67 74
43
Field Guns
75/18 M34, M35 Medium Field Gun Early Points 52 Late Points 57
2 Gun Crew 75/18 FG 24” 1 2 -2 +0 Indirect
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 75 Early 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
- 75 Late 9 17 26 34 43 51 60 68 77 85
th
Note: this Field Gun may not move and fire. It may Fire directly at ranges up to its 5 range increment (120), but must
Acquire and Fire as normal, with all normal modifiers. It may Fire Indirectly at ranges over 12” (Medium MR).
75/27 M06, Medium Field Gun Points 52

2 Gun Crew 75/27 FG FG 24” 1 2 -2 +0 Indirect
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 75mm 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
th
75/27 M12 Krupp, Medium Field Gun Points 52

Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 75mm 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
th
75/32 M37 Medium FG/AT Dual Purpose Gun Early Points 46 Late Points 57
2 Gun Crew 75/32 FG/AT 24” 1 2 -2 +0 Indirect
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 75 Early 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
- 75 Late 9 17 26 34 43 51 60 68 77 85
th
75mm French mle 1897, Medium Field Gun Points 52

2 Gun Crew 75mm ml1897 FG 48” 1 2 -2 +0 Indirect
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 75mm 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
th
44
100/17, Very Heavy Field Gun Early Points 100 Late Points 111
4 Gun Crew 100/17 FG 24" 1 4 -3 +2 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 100 Early 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
- 100 Late 9 17 26 34 43 51 60 68 77 85
th
Acquire and Fire as normal, with all normal modifiers. It may Fire Indirectly at ranges over 24” (Very Heavy MR).
100/22, Very Heavy Field Gun Early Points 100 Late Points 112
4 Gun Crew 100/22 FG 48" 1 4 -3 +2 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 100 Early 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
- 100 Late 9 17 26 34 43 51 60 68 77 85
th
105mm French mle 1913, Very Heavy Field Gun Points 100
4 Gun Crew 105mm ml1913 FG 48" 1 4 -3 +2 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 105mm 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
th
105/28 Ansaldo, Very Heavy Field Gun Early Points 100 Late Points 115
4 Gun Crew 105/28 FG 48" 1 4 -3 +2 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 105 Early 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
- 105 Late 10 20 31 41 51 61 71 82 92 102
th
105/32 Skoda, Very Heavy Field Gun Points 100

4 Gun Crew 105/32 FG 48" 1 4 -3 +2 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 105mm 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
th
45
120/21 and 120/25, Super Heavy Field Gun Points 153
6 Gun Crew 120 FG 24” 1 5 -3 +3 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 120mm 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
th
Acquire and Fire as normal, with all normal modifiers. It may Fire Indirectly at ranges over 30” (Super Heavy MR).
120/40, Super Heavy Field Gun Points 154

6 Gun Crew 120/40 FG 48” 1 5 -3 +3 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 120mm 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
th
Acquire and Fire as normal, with all normal modifiers. It may Fire Indirectly at ranges over 30” (Super Heavy MR).
149/12 M14, 149/13 M12, and 149/19 M37, Extra Heavy Field Gun Points 186
6 Gun Crew 149 FG 24” 1 6 -4 +4 Indirect
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 149mm 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
th
Acquire and Fire as normal, with all normal modifiers. It may Fire Indirectly at ranges over 30” (Extra Heavy MR).
149/35 and 149/40, Extra Heavy Field Gun Points 187

Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 149mm 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
th
152/13, Extra Heavy Field Gun Points 186

Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 152mm 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
th
152/37, Extra Heavy Field Gun Points 187

Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 152mm 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
th
46
210/22, Naval 1 Field Gun Points 233
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 210mm 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
th
Acquire and Fire as normal, with all normal modifiers. It may Fire Indirectly at ranges over 36” (Naval 1 MR).
Infantry Guns
65/17 M13, Medium Infantry Gun Early Points 46 Late Points 53

2 Gun Crew 65/17 IG 24” 1 2 -2 +0 Indirect
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 65 Early 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
- 65 Late 7 13 20 26 33 39 46 52 59 65
Note: this Infantry Gun may not move and fire. At ranges up to 24” it must fire directly, but does not need to Acquire
when firing at Infantry or Artillery (ie, fires as if Small Arms, but can not move). At ranges over 24” it must fire Indirectly
th
unless it chooses to Fire Directly at a Vehicle. It may Fire directly at Vehicle targets as normal, up to the 5 Range
Increment (120) but must Acquire with all normal modifiers before Firing at a vehicle.
75/13 M15, Medium Infantry Gun Points 46

Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 75mm 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
th
75/27 M11, Medium Infantry Gun Points 46

Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 75mm 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
th
Large Caliber Artillery

Siege Mortars Points NA
Weapon Class Type Typical # ROF AP MM DM Special
210/8 Siege Mortar Naval 1 M 1 1 7 -5 +5 Indirect
Naval Guns Points NA
Weapon Class Type Typical # ROF AP MM DM Special
100/47 Very Heavy N 2 or 3 1 4 -3 +2 Indirect
120/50, 135/45 Super Heavy N 2 or 3 1 5 -3 +3 Indirect
152/55 Extra Heavy N 2 1 6 -4 +4 Indirect
203/50, 203/53 Naval 1 N 2 1 7 -5 +5 Indirect
320/43, 320/44 Naval 2 N 3 1 8 -6 +6 Indirect
381/50 Naval 3 N 3 1 9 -7 +7 Indirect
47
5. Italian Vehicles
Italian Tanks and Semoventes: The Italians would find themselves outclassed in tank engagements on almost all
fronts. Only very early in the war would they experience something close to parity against British armored vehicles.
All too soon, however, British designs would surpass them. The armor of the Soviets, and the armor the Americans
soon brought into the war, was already beyond anything the Italians would be able to field at any time in World War II.
Most of the Italian designs were sound enough, but they were behind the technological curve. Despite this, the
Italians crews fought bravely. It is hard to imagine struggling in a CV33 against T-34s, Matilda IIs, or Shermans. Yet,
this is exactly what hundreds of Italian servicemen did.
Italian Armored Cars: The Italian armored cars, and closely related (but unarmored) Sahariana scout trucks were
widely considered first notch vehicles. Rugged, durable, and practical, these were respected by their foes. The
Italians found ample opportunity to employ them in North Africa, but also on other fronts.
Italian Trucks and Portees: Like virtually every other army in World War II, the Italians went to war with every type
of motor vehicle they could grab. The trucks section lists many different types…but those listed here are only some of
the more important ones. Likewise, the Portees section lists a number of vehicles. Some will seem redundant, but not
all possible gun/truck combinations are listed. For example, it seems that the 20/65 Breda could be found mounted on
almost any captured truck, and many Italian ones too. In any case, if you are fielding a Portee not listed, please select
the data card that is the closest match.
Early Tank Designs
Fiat 2000 Points 30

Light Turretless Tank 1923, Rare DM: +1
Speed Location D10 Front D10 Side D10 Rear
Slow 2” Track 1-2 15 AV 1-3 15 AV 1-2 15 AV
Medium 3” Lower Hull 3-6 15 AV 4-6 15 AV 3-6 15 AV
Fast 4” Upper Hull 7-9 20 AV 7-10 20 AV 7-10 20 AV
Hull Crew Mantle 10 18 AV - - Top 10 AV
Commander
Driver Weapon Location Range ROF AP MM DM Special
65/17 Crew x2 65/17 Main Gun 24” 1 2 -2 +0 -
Lt MG Crew x3 3x 6.5mm MG Right Side 48” 4 ea 8 -2 -3 Right 180
Rt MG Crew x3 3x 6.5mm MG Left Side 48” 4 ea 8 -2 -3 Left 180
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
“Rear” Machinegun 65mm 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
Note: this vehicle is defined as a “Light Turretless Tank” to denote its frailty and inability to overrun other vehicles. The
turret was inadequate, so the vehicle does not get the normal traverse advantage. Each of the MGs may only fire into the
180 on one side. Only one side of 3x MG may be fired directly ahead on each turn, meaning at the same target as the
main gun (dedicated fire still applies). However, this vehicle has a Rear Machinegun.
Fiat 3000 M21 Points 25

Tankette 1921, Rare DM: +2
Fast 10” Upper Hull 7 22 AV 7 11 AV 7 10 AV
Turret Crew Turret 8-9 20 AV 8-10 12 AV 8-10 10 AV
Commander Mantle 10 18 AV - - Top 8 AV
Hull Crew
Features Twin 6.5mm Main Gun 48” 6 8 -4 -3 -
Basic Sights Main Gun Penetration
- D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 6.5mm 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
48
Hull Crew
Features 37mm Main Gun 48” 1 1 -1 -1 -
- D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 37mm 4 7 11 14 18 21 25 28 32 35
L5/21 Anticarro Points 29

Light Tank 1930, Rare DM: +1
-
Hull Crew Weapon Location Range ROF AP MM DM Special
Driver 37mm Main Gun 48” 1 1 -1 -1 -
Features Twin 8mm Hull 48” 6 8 -4 -3 -
- D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 37mm 4 7 11 14 18 21 25 28 32 35
L5/21 Points 25
-
Driver Twin 8mm Main Gun 48” 6 8 -4 -3 -
Features - - - - - - - -
- D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 8mm 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
Armored Cars
AB40 Autoblinda Points 25

Armored Car, Small 1940, Rare DM: +1
Slow 8” Tires 1-2 15 AV 1-3 15 AV 1-2 15 AV
Hull Crew
Alt Driver Twin 8mm Main Gun 48” 6 8 -4 -3 -
Radioman 8mm Breda Hull 48” 4 8 -2 -3 -
Features - - - - - - - -
Radio D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Rear Machinegun 8mm 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
49
Armored Car, Small 1940, Common DM: +1
Hull Crew
Alt Driver 20/65 Breda Main Gun 48” 1 1 -1 -2 -
Radioman 8mm Breda Co-Axial 48” 4 8 -2 -3 +1 Acq / Fire
Features 8mm Breda Hull 48” 4 8 -2 -3 -
Radio D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+

Armored Car, Small 1944, Rare DM: +1
Hull Crew
Alt Driver 47/40 Main Gun 48” 1 1 -2 -1 -
Radioman 8mm Breda Co-Axial 48” 4 8 -2 -3 +1 Acq / Fire
Radio D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Note: This vehicle’s participation in WWII under Italian control is speculative.
AS 42 Sahariana MG Only Points 25

Light Open Topped Transport, Small 1942, Uncommon DM: +2
Hull Crew All weapons may fire 360º. The vehicle may purchase an extra 8mm MG for +15 points.
2 Gunners 8mm Breda Pintle 48” 4 8 -2 -3 AA: (.2)
(0-3 extra crew)* 8mm Breda Pintle 48” 4 8 -2 -3 AA: (.2)
Radio D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 8mm 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
*You may purchase extra rifle armed crew, maximum of three, at +10 points each. These may dismount.
AS 42 Sahariana 20mm Solothurn ATR Points 27

