Analisa Pressure Build Up Test
Analisa Pressure Build Up Test
Analisa Pressure Build Up Test
OBJECTIVES
Reservoir characteristics that can be calculated from a well test include, but are not limited
to, the following:
All well tests undergo a transient or infinite-acting radial flow period at some
point in the test. As a result, an analysis technique based on this flow regime
would be universally applicable as long as this flow regime could be
recognized on the data. The following sections demonstrate how to
recognize and analyze this flow regime.
Pressure buildup testing is the most familiar transient well-testing technique, which
has been used extensively in the petroleum industry. Basically, the test is conducted
by producing a well at constant rate for some time, shutting the well in (usually at the
surface), allowing the pressure to build up in the wellbore, and recording the down-
hole pressure in the wellbore as a function of time.
From these data, it is possible to estimate the formation permeability and current
drainage area pressure, and to characterize damage or stimulation and reservoir
heterogeneity or boundaries frequently.
If a well is shut-in after it has produced at rate q for time tp and the bottom-
hole pressure pws is recorded at time dt, then a plot of pws versus log (tp
–dt)/dt will give a straight line, which is represented by the following equation:
A single-phase and single-rate pressure buildup test was conducted on an oil well. The
data is given in Table. The following well/reservoir parameters are given: Bo = 1.224
rb/stb, h = 55 ft, Poro = 0.06, rw = 0.21 ft, co = 1.5 x 10-6, and Viso = 0.65 cP, psc =
14.65 psia, T = 2000F, re = 1520ft, and Rho0 = 53.51bm/ft3.
Assume the well is draining from the center of a square. Well depth = 4500 ft, q/ = final
production rate at shut-in time = 250 stb/day, and cumulative production at shut-in time =
141,979 stb.
1. At what shut-in time At does afterflow cease and boundary effect appear?
2. Formation permeability, k
3. Skin factor, s
4. Additional pressure drop near the wellbore, (Ap)skin
5. Effective wellbore radius, rwa
6. Flow efficiency FE using p*
7. Damage ratio DR using/?*
8. Productivity index, PI
9. Radius of investigation by the shut-in transient at the start and end of the MTR
10. End of wellbore storage distortion.
SOLUTION
2. Determine end of wellbore storage, time at beginning MTR and end of MTR
4. Determine permeability
5. Determine other parameter s, dPskin, rwa, FE, DR, PI, rinv.
Log-log single-rate buildup data plot.
Semilog single-rate buildup data plot.
COMPUTATIONAL MODEL
A computational model that describes the relationship between the pressure, flow rate
and reservoir rock and fluids properties In its simplest form is the diffusivity equation for
a well in the center of a circular, homogeneous, horizontal reservoir, uniform thickness
and a 1 phase fluid that obeys Darcy's law.
While the equation cannot be solved directly, indirect techniques provide a satisfactory
estimate using numerical computation.
The flow geometry for that area affected by the test can be the most common model
used to represent the pressure behavior of the reservoir is radial flow, where all flow
occurs radially toward the well between impermeable upper and lower boundaries at
a constant surface flow rate. The interpretation of test data will yield average
reservoir properties even when reservoir heterogeneities exist.
WELL TEST DATA INTERPRETATION
There are three major steps to a unified approach to well test data interpretation:
Note :
II. Objective: Safety is Priority #1.
Check all Emergency Shutdown system and function test the equipment before the job.
1. To measure formation productivity Flare to be ready
Confirm data acquisition is up and running before running in hole.
2. To measure Static Reservoir Pressure
3. To evaluate/estimate Reservoir Properties and characteristics
Jakarta, May 22, 2007
Distribution :
7
Top Baturaja Fm.
-0
ok
Depth Structure Map
95
OW
C.i : 2 m C 15
mss 14
OWC 1514
ASDJ-73X
mss
Air Serdang Field
TOP BRF
Depth Structure Map
C.I: 2 m
OWC 1514
mss
H = 9m ; Poro = 25 %
PERM = < 10 Md ; SW = 20 %
Perforation = 7 m ; API = 31
WELL CONDITIONS
FMC GL: 50.961 m JOB PERTAMINA-TALISMAN (OK) LTD.
KB: 55.176 m.
ESP Elect.
Cable.
Marker PJ ( 3.12 m )
1-27/8" tbg
Note :
F-nipple
2 7/8" PJ
PR-3 pkr
CCSV
2-2 7/8" tbg 1. Get Stuck (slow pumping for ± 18.5 hrs) caused by DW-
Drop-bar Firing-head
Safety-spacer
transmission broken while drilling @1598m before free
Perf. BRF
Perf.gun 5 1/2"
1529.50 - 1536.50 m
Bull-nose
after 235 x jarring.
