Basna Nalla Soil Report (Rt-Sbc-Il-20-21-2033-03)

RISING TECHNOCRATES
DATED: 02.10.2020
GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION FOR

PROPOSED SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT UNDER
NMCG AT BASNA NALA, PRAYAGRAJ, UTTAR PRADESH
M/s. Adani Infra (India) Ltd.
Report No. RT/SBC/IL/20-21/2033/03
Plate 1 of 77
Proposed Sewage Treatment Plant Under NMCG at Basna Nala, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh
Table of Contents
List of Illustrations ii
1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 1
1.1. Project Description 1
1.2. Purpose & Scope 1
1.3. Scope of Work included in this Report 1
2. FIELD EXPLORATION .............................................................................................. 2

2.1. Soil Boring 2
2.2. Standard Penetration Test 2
2.3. Collection of Samples 2
2.4. Groundwater 2
3. LABORATORY TESTS ............................................................................................. 3

4. GENERALISED SUB-SURFACE CONDITIONS ....................................................... 3
4.1. Stratigraphy 3
4.2. Groundwater 4
4.3. Seismicity 4
5. LIQUEFACTION SUSCEPTIBILITY ASSESSMENT ................................................ 4

5.1. General 4
5.2. Assessment as per IS code 4
6. GEOTECHNICAL ANALYSIS ................................................................................... 5

6.1. Foundation Type & Depth 5
6.2. Method of Analysis 5
6.3. Recommendations 6
7. BACKFILLING ........................................................................................................... 7
8. LIMITATIONS AND UNIFORMITY OF SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS ..................... 8
List of Illustrations
Caption Plate Nos.
Layout Plan 1
Satellite Image of Site and Test Location 2
Soil Profiles 3 to 8
Summary of Borehole Profiles 9
Standard Penetration Test Results 10 & 11
Grain Size Analysis 12 to 15
Shear Test Results 16 to 25
Consolidation Test Results 26 to 33
Swell Pressure Test Results 34 to 41
Chemical Test Results 42
Typical Calculations 43 to 47
ii
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. Project Description
M/s. Adani Infra (India) Ltd is planning to Construct of Proposed Sewage Treatment Plant Under
NMCG at Basna Nalla, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh.
M/s Rising Technocrates has been appointed as Geotechnical Consultant to study and confirm
the subsoil conditions and to establish the various soil parameters and its behaviour, to assess the
general stability of site proposed for deep excavation.
This report furnishes the geotechnical details for Proposed Sewage Treatment Plant Under
NMCG at Basna Nalla, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh. A layout plan of test locations is illustrated on Plate No.
1.
1.2. Purpose & Scope
The current study has been carried out at the site in order to:
a) determine the general nature of the subsurface strata at the site;
b) retrieve the subsurface samples for determination of index and engineering properties; and
c) assess geotechnical parameters of the subsurface strata at the site for foundation
recommendations.
The scope of work includes the following:
(i) Mobilization of men and equipment at site for carrying out the investigation including shifting
at all test locations & demobilization after completion of work.
(ii) Drilling two (2) exploratory boreholes to the specified depth including collection of sub-surface
samples;
(iii) Conducting Standard Penetration Test (SPT) to obtain data on in-situ penetration resistance;
(iv) Collecting undisturbed soil samples at specified depth intervals;
(v) Laboratory testing of retrieved samples to determine the index and engineering properties of
the sub-surface strata;
(vi) Geotechnical analysis using the available field and laboratory test data;
(vii) Preparation of geotechnical recommendations for foundation design and construction; and
(viii) Preparation and submission of this report in triplicate
1.3. Scope of Work included in this Report
Details of the boreholes completed at the project site are tabulated below:
Page | 1
Existing Borehole
Borehole
S. No. Location Ground Level Termination
Designation
(RL), m Depth, m
1 BH-1 81.3 30.0