Light Open Topped Transport, Small 1942, Rare DM: +2
2 Gunners 20mm Solo Main Gun 48” 1 1 -1 -2 -
Radio D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 20mm 5 9 14 18 23 27 32 36 41 45
50
AS 42 Sahariana 20/65 Breda AA Gun Points 35
2 Gunners 20mm Breda Main Gun 60” 2 1 -1 -2 AA: 0.50
Radio D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 20mm 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
AS 42 Sahariana 47/32 Anti Tank Gun Points 42

Hull Crew All weapons may fire 360º.
2 Gunners 47/32 Main Gun 48” 1 1 -1 -1 -
Radio D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 47mm 7 15 22 30 37 44 52 59 67 74
Lancia 1ZM 1915 Points 28

Armored Car, Small 1915, Rare DM: + 1
3x Gunners
Driver 2x Maxim Main Gun 48” 4 ea 8 -2 -3 -
Loader Maxim Ind Turret 48” 4 8 -2 -3 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- Maxim 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
rd
Note: This vehicle sports a large turret with 2 separate Maxims, and a smaller turret on top with a 3 Maxim. Dedicated
Fire still prevails, so all must fire at the same target.
Lancia 1ZM 1917 Points 25

2x Gunners
Driver 2x Etienne Main Gun 48” 4 ea 8 -2 -3 -
2x Loader - - - - - - - -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
51
Lancia Tipo Libia ( or Tipo Tripoli) Points 25
Armored Car, Open Topped, Small 1940, Rare DM: + 1
Gunner
Driver 12.7mm Sar Pintle 60” 4 9 -3 -3 AA: .25
2x Loader - - - - - - - -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Rear Machinegun 12.7mm 2 4 7 9 11 13 15 18 20 22
Fiat AB 611 Points 25

Gunner
Crewman - - - - - - - -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Fiat AB 611 Anticarro Points 33

Gunner
Driver 37/40 VT Hull 48” 1 1 -2 -1 -
Crewman - - - - - - - -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Lince Points 25
Armored Car, Open Topped, Small 1943, Uncommon DM: + 1
Commander
Gunner Weapon Location Range ROF AP MM DM Special
Radio D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 8mm 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
52
Tankettes
CV 29 Points 25
Tankette, Turretless 1929, Rare DM: +2
Commander
- 6.5mm Br Hull 48” 4 8 -2 -3 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 6.5mm 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
CV 33 ( L3/33 ) Single MG Points 25

Tankette, Turretless 1933, Common DM: +2
Commander
- 6.5mm MG Hull 48” 4 8 -2 -3 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 6.5mm 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
CV 35 ( L3/35 ) Twin MG Points 25

Tankette, Turretless 1933, Common DM: +2
Commander
- Twin 8mm Hull 48” 6 8 -4 -3 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 8mm 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
Carro Comando - CV 35 ( L3/35 ) Twin MG Points 25

Tankette, Turretless (Command Variant) 1933, Rare DM: +2
Commander
- Twin 8mm Hull 48” 6 8 -4 -3 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Radio 8mm 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
53
L3/38 Points 32
Commander
- 13.2mm Hull 60” 4 9 -3 -3 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 13.2mm 3 5 8 10 13 15 18 20 23 25
L3 Lanciafiamme Points 68
Tankette, Turretless Flame Thrower 1935, Rare DM: +4
Commander
- FT Hull 16” 1 6 -3 +1 FT
- 8mm Breda Co Axial 48” 4 8 -2 -3 +1 Acq / Fire
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 8mm 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
L3 Anticarro Points 30
Tankette, Turretless Tank Destroyer 1938, Rare DM: +2
Commander
- 20mm Solo Main Gun 48” 1 1 -1 -2 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 20mm 5 9 14 18 23 27 32 36 41 45
Tanks
*Note: Command Variants (Carro Commando) for Medium Tanks are found under the Assault Guns section, where applicable.
L6/40 Points 35
Light Tank 1939, Uncommon DM: +1
-
Driver 20/65 Breda Main Gun 48” 1 1 -1 -2 -
Features 8mm Breda Co-Axial 48” 4 8 -2 -3 +1 Acq / Fire
- D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 20mm 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
54
L6/40 Lancia Fiamme Points 70
Light Tank, Flame Thrower 1939, Rare DM: +4
-
Driver FT Hull 10” 1 6 -3 +1 FT
Features 8mm Breda Co-Axial 48” 4 8 -2 -3 +1 Acq / Fire
- D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 8mm 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
Carro Comando – L6/40 Points 25

Light, Open Topped Tank (MG only Command Variant) 1939, Rare DM: +1
-
Features - - - - - - - -
Radio D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 8mm 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
M11/39 Points 37
Light Tank 1938, Uncommon DM: +1
Gunner
Features 37/40 VT Hull 48” 1 1 -2 -1 -
- D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 37mm 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
M13/40 Points 47
Medium Tank 1940, Uncommon DM: +0
Gunner *Only if model has one.
Driver 47/32 M37 Main Gun 48” 48” 1 1 -2 -1
MG Gunner 8mm Breda Co-Axial 48” 4 8 -2 -3 +1 Acq / Fire
- Twin 8mm Hull 48” 6 8 -4 -3 -
- 8mm Breda Pintle* 48” 4 8 -2 -3 AA: ( .20 )
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 47mm 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
55
M14/41 Points 48
Medium Tank 1941, Common DM: +0
Driver 47/32 M37 Main Gun 48” 1 1 -2 -1 -
- Twin 8mm Hull 48” 6 8 -4 -3 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 47mm 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
M15/42 Points 85
Medium Tank 1943, Rare DM: +0
Driver 47/40 Main Gun 48” 1 1 -2 -1 -
- Twin 8mm Hull 48” 6 8 -4 -3 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 47mm 9 18 27 36 45 54 63 72 81 90
P26/40 Points 116

Driver 75/34 Main Gun 48” 1 2 -2 +0 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 75 9 18 28 37 46 55 64 74 83 92
Note: This vehicle likely only served in German forces, but it is not certain.
56
Assault Guns (Semovente) and Medium Tank Command (Carro Comando) Variants
Semovente 47/32 Points 48

Light, Open Topped Tank Destroyer 1941, Uncommon DM: +1
Commander
Gunner 47/32 M35 Hull 48” 1 1 -2 -1 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 47mm 7 15 22 30 37 44 52 59 67 74
Carro Comando - Semovente 47/32 Points 25

Light, Open Topped Vehicle (MG only Command Variant) 1941, Rare DM: +1
Commander
Gunner Twin 8mm Hull 48” 6 8 -4 -3 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Radio 8mm 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
Semovente 75/18, M40 Early Points 48 Late Points 70

Medium Assault Gun, Support Gun (+1 Acq/Fire vs Inf/Art) 1941, Uncommon DM: +0
Commander *Pintle AA-MG only if model has one.
Gunner 75/18 Hull 24” 1 2 -2 +0 Support
- 8mm Breda Pintle* 48” 4 8 -2 -3 AA: (.20)
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 75 Early 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
- 75 Late 9 17 26 34 43 51 60 68 77 85
Carro Comando - Semovente M40 Points 30

Medium Turretless Vehicle (MG only Command Variant) 1941, Rare DM: +0
Radio Operator 8mm Breda Pintle* 48” 4 8 -2 -3 AA: (.20)
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Radio 8mm 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
Note: For use with both Semovente 75/18 M40 and M13/40 Tank units.
57
Carro Comando - Semovente M40 – 13.2mm Variant Points 42
Gunner 13.2mm Hull 60” 4 9 -3 -3 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Radio 13.2mm 3 5 8 10 13 15 18 20 23 25

Medium Assault Gun, Support Gun (+1 Acq/Fire vs Inf/Art) 1941, Uncommon DM: +0
Gunner 75/18 Hull 24” 1 2 -2 +0 Support
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 75 Early 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
- 75 Late 9 17 26 34 43 51 60 68 77 85

Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Radio 8mm 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
Carro Comando - Semovente M41 – 13.2mm Variant Points 44

Gunner 13.2mm Hull 60” 4 9 -3 -3 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Radio 13.2mm 3 5 8 10 13 15 18 20 23 25
58
Medium Assault Gun 1943, Uncommon DM: +0
Gunner 75/34 Hull 48” 1 2 -2 +0 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 75 Early 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
- 75 Late 9 18 28 37 46 55 64 74 83 92

Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Radio 8mm 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
Semovente 75/46, M43 Points 151

Medium Assault Gun 1944, Rare DM: +0
Commander
Gunner 75/46 Hull 48” 1 2 -2 +0 -
- 8mm Breda Pintle 48” 4 8 -2 -3 AA: (.20)
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Radio 75mm 13 26 39 52 65 78 91 104 117 130
Note: This vehicle likely only served in German forces, but it is not certain.

Medium, Open Topped Tank Destroyer (Portee limitation) 1942, Rare DM: +0
Commander
4 Gun crew* 90/53 Hull 60” 1 3 -2 +1 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 90mm 22 44 66 88 110 132 154 176 198 220
Note: This vehicle may not move and fire. *: The gun crew includes the crew of the L6 ammo trailer, which the
Semovente 90/53 requires to function. Players may choose to treat this as any other open topped Tank Destroyer, with
no Firing limitations or L6 ammo trailer, in which case it Points value would be 181.
59
Medium Assault Gun 1943, Rare DM: +0
Commander
Gunner 105/25 Hull 48" 1 4 -3 +2 -
- 8mm Breda Pintle 48” 4 8 -2 -3 AA: (.20)
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Radio 105mm 12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120
Semovente 149/40 M42 Points 182

Medium Open Topped Self Propelled Artillery 1942, Rare DM: +0
Commander
Gunner 149/40 Hull 48” 1 6 -4 +4 Indirect
4 Gun Crew - - - - - - - -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Radio 149mm 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
th
Note: this Self Propelled Artillery Vehicle may not move and fire. It may Fire directly at ranges up to its 5 range
increment (240), but must Acquire and Fire as normal, with all normal modifiers. If it remains completely stationary (no
turns, no movement at all) it may Fire Indirectly at ranges over 30” (Extra Heavy MR).
Softskins
Lancia Aprilia Coloniale Light Truck ( staff car ) Points 20

Light, Soft Skinned, Open Topped Transport 1941, Uncommon DM: +3
Slow 11” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Hull Crew Transport: Up to 3 internal passengers.
Driver
Fiat 508 Light Truck Points 20

Light, Soft Skinned, Open Topped Transport 1933, Common DM: +3
Slow 7” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Driver
Fiat 508CM Light Truck Points 20

Light, Soft Skinned, Open Topped Transport 1939, Abundant DM: +3
Slow 9” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Driver
60
Slow 5” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Hull Crew Transport: Up to 8 internal passengers, and 1 Medium artillery piece.
Driver

Slow 9” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Driver
OM 35 Light Truck Points 20

Slow 3” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Driver
OM 36 Light Truck Points 20

Slow 5” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Driver
AS 37 Sahariano Light Truck Points 20

Slow 5” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Driver
TL 37 Light Truck Points 20

