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    UNIT-11-JUST-SUPPOSE

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    Cesar Rodriguez
    This document discusses different types of conditional sentences in English: - First conditional sentences refer to possible present or future events based on real facts, using the structure "if + present tense, will/can/may + infinitive". - Second conditional sentences refer to unlikely or imaginary present or future events, using the structure "if + past tense, would/could/might + infinitive". - Third conditional sentences refer to unlikely or imaginary past events, using the structure "if + past perfect, would/could/might + have + past participle". Other structures like "wish", "if only", and "I'd rather" can also express hypothetical situations and unreality through tense shifts

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    UNIT-11-JUST-SUPPOSE

    Uploaded by

    Cesar Rodriguez
    83 views13 pages
    This document discusses different types of conditional sentences in English: - First conditional sentences refer to possible present or future events based on real facts, using the structure "if + present tense, will/can/may + infinitive". - Second conditional sentences refer to unlikely or imaginary present or future events, using the structure "if + past tense, would/could/might + infinitive". - Third conditional sentences refer to unlikely or imaginary past events, using the structure "if + past perfect, would/could/might + have + past participle". Other structures like "wish", "if only", and "I'd rather" can also express hypothetical situations and unreality through tense shifts

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    UNIT-11-JUST-SUPPOSE...

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    This document discusses different types of conditional sentences in English: - First conditional sentences refer to possible present or future events based on real facts, using the structure "if + present tense, will/can/may + infinitive". - Second conditional sentences refer to unlikely or imaginary present or future events, using the structure "if + past tense, would/could/might + infinitive". - Third conditional sentences refer to unlikely or imaginary past events, using the structure "if + past perfect, would/could/might + have + past participle". Other structures like "wish", "if only", and "I'd rather" can also express hypothetical situations and unreality through tense shifts

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    83 views13 pages

    UNIT-11-JUST-SUPPOSE

    Uploaded by

    Cesar Rodriguez
    This document discusses different types of conditional sentences in English: - First conditional sentences refer to possible present or future events based on real facts, using the structure "if + present tense, will/can/may + infinitive". - Second conditional sentences refer to unlikely or imaginary present or future events, using the structure "if + past tense, would/could/might + infinitive". - Third conditional sentences refer to unlikely or imaginary past events, using the structure "if + past perfect, would/could/might + have + past participle". Other structures like "wish", "if only", and "I'd rather" can also express hypothetical situations and unreality through tense shifts

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 13

    UNIT 11 JUST SUPPOSE…

    HYPOTHESIZING – FIRST
    CONDITIONAL
    1 FIRST CONDITIONAL SENTENCES ARE BASED ON FACT IN REAL TIME.

    IF I HAVE ENOUGH TIME LATER, I’LL PLAY TENNIS WITH YOU.

    A POSSIBLE CONDITION ITS PROBABLE RESULT


    STRUCTURE:
    PRESENT
    IF WILL
    SIMPLE
    HYPOTHESIZING - SECOND CONDITIONAL
    2 SECOND CONDITIONAL SENTENCES ARE NOT BASED ON FACT. THEY
    EXPRESS A SITUATION WHICH IS CONTRARY TO REALITY IN THE PRESENT
    AND FUTURE. THIS UNREALITY IS SHOWN BY A TENSE SHIFT FROM PRESENT
    TO PAST.

    IF SHE LEARNED TO RELAX, LENA WOULD BE HAPPIER.


    IF HE WORKED A LOT HARDER, HE’D GET A PROMOTION.
    A HYPOTHETICAL ITS PROBABLE
    CONDITION RESULT
    STRUCTURE
    IF PAST SIMPLE WOULD / ‘D
    BOTH FIRST AND SECOND CONDITIONAL SENTENCES CAN REFER TO PRESENT AND FUTURE.
    THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THEM IS NOT ABOUT TIME.

    COMPARE THE SENTENCES. WHICH IS MORE LIKELY?

