LITERATURE REVIEW

1.0 Theoretical Review

Awareness is a key factor in the adoption of new technologies. Before users can consider

adopting a technology, they need to know it exists, understand its features, and recognize its

potential benefits. In the case of Chat-GPT, awareness involves understanding its functions,

applications, and limitations (Muhammed, 2024). Raising awareness can be done through

educational efforts. When users learn about the uses and advantages of Chat-GPT, they are

more likely to develop a positive attitude toward it, increasing their willingness to adopt it.

This might include tutorials, demonstrations, or information campaigns. Previous research

(Patrick et al., 2023) has shown that greater awareness is linked to a higher intention to adopt.

Chat-GPT's advanced abilities to generate coherent responses and adjust to different

conversation styles also help boost awareness (Betharia, 2023).

According to Hayder (2024), users are more inclined to adopt Chat-GPT when they

understand its potential to improve communication, simplify tasks, and enhance the user

experience. Additionally, social influences—such as recommendations from peers,

colleagues, or online communities—play a crucial role in raising awareness. Positive

feedback, testimonials, and success stories shared by early adopters help create a clearer

understanding of Chat-GPT’s benefits, encouraging a more favorable environment for

adoption.

2.0 Chat-GPT as Artificial Intelligence

Chat-GPT is an advanced language model that enables more natural, conversational

interactions between users and computers, quickly becoming a standout in the field of

artificial intelligence (Ranky, 2023). Developed by OpenAI, it is based on the GPT

(Generative Pre-trained Transformer) technology. Officially launched on November 30,

2022, Chat-GPT is designed to generate human-like text by predicting the next word in a

sentence based on the previous context (Nnaemeka et al., 2024).

The platform reached one million users within its first week and expanded to 100 million

users in just two months, earning the title of "the next big disruptor" due to the high quality of

its responses. According to Muhammed (2024), its popularity is largely attributed to its

ability to produce human-like responses, which has proven especially beneficial for online

learners.

Chat-GPT continually improves its abilities through machine learning and was trained on a

diverse range of internet texts, such as books, articles, and websites, covering topics like

news and fiction (Patrick et al., 2023). Additionally, it was refined using Reinforcement

Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF), incorporating human input into the training process

to enhance its performance.

Incorporating human feedback into the training process improves Chat-GPT's ability to learn

from various perspectives and adjust to evolving situations. The model was trained on 570

GB of data, representing 300 billion words, and contains around 175 billion parameters. This

equips Chat-GPT with the contemporary knowledge and expertise needed to handle a wide

range of modern-day tasks. The AI chatbot, used by millions, can perform diverse functions,

such as answering questions, telling stories, writing web code, learning languages, solving

mathematical problems, and even conceptualizing complex ideas (Hayder, 2024). This

highlights its role not only as an information processor but also as an analyzer, generator, and

creator of new content.

While GPT technology is a powerful tool for natural language processing (NLP), it has its

limitations. One key issue is that GPT models use a statistical approach that may reinforce
existing biases and stereotypes found in the data (Nnaemeka, 2024). Additionally, because

the model was trained on a vast amount of internet data, some of it may include errors, biases,

or offensive content, which can pose challenges in applications like customer service

chatbots. Chat-GPT can also become confused when faced with overly complex prompts.

Furthermore, its use in education has sparked concerns about potential risks and challenges

(Betharia, 2023).
 REFERENCES

Betharia S. (2023): “Students’ Awareness on The Use of Chat-GPT In Learning Reading and

Writing”, International Virtual Conference on Language and Literature Proceeding

IVICOLL 2023 E-ISSN 2746-8402 Vol 3

Hayder A. (2024): “Investigating undergraduate students' perceptions and awareness of using

ChatGPT as a regular assistance tool: A user acceptance perspective study”,

ResearchGate Publicaition, DOI:10.1016/j.caeai.2024.100203

Muhammed F. (2024): “ChatGPT awareness, acceptance, and adoption in higher education:

the role of trust as a cornerstone”, International Journal of Educational Technology in

Higher Education, Published: 31 July 2024

Nnaemeka, Obidike Frank & Ogunbadejo, Samuel Idowu (2024). "Awareness, Knowledge

and Perception of Chat-GPT among Undergraduates of Nnamdi Azikiwe University,

Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria," International Journal of Research and Scientific

Innovation, International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI), vol.

11(3), pages 187-201, March.

Ranky. (2023). Digital awareness–An essential of today’s increasingly interconnected world.

Ranky.https://www.ranky.co/growth-hackingand-inbound-marketing-blog/digital-

awarene ss-an-essential-of-todays-increasingly-intercon nected-world#

Patrick K. Bauti, Suleiman M. Nasir & Adegboye Y. Kazeem (2023): “Assessing the

Awareness and Usage of ChatGPT among Students of Computer Science at Federal

Polytechnic Nasarawa, Nasarawa State, Nigeria”, AJSTME, Volume. 9, Issue 4. 191-

194, July, 2023. https://www.ajstme.com.ng ISSN: 2251-0141 (Print), 2971-623

(Online)