Dynamic Property of Rocks: Types of Wave Theory
Dynamic Property of Rocks: Types of Wave Theory
Dynamic Property of Rocks: Types of Wave Theory
WAVE T HEORY
DYNAMIC
PROPERTY OF
ROCKS
Prepared by:
PARALES, MARINEL M.
ROCKS
F O R A L L T H E R O C K T Y P E S , T H E AT T E N U AT I O N
C O E F F I C I E N T WA S L I N E A R LY P R O P O RT I O N A L
TO THE FREQUENCY OF BOTH THE P AND S
WAV E S .
U N D E R S TA N D I N G O F T H E M AT E R I A L P R O P E RT I E S O F A
S U B S TA N C E I S C R U C I A L T O I N V E S T I G AT E T H E
P H Y S I C A L , C H E M I C A L , A N D T H E R M A L B E H AV I O R S
A S S O C I AT E D W I T H I T. T H E R E F O R E , O V E R T H E PA S T
D E C A D E S , R E S E A R C H E R S H AV E S T U D I E D D I F F E R E N T
T Y P E S O F M AT E R I A L S T O E VA L U AT E T H E I R U S A G E I N
A B R O A D R A N G E O F A P P L I C AT I O N S .
S U R FA C E WAV E S
Travelling only through the crust, it has a lower frequency than
body waves, and are easily distinguished on a seismogram.
surface waves that are almost entirely responsible for the
damage and destruction associated with earthquakes.
BODY WAVES
P WAV E O R P R I M A RY WAV E
fastest kind of seismic wave, and,
consequently, the first to 'arrive' at a
seismic station. The P wave can move
through solid rock and fluids, like water or
the liquid layers of the earth. It pushes and
S WAV E O R S E C O N D A RY WAV E
pulls the rock it moves through just like
sound waves push and pull the air. secondary wave is what you feel in an
earthquake. An S wave is slower than a P
wave and can only move through solid
rock. S waves move rock particles up and
down, or side to side perpendicular to the
direction that the wave is traveling.
SURFACE WAVES
L O V E WAV E R AY L E I G H WAV E
Named after A.E.H. Love, a British Named after Lord Rayleigh, who mathematically
mathematician who worked out the predicted the existence of this kind of wave in
mathematical model for this kind of 1885. A Rayleigh wave rolls along the ground just
wave in 1911. It's the fastest surface like a wave rolls across a lake or an ocean. Because
wave and moves the ground from it rolls, it moves the ground up and down, and side-
side-to-side. Confined to the surface to-side in the same direction that the wave is
of the crust, Love waves produce moving. Most of the shaking felt from an
entirely horizontal motion. earthquake is due to the Rayleigh wave, which can
be much larger than the other waves.