Basna Nala
2 BH-2 81.0 30.0
 Satellite image of the sites with our test locations marked are indicated on the Plate No. 2.
2. FIELD EXPLORATION
2.1. Soil Boring
150 mm diameter boreholes were advanced using shell and auger method at the specified
locations and depth as indicated in Section 1.3. Casing wherever required was used to stabilise the
borehole. The work was carried out as per the provisions laid in IS: 1892-1979.
2.2. Standard Penetration Test
Standard penetration tests were carried out by using a split spoon sampler with a drive shoe and
drive head fitted with a non-return valve. The work was carried out as per the provisions laid in IS:
1892-1979.
Standard split spoon sampler was attached to the lower end of ‘A’ drill rods and was driven in the
bore hole using a 63.5 kg hammer falling freely from a height of 75 cm. The sampler was driven for 45 cm
as per IS specifications & the number of blows required for each 15 cm penetration were recorded.
The number of blows for the first 15 cm penetration (also known as the seating drive) was not
taken into account. The number of blows for the next 30 cm penetration was designated as SPT ‘N’
value. Wherever total penetration was less than 45 cm, the number of blows & the depth penetrated is
incorporated in the respective soil profiles.
2.3. Collection of Samples
Disturbed soil samples obtained from split spoon sampler after carrying out the standard
penetration tests were collected in polythene bags of suitable size. These samples were properly sealed,
labelled, recorded and carefully transported to the laboratory for testing.
Undisturbed soil samples were collected by attaching 75 mm diameter thin walled ‘Shelby’
tubes and driving the sampler by light-hammering using a 63.5 kg hammer in accordance with IS:
2132-1986. The tubes were sealed with wax at both ends.
2.4. Groundwater
Groundwater level was measured in the boreholes after drilling and sampling was completed. The
measured water levels are recorded on the individual soil profiles.
Page | 2
3. LABORATORY TESTS
Laboratory tests were carried out on the retrieved samples in order to determine the index
and engineering properties. The testing procedures were in accordance with current applicable IS
specifications.
The following tests were conducted on selected soil samples recovered from the boreholes:
Laboratory Tests on Soil Samples IS Code

Bulk Density -
Natural Moisture Content IS : 2720 (Part-2)-1973
Specific Gravity IS : 2720 (Part-3)-1980
Grain Size Analysis IS : 2720 (Part-4)-1985
Liquid Limit and Plastic Limit IS : 2720 (Part-5)-1985
Shrinkage limit IS : 2720 (Part 6) -1972, RA-2007
Consolidated Drained Direct Shear Test IS : 2720 (Part-13)-1986
Unconsolidated Undrained Triaxial Shear Test IS : 2720 (Part-11)-1993
Free swell index IS : 2720 (Part-40) -1977, RA-2007
Swelling Pressure IS : 2720 (Part 41)-1977, RA-2007
Consolidation Test IS : 2720 (Part-15)-1986, RA-2007
pH value IS : 2720 (Part 26)-1987, RA-2007
Chemical Analysis of soil sulphates IS : 2720 (Part-27)-1977, RA-2010
chlorides IS : 3025 (Part-32)-1988, RA-2009
4. GENERALISED SUB-SURFACE CONDITIONS

4.1. Stratigraphy
The soils encountered at the site are alluvial in nature and belong to the Indo-Gagnetic
Alluvium. Based on the two (2) exploratory boreholes drilled at the project site, clayey silt / sandy silt
was encountered to the maximum depth of 30.0 m below EGL. Free swell index values range from
23-45%, indicating low expansive characteristics.
The field SPT N values range from 4-11 to about 3.5 m depth and range from 15-24 to about
7.5 m depth. Below this the N values range from 25 to 38 to about 12.0 m depth and range from 39-51
to about 21 m depth below EGL.
Below this, the N values range from 57-70 to about 27 m depth and from 79-89 to the final
explored depth of 30 m depth.
The field and laboratory test results are presented on the individual borehole logs on Plates 3
to 8. A summary of the borehole logs is illustrated on Plate 9. Plots of field and corrected SPT values
versus depth are presented on Plates 10 & 11, respectively.
Page | 3
4.2. Groundwater
Based on our measurements in the completed boreholes, groundwater was met at 2.8-3.5 m
depth during the period of our field investigation (September, 2020).
Measured Measured
Borehole Groundwater Groundwater Level Period of
S. No. Location
Designation Depth below EGL, (RL), m Measurement
m
1 BH-1 3.5 77.8