Slow 4” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Hull Crew Transport: Up to 5 internal passengers, and 1 Very Heavy artillery piece.
Driver
61
SPA CL39 Light Truck Points 20
Slow 4” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Driver
SPA 38R Light Truck Points 20

Slow 5” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Driver
Fiat 626 Medium Truck Points 20

Slow 6” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Driver
Mediolanum 36 Medium Truck Points 20

Slow 6” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Hull Crew Transport: Up to 19 internal passengers, and 1 Heavy artillery piece.
Driver
OM Taurus Medium Truck Points 20

Slow 6” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Driver
Breda 51 Heavy Truck Points 20

Slow 6” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Hull Crew Transport: Up to 12 internal passengers, and 1 Super Heavy artillery piece.
Driver
62
Dovunque 35 Heavy Truck Points 20
Slow 5” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Driver
Dovunque SPA 41 Heavy Truck Points 20

Slow 5” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Hull Crew Transport: Up to 12 internal passengers, and 1 Extra Heavy artillery piece.
Driver
Fiat 633 Heavy Truck Points 20

Slow 3” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Driver

Slow 4” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Driver

Slow 5” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Driver
Lancia Ro Heavy Truck Points 20

Slow 3” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Driver
63
Lancia 3RO Heavy Truck Points 20
Slow 5” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Hull Crew Transport: Up to 30 internal passengers, and 1 Super Heavy artillery piece.
Driver
SPA TM 40 Heavy Truck Points 20

Slow 4” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Driver
Breda 61 Heavy Halftrack Transport Points 30

Light, Soft Skinned, Open Topped Halftrack 1943, Uncommon DM: +1
Slow 5” Tire 1-2 15 AV 1-3 15 AV 1-2 15 AV
Driver
Armored Trucks
Autocarro Protetto AS 37 Points 30

Light, Open Topped Transport 1942, Uncommon DM: +1
Slow 5” Tire 1-2 11 AV 1-3 11 AV 1-2 11 AV
Driver
Fiat 626 Scudato Points 30

Light, Open Topped Transport 1942, Rare DM: +1
Slow 6” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Driver
Fiat 626 Scudato with Armored Cab Points 30

Slow 6” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Driver
64
Fiat 665 NM Scudato Points 30
Slow 5” Tire 1-2 11 AV 1-3 11 AV 1-2 11 AV
Driver
Lancia Ro Scudato Points 30

Slow 3” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Driver
Portees
Breda 51 (52), 90/53 Portee Points 108

Light, Soft Skinned, Open Topped 1941, Rare DM: +2
Fast 24” Upper Hull 7-10 15 AV* 7-10 5 AV 7-10 5 AV
Hull Crew *Crew Gun Shield, oriented same direction as the 90/53 gun.
6 Gun Crew 90/53 Hull 60” 1 3 -2 +1 AA: 4
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 90mm 22 44 66 88 110 132 154 176 198 220
Note: This vehicle may not Move and Fire.
Breda 51 (52), 149/19 Portee Points 206

Hull Crew
8 Gun Crew 149 Hull 24” 1 6 -4 +4 Indirect
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 149mm 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
th
Note: This vehicle may not Move and Fire. It may Fire directly at ranges up to its 5 range increment (120), but must
Breda Tipo 102, 90/53 Armored Portee Points 108

Light, Open Topped 1942, Rare DM: +2
Hull Crew
6 Gun Crew 90/53 Hull 60” 1 3 -2 +1 AA: 4
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 90mm 22 44 66 88 110 132 154 176 198 220
Note: This vehicle may not Move and Fire. Single prototype only.
65
Cierano 50 CM, 75/27 CK Portee Points 56
Light, Soft Skinned, Open Topped 1935, Uncommon DM: +2
Hull Crew
4 Gun Crew 75/27 Hull 60” 1 2 -2 +0 AA: 3
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 75mm 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
Dovunque 35, 20/65 Portee Points 37

Hull Crew
3 Gun Crew 20mm Breda Hull 60” 2 1 -1 -2 AA: 0.50
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 20mm 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
Fiat 634, 102/35 Portee Points 120

Hull Crew
6 Gun Crew 102/35 Hull 60" 1 4 -3 +2 AA: 4
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 102mm 17 34 51 68 20 24 28 32 36 40
Fiat 634, 76/30 Portee Points 56

Hull Crew
4 Gun Crew 76/30 Hull 60” 1 2 -2 +0 AA: 3
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 76mm 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
66
Fiat 1100, AA MG Points 40
Light, Soft Skinned, Open Topped 1939, Uncommon DM: +2
Hull Crew
2 Gun Crew Twin 8mm Pintle 48” 6 8 -4 -3 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 8mm 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
Note: This vehicle can operate as any normal vehicle, and is not restricted like other Portees.
Lancia 3RO, 47/32 Portee Points 53

Hull Crew
3 Gun Crew 47/32 Hull 48” 1 1 -1 -1 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 47mm 7 15 22 30 37 44 52 59 67 74
Lancia 3RO, 100/17 Portee Early Points 120 Late Points 133
Hull Crew
6 Gun Crew 100/17 Hull 24" 1 4 -3 +2 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 100 Early 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
- 100 Late 9 17 26 34 43 51 60 68 77 85
th
Lancia 3RO, 90/53 Portee Points 108

Hull Crew *Crew Gun Shield, oriented same direction as the 90/53 gun.
6 Gun Crew 90/53 Hull 60” 1 3 -2 +1 AA: 4
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 90mm 22 44 66 88 110 132 154 176 198 220
67
TL 37, 47/32 Portee Points 53
Hull Crew
3 Gun Crew 47/32 Hull 48” 1 1 -1 -1 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 47mm 7 15 22 30 37 44 52 59 67 74

Hull Crew
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 20mm 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40

Hull Crew
4 Gun Crew 75/27 FG Hull 48” 1 2 -2 +0 Indirect
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 75mm 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
th
SPA 38R, 20/65 Portee Points 37

Hull Crew
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 20mm 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
68
6. Italian Aircraft
Interceptors and Ground Attack
Fiat C.R. 30 W D
Interceptor Aircraft
Payload
2x 7.7mm Breda Weapon Type Range ROF AP MM DM Special
- 2x 7.7mm Breda LMG - 4* 8 -2 -3 Top
- Main Gun Penetration
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Defensive AA: 0 7.7mm Breda 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
Interceptor AA: 2 *Strafes with a total of 4 shots of 7.7mm at a single target.
Fiat C.R. 32 W D
Payload
- 2x 12.7mmBreda HMG - 4* 9 -3 -3 Top
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Fiat C.R. 32bis W D

Ground Attack/Interceptor Aircraft
Payload* *Choose one Bombload only.
2x 7.7mm Breda 2x 12.7mmBreda HMG - 4* 9 -3 -3 Top
2x Medium bombs 2x 7.7mm Breda LMG - 4* 8 -2 -3 Top
1x Heavy bomb Main Gun Penetration
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Interceptor AA: 2 *Strafes with a total of 4 shots of 12.7mm and / or 7.7mm at a single target.
Fiat C.R. 42 Falco W D

Interceptor Aircraft (sometimes used in the Ground Attack role)
Payload
2x Medium Bombs 2x 12.7mmBreda HMG - 4* 9 -3 -3 Top
Defensive AA: 0 D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Interceptor AA: 3 12.7mm Breda 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 15 18 20
- *Strafes with a total of 4 shots of 12.7mm at a single target.
Fiat C.R. 42ter Falco W D

Payload
- 4x 12.7mmBreda HMG - 8* 9 -3 -3 Top
Defensive AA: 0 D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
69
Fiat G.50 Freccia S W D
Payload
- 2x 12.7mmBreda HMG - 4* 9 -3 -3 Top
Defensive AA: 0 D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Fiat G.55/O Centauro S W D

Payload
1x 20mm MG 151 Weapon Type Range ROF AP MM DM Special
4x 12.7mm Breda 1x 20mm MG151 AT - 1 1 -1 -2 Top
- 4x 12.7mmBreda HMG - 8* 9 -3 -3 Top
Defensive AA: 0 D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Interceptor AA: 5 20mm 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
Fiat G.55/I Centauro S W D

Payload
- 2x 12.7mmBreda HMG - 4* 9 -3 -3 Top
Defensive AA: 0 D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Macchi MC 200 (Early) Saetta S W D

Payload
- 2x 12.7mmBreda HMG - 4* 9 -3 -3 Top
Defensive AA: 0 D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Macchi MC 200 (Late) Saetta S W D

Payload
- 2x 7.7mm Breda MG - 4* 8 -3 -3 Top
Defensive AA: 0 D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- *Strafes with a total of 4 shots of 12.7mm and/or 4 shots of 7.7mm at a single target.
70
Macchi MC 200 CB Saetta S W D
Payload
2x Vry Heavy Bombs 2x 7.7mm Breda MG - 4* 8 -3 -3 Top
Defensive AA: 0 D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Interceptor AA: 5 12.7mm 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 15 18 20
Macchi C 202 Folgore S W D

Payload
Defensive AA: 0 D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Macchi MC 205 Veltro S W D

Payload
2x Vry Heavy Bombs 2x 12.7mmBreda HMG - 4* 9 -3 -3 Top
Defensive AA: 0 D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Reggiane Re 2000 Falco I S W D

Payload
1x Very Heavy Bomb 2x 12.7mmBreda HMG - 4* 9 -3 -3 Top
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Reggiane Re 2001 Falco II S W D

Payload
1x Extra Heavy Bomb 2x 7.7mm Breda MG - 4* 8 -2 -3 Top
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
71
Reggiane Re 2002 Ariete S W D
Payload
3x Heavy Bombs 2x 7.7mm Breda MG - 4* 8 -2 -3 Top
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Reggiane Re 2005 Sagittario S W D

Payload
- 2x 12.7mmBreda HMG - 4* 9 -3 -3 Top
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Defensive AA: 0 20mm MG151 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
Reggiane Re 2005 Sagittario (Ground Attack Option) S W D

Interceptor/Ground Attack/Aircraft
Payload
2x Heavy Bombs 2x 12.7mmBreda HMG - 4* 9 -3 -3 Top
1x Very Heavy Bomb Main Gun Penetration
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Defensive AA: 0 20mm MG151 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
Breda Ba.65 W W D
Ground Attack Aircraft (limited Interceptor Ability)
Payload
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
High Altitude Bombers
Fiat B.R. 20 Cicogna W W W D

High Altitude Bomber
35x Med Bombs Weapon Type Range ROF AP MM DM Special
14x Heavy Bombs NA - - - - - - -
2x Vry Hvy Bombs Main Gun Penetration
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Defensive AA: 3 NA - - - - - - - - - -
Interceptor AA: 0 -
72
Savoia-Marchetti SM 81 Pipistrello W W W D
10x Heavy Bombs Weapon Type Range ROF AP MM DM Special
4x Vry Hvy Bombs NA - - - - - - -
2x Spr Hvy Bombs Main Gun Penetration
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Defensive AA: 2 NA - - - - - - - - - -
Interceptor AA: 0 -
Savoia-Marchetti SM 79 Sparviero S W W D
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Defensive AA: 2 NA - - - - - - - - - -
Interceptor AA: 0 -
Savoia-Marchetti SM 82 Cangaru ( Bomber ) S W W D