7" Saga BP ( 1580 m )
2. Partial loss ± 62 Bbl while circ for 7” cementing.
3. Flow without swabbing after perforation with TCP.
Perf TAF 1601-1605 M
1000
807.4 1243.8 1684.5
800
1135.9 1036.5 2242.1
600
1413.6 829.2 2799.6
400
1640.5 621.9 3357.2
200
1816.5 414.6 3914.7
1941.8 207.3 4472.2 0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
2016.2 0.0 5029.8
Q (bfpd)
DEPTH (M)
DEPTH (M)
1,000 300 984 630 0.108 0.249 500 1,641 918 0.0256
400 1,312 674 0.134 0.310 1,000
600 1,969 926 0.0250
500 1,641 742 0.208 0.481
750 2,461 938 0.0244
600 1,969 815 0.222 0.513
900 2,953 986 0.0971
750 2,461 892 0.156 0.360
1,050 3,445 1144 0.3214
1,250 900 2,953 974 0.166 0.384 1,250
1,050 3,445 1,060 0.176 0.405 1,200 3,937 1301 0.3186
1,200 3,937 1,090 0.061 0.140 1,350 4,429 1456 0.3147
1,350 4,429 1,119 0.060 0.138 1,400 4,593 1507 0.3121
1,400 4,593 1,156 0.226 0.520 1,450 4,757 1558 0.3127
1,500 1,450 4,757 1,156 0.000 0.000 1,500 1,480 4,856 1618 0.6004
7
Top Baturaja Fm.
-0
ok
Depth Structure Map
95
OW
C.i : 2 m C 15
mss 14
OWC 1514
ASDJ-73X
mss
Air Serdang Field
TOP BRF
Depth Structure Map
C.I: 2 m
OWC 1514
mss
Ri ~ 770 ft
ASDJ73 48 HRS FLOW TEST BEFORE BU
24-26 MAY 2007
1200 80
1000 75
800 70
BWPD
600 65
400 60
200 55
0 50
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
HOURS
BOPD MCFD BLPD BWPD
SHUT-IN WHP MONITORING
4
3
102
p / Derivative , psi
8
6
4
3
2
101
8
6
4
3
2
p / Derivativedata
Derivative data
1.0
3 4 5 6 7 89 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 2 3
1.0 101 102
t , h
STRIP CHART BU ASDJ73 BRF 24-30 MAY 2007
Diagnostic Analysis PBU ASDJ73 BRF
Typecurve t 92.05 h
104 p 1659.0 psi
7 r inv 918.985 ft
4
2
103
7 Storage 1
4 C 0.05 bbl/psi
2 CD 282.59
p / Derivative , psi
102
7
4 Radial 0
k 277.854 md
2
s' 25.555
101 p* 1678.1 psi
7 t 0.17 h
p 1456.4 psi
4
2
1.0
7
4 t 13.57 h
2 p 1642.0 psi
r inv 359.107 ft p / Derivativedata
10-1 Derivative data
8
5
2 3 4 5 6 78 2 3 4 5 6 78 2 3 4 5 6 78 2 3 4 5 6 78 2 3
10-2 10-1 1.0 101 102
Real Time , h
MODEL PARAMETER
AL PERFORATION MODEL BU ASDJ73 BRF
PRESSURE BUILDk =UP ANALYSIS
276.007 md
sd = 19.934
Plan View
(Not to scale)
k = 276.007 md
sd = 19.934 2 pi (syn) 1703.5 psi
Plan View p* 1700.5 psi
Infinite
(Not to scale)
Infinite 103 Cumoil 77.54 Mbbl
7
5
Yw = 183 Infinite
No Flow
3
2
3
2
kh 8149.80 md.ft
101 h 29.528 ft
Side View 7 hp 22.966 ft
(Not to scale) 5 k 276.007 md
kh/kv 0.100
No Flow Top of Reservoir 3
s' 26.210
2
htop = 3.281 Side
ft View sPP 0.581
sd 19.934 p / Derivativedata
h = 29.528 ft
(Not to scale)
hp = 22.966 ft 3
No Flow Bottom of Reservoir
2 3 4 5 678 2 3 4 5 6 78 2 3 4 5 6 78 2 3 4 5 6 78 2
10-2 10-1 1.0 101 102
No Flow Bottom of Reservoir
Real Time , h
Pressure History_(by well)
BRF (CTR) ASD
ASD-2 ASD-3 ASD-4 ASD-6 ASD-7 ASD-8 ASD-9 ASD-10 ASD-11
ASD-16 ASDJ-1 ASDJ-2 ASDJ-3 ASDJ-4 ASDJ-5 ASDJ-7 ASDJ-8 ASDJ-9
ASDJ-10 ASDJ-11 ASDJ-12 ASDJ-14 ASDJ-15 ASDJ-16 ASDJ-18 ASDJ-37 ASDJ-47
ASDJ-48 ASDJ-52 ASDJ-53 ASDJ-70 ASDJ-73
3,000
2,750
2,500
2,250
2,000
Pressure (PSI)
1,750
1,500
1,250
1,000
750
500
250
0
Jan-89
Jan-90
Jan-91
Jan-92
Jan-93
Jan-94
Jan-95
Jan-96
Jan-97
Jan-98
Jan-99
Jan-00
Jan-01
Jan-02
Jan-03
Jan-04
Jan-05
Jan-06
Jan-08
Jan-07
Date
DRILLING HISTORY.