Basna Nalla September, 2020
2 BH-2 2.8 78.2
The measured water levels are presented on the respective borehole logs. Fluctuations may
occur in the measured water levels due to seasonal variations in rainfall and surface evaporation rates
as well as the level of water in nearby water bodies.
4.3. Seismicity
According to Fig.1 of IS: 1893 (Part:1)-2016 showing seismic zones, the proposed site falls in
earthquake Zone-II.
5. LIQUEFACTION SUSCEPTIBILITY ASSESSMENT

5.1. General
As per IS: 1893-2016, liquefaction is defined as a state in which the shear strength of
primarily saturated cohesionless soils become negligible during earthquake shaking. In this
condition, the soil tends to behave like a fluid mass.
Depending on the degree of susceptibility to liquefaction, of the subsoil at the site, in the
event of an earthquake, the structure may either not be affected as no liquefaction occurs, or may
undergo large settlements due to partial liquefaction, or else there may be a complete loss of the
shear strength of the soil leading to a collapse of the super structure.
5.2. Assessment as per IS code
The following points are noted for the soils encountered at the site, with reference to the
liquefaction susceptibility assessment:
1. According to Fig.1 of IS: 1893 (Part1)-2016 showing seismic zones the proposed site falls
in earthquake Zone-II.
2. For project sites located in Zone-III, IV & V saturated sands with corrected SPT (N’) values
less than 15 up to 5 m depth and less than 25 below 10 m depth may liquefy in the event of
an earthquake.
3. As mentioned in Section 4.2, groundwater was met at 2.8-3.5 m depth during the period of
our field investigation (September, 2020).
Page | 4
4. Based on the available borehole data, clayey silt / sandy silt layers are not likely to liquefy
due to the high fines content and plasticity and the soils is stiff to hard in condition.
As per our assessment of the available boreholes data, we are of the opinion there is no
liquefaction potential in the event of design earthquake.
According to Fig.1 of IS: 1893 (Part-1)-2016 showing seismic zones, the project site falls under
Zone-II. The design for seismic forces should be done considering the project site in Zone-II.
6. GEOTECHNICAL ANALYSIS
6.1. Foundation Type & Depth
Type of foundation to be adopted for a particular structure depends upon the loading intensity
at the foundation level and the configuration of loading points.
Reviewing the stratigraphy of the site on the basis of field and laboratory test results of
boreholes data, we recommend the following foundation system for the proposed structures:
Foundation Level (RL),

Location Foundation Type Foundation Size, m m
78.0
Isolated Footing 4x4
76.5
Basna Nalla 15 x 10 78.0
Raft Foundation 15 x 15 78.0
15 x 15 74.0
6.2. Method of Analysis
Bearing capacity analysis for open foundations has been done in general accordance with IS:
6403-1981. The bearing capacity equation used is as follows:
qnet safe = 1 [cNcc dc+ q(Nq-1) qdq+ 0.5 B N d Rw]

F
where:
qnet safe = safe net bearing capacity of soil based on the shear failure criterion.
q = overburden pressure
Rw = water table correction factor
F = Factor of safety, taken as equal to 2.5
c,q, = Shape factors.
For Strip footings, c = q =  = 1
For Square footing, c = 1.3, q = 1.2,  = 0.6
dc,dq,d= Depth factors
For   10, dc = 1 + 0.2 tan (45+/2) D/B, d q = d = 1
For  > 10, dq = d = 1 + 0.1 tan (45+/2) D/B
Page | 5
Appropriate values have been substituted into the bearing capacity equation given above to
compute the safe net bearing capacity. The values have been checked to determine the settlement of
the foundation under the safe bearing pressure. The allowable bearing pressure has been taken as
the lower of the two values computed from the bearing capacity shear failure criterion as well as that
computed from the tolerable settlement criterion.
Settlement analysis has been performed based on the SPT values in accordance with Clause
9.1.4 of IS 8009 (Part 1)-1976 Fig.9. This has been cross-checked with the settlement computed from
the classical analysis as sum of the elastic settlement and consolidation settlement. The immediate
settlement has been computed using the following equation [Clause 9.2.3 of IS 8009 Part 1-1976](1).
where:
Si = immediate (elastic) settlement