8x Spr Hvy Bombs Weapon Type Range ROF AP MM DM Special
6x Ex Hvy Bombs NA - - - - - - -
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Defensive AA: 3 NA - - - - - - - - - -
Interceptor AA: 0 -
Caproni Ca 133 S W D
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Defensive AA: 2 NA - - - - - - - - - -
Interceptor AA: 0 -
Caproni Ca 135 W W W D
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Defensive AA: 3 NA - - - - - - - - - -
Interceptor AA: 0 -
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Defensive AA: 4 NA - - - - - - - - - -
Interceptor AA: 0 -
73
Cant Z 1007 Alcione S W W D
8x Vry Hvy Bombs Weapon Type Range ROF AP MM DM Special
4x Spr Hvy Bombs NA - - - - - - -
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Defensive AA: 3 NA - - - - - - - - - -
Interceptor AA: 0 -
Piaggio P 108b S S W W D
Payload* *Choose one Bomb load only.
34x Hvy Bombs Weapon Type Range ROF AP MM DM Special
14x Vr Hvy Bombs NA - - - - - - -
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Defensive AA: 4 NA - - - - - - - - - -
Interceptor AA: 0
Transports and Reconnaissance
Savoia-Marchetti SM 75 Marsupiale W W W D
Air Transport
Payload
- Weapon Type Range ROF AP MM DM Special
- NA - - - - - - -
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Defensive AA: 0 NA - - - - - - - - - -
Interceptor AA: 0 Can carry 25-35 paratroopers or 25-35 other troops, or 8000 lbs cargo.
Savoia-Marchetti SM 82 Cangaru ( Transport ) S W W D

Air Transport
Payload
- NA - - - - - - -
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Defensive AA: 3 NA - - - - - - - - - -
Interceptor AA: 0 Can carry 40 paratroopers or 96 other troops, or 13000 lbs cargo.
Transport
Payload
- NA - - - - - - -
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Defensive AA: 2 NA - - - - - - - - - -
Interceptor AA: 0 Can carry 18 troops.
Piaggio P 108t and converted 108c S S W W D

Transport
Payload
- NA - - - - - - -
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Defensive AA: 4 NA - - - - - - - - - -
Interceptor AA: 0 Can carry 60 troops, or 24000 lbs cargo.
74
IMAM Ro 37 W D
Reconnaissance Aircraft ( with Ground Attack and Interceptor capability )
Payload
3x Medium Bombs 2x 7.7mm Breda LMG - 4* 8 -2 -3 Top
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
75
7. Italy’s Enemies
Blood on The Fourth Shore
The Italian Occupation of Libya (1922-1931)
One result of the Italo-Turkish War (1911-1912) was the Italian occupation of the North African territory now
know as Libya. Despite the treaties signed between Turkey and Italy, the indigenous peoples of this region (quite
likely with the support of Turkish troops left behind after the war) would continue a resistance movement against the
Italian invaders for decades. Idris was the leader of the independent Libyan movement., but it was Omar Al Mukhtar
who would be the best known hero of the conflict.
Mussolini’s rise to power meant a new era of hardship for Libya. The occupation became increasingly brutal,
especially under General Rodolfo Graziani, who would be the best known villain of this conflict (to most outside of
Italy). Mussolini hoped to facilitate the growth of Italian farms and communities in north Africa. Once resistance had
been quelled, tens of thousands of Italian farmers were to be relocated to Libya, the so-called “fourth shore” of Italy.
The methods employed were nothing short of atrocity.
Entire communities were dragged from their homes and exiled to concentration camps where many would
die. Widespread executions took place, inside and outside of the camps. These extreme measures were both
absolutely horrific and absolutely effective. By 1931, the Italians were clearly gaining the upper hand. The capture
and execution of Omar Al Mukhtar that year did not end the fighting, but afterwards the resistance no longer had
hope of dislodging the Italians. When Italy joined the Allies in 1943, it would retain possession of Libya. Not until 1951
would the Libyans gain independence.
Omar Al Mukhtar is one name remembered from a sea of thousands who fought and died. His composure
and tenacity, however, is a reflection of the determination with which this entire people struggled for independence.
The Italo-Turkish War, and the subsequent Libyan war of resistance, saw the innovations of war as the Italians first
brought aircraft, then armor, to be utilized in the fighting. But it is the grim fatalism of the resistance fighters, despite
the terrors of Graziani, that stands out in this conflict.
Notes on Weapons: The following information covers the fighting from 1922-1931. During this period, the weapons
primarily used were either supplied by the Germans or Turks during WWI, or weapons captured from the Italians. A
generic “Mauser” is listed as the primary rifle, representing several different patterns. Very few artillery, and no
vehicles or aircraft, are included as options. You may allow the use of other captured Italian artillery as your scenario
requires.
Notes on Platoons: The Libyan lists are representative of this conflict only, and should not be used in comparison
to the WWII lists. The Italian regular troops fielded against the Libyans should be considered to have a baseline of
Motivated, with Elite units, and Standard where appropriate.
Libyan Infantry Small Arms: Below is a comprehensive list of Libyan small arms used in the platoon lists in this
book. Not all small arms used by the Libyans in the war are presented here.
Libyan Small Arms:

C96 Mauser, Glisenti Pistol 10” 2 6 - -
Mauser, Carcano M91 Rifle 30” 2 8 - -
Chauchaut, Lewis LMG 48” 3 8 -2 -
Maxim, Fiat-Revelli M1914 HMG 75” 4 8 -3 -
76
Libyan Small Arms Anti-Tank Chart
Weapon Penetration
Type DM 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Pistol/SMG -3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Rifle/MG -3 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
Libyan Explosives Anti-Tank Chart

Weapon Penetration
Type Range DM 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Satchel Charge 6” +0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
Note: As with any explosive equipped units, only one of the countable Firing models may Fire an explosive each turn. For
example, in a section of 6 models, 3 may Fire. One may Fire an explosive, the other two may Fire their personal weapons as
normal, and they may Fire at a different target. Any unit equipped with Explosives is considered to have enough to last the entire
battle unless stated otherwise.
Libyan Cavalry: Motivated
The Libyan resistance employed irregular horsemen throughout the campaign. They would emerge from rough terrain
that was inaccessible by motor vehicles of the period, attacking any Italian unit who let its guard down.
Libyan Cavalry Special Rules:

Simultaneous Combat may be applied
Fanatical Defense (even if the Libyans are the attackers) may be applied to Cavalry that dismounts
Poor Artillery should be applied
0-1 Libyan Cavalry Command
2-6 Libyan Cavalry Bands (Squads)
0-1 Libyan Cavalry Support
Libyan Cavalry Command

Cavalry Leader 5 6 9 Mauser Rifle
Add 0-2 Life Guard with Mauser Rifle +9 each
All models are mounted on horses.
Libyan Cavalry Band (Squad)

Libyan Cavalry Band: The maneuver element of the platoon.
Band Leader 5 6 6 Mauser Rifle
Libyan Cavalry (x6) 5 6 5 Mauser Rifle
Add 0-6 Libyan Cavalry with Mauser Rifle +9 each

Equip entire unit with Explosives as shown above: +22
All models are mounted on horses.
Note: each Band fights as a single unit on the board, and does not normally split into smaller units.
Libyan Cavalry HMG Support Team

Libyan Cavalry HMG: Provides sustained fire support to the platoon.
Team Leader 5 6 6 Mauser Rifle
Gunner 5 6 5 Maxim HMG
Loaders (x2) 5 6 5 C96 Mauser Pistol
All models are deployed as infantry. It is assumed they have horses, and may remount by abandoning the HMG
(they then act as another Cavalry Band).
77
Libyan Cavalry Captured Artillery Support Team
Libyan Cavalry Captured Artillery: Provides sustained fire support to the platoon.
Soldier ACC CC Guts Weapon Points: as per weapon
Team Leader 5 6 6 C96 Mauser Pistol
Gunner 5 6 5 Artillery FG or IG, C96 Mauser Pistol
Loaders (0-4 as required) 5 6 5 Mauser Rifle
Possible options include:

75/27 M06, 52 points, 2 Loaders with Mauser Rifles
100/17, 100 points, 4 Loaders with Mauser Rifles
Or other artillery as deemed appropriate, with the agreement of your opponent.
All models are deployed on foot. It is assumed they have horses, and may remount by abandoning the artillery (they
then act as another Cavalry Band).
Libyan Infantry: Motivated
The Libyan resistance normally employed infantry in most ambushes, but also defensive operations as well. Though
some of these may actually travel on horseback, the list allows you to field them as strictly infantry.
Libyan Infantry Special Rules:

Poor Artillery should be applied
Simultaneous Combat may be applied
Disband may be applied (unless Fanatical Defense is applied)
Bunching may be applied
Fanatical Defense (even if the Libyans are the attackers) may be applied
Libyan Infantry Support:

Support is generally limited, sometimes an HMG, rarely a captured Italian artillery piece.
0-1 Libyan Infantry Command
2-5 Libyan Infantry Bands (Squads)
0-1 Libyan Infantry Support
Libyan Infantry Command

Infantry Leader 5 6 9 Mauser Rifle
Add 0-6 Life Guard with Mauser Rifle +9 each
Libyan Infantry Band (Squad)

Libyan Infantry Band: The maneuver element of the platoon.
Band Leader 5 6 6 Mauser Rifle
Libyan Infantry (x7) 5 6 5 Mauser Rifle
Add 0-8 Libyan Infantry with Mauser Rifle +9 each

Equip entire unit with Explosives as shown above: +22
One model per Platoon may upgrade Mauser Rifle to Chauchaut or Lewis LMG +18
Note: each Band may fight as a single unit on the board, or may split into two equal sized units before the game
begins.
Libyan Infantry HMG Support Team

Libyan Infantry HMG Support: Provides sustained fire support to the platoon.
Team Leader 5 6 6 Mauser Rifle
Loaders (x2) 5 6 5 C96 Mauser Pistol
78
Libyan Infantry Captured Artillery Support Team
Libyan Infantry Captured Artiller Support: Provides sustained fire support to the platoon.
Team Leader 5 6 6 C96 Mauser Pistol
Gunner 5 6 5 Artillery FG or IG, C96 Mauser Pistol
Loaders (0-4 as required) 5 6 5 Mauser Rifle

75/27 M06, 52 points, 2 Loaders with Mauser Rifles
Libyan Captured Artillery
75/27 M06, Medium Field Gun Points 52
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 75mm 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
th
Note: this Field Gun may not move and fire. It may Fire directly at ranges up to its 5 range increment (120), but must Acquire and
Fire as normal, with all normal modifiers. It may Fire Indirectly at ranges over 12” (Medium MR).
100/17, Very Heavy Field Gun Late Points 100

