Dbms 1
Dbms 1
Dbms 1
DBMS Basic
Concepts
DBMS
Database Management System
Term Database requires understanding of data and information
Data: It can be anything like name, place or number, etc. Data usually refers to raw
data, or unprocessed data.
Data does not help in decision making Information helps in decision making
Database
A database is a shared collection of logically related data
designed to meet the information needs of an organization
The related information when placed is an organized form
makes a database.
The organization of data/information is necessary because
unorganized information has no meaning.
Purpose of DBMS
An example
University Database:
Data about students, faculty, courses, research-laboratories,
course registration/enrollment etc. Reflects the state of affairs of
the academic aspects of the university.
Purpose: To keep an accurate track of the academic activities of
the university.
Purpose of DBMS
Before DBMSs were introduced, organizations usually stored information in file
processing system which has a number of disadvantages:
Data redundancy and inconsistency
Difficulty in accessing data
Data isolation
Integrity problems
Unauthorized access is not restricted.
It co-ordinates only physical access.
Database Management System
Users: There are number of users who can access or retrieve data
on demand using the applications and the interfaces provided by
DBMS. The users can be:
Naïve users
Online users
Application Programmers
Sophisticated Users
Data base Administrator ( DBA)
Different Types of Database
Users in DBMS
Application Programmers
As its name shows, application programmers are the one who writes
application programs that uses the database. These application
programs are written in programming languages like COBOL or PL
(Programming Language 1), Java and fourth generation language.
These programs meet the user requirement and made according to user
requirements. Retrieving information, creating new information and
changing existing information is done by these application programs.
They interact with DBMS through DML (Data manipulation language)
calls. And all these functions are performed by generating a request to
the DBMS. If application programmers are not there then there will be
no creativity in the whole team of Database.
End Users
End users are those who access the database from the terminal end. They use the
developed applications and they don’t have any knowledge about the design and
working of database. These are the second class of users and their main motto is
just to get their task done. There are basically two types of end users that are
discussed below.
Casual User
These users have great knowledge of query language. Casual users access data by
entering different queries from the terminal end. They do not write programs but
they can interact with the system by writing queries.
Naive
Any user who does not have any knowledge about database can be in this
category. There task is to just use the developed application and get the desired
results. For example: Clerical staff in any bank is a naïve user. They don’t have
any dbms knowledge but they still use the database and perform their given task.
Sophisticated Users - They are database developers, who write SQL queries to
select/insert/delete/update data. They do not use any application or programs to request
the database. They directly interact with the database by means of query language like
SQL.
System Analyst
System analyst is responsible for the design, structure and properties of database. All
the requirements of the end users are handled by system analyst. Feasibility, economic
and technical aspects of DBMS is the main concern of system analyst. x
Components of Database System
DROP vs TRUNCATE
Truncate is normally ultra-fast and its ideal for deleting data from a temporary table.
Truncate preserves the structure of the table for future use, unlike drop table where the table is
deleted with its full structure.
Table or Database deletion using DROP statement cannot be rolled back, so it must be used
wisely.
Database Languages