B = foundation width, B’ = B/2
 = Poisson’s ratio
q = applied bearing pressure
E = modulus of elasticity
df = depth factor
dr = rigidity factor
I = influence factor at corner of rectangular loaded area (B’x L’)
The consolidation settlement of the cohesive soils has been computed using the following
equation [Clause 9.2.2. of IS 8009 (Part 1)-1976 RA 2003].
𝑆𝑐 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝜆 𝑑 𝑑
where:
Sc = consolidation settlement
cc = compression index
e0 = initial void ratio
p = overburden pressure
oed = oedometer correction factor
df = depth factor
dr = rigidity factor
6.3. Recommendations
The following table presents our recommended net bearing pressures for open / raft
foundations bearing at various levels:
(1) Bowles, J.E. (1996), “Foundation Analysis and Design”, International Edition, pp. 303-317.
Page | 6
Foundation Level
Foundation Type
Foundation Size,
Net Allowable Bearing Pressure, T/m2
Designation
Borehole
Location
(RL), m
m
Total Total Total Total
Settlement Settlement Settlement Settlement
= 25 mm = 40 mm = 50 mm = 100 mm
Isolated 78.0 4.5 9.0 11.2 -

4x4
Footing 76.5 5.9 11.8 14.7 -
BH-1
15 x 10 78.0 - - 13.3 24.4

Raft
15 x 15 78.0 - - 13.6 24.7
Basna Nalla
Foundation
15 x 15 74.0 - - 18.5 29.9
Isolated 77.5* 4.3 8.6 10.8 -
4x4
Footing 76.5 5.6 11.2 14.0 -
BH-2
15 x 10 77.5* - - 13.0 23.0

Raft
15 x 15 77.5* - - 13.5 23.3
Foundation
15 x 15 74.0 - - 17.0 28.5
*Strata is in loose condition to about 3.5 m depth.
The above values include a bearing capacity safety factor of 2.5. The appropriate values
of net bearing pressure may be selected as per the permissible settlement criterion. Net bearing
pressures for foundations at intermediate depths may be interpolated linearly between the
values given above. Fill placed above EGL should be treated as surcharge load.
The suggested modulus of sub grade reaction (k)(2) has been computed based on
empirical relationships as given in published literature and is applicable for 3-6 m size square
footing at the centre of the loaded area.
7. BACKFILLING
The natural soils at the site is not suitable for use structural fill / backfill to raise the site.
It should be removed. Compacted structural fill should be placed to achieve the desired grade.
The fill may consist of sand or good earth (silty sand or sandy silt of low plasticity). Properties of
suitable fill material are as follows:
Sand content: ≥ 30% Clay content: ≤ 10%

Liquid Limit: ≤ 30% Plasticity Index: ≤ 8%
Free Swell Index: ≤ 20%
The fill should be placed in layers not exceeding 15-20 cm at a moisture content of ±1%
of the optimum moisture content. It should be compacted to at least 95% of the maximum dry
density of filling strata determined in accordance with IS 2720 (Part 7) – 1980 RA 2007.
(2) Bowles, J.E. (1996), "Foundation Analysis and Design Fifth Edition", The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc., pp. 503
Page | 7
8. LIMITATIONS AND UNIFORMITY OF SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS
The subsurface conditions may change with time due to man-made and natural phenomenon
such as on-site and nearby construction activities, earthquakes, floods, scour and groundwater
fluctuations. Construction decisions must consider any changes in site conditions, regulatory provisions,
technology or economic conditions subsequent to the investigation.
If significant strata changes occur or any changes in the nature or design of the project are made,
we should be allowed to review this report and provide additional recommendations, if any.
We strive to perform our professional services in accordance with generally accepted

