Caribbean Identity and Culture

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CARIBBEAN IDENTITY AND

CULTURE

Defining Identity
An identity may be defined as the
individual characteristics, style or manner
that is fundamental to a person and by
which that person is recognised. Identity is
influenced by personal choice but also by
society through existing social and cultural
situations.

Factors influencing identity


formation in the Caribbean
Caribbean people organize themselves around
various institutions. These include:
Race and ethnicity identities may emerge
based on particular racial/ethnic characteristics
of individuals. These are often powerful
identification points which can cut across
geographical lines.
Religion membership in particular religious
structures also offers a strong basis for
identification.

History the experience of the Caribbean which


includes slavery, indentureship and colonialism
provide a united set of shared experiences for a
large group of people and can be identified by
their current opposition to the forces that shaped
their lives.
Politics many Caribbean people choose to
identify themselves based on political
allegiances. These are sometimes passed on,
often without question from one generation to
another.

Geography this is one of the fundamental identity


formation tools for Caribbean people. Many people often
choose to define themselves in terms of the territory in
which they were born. Even within various territories,
one notes smaller divisions based on, for example,
location.
Linguistics the early history of the region reflects inputs
of people from different parts of the world. This has
resulted in a rich cultural mix. A consequence of this is a
linguistic tradition of different languages, pidgins and
creoles. These cut across racial, political and
geographical boundaries and unite many based on an
appreciation for common linguistic heritage.
(anglophone, francophone and hispanic)

IS THERE A CARIBBEAN IDENTIY?

In light of the demographic and cultural diversity of


the Caribbean and the range of factors that can
impact on identity, it has been argued that there
is no such thing as a single Caribbean Identity.
This belief emerges from the reality of the
differences that can be identified within the
region
Girvan (2001) states that it is fashionable to speak
of a Caribbean identity , but it is more realistic
to accept that there are many cultural identities
co-existing within a society and more so in the
region.

Factors which give rise to the


differences
The colonial, cultural heritage of French,
Spanish, Dutch and British Caribbean
The physical nature of the archipelago
Insularity and fragmentation
Social stratification
Ethnic separatism (pluralism)

Commonalities
It is reasonable to speak of a Caribbean identity
on the grounds that there are key elements that
define such identity.
A common historical legacy of slavery,
colonialism and now globalization
A common inheritance of the norms and values
of plantation society
A common high regard for cricket
A love for music, art and festival
Similar family norms related to closeness,
nurturing, hospitality

Postscript
One may find that there are many
Caribbean identities which are highly
defined within the Caribbean, but
distinctions blur the further one goes from
the Caribbean.
Is there any support for the view that a
Caribbean identity is more evident among
Caribbean nationals living abroad than it
is among nationals within the region?

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