4 Gun Crew 100/17 FG 24" 1 4 -3 +2 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 100mm 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
th
Note: this Field Gun may not move and fire. It may Fire directly at ranges up to its 5 range increment (120), but must Acquire and
Fire as normal, with all normal modifiers. It may Fire Indirectly at ranges over 24” (Very Heavy MR).
65/17 M13, Medium Infantry Gun Late Points 46

Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 65mm 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
Note: this Infantry Gun may not move and fire. At ranges up to 24” it must fire directly, but does not need to Acquire when firing at
Infantry or Artillery (ie, fires as if Small Arms, but can not move). At ranges over 24” it must fire Indirectly unless it chooses to Fire
th
Directly at a Vehicle. It may Fire directly at Vehicle targets as normal, up to the 5 Range Increment (120) but must Acquire with all
normal modifiers before Firing at a vehicle.
79
Haile Salassie’s War
The Second Italo-Abyssinian War (1935-1936)
Note: This list will allow you to field the Army of Haile Salassie. Also, feel free to use this as a way of fielding the
various African (Eritrean, Galla, and Libyan) tribal forces which, for their own reasons, fought for the Italians against
the Ethiopians. For Askaris in the service of the Italians, see the Askari list.
Ethiopian Small Arms:

Pistol (any type) Pistol 10” 2 6 - -
French Lebel (or any modern rifle) Rifle 30” 2 8 - -
*Bow Bow 10” 1 6 - -
Vintage Musket Musket 20” 1 6 - -
Vintage Rifle Rifle 30” 1 8 - -
M1930 LMG (BAR) LMG 48” 3 8 -2 -
Browning HMG 75” 4 8 -3 -
Stokes Medium Mortar Mortar 12”+ 1 2 -2 -
*The Bow may move and fire just like a rifle.
Ethiopian Small Arms Anti-Tank Chart

Weapon Penetration
Type DM 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Any Pistol -3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Any Rifle, Any LMG or HMG -3 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
Ethiopian Explosives Anti-Tank Chart

Weapon Penetration
Type Range DM 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ethiopian Mahel Safari: Green
These were locally raised troops armed and equipped by the Ras, or leaders of the various tribal groups
within the Mahel Safari or Ethiopian National Forces. The tribal levies themselves were almost always poorly
equipped with few, if any, modern weapons of any kind. However, some of these units during the war were able to
scrounge some rifles and equipment from their foes or were fortunate enough to have a Ras who could equip them.
They also had a tendency to fight savagely in close combat and they tried to never leave the bodies of their leaders
behind.
Bows and Old Firearms: Any model in the force may switch his sword or spear with a bow for Free or Vintage
Musket for +3 points. Any model may exchange his sword or spear with a Vintage Rifle for +4 points.
Mahel Safari Special Rules:

Bunching may be applied
Disband may be applied
Tenacity and Vengeance should always be applied
Poor Artillery may be applied
80
Mahel Safari Organization: Below is shown the number and type of units included in your platoon.
1 Mahel Safari Command
2-3 Mahel Safari Warbands
0-1 Special Weapons
0-2 Support Weapons
0-1 Vehicles
Mahel Safari Command

Command Team: Leads the Levy in battle and coordinates the actions of the warbands.
Ras 5 6 7 Pistol, Sword
Ras Guard (x3) 5 6 3 Sword
Upgrade Ras to Rifle +4

Upgrade Ras Guard to Pistol Free
Upgrade Ras Guard to Rifle +4
Upgrade 1 Ras Guard to LMG (very rare) +18
Mahel Safari Warband

Warband: The fighting backbone of the Mahel Safari.
Warband Leader 5 6 5 Sword or Spear
Tribal Fighter (x10) 5 6 3 Sword or Spear
Upgrade Warband Leader to Pistol Free

Upgrade Warband Leader to Rifle +4
Upgrade any Fighter to Rifle +4
Special Weapon
Special Weapon: Provides the Warband with much needed firepower, but was fairly rare.
Gunner 5 6 3 LMG, Pistol
Assistant 5 6 3 Rifle
Upgrade Gunner to HMG +7

Add up to two Assistants armed with Sword or Spear +4 each
Upgrade Assistant to Leader

Soldier ACC CC Guts Weapon Points: Free
Leader 5 6 4 Pistol
Ethiopian Support Weapon

Ethiopian Support Weapon: Provides much needed fire support to the Platoon.
Team Leader 5 6 4 Pistol
Gunner 5 6 3 Artillery FG or IG, Pistol
Loaders (0-4 as required) 5 6 3 Rifle

Oerlikon 2cm AA, 22 points, 0 Loaders
75mm Schneider, 46 points, 2 Loaders with Rifles
Pak 35/36 ATG, 33 points, 1 Loaders with Rifles
Old Bronze Cannon, 30 points, 2 Loaders with Rifles
81
The Kebur Sebangna (Imperial Guard): Standard
These were the best of the Ethiopian Forces and were under personal command of Emperor Haile Salassie.
The units of the Kebur Sebangna had the best weapons, equipment, and training Ethiopia could provide. They were
equipped with modern rifles and machine guns as well as support weapons. The unit structure was similar to the
Belgian Army and was supplied with Belgian cut uniforms. Going toe to toe with the Italians, these men were brave
and tough. However, they were also small in number and stood little chance against Italian air power.
Kebur Sebangna Special Rules:

Tenacity and Vengeance should always be applied
Kebur Sebangna Organization: Below is shown the number and type of units included in your platoon.
1 Platoon Command
2-4 Rifle Squads
0-1 LMG Teams
0-1 HMG Team
0-1 Mortar Squads
0-2 Support Weapons
0-3 Vehicles
Kebur Sebangna Platoon Command

Command Team: Leads the Platoon in battle and coordinates the actions of the Squads.
Lieutenant 5 6 8 Pistol
Staff Sergeant 5 6 7 Rifle
Private (x4) 5 6 4 Rifle
Upgrade Lieutenant with Rifle +4
Kebur Sebangna Rifle Squad

Rifle Squad: The Maneuver element of the squad.
Sergeant 5 6 6 Pistol
Corporal 5 6 5 Rifle
Upgrade Sergeant to Rifle +4

Add 0-4 Privates with Rifles +8 each
Before the game starts, he Squad may be split into two teams of even numbers of privates, with one team being led
by the Sergeant and the other the Corporal.
Kebur Sebangna LMG Team (rare)

LMG Team: Gives the Platoon much needed fire support.
Gunner 5 6 4 M1930 LMG (BAR)
Kebur Sebangna HMG Team

HMG Team: Gives the Platoon much needed fire support.
Gunner 5 6 4 Browning HMG
Kebur Sebangna Light Mortar Team

50mm Light Mortar Team: Gives the Platoon much needed light indirect fire support.
Gunner 5 6 4 50mm Mortar
Upgrade to Stokes Medium Mortar +5
82
Ethiopian Support Weapon
Ethiopian Support Weapon: Provides much needed fire support to the Platoon.
Team Leader 5 6 6 Pistol
Gunner 5 6 4 Artillery FG or IG, Pistol
Loaders (0-4 as required) 5 6 4 Rifle

Oerlikon 2cm AA, 22 points, 0 Loaders
75mm Schneider, 46 points, 2 Loaders with Rifles
Pak 35/36 ATG, 33 points, 1 Loaders with Rifles
Old Bronze Cannon, 30 points, 2 Loaders with Rifles
Ethiopian Support Weapons
Oerlikon, Very Light AA Gun Points 22

Commander 2 pistols
2cm FlaK AA 60 2 9 (1) -1 -2 AA: .50
Advanced Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 2cm FlaK 8 15 23 30 38 45 53 60 68 75
Pak 35/36, Light AT Gun Points 33

Crewman 37/45 AT 48” 1 1 -1 -1 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 37/45 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70
75mm Schneider 1919, Medium Field Gun Points 46

2 Gun Crew 75mm 1919 FG 24” 1 2 -2 +0 Indirect
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 75mm 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
th
Old Bronze Cannon Points 30

2 Gun Crew Bronze Cannon FG 24” 1 1 -1 +0 Indirect
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- Cannon 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
nd
Note: this Gun may not move and fire. It may Fire directly at ranges up to its 2 range increment (48”), but must Acquire
and Fire as normal, with all normal modifiers. It may Fire Indirectly at ranges over 12” (Medium MR) upto a maximum
indirect range of 72”.
83
Ethiopian Vehicles
Light Truck Points 20
Slow 7” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Driver
Note: The Ethiopians had some trucks in service, but the exact make and model are unclear. This truck is a generic entry.
Machine Gun: You may add an LMG or HMG to this vehicle for +30/40 points. The Machine Gun is manned by a
passenger and has a 180° field of fire to the front.
Heavy Truck Points 20

Slow 3” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Machine Gun: You may add an LMG or HMG to this vehicle for +30/40 points. The Machine Gun is
Driver
manned by a passenger.
Note: The Ethiopians had some trucks in service, but the exact make and model are unclear. This truck is a generic entry.
Machine Gun: You may add an LMG or HMG to this vehicle for +30/40 points. The Machine Gun is manned by a
passenger and has a 180° field of fire to the front.

Hull Crew
Features Twin 6.5mm Main Gun 48” 6 8 -4 -3 -
- D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 6.5mm 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
84
Aera! Aera! Aera!
The Greco-Italian War (1940-1941)
Italy invaded Greece expecting to quickly conquer this land, and take one step closer to restoring the might
and power of ancient Rome. The results would disappoint Mussolini greatly. This small war which Il Duce hoped
would be an easy victory marked the beginning of the Balkan Campaign of WWII.
The Greeks had been hardened by decades of conflict as they sought unity, independence, and a clear
political ideology. The weak and timid had died out long ago, leaving only a hardened people. Like the Italians, the
Greeks also had a long history of powerful leaders and victorious armies, stretching back for millennia. They would do
their ancestors proud by fighting fiercely to defend their homeland. Short on modern equipment, and isolated from
their allies, they would be eventually overwhelmed by combined German and Italian forces. But not before they
inflicted many casualties on the Italian invaders.
It would be a long time before Italian veterans of this campaign could forget deadly nights spent on freezing
hilltops, or forget how furtive shadows and faint scrabbling in the dark could quickly turn into a frenzy of charging
men.
Greek Small Arms:

FN-Browning M10/22, Ruby M15 Pistol 10” 2 6 - -
MS 1903/14 Rifle 30” 2 8 - -
Scoped MS 1903 Sniper Rifle 48” 1 8 -2 +2 ACC
EPK* Assault Rifle 20” 3 8 -1 -
FM 24, Breda M30, EPK* LMG 48” 3 8 -2 -
Hotchkiss M26, St. Etienne HMG 75” 4 8 -3 -
VB GLR (Rifle Grenades HE only) Rifle Grenade 30” 1 1 -1 Blast
Boyes .55 ATR 48” 1 9 -1 -
Solothurn 20mm ATR 48” 1 9 -1 -
Flamethrower FT 8” 1 6 -3 FT
Note: The EPK “Pyrkal” was a type of automatic rifle used by the Greeks. It was somewhat unique, and in this list, it is presented as
both an Assault Rifle and a box fed Light Machinegun. When you build your platoon, you must decide which role these will be
fielded in. All EPKs in your force must be fielded in the same way, though you may change your mind for later battles.
Note: The Flamethrower is included as an option, but it would have been a rare item, and not frequently used. The option in the
platoon list below is meant to be used only for scenarios, not as a general option for all battles.
Greek Small Arms Anti-Tank Chart