geotechnical engineering principles and practices currently employed in the area; no warranty is
expressed or implied.
Page | 8
Plate 1 of 47
Legend
Satellite Image of Field Investigation
Basna Nalla SPS
➤
© 2020 Google N
Image © 2020 Maxar Technologies 100 m
© 2020 Google
Image © 2020 Maxar Technologies
Plate 2 of 47
Borehole Log (BH-1)
Location : Barsana Nala, Allhabad Ground Water Level : 3.5 m (RL(+) 77.8 m) Drilling : Shell & Auger
Ground Level (GL) : RL(+) 81.3 m Termination Depth : 30.45 m (RL(+) 50.85 m) Start Date : 17-Sep-20
Finish Date : 17-Sep-20
Standard Penetration Test Atterberg Shear
SPT Grain Size Analysis Density
Results Limits Tests
Angle of Internal Friction,

Groundwater depth, m
Bulk Density (gm/cm )

3
Moisture Content (%)

Dry Density (gm/cm )
3
Sample Designation
Depth of Strata, (m)

Corrected Value, N"
Plasticity Index (%)
Cohesion Intercept,
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Free swell index

Specific Gravity
Shrinkage limit
Field Value, N
Field Value, N
'Φ' (degrees)
Plastic (%)
Gravel (%)
Liquid (%)
Sand (%)
'c' (kg/cm )
Corrected Value, N"
Depth, m
Clay (%)
2
Silt (%)
Symbol
Scale
0 20 40 60 80 100
0.5 SPT1 ### ### #N/A
#N/A ### ### #N/A
Light grey clayey silt of
1.5 SPT2 8 8 #N/A 0 5 73 22
medium plasticity (CI)
2.3 UDS1 ### ### #N/A 41.5 23.2 18.3 11.2 2.71 41.7 1.79 1.52 17.5 0.55 8.0
#N/A ### ### 3.0
3.0 SPT3 11 11 #N/A
#N/A 3.5 ### ### #N/A
#N/A ### ### #N/A
4.5 SPT4 22 22 #N/A 3 4 75 18
5.3 UDS2 ### ### #N/A 41.8 23.2 18.6 10.5 2.69 33.3 1.89 1.57 20.2 0.87 -
#N/A ### ### Light brown clayey silt of #N/A
6.0 SPT5 31 31 medium plasticity (CI) #N/A
#N/A ### ### #N/A
#N/A ### ### #N/A
7.5 SPT6 24 24 #N/A
8.3 UDS3 ### ### #N/A 2 5 72 21 40.5 23.1 17.4 2.70 45.5 1.93 1.61 20.1 1.20 5.0
#N/A ### ### 9.0
9.0 SPT7 29 22 #N/A 4 8 73 15
Light brown clayey silt of
#N/A ### ### #N/A
low plasticity (CL)
#N/A ### ### #N/A
Plate 3 of 47
Borehole Log (BH-1)


3

3
Sample Designation

Corrected Value, N"
Cohesion Intercept,
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Free swell index

Specific Gravity
Shrinkage limit
Field Value, N
Field Value, N
'Φ' (degrees)
Plastic (%)
Gravel (%)
Liquid (%)
Sand (%)
'c' (kg/cm )
Corrected Value, N"
Depth, m
Clay (%)
2
Silt (%)
Symbol
Scale
0 20 40 60 80 100
10.5 SPT8 34 26 #N/A 34.1 22.5 11.6 15.5
11.3 UDS4 ### ### #N/A 5 7 74 14 2.69 23.1 1.98 1.67 18.8 1.20 5.0
low plasticity (CL)
#N/A ### ### 12.0
12.0 SPT9 30 30 #N/A 41.2 23.3 17.9 13.1
#N/A ### ### #N/A
#N/A ### ### #N/A
13.5 SPT10 39 39 #N/A 0 5 74 21
14.3 UDS5 ### ### #N/A 1.94 1.63 18.9 1.32 -
#N/A ### ### #N/A
15.0 SPT11 46 46 #N/A 45.3 23.4 21.9 12.8 2.71 36.4
#N/A ### ### #N/A
#N/A ### ### #N/A
#N/A ### ### #N/A
17.3 UDS6 ### ### #N/A 3 6 69 22 1.98 1.66 19.5 1.40 4.0
#N/A ### ### #N/A
18.0 SPT12 51 51 #N/A
#N/A ### ### #N/A
#N/A ### ### #N/A
#N/A ### ### #N/A
20.3 UDS7 ### ### #N/A 44.2 22.8 21.4 13.1 2.71 2.00 1.68 19.2 1.72 -
Plate 4 of 47
Borehole Log (BH-1)


