Android Practical Questions

What is An Activity ?
Activities are one of the fundamental building blocks of apps on the Android platform. They serve
as the entry point for a user's interaction with an app, and are also central to how a user
navigates within an app (as with the Back button) or between apps (as with the Recents button).
What is the APK format ?
What is An Intent ?
An intent is an abstract description of an operation to be performed. It can be used
with startActivity to launch an Activity, broadcastIntent to send it to any
interested BroadcastReceiver components,
and startService(Intent) or bindService(Intent, ServiceConnection, int) to
communicate with a background Service.
What is an explicit Intent ?
Explicit intents specify the component to start by name (the fully-qualified class name).
You'll typically use an explicit intent to start a component in your own app, because you
know the class name of the activity or service you want to start. For example, you can start a
new activity in response to a user action or start a service to download a file in the
background.
Implicit intents do not name a specific component, but instead declare a general action to
perform, which allows a component from another app to handle it. For example, if you want
to show the user a location on a map, you can use an implicit intent to request that another
capable app show a specified location on a map.
What is an implicit Intent ?

What do ADT stands for ?
Android Developer Tools (ADT) is a plugin for Eclipse that provides GUI-based access to
many of the command-line Android SDK tools.
As with ADT, support for the Ant tool for building from the command line has
ended. Gradle is now the supported method of building Android apps.
What are the tools are placed in An Android SDK ?

Android emulator
Sdk build tools
Android plugin for gradle
SDK Manager
SDK Platform tools
What is a service in android ?
A service is started when an application component, such as an activity, starts it by calling
startService(). Once started, a service can run in the background indefinitely, even if the
component that started it is destroyed
What is a content provider in android ?
Content providers can help an application manage access to data stored by itself, stored by
other apps, and provide a way to share data with other apps. They encapsulate the data,
and provide mechanisms for defining data security. Content providers are the standard
interface that connects data in one process with code running in another process
What is ADB in android ?
Android Debug Bridge (adb) is a versatile command-line tool that lets you communicate
with a device (an emulator or a connected Android device). The adb command
facilitates a variety of device actions, such as installing and debugging apps, and it
provides access to a Unix shell that you can use to run a variety of commands on a
device. It is a client-server program that includes three components:
A client, which sends commands. The client runs on your development machine. You can invoke
a client from a command-line terminal by issuing an adb command.
A daemon (adbd), which runs commands on a device. The daemon runs as a background
process on each device.
A server, which manages communication between the client and the daemon. The server runs
as a background process on your development machine.
adb is included in the Android SDK Platform-Tools package
What is an Adapter in android ?

Adapter object acts as a bridge between an AdapterView and the underlying data for that view.
The Adapter provides access to the data items. The Adapter is also responsible for making
a View for each item in the data set
What are the key components in android architecture ?
The main components of an android Operating system are :
1. Linux Kernel
2. Libraries
3. Android Runtime
4. Application Framework
5. Applications
Linux Kernel: Android runs on Linux 2.6. It provides the core functionality of security, memory
management, process management, network stack and driver model. It also acts as an abstract
layer between the hardware and the software stack.
Android Runtime: It is a list of core libraries that provide most of the functionality available in
the core libraries of the java programming language.
An Android application runs in its own process with its own instance of a Dalvik Virtual
machine (DVM). Dalvik has the ability to run multiple VM's effectively. The DVM executes
files in .dex format (Dalvik Executable format). This is optimized for minimal memory
footprint. The virtual machine is register based anbd runs classes compiled by a java based
compiler into the .dex format by a dx tool provided along with it.
The dalvik VM relies on the Linux Kernel for the underlying functionality like threading
and memory management.
Libraries: Android includes C/C++ libraries used by components of the android system. These
librairs are exposed by the application framework.
System C library - a BSD-derived implementation of the standard C system library
(libc) for the Linux platform devices.
Media Libraries - It is based on Packet Video's "OpenCORE". These libraries support
playback and recording of many popular audio and video formats, as well as static image files,
including MPEG4, H.264, MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, and PNG
Surface Manager - manages access to the display subsystem and seamlessly composites
2D and 3D graphic layers from multiple applications
LibWebCore - a modern web browser engine which powers both the Android browser
and an embeddable web view
SGL - the underlying 2D graphics engine
3D libraries - an implementation based on OpenGL ES 1.0 APIs; the libraries use either
hardware 3D acceleration (where available) or the included, highly optimized 3D software
rasterizer.
FreeType - bitmap and vector font rendering
SQLite - a powerful and lightweight relational database engine available to all
applications
Application Framework: Android allows applications with rich content to be developed by
proving all the core libraries through the application framework. Developers can access the
device hardware, location information, set alarms and many more extensive features because of
this ability.
Underlying the framework are some of the services namely
Views
Content Providers
Resource manager
Notification manager
Activation manager
Applications: Android comes with some of the standard applications like Contacts,
calendar,maps, browser, sms etc. All apps are written in java.
What does the intent filter do in android ?
<intent-filter android:icon="drawable resource"
android:label="string resource"
android:priority="integer" >
. . .
</intent-filter>
specifies the types of intents that an activity, service, or broadcast receiver can respond to. An
intent filter declares the capabilities of its parent component what an activity or service can do
and what types of broadcasts a receiver can handle. It opens the component to receiving intents
of the advertised type, while filtering out those that are not meaningful for the component.
What is fragment in android ?

A Fragment represents a behavior or a portion of user interface in an Activity. You can
combine multiple fragments in a single activity to build a multi-pane UI and reuse a fragment
in multiple activities. You can think of a fragment as a modular section of an activity, which
has its own lifecycle, receives its own input events, and which you can add or remove while
the activity is running (sort of like a "sub activity" that you can reuse in different activities).
What is ART?
The Android runtime (ART) is the default runtime for devices running Android 5.0 (API level
21) and higher. This runtime offers a number of features that improve performance and
smoothness of the Android platform and apps.
What is broadcast receiver in android ?
Base class for code that receives and handles broadcast intents sent by sendBroadcast(Intent).
An application listens for specific broadcast intents by registering a broadcast

receiver. Broadcast receivers are implemented by extending the Android
BroadcastReceiver class and overriding the onReceive() method. The broadcast
receiver may then be registered, either within code (for example within an activity),
or within a manifest file. Part of the registration implementation involves the creation
of intent filters to indicate the specific broadcast intents the receiver is required to
listen for.
In the event that a matching intent is detected, the Android runtime system will
automatically start up the broadcast receiver before calling the onReceive() method.

Android Practical Questions

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Android Practical Questions

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What is An Activity ?

What is an implicit Intent ?

What are the tools are placed in An Android SDK ?

adb is included in the Android SDK Platform-Tools package

What is an Adapter in android ?

What is fragment in android ?

An application listens for specific broadcast intents by registering a broadcast

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