Weapon Penetration
Type DM 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Any Pistol -3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Boyes .55 -3 3 5 8 10 13 15 18 20 23 25
Solothurn 20mm -3 5 9 14 18 23 27 32 36 41 45
85
Greek Explosives Anti-Tank Chart
Weapon Penetration
Type Range DM 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Satchel Charge 6” +0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
Large Satchel Charge 1” +0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Greek Rifle Platoon: Motivated
The basic Greek infantry formation was based on the French pattern. The Greek army lacked the depth and
modernization of their Italian and German foes, but could compensate locally for the personal bravery and dedication
of the Greek infantryman.
Greek Infantry Special Rules:

Fierce should always be applied
1 Platoon Command
2-3 Rifle Squads
0-2 Company Support Teams (though not in the Rifle Company, many elements directly supported it)
0-2 Total Vehicles and/or Regimental Support Units (transports do not count towards this total)
Greek Rifle Platoon Command

Lieutenant 5 6 9 FN-Browning Pistol
Staff Sergeant 5 6 8 MS 1903/14
Add 0-2 Runners:

Runner 5 6 5 MS 1903/14
Greek Rifle Squad

Sergeant 5 6 7 MS 1903/14
Rifle Grenadier 5 6 5 VB GLR, Lebel 93 Rifle
Private (x6) 5 6 5 MS 1903/14

Corporal 5 6 6 MS 1903/14
Gunner 5 6 5 EPK LMG*
Private (x2) 5 6 5 MS 1903/14
*Utilize the EPK with Assault Rifle stats instead of LMG stats -9
Equip the entire squad with Explosives as shown above +18
You may allow, for scenarios, one Private per platoon to upgrade to a Flamethrower +27
Greek Company Support: Sniper

Sniper: Independent sniper operating along the front to kill officers, NCO’s, and weapon crews.
Sniper 5 6 7 Scoped MS 1903/14 Rifle
It is not clear what proficiency the Greek snipers possessed. You may decide to field them with only the +2 ACC
bonus for a scoped rifle, and disregard the special Sniper rules.
86
Greek Company Support: HMG Team
Hotchkiss HMG: Provides the platoon with sustained fire support.
Gunner 5 6 5 Hotchkiss M26 HMG
Loader 5 6 5 MS 1903/14
Greek Company Support: Boyes Anti-Tank Rifle Team

Boyes ATR: Provides the platoon with ineffective anti-tank support.
Gunner 5 6 6 Boyes ATR
Loader 5 6 5 MS 1903/14
Upgrade Boyes ATR to Solothurn ATR +2
Greek Regimental Support: Heavy Mortar Team

81mm Mortar: Provides the platoon with indirect fire support.
Gunner 5 6 5 81mm Brandt Mortar, FN-Browning Pistol
Privates (x2) 5 6 5 MS 1903/14
Greek Regimental Support: 3.7cm PaK Light Anti-Tank Gun

3.7cm ATG: Provides the platoon with light anti-tank support.
Sergeant 5 6 7 FN-Browning Pistol
Gunner 5 6 5 3.7cm, FN-Browning Pistol
Loader 5 6 5 MS 1903/14
May be upgraded to 47/32 Anti-tank Gun. +1

May be upgraded to 65mm M906 Infantry Gun and add 1 Loader with Rifle +12
Greek Artillery
3.7cm PaK, Light AT Gun Points 33
Crewman 37/45 AT 48” 1 1 -1 -1 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 37/45 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70
47/32 M35, Light AT Gun ( Captured ) Points 34

Crewman 47/32 AT 48” 1 1 -1 -1 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 47mm 7 15 22 30 37 44 52 59 67 74
2cm FlaK 30, Very Light AA Gun Points 22

Commander 2 pistols
2cm FlaK AA 60 2 9 (1) -1 -2 AA: .50
- 2cm FlaK 8 15 23 30 38 45 53 60 68 75
87
3.7cm FlaK 36, Light AA Gun Points 29
Loader 3.7cm FlaK AA 60 1 1 -1 -1 AA: 1.0
- 3.7cm Fk 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Note: this AA Gun may not move and fire. It may not fire Indirectly. Apply all modifiers as normal.
8.8cm FlaK 18, Heavy AA/AT Dual Purpose Gun Points 88

4 Gun Crew 8.8cm FlaK AA/AT 60” 1 3 -2 +1 AA: 4
- 88 L56 22 44 66 88 110 132 154 176 198 220
Note: this AA/AT may not move and fire. It may not fire Indirectly. Apply all modifiers as normal.
75mm Schneider-Denglis 06/09, Medium Field Gun Points 46

2 Gun Crew 75mm 06/09 FG 24” 1 2 -2 +0 Indirect
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 75mm 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
th
75mm Schneider 1919, Medium Field Gun Points 46

Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 75mm 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
th
85mm Schneider 1927, Heavy Field Gun Points 79

Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 85mm 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
th
Acquire and Fire as normal, with all normal modifiers. It may Fire Indirectly at ranges over 18” (Heavy MR).
88
6” Vickers-Armstrong, Extra Heavy Field Gun Points 185
6 Gun Crew 6” V-A FG 24” 1 6 -4 +4 Indirect
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 6” 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
th
155mm Schneider 1917, Extra Heavy Field Gun Points 187

Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 155mm 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
th
65mm 1906, Medium Infantry Gun Points 45

Loader 65mm 1906 IG 24” 1 2 -2 +0 Indirect
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 65mm 2 4 7 9 11 13 15 18 20 22
th
Greek Vehicles
CV 35 ( L3/35 ) Twin MG (Captured) Points 25
Commander
- Twin 8mm Hull 48” 6 8 -4 -3 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 8mm 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
89
Bren Carrier Points 35
Light Open Topped Transport 1940, Uncommon DM: +1
Hull Crew *Vehicle mounts both weapons, one weapon, or none at all. Most mount one.
Driver* Weapon* Location Range ROF AP MM DM Special
Crew* LMG Pintle 48” 3 8 -2 -3 AA: (.2)
Boyes ATR Pintle 48” 1 9 -1 -3 -
Radio D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
LMG 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
This vehicle may transport a total of 3-5 persons, depending on configuration, and one Light artillery piece. Consider
most versions to carry a total of 4 persons. Passengers act as vehicle crew.

Slow 3” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Driver
Note: The Greeks had some trucks in service, but the exact make and model are unclear. This truck is a generic entry.
Horse Limber: Though not a true Soft Skinned vehicle, Horse Limbers were used by Greek troops. Any hit by a Main Gun round
automatically destroys the limber, but will not automatically kill the crew. Roll for AP without the confined space explosion (there is
not one). Small Arms fire must be direct, crew and horses count as if in Soft Cover. Figure Horses equal Assigned Crew Size plus
2. Figure minimum number of horses is _ starting number. Artillery may limber/unlimber only if both Gun and Limber do nothing
else, ie they can not Move or Fire. Limbers have only one Speed,12”. They may not cross linear obstacles of any kind or bodies of
water. However, Horse Limbers are unaffected by Adverse Weather, so are not impeded for game purposes by mud or snow. A
Horse Limber is only available to Artillery, and costs +10 points.
Note: Blasts affect all Crew and all Horses, but Direct Small Arms Fire is at the Crew or the Horses, not both. You can not
distribute crew casualties to the horses or vice versa.
Greek Aircraft
Gloster Gladiator I and II W D
Payload
4x .30 Browning Weapon Type Range ROF AP MM DM Special
- 4x .30 Browning LMG - 4* 1 -2 -3 Top
Defensive AA: 0 D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Interceptor AA: 3 .30 Browning 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
- *Strafes with a total of 8 shots of .30 at a single target.
PZL P-24A W D
Payload
2x 20mm Oerlikon FF Weapon Type Range ROF AP MM DM Special
2x 7.92mm C/B MG 2x 20mm O FF AT - 1 1 -1 -2 Top
4x Light Bombs 2x 7.92mm LMG - 4* 1 -2 -3 Top
Defensive AA: 0 D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
90
PZL P-24F W D
Payload
2x 20mm Oerlikon FF Weapon Type Range ROF AP MM DM Special
2x 7.92mm C/B MG 2x 20mm O FF AT - 1 1 -1 -2 Top
4x Medium Bombs 2x 7.92mm LMG - 4* 1 -2 -3 Top
Defensive AA: 0 D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
PZL P-24G W D
Payload
4x 7.92mm C/B MG Weapon Type Range ROF AP MM DM Special
4x Medium Bombs 4x 7.92mm LMG - 4* 1 -2 -3 Top
Defensive AA: 0 D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Bloch MB. 151 S W D

Payload
2x 20mm Hispano Weapon Type Range ROF AP MM DM Special
2x 7.5mm mle 34 2x 20mm AT - 1 1 -1 -2 Top
- 2X 7.5mm MG LMG - 4* 8 -2 -3 Top
Defensive AA: 0 D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Potez 633 B2 S W D
High Altitude Bomber / Ground Attack Aircraft
Payload*
1x 7.5mm MAC Weapon Type Range ROF AP MM DM Special
6x Heavy bombs 7.5mm MAC LMG - 4* 8 -2 -3 Top
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Defensive AA: 1 7.5mm 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
Interceptor AA: 0 *Strafes with a total of 2 shots of 7.5mm, at a single target.
Fairey Battle W D
High Altitude Bomber / Ground Attack Aircraft
Payload* * Choose one Bomb load only.
1x .30 Browning Weapon Type Range ROF AP MM DM Special
4x Heavy bombs .30 Browning LMG - 4* 8 -2 -3 Top
2x Vry Hvy bombs Main Gun Penetration
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Defensive AA: 1 .30 Browning 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
Interceptor AA: 0 *Strafes with a total of 2 shots of .30 at a single target.
Britstol Blenheim I and IV S W W D