3

3
Sample Designation

Corrected Value, N"
Cohesion Intercept,
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Free swell index

Specific Gravity
Shrinkage limit
Field Value, N
Field Value, N
'Φ' (degrees)
Plastic (%)
Gravel (%)
Liquid (%)
Sand (%)
'c' (kg/cm )
Corrected Value, N"
Depth, m
Clay (%)
2
Silt (%)
Symbol
Scale
0 20 40 60 80 100
#N/A ### ### #N/A
21.0 SPT13 78 78 #N/A 5 4 71 20
#N/A ### ### #N/A
#N/A ### ### #N/A
#N/A ### ###
23.3 UDS8 ### ### #N/A 43.5 23.1 20.4 13.2 2.72 45.5 2.00 1.68 18.9 1.87 -
#N/A ### ### #N/A
24.0 SPT14 70 70 #N/A 4 4 70 22
#N/A ### ###
#N/A ### ### medium plasticity (CI) #N/A
26.3 UDS9 ### ### #N/A 2.02 1.70 18.8 1.90 5.0
#N/A ### ### #N/A
27.0 SPT15 81 81 #N/A 44.2 23.1 21.1 12.7 2.71
#N/A ### ### #N/A
#N/A ### ### #N/A
#N/A ### ### #N/A
29.3 UDS10 ### ### #N/A 6 5 70 19 2.02 1.71 18.2 2.02 -
#N/A ### ### #N/A
30.0 SPT16 89 89 30.5 44.6 23.1 21.5 2.72 45.5
Plate 5 of 47
Borehole Log (BH-2)


3

3
Sample Designation

Corrected Value, N"
Cohesion Intercept,
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Free swell index

Specific Gravity
Shrinkage limit
Field Value, N
Field Value, N
'Φ' (degrees)
Plastic (%)
Gravel (%)
Liquid (%)
Sand (%)
'c' (kg/cm )
Corrected Value, N"
Depth, m
Clay (%)
2
Silt (%)
Symbol
Scale
0 20 40 60 80 100
0.5 SPT1 ### ### #N/A 0 4 73 23
#N/A ### ### #N/A
Light grey clayey silt of
1.5 SPT2 4 4 #N/A
2.3 UDS1 ### ### #N/A 45.2 23.1 22.1 12.3 2.72 45.5 1.74 1.48 17.8 0.55 5.0
#N/A 2.8 ### ### 3.0
3.0 SPT3 6 6 #N/A 0 5 76 19
#N/A ### ### #N/A
#N/A ### ### #N/A
4.5 SPT4 15 15 #N/A
5.3 UDS2 ### ### #N/A 41.5 23.1 18.4 13.5 1.84 1.53 20.1 0.72 -
#N/A ### ### #N/A
6.0 SPT5 20 20 #N/A 3 5 74 18 2.70 41.7
#N/A ### ### #N/A
#N/A ### ### 7.5
7.5 SPT6 22 19 #N/A
8.3 UDS3 ### ### #N/A 4 11 70 15 1.94 1.62 19.5 0.90 6.0
9.0 SPT7 25 20 low plasticity (CL) #N/A 33.9 22.1 11.8 15.6 2.68 23.1
#N/A ### ### #N/A
#N/A ### ### 10.5
Plate 6 of 47
Borehole Log (BH-2)


3

3
Sample Designation

Corrected Value, N"
Cohesion Intercept,
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Free swell index