HOLE (") : 8 1/2
TIME BREAKDOWN (00:00 - 24:00)
HRS O P E R A T I O N
5.50 DF f/ 1505 to 1531 m
0.50 Circ for cutting observation ( Top BRF @ 1530 m )
12.50 Cont'd DF to 1598 m, yoke of the propeller main-transmission of DW - broken ( DW no fungtion,
string live static / can't move or rotate )
14.50 Repair on DW-transmission while slow circulation
Estimate Top BRF @ 1530 mTop TAF-Shale @ 1583 mTop TAF-Sand @ 1596 m
4.00 Tried move the string, got stuck. Attemted for get free the stuck by jars-job w/ max OP 100,000 #
( after jaring-up on 155 times, the jars work in proferly / good working ). On 235 times jaring the
string got free. Circ for cleaning hole w/ working in string
8.00 Wiper-trip to 9 5/8" csg-shoe for hole condition after stuck ( tight-hole @ 1530 m w/ OP 30,000 #
when POOH and @ 1560 m tagged 15,000 # when RIH back )
15.50 Cont'd DF f/ 1598 to 1650 m;Circ hoie cleaning;Wipper-trip to 9 5/8" shoe
o
1.75 Circ, deviation survey = 5 1/2 ,swift hole by hi-vis mud, circ and drop 30 bbls hi-vis mud in bottom.
6.25 POOH bit # 4 to surface
5.00 Logging DLL-MSFL-GR-SP-LDL-CNL-BHC-Cal by Slb
7.00 M/U and RIH 8 1/2" bit to 1650 m.
o
2.00 Circ hole cleaning, spot 30 bbls hi-vis mud in bottom, re-survey for deviation = 5 1/2
9.00 POOH the 8 1/2" bit while L/D all drilling-string. Slack-off 5 1/4" kelly
14.50 Prepared & RIH 7" csg to 1648 m csg-shoe and FC @ 1635 m ( BC @ 508, 901 and1204 m )
1.50 Instaled cementing-head. Circulation, partial loss 0.5 - 0 bbls / mnt ( total mud loss = 62 bbls )
1.00 Load btm & top-plug in cementing-head. Held safety meeting. Flush line and test to 2000 psi
2.00 Pump 30 bbls spacer-fluid SP-01. Drop btm-plug, mix and pump 94.7 bbls cement-slurry of
15.2 ppg ( 214 sx cmnt G ). Drop top-plug, displace w/ 211 bbls fresh-water, bumping pressure
2000 psi. Hold for 5 mnts, bleed off pressure - fluid back 1.5 bbls, float in function. Job complete
9.00 L/D 5 1/4" kelly, swivel and floor accessories
Pick-up 13 5/8" BOPs, set 7" csg-hanger, rough cut 7" csg excess, N/D 13 5/8" BOPs. Finnal cut
7" csg, N/U section-B WH ( tbg-spool ). Test seal w/ 2500 psi - good. N/U x-tree
Rig released Jan 24, 2007
MUD PROPERTIES TOTAL MUD TANK VOLUME (bbls) = 340 MUD DUMPED (bbls) = 0
MUD TYPE TIME = 12.00 YP = 8 Tot. Sol. % = 6 Mf = 1.2
KCL PHPA DEPTH = 1650 PV = 6 MBT = - Cl = 28,000
FL temp = Gel = 3/7 Sand % = 0.2 Ca = 160
Samp. loc MW = 9.6 pH = 10 K+ = 30,000 RPM600/300 = 0
(in / out) Visc. = 35 FC = 1 PM = 0.6 RPM 200/ 100 = 0
WL = 8 HTHP = Pf = 0.6 RPM 6 / 3 = 0
Cont'd RIH 7" csg to 1648 m csg-shoe and FC @ 1635 m ( BC @ 508, 901 and1204 m )
Instaled cementing-head. Circulation, partial loss 0.5 - 0 bbls / mnt ( total mud loss = 62 bbls )
Load btm & top-plug in cementing-head. Held safety meeting. Flush line and test to 2000 psi
Pump 30 bbls spacer-fluid SP-01. Drop btm-plug, mix and pump 94.7 bbls cement-slurry of
15.2 ppg ( 214 sx cmnt G ). Drop top-plug, displace w/ 211 bbls fresh-water, bumping pressure
2000 psi. Hold for 5 mnts, bleed off pressure - fluid back 1.5 bbls, float in function. Job complete
L/D 5 1/4" kelly, swivel and floor accessories
Pick-up 13 5/8" BOPs, set 7" csg-hanger, rough cut 7" csg excess, N/D 13 5/8" BOPs. Finnal cut
7" csg, N/U section-B WH ( tbg-spool ). Test seal w/ 2500 psi - good. N/U x-tree
Rig released