Payload* *Choose one Bomb load only.
8x Light Bombs NA - - - - - - -
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Defensive AA: 3 NA - - - - - - - - - -
Interceptor AA: 0
91
Breguet XIX a2 W D
Reconnaissance Aircraft (sometimes used in the Ground Attack role)
Payload
1x Vickers MG Weapon Type Range ROF AP MM DM Special
6x Light Bombs 1x Vickers LMG - 4* 1 -2 -3 Top
Defensive AA: 1 D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Interceptor AA: 1 .303 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13
- *Strafes with a total of 2 shots of .303 at a single target.
Henschel Hs 126 W D
Reconnaissance Aircraft (sometimes used in the Ground Attack role)
Payload
1x 7.92mm Weapon Type Range ROF AP MM DM Special
4x Light Bombs 1x 7.92mm LMG - 4* 1 -2 -3 Top
Defensive AA: 1 D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
92
“Spazio Vitale”
Spazio Vitale, vital space, was the ideal that powered Italy’s dream of an Adriatic Empire and her Latin
th
neighbour, Yugoslavia, was a country that Italy sought to annex even since the First World War. On April 6 , 1941
Italy was given it’s opportunity at the invitation of Germany to invade Yugoslavia which was aligning to the Allied
forces after a popular uprising had taken place. Germany provided Italy with a vanquished enemy in the invasion
nd
which laid waste to the Yugoslavian army in a matter of days. Mussolini sent forward the Italian 2 Army to occupy
it’s delegated share of the territories that included Slovenia, Dalmatia, Kosovo, and an Italian Governor presided over
Montenegro.
nd
The Italian 2 Army entered into a land of chaos as Yugoslavia split along ethnic and political lines in a civil
war. Initially two resistance movements formed: the Chetniks (formally known as the Army of the Fatherland) which
were Royalists and the Communist led forces which became known as the National Liberation Army. At first these
partisan groups worked together but quickly began fighting each other as the Chetniks began to align more with the
Axis occupiers and the Communists led by Josip Broz, Tito, garnered the support of the Allies by their attacks on the
Germans, Italians, Chetniks, and Ustasha (Croation Nationalists). A poorly supplied Italian army found itself
employing draconian measures in a failed attempt to quell insurrection. Germany only added to this maelstrom by
dictating terms and policies to the Italian occupiers that often led to more acts of resistance from the local populace.
Italy participated in numerous rastrellamentos, mopping up expiditons, against the partisan forces with it’s own forces
as well as with Germans, Ustasha, and Chetniks in ill fated attempts to destroy Tito’s army. It was to no avail.
Yugoslavia became a chimera both politically and militarily and was more than Italy could control. Italian measures to
stop the insurrection only led to stiffer resistance.
The Italian Capitulation in 1943 did not bring peace to either the Italians or the Yugoslavians. Many Italians decided
to join Tito’s partisans which were gaining ground from the other Axis forces and many more of the Italians that
surrendered found themselves captives of their former Axis partners. Yugoslavia had become Italy’s Götterdamerung.
Partisan Infantry Weapons (all groups): A list of Yugoslavian Partisan infantry anti tank weapons, small arms, and
explosives. Other weapons were certainly available and used both from captured stocks and from those supplied by
sympathetic nations. Feel free to substitute the stats from other lists in this book or from other Iron Ivan Army books
where applicable.
Partisan Small Arms:
Example Type Range ROF AP MM Special
Vz38 Czech Pistol 10” 2 6 - -
Mauser, M24 Rifle 30” 2 8 - -
PPsh 41 SMG 15” 3 6 - -
Zbroyovka, ZB M37 LMG 48” 3 8 -2 -
Captured MG-34 LMG 48” 4 8 -2 -
Captured MG-42 LMG 48” 5 8 -2 -
Captured MG-34 HMG HMG 75” 6 8 -3 -
Captured MG-42 HMG HMG 75” 8 8 -3 -
Maxim, MG08 HMG 75” 4 8 -3 -
Turjak Cannon Bomb Thrower* 24” 1 (3) -2 Indirect
*Note: The Turjak Cannon is something like a portable mortar or bomb thrower. In game terms, it is treated like a Rifle Grenade,
with a maximum range of 24”, with limited Anti-Armor capability. It may not move and fire.
93
Partisan Small Arms Anti-Tank Chart
Weapon Penetration
Type DM 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Any Pistol -3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Turjack Cannon -1 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Partisan Explosives Anti-Tank Chart

Weapon Penetration
Type Range DM 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Satchel Charge 6” +0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
Note: all of the Yugoslavian forces can be considered to carry M35 or M17 grenades.
National Liberation Army (Tito’s Partisans): Motivated
This is a general guideline for Tito’s partisans and should only be looked at as a framework with which to
build your force as there were no “regular” units until late in the war. After the Italian Capitulation, the partisans
gained access to large stocks of weapons including artillery and armor.
Tito’s forces also received support from the British and the Soviet Union. Britain provided 56 M3A3 Stuarts
and 24 AEC MkII armored cars to one brigade and the Soviet Union equipped another brigade with 65 T-34/85 tanks.
Also of note is that successful, well trained partisan brigades were upgraded to Proletarian Brigades and received the
best equipment available and had higher morale. To represent these units upgrade their morale to Elite and give
them the full compliment of support options.
National Liberation Army (Tito’s Partisans) Company Organization: Below is shown the number and type of units
included in your platoon.
1 Rifle Company Command

2-4 Rifle Platoons (1 Rifle Platoon may be replaced with the optional Bombasi Platoon as detailed below)
0-1 Company Support
0-1 Detachment Support
0-1 Brigade Support
0-1 Vehicle Support or Outside Support
Yugo Partisan Rifle Company Command

Command Section: Leads the platoon in battle and coordinates the actions of the squads.
Company Commander 5 6 9 Mauser M24 Rifle, vz38 Czech pistol
Commissar 5 6 8 Mauser M24 Rifle, vz38 Czech pistol
Runners (x2) 5 6 5 Mauser M24 Rifle
Upgrade Commissar or Company Commander to SMG +5

Add 0-4 Partisans with M24 Rifle +9 each
94
Yugo Partisan Rifle Platoon
st
1 Squad: The maneuver element of the Platoon.
Sergeant 5 6 7 Mauser M24 Rifle, vz38 Czech pistol
Partisans (x4) 5 6 5 Mauser M24 Rifle
Upgrade Leader to Beretta SMG +5

Upgrade one Partisan to Bren, zb37, or Breda M30 LMG +18
Upgrade one Partisan to MG-34 LMG +27
Add up to 5 Partisans with M24 Rifle per Squad +9 each
nd
Corporal 5 6 7 Mauser M24 Rifle, vz38 Czech pistol
Upgrade Leader to Beretta SMG +5

Upgrade one Partisan to Bren, zb37, or Breda M30 LMG +18
Add up to 5 Partisans per Squad +9 each
nd
Add 2 more squads led by Corporals (duplicate the 2 squad) +45 each
Notes: 1 Platoon may be upgraded to a Bombasi (Bomber) Platoon. This Platoon is Veteran and are equipped with
only satchel charges and pistols. This is not an additional platoon.
Yugo Partisan Rifle Platoon: Bombasi (Bomber) Platoon

st
Sergeant 5 6 8 vz38 Czech pistol, Satchel Charge
Partisans (x4) 5 6 6 vz38 Czech pistol, Satchel Charges
Add up to 5 Partisans with vz38 Czech pistol per Squad +5 each

nd
Corporal 5 6 7 vz38 Czech pistol, Satchel Charge
Partisans (x4) 5 6 6 vz38 Czech pistol, Satchel Charges
Add up to 5 Partisans with vz38 Czech pistol per Squad +5 each

nd
Add 2 more squads led by Corporals (duplicate the 2 squad) +32 each
Treat elements of the Bombasi Platoon as Engineers in regards to barbed wire, obstacles, and minefields.
Yugo Partisan Company Support: Mortar Team

81mm Mortar Team: Provides indirect fire support to the Company.
Corporal 5 6 6 Mauser M24 Rifle, Vz38 Czech pistol
Gunner 5 6 5 81mm Mortar, Vz38 Czech pistol
Partisan 5 6 5 Mauser M24 Rifle
95
Yugo Partisan Company Support: HMG Team
HMG Team: Provides direct fire support to the Company.
Corporal 5 6 6 Mauser M24 Rifle, Vz38 Czech pistol
Upgrade Gunner to MG-34 HMG +9

Upgrade Gunner to MG-42 HMG +36
Yugo Partisan Detachment Support: ATR Team

ATR Team: Provides the Detachment with anti tank fire support.
Corporal 5 6 6 Vz38 Czech pistol
Gunner 5 6 5 Boys ATR
Upgrade Gunner to PIAT +12
Yugo Partisan Detachment Support: 37mm M30 Anti Tank Gun

37mm ATG: Provides the Detachment with anti tank fire support.
Gunner 5 6 5 37mmM30 ATG, Mauser M24 Rifle
Add 0-1 Partisan with M24 Rifle +9
May be transported by horse limber +10
Yugo Partisan Brigade Support: 75mm M15 Mountain Gun

75mm Mountain Gun: Provides the Brigade with direct and indirect fire support.
Gunner 5 6 5 M15 75mm Mtn Gun, Mauser M24 Rifle
Add 0-2 Partisans with Mauser M24 Rifle +9 each
May be transported by horse limber +10
96
Partisan Groups (Chetnik, Communist, Ustasha, Italian): Motivated
The following is a generic Partisan list that can be used to represent early Chetnik, Communist, or militia
forces as well as any Italian Partisan force after the 1943 Capitulation. In the early period of the war many Balkan
partisans used the weapons of the Yugoslavian army such as the Mauser M24 rifle and later used both captured
German and Italian equipment as well as weapons supplied by Russia and the British. A mix of armament would be
the best representation so substitute what weapons your models are equipped with for the choices. Italian Partisans
also fielded a variety of Italian, captured, and Allied supplied equipment. Feel free to substitute weapons as needed.
Partisan Groups Special Rules:

Disband may be applied to any partisan group
Bunching may be applied for poorly trained partisan groups
Partisan Organization: Below is shown the number and type of units included in your group.
1 Partisan Command
1-4 Partisan Squads
0-1 Partisan support
Partisan Command
Leader 5 6 9 vz38 Czech pistol
Runners (x2) 5 6 5 Mauser M24 Rifle, Vz38 Czech pistol
Upgrade Leader to carry Beretta Modello 38A SMG +9
May be mounted on Horses Free
Partisan Squads
st
1 Squad: The maneuver element of the platoon.
Add 0-4 Partisans armed with Mauser M24 Rifle +9 each

nd
2 Squad: The maneuver element of the platoon.
Add 0-4 Partisans armed with Mauser M24 Rifle +9 each

May all be mounted on Horses Free
Partisan Support: MG Team

MG Team: Provides direct fire support to the group.
Leader 5 6 6 Mauser M24 Rifle
Gunner 5 6 5 ZB 37 LMG
Upgrade Gunner to Maxim or MG08 HMG +9
May be transported by Mule Free
Partisan Support: Marksmen Team

Marksmen Team: Provides aimed and accurate fire for the group.
Partisan (x2) 6 6 5 Mauser M24 Rifle
97
Partisan Support: Turjak Cannon Team
Turjak Cannon Team: Provides direct fire support to the group.
Gunner 6 6 5 Turjak Cannon
Partisan (x2) 6 6 5 Mauser M24 Rifle
Yugo Partisan Artillery
37mm M1930, Light AT Gun Points 28

Loader 37mm M30 AT 48” 1 1 -1 -1 -
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 37mm 5 9 14 18 23 27 32 36 41 45
M15 75mm Skoda, Medium Infantry Gun (75/13) Points 46

2 Gun Crew M15 75mm IG 24” 1 2 -2 +0 Indirect
Basic Sights D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
- 75mm 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
th
Yugo Partisan Vehicles