    YOU’LL LOSE WEIGHT IF YOU DO MORE EXERCISE. (=IT’S POSSIBLE)


    YOU’D LOSE WEIGHT IF YOU DID MORE EXERCISE. (=IT’S LESS LIKELY)

    (I’M OPTIMISTIC)
    IF THE COMPANY SUCCEEDS, WE’LL BE RICH.
    IF THE COMPANY SUCCEEDED, WE’D BE RICH. (I’M LESS OPTIMISTIC)

    BY USING PAST TENSE FORMS IN THE SECOND CONDITIONAL, THE SPEAKER SUGGESTS THE
    SITUATION IS LESS PROBABLE, IMPOSSIBLE OR IMAGINARY.
    (=BASED ON FACT)
    IF I’M THE WINNER, I’LL SHARE THE PRIZE.
    (=IMAGINARY)
    IF I WERE THE WINNER, I’D SHARE THE PRIZE.

    WE CAN USE WERE (NOT WAS), ESPECIALLY IN FORMAL STYLE.


    HYPOTHESIZING – THIRD
    CONDITIONAL
    THIRD CONDITIONAL SENTENCES ARE NOT BASED ON FACT. THEY EXPRESS A SITUATION
    WHICH IS CONTRARY TO REALITY IN THE PAST. THIS UNREALITY IS SHOWN BY A TENSE
    SHIFT FROM PAST SIMPLE TO PAST PERFECT.

    IF I’D KNOWN YOU WERE ILL, I’D HAVE VISITED YOU.

    (=HAD) (=WOULD)
    I DIDN’T KNOW. I DIDN’T VISIT.

    STRUCTURE

    IF PAST PERFECT WOULD / ‘D


    HYPOTHESIZING – THIRD CONDITIONAL
    WHAT ARE THE FACTS?

    IF WE’D HAD TIME, WE’D HAVE GONE TO THE GYM.


    WE DIDN’T HAVE TIME. WE DIDN’T GO TO THE GYM.

    HE WOULDN’T HAVE LEARNED SPANISH IF HE HADN’T LIVED IN


    PERU.
    HE LEARNED SPANISH. HE LIVED IN PERU.
    OTHER STRUCTURES THAT EXPRESS HYPOTHESIS
    WISH, IF ONLY AND I’D RATHER ALSO EXPRESS HYPOTHESIS. THE TENSE USAGE IS
    SIMILAR TO THE SECOND AND THIRD CONDITIONALS. UNREALITY IS EXPRESSED BY
    A TENSE SHIFT.
    I WISH I COULD DRIVE. (BUT I CAN’T.)
    IF ONLY LAURA WERE HERE. (BUT SHE ISN’T.)
    I’D RATHER YOU HADN’T MOVED SO FAR AWAY. (BUT YOU DID.)

    EXPRESS THE WISH OR REGRET ABOUT THESE FACTS.


    LIZ DOESN’T LIKE JOGGING WITH ME. I LIZ LIKED JOGGING WITH ME
    SAM HAS A COLD. IFWISH SAM DIDN’T HAVE A COLD.
    SHE READS COMICS. I’D
    ONLY SHE DIDN’T READ COMICS.
    RATHER
    I’D RATHER YOU IS OFTEN USED AS A POLITE WAY TO TELL SOMEONE NOT TO
    DO SOMETHING.
    I’D RATHER YOU DIDN’T TURN ON THE TV.

    WISH…WOULD CAN BE USED TO COMPLAIN BECAUSE SOMEONE WILL KEEP


    DOING SOMETHING.
    I WISH YOU’D LISTEN TO ME. (YOU WON’T LISTEN.)
    I WISH YOU’D TIDY YOUR ROOM. (YOU WON’T TIDY YOUR ROOM.)
    BUT
    I WISH YOU WERE TIDIER.
    I WISH I COULD SING WELL.

    IF WE’RE NOT TALKING ABOUT WILLINGNESS, WISH…WOULD IS NOT USED.

    I’M SO DISORGANIZED. I WISH I WEREN’T SO DISORGANIZE

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