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    Application Components

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    Application Components

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    Application Components

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    of 4

    2/18/2020 Android - Application Components - Tutorialspoint

    Android - Application Components

    Application components are the essential building blocks of an


    Android application. These components are loosely coupled by the
    application manifest file AndroidManifest.xml that describes each
    component of the application and how they interact.
    There are following four main components that can be used within
    an Android application −

    Sr.No Components & Description

    Activities
    1 They dictate the UI and handle the user interaction to
    the smart phone screen.

    Services
    2 They handle background processing associated with an
    application.

    Broadcast Receivers
    3 They handle communication between Android OS and
    applications.

    Content Providers
    4
    They handle data and database management issues.

    https://www.tutorialspoint.com/android/android_application_components.htm 1/4
    2/18/2020 Android - Application Components - Tutorialspoint

    Activities
    An activity represents a single screen with a user interface,in-short
    Activity performs actions on the screen. For example, an email
    application might have one activity that shows a list of new emails,
    another activity to compose an email, and another activity for
    reading emails. If an application has more than one activity, then
    one of them should be marked as the activity that is presented
    when the application is launched.

    An activity is implemented as a subclass of Activity class as


    follows −

    public class MainActivity extends Activity {


    }

    Services
    A service is a component that runs in the background to perform
    long-running operations. For example, a service might play music
    in the background while the user is in a different application, or it
    might fetch data over the network without blocking user interaction
    with an activity.

    A service is implemented as a subclass of Service class as follows


    −

    public class MyService extends Service {


    }

    Broadcast Receivers

    Broadcast Receivers simply respond to broadcast messages from


    other applications or from the system. For example, applications
    can also initiate broadcasts to let other applications know that
    https://www.tutorialspoint.com/android/android_application_components.htm 2/4
    2/18/2020 Android - Application Components - Tutorialspoint

    some data has been downloaded to the device and is available for
    them to use, so this is broadcast receiver who will intercept this
    communication and will initiate appropriate action.
    A broadcast receiver is implemented as a subclass of
    BroadcastReceiver class and each message is broadcaster as an
    Intent object.

    public class MyReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {


    public void onReceive(context,intent){}
    }

    Content Providers

    A content provider component supplies data from one application


    to others on request. Such requests are handled by the methods of
    the ContentResolver class. The data may be stored in the file
    system, the database or somewhere else entirely.
    A content provider is implemented as a subclass of
    ContentProvider class and must implement a standard set of APIs
    that enable other applications to perform transactions.

    public class MyContentProvider extends ContentProvider {


    public void onCreate(){}
    }

    We will go through these tags in detail while covering application


    components in individual chapters.

    Additional Components

    There are additional components which will be used in the


    construction of above mentioned entities, their logic, and wiring
    between them. These components are −

    https://www.tutorialspoint.com/android/android_application_components.htm 3/4
    2/18/2020 Android - Application Components - Tutorialspoint

    S.No Components & Description

    Fragments
    1
    Represents a portion of user interface in an Activity.

    Views
    2 UI elements that are drawn on-screen including buttons,
    lists forms etc.

    Layouts
    3 View hierarchies that control screen format and
    appearance of the views.

    Intents
    4
    Messages wiring components together.

    Resources
    5 External elements, such as strings, constants and
    drawable pictures.

    Manifest
    6
    Configuration file for the application.

    https://www.tutorialspoint.com/android/android_application_components.htm 4/4

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