Slow 3” Tire 1-2 9 AV 1-3 9 AV 1-2 9 AV
Driver
Note: The Partisans had some trucks in service, but the exact makes and models are unclear. This truck is a generic
entry, but presumably captured Italian and German vehicles could also be utilized.
Horse Limber: Though not a true Soft Skinned vehicle, Horse Limbers were used by Greek troops. Any hit by a Main Gun round
automatically destroys the limber, but will not automatically kill the crew. Roll for AP without the confined space explosion (there is
not one). Small Arms fire must be direct, crew and horses count as if in Soft Cover. Figure Horses equal Assigned Crew Size plus
2. Figure minimum number of horses is _ starting number. Artillery may limber/unlimber only if both Gun and Limber do nothing
else, ie they can not Move or Fire. Limbers have only one Speed,12”. They may not cross linear obstacles of any kind or bodies of
water. However, Horse Limbers are unaffected by Adverse Weather, so are not impeded for game purposes by mud or snow. A
Horse Limber is only available to Artillery, and costs +10 points.
Note: Blasts affect all Crew and all Horses, but Direct Small Arms Fire is at the Crew or the Horses, not both. You can not
distribute crew casualties to the horses or vice versa.
98
AEC Mk II Points 89
Gunner
Driver 6 pdr Main Gun 48” 1 1 -1 -1 -
Features Besa MG Coaxial 48” 4 8 -2 -3 +1 Acq/Fire
Radio D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Smoke Discharger 6 pdr 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Stuart M3A3 Points 82

Gunner
- Weapon Location Range ROF AP MM DM Special
Hull Crew 37mmL53 Main Gun 60” 1 1 -1 -1 -
Driver .30 Browning Co-axial 48” 4 8 -2 -3 +1 Acq/Fire
Machinegunner .30 Browning Hull 48” 4 8 -2 -3 -
- .30 Browning Pintle 48” 4 8 -2 -3 AA: (0.20)
Radio 37mmL53 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70
Stuart M3A3 7.5cm Tank Destroyer Points 128

Light, Open Topped, Turretless 1944, Rare DM: +1
Commander
Driver 7.5cm PaK Main Gun 60” 1 2 -2 0 -
Gun Crewman .30 Browning Pintle 48” 4 8 -2 -3 AA: (0.20)
Radio 7.5cm 18 35 53 70 88 105 123 140 458 175
99
Stuart M3A3 Quad 2cm FlaK AA Vehicle Points 154
Light, Anti-Aircraft Tank, Open Topped Turret 1944, Rare DM: +1
Commander Note: the Quad weapon sacrifices some ROF but gains Coaxial Bonus from itself up to 60”.
Driver 2cm Quad* Main Gun 60” 4 9 (1) -3 -2 AA: 2.0
Gun Crewman .30 Browning Pintle 48” 4 8 -2 -3 AA: (0.20)
Radio 2cm 8 15 23 30 38 45 53 60 68 75
T34/85 Early Points 254 Late Points 380

Gunner
Loader Weapon Location Range ROF AP MM DM Special
Hull Crew 85mmL54 Main Gun 48” 1 3 -2 +1 -
Driver 7.62 DT Co-axial 48” 4 8 -2 -3 +1 Acq/Fire
Radio Operator 7.62 DT Hull 48” 4 8 -2 -3 -
Features D10 <2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
Basic Sights Early 85 16 32 48 64 80 96 112 128 144 160
Radio Late 85 23 46 69 92 115 138 161 184 203 230
100
8. End Notes
It has taken a lot of work to bring you this book. The Italian Army can sometimes be a difficult force to
research. There is not a whole lot of information out there at the lower levels such as platoon and squad, and often
what is available can be contradictory. We tried our best to bring you a book that contains accurate information on the
Italians, while keeping many of the lists as flexible as possible to account for differences between units and the
development of the Italian armed forces over time. We hope that what we have presented here is a valuable resource
for gaming the Italians.
Mare Nostrum was not only conceived as a book to cover the Italians in WWII, but as a complete work to
enable you to wargame them in Italy’s other wars such as the Abyssinian War and the Spanish Civil War. In that
regard, Mare Nostrum bridges the gap between our WWII rules system, and our Spanish Civil War supplement,
“Primera Battalla”. We also hope we provide enough for you to wargame all manner of peripheral conflicts such as
the Partisan activity that took place in Italy and the Balkans. We are proud to bring you such lists as the Greeks,
Libyans, and the Ethiopians, as they are a more exotic and less covered topic in wargaming in general.
Note on Guts Scores: The Guts scores presented in each section are meant to be used with opposing forces from
the same era. So when using the Ethiopian list, remember to use the Italians from that same list as the Guts scores
are matched up with each other. Mixing the periods might result in a lopsided game or give unpredictable results.
Keith’s Comments: I have only recently (past 3 years) discovered how enjoyable the Italians can be to play,
especially in WWII. They are also fun to play against, whether it is as Soviets, Americans, or even Germans. From
the sands of North Africa, to the Steppes of the Soviet Union, these guys show up all over the place. They even
fought the French in 1940 along the Maginot Line. Their equipment often leaves a little to be desired, but their platoon
structure is one of the most unique in WWII or the other conflicts giving players a unique tactical challenge. I have
only recently begun to collect and paint my own 28mm force of Regio Esercito, but I plan on doing a platoon of
Paracadatuisti for some late war WWII games. Previously, I have always either borrowed, or played against the
Italians. I have found that I have only scratched the surface with the Italians as a wargaming subject, a fact only more
apparent as I helped write this book. Maybe with some head swaps, I might even paint a Coastal Division force…
Chal’s Comments: The Italians were one of my earlier armies to field, as I was looking for a force that could be used
against as many other opponents as possible. The Italians are “that” force, as they fought, in one form or another,
the British, Soviets, French, Americans, Germans, Greeks, Yugoslavians, … even other Italians! The only major
combatant of WWII they didn’t fight were the Japanese, and that was probably only because of the distance involved.
Early on I did not understand as much about the Italians as I do now. There are many myths to be unlearned, and
also many revisionist beliefs that must be avoided. The Italians were not cowards, and they were not supermen.
They were soldiers. They fought well, they fought long. Under their leader they did commit atrocities, but at the
same time the majority of the Italian soldiery avoided wanton bloodshed, and in the end, most of them made the
decision to follow their conscience. And on the game table, Italians are quite interesting to run. There is nothing like
throwing a couple of CV33s on the table and watching your opponent tremble…. or perhaps that’s laughter?
Jayson’s Comments: I have always been fascinated with the less acknowledged forces involved in WW2 and Italy
was no exception. The more I read about Italy and the scope of their involvement in the War, and Interwar, the more
interested I became. Personally I found the RSI unit Decima Mas to be a fun choice for building a force with it being
the only Italian unit to continue fighting the Allies without bearing the yoke of German control. The Italians fought a
long, hard fight across many countries and without many of the amendments enjoyed by the other countries which in
my eyes make them a tough, enjoyable army to play. The next Italian force for me will be some North African troops
to contest the British or to throw some lead at the newly shored Americans.
Final Thoughts: We hope you enjoy this product and Disposable Heroes & Coffin for Seven Brothers. This is our
next to last supplement in our continuing line of army books for WWII. We also have a lot of free information for your
games on our Yahoo group. Here is a place to chat with other gamers, ask questions, and generally keep up with Iron
Ivan Game releases.
This book is as comprehensive as we can make within the space allowed. Of course there are hundreds if not
thousands of variations on units and whole units not represented here. We try to provide as much variety as possible
in this book to allow players to field the various units of the Italian army. We have also provided as many combat
vehicles and guns as possible, plus some aircraft for support. We feel that all but the most obscure of these are
represented. Vehicles not shown can almost always be “fudged” by using a close variant.
Contact: If you have any questions, concerns, or interest in this product, please contact us at the following websites
and email addresses.
Our Yahoo group: [email protected]
Email: Keith Stine: [email protected]

Chalfant Conley: [email protected]
Please visit our website: www.ironivangames.com
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What is the book about?

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Mare Nostrum

By Keith Stine, Chalfant Conley, and Jayson Gardner

Copyright © 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009

All Rights Reserved Iron Ivan Games

Design, Development, Layout, editing, Research:

2. General Italian Infantry Small Arms 3

The Spanish Civil War (1936-1939): 14

WWII (1939-1945): *Denotes a sub-list 21

Units of the Co-Belligerent Forces 26

Units of the Repubblica Sociale Italiana (RSI) 29

Elites and Specialists (all theaters): 32

4. Italian Artillery: Italian AA, AT, FG, IG Artillery Data Cards 42

5. Italian Vehicles: Italian Armored and Soft Skin Vehicle Data Cards 48

6. Italian Aircraft: Italian Aircraft Data Cards 69

Italian Small Arms

MG-34 LMG: -10 points, convert to M1930 Breda.

Italian Small Arms Anti-Tank Chart

Italian Explosives Anti-Tank Chart

Italian Ranks and equivalents

American Rank Royal Italian Rank CCNN Rank SS Rank

Rank Guts (M) Guts (S) Guts (E) Guts (G)

Gut Scale Point Multiplier

Gut Scale Multiplier

Cavalry (Horse Mounted)

Note: Here is a synopsis for running Mounted Cavalry in your games:

Mule Infantry (Mule Mounted)

Regio Esercito Rifle Platoon Command

Add up to two Runners

Upgrade Lieutenant to M1891 Carcano +4

Regio Esercito Rifle Squad

Rifle Team: The maneuver element of the squad.

Regio Esercito Platoon Support: Light Mortar Team

Upgrade Corporal to M1918 Beretta SMG +4

Add Ammunition Bearer 5 6 4 M1891 Carcano +8

Upgrade Sergeant to M1918 Beretta SMG +4

Regio Esercito Company Support: Anti-Tank Rifle Team

Regio Esercito Company Support: Heavy Mortar Squad

Add Ammunition Bearer 5 6 4 M1891 Carcano +8

Upgrade Sergeant to M1918 Beretta SMG +5

Regio Esercito Company Support: 47mm/32 ATG

Upgrade Sergeant to M1918 Beretta SMG +4

Regio Esercito Outside Support: 65/17mm IG

Upgrade Sergeant to M1918 Beretta SMG +4

Regio Esercito Outside Support: Scout Squad

Regio Esercito Outside Support: Engineer Squad

Blackshirt Rifle Platoon Command

Add up to two Runners

Upgrade Lieutenant to M1891 Carcano +4

Blackshirt Rifle Squad

Rifle Team: The maneuver element of the squad.

Blackshirt Platoon Support: Light Mortar Team

Upgrade Corporal to M1918 Beretta SMG +4

Blackshirt Platoon Support: HMG Squad

Add Ammunition Bearer 5 6 3 M1891 Carcano +7

Upgrade Sergeant to M1918 Beretta SMG +4

Mare Nostrum

2. General Italian Infantry Small Arms 3

4. Italian Artillery: Italian AA, AT, FG, IG Artillery Data Cards 42

5. Italian Vehicles: Italian Armored and Soft Skin Vehicle Data Cards 48

6. Italian Aircraft: Italian Aircraft Data Cards 69