Specific Gravity
Shrinkage limit
Field Value, N
Field Value, N
'Φ' (degrees)
Plastic (%)
Gravel (%)
Liquid (%)
Sand (%)
'c' (kg/cm )
Corrected Value, N"
Depth, m
Clay (%)
2
Silt (%)
Symbol
Scale
0 20 40 60 80 100
10.5 SPT8 27 27 #N/A
11.3 UDS4 ### ### #N/A 3 5 71 21 1.91 1.59 20.3 1.06 -
#N/A ### ### #N/A
12.0 SPT9 38 38 #N/A 42.3 23.5 18.8 14.1 2.72 36.4
#N/A ### ### #N/A
#N/A ### ### #N/A
13.5 SPT10 41 41 #N/A
14.3 UDS5 ### ### #N/A 4 5 71 20 1.93 1.61 19.8 1.32 -
#N/A ### ### #N/A
15.0 SPT11 51 51 Light brown clayey silt of #N/A
#N/A ### ### #N/A
#N/A ### ### #N/A
17.3 UDS6 ### ### #N/A 4 8 67 21 45.6 23.7 21.9 13.5 2.71 41.7 1.95 1.64 19.2 1.45 4.0
#N/A ### ### #N/A
18.0 SPT12 55 55 #N/A
#N/A ### ### #N/A
#N/A ### ### #N/A
#N/A ### ### #N/A
20.3 UDS7 ### ### #N/A 3 7 70 20 1.96 1.65 18.7 1.48 -
Plate 7 of 47
Borehole Log (BH-2)


3

3
Sample Designation

Corrected Value, N"
Cohesion Intercept,
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Free swell index

Specific Gravity
Shrinkage limit
Field Value, N
Field Value, N
'Φ' (degrees)
Plastic (%)
Gravel (%)
Liquid (%)
Sand (%)
'c' (kg/cm )
Corrected Value, N"
Depth, m
Clay (%)
2
Silt (%)
Symbol
Scale
0 20 40 60 80 100
#N/A ### ### #N/A
21.0 SPT13 57 57 #N/A 44.2 23.1 21.1 13.2 2.71 36.4
#N/A ### ### #N/A
#N/A ### ### #N/A
#N/A ### ###
23.3 UDS8 ### ### #N/A 4 5 69 22 1.99 1.67 19.1 1.71 -
#N/A ### ### #N/A
24.0 SPT14 70 70 #N/A 44.1 23.1 21.0 12.9 2.69
#N/A ### ###
26.3 UDS9 ### ### #N/A 0 7 72 21 1.99 1.68 18.7 1.90 4.0
#N/A ### ### #N/A
27.0 SPT15 79 79 #N/A
#N/A ### ### #N/A
#N/A ### ### #N/A
#N/A ### ### #N/A
29.3 UDS10 ### ### #N/A 44.2 23.1 21.1 13.2 2.70 41.7 2.01 1.70 18.2 1.89 -
#N/A ### ### #N/A
30.0 SPT16 86 86 30.5 5 5 72 18
Plate 8 of 47
BH-1
BH-2
RL 81.3 N Value
RL 81.0 N Value
82.0 #N/A
#N/A #N/A #N/A
#N/A #N/A #N/A
80.5 #N/A #N/A
-8
#N/A -4
#N/A #N/A
79.0 #N/A #N/A
- 11
#N/A #N/A -6
#N/A #N/A
77.5 #N/A #N/A
- 22
#N/A - 15
#N/A #N/A
76.0 #N/A #N/A
- 31
#N/A - 20
#N/A #N/A #N/A
74.5 #N/A #N/A #N/A
- 24
#N/A 7.5 m - 22
#N/A #N/A #N/A
73.0 9.0 m #N/A #N/A
- 29
#N/A - 25
#N/A #N/A
71.5 #N/A #N/A
- 34
#N/A 10.5 m - 27
#N/A #N/A #N/A
70.0 12.0 m #N/A #N/A
- 30
#N/A - 38
#N/A #N/A #N/A
68.5 #N/A #N/A #N/A
- 39
#N/A - 41
Reduced Level (RL), m
#N/A #N/A #N/A

67.0 #N/A #N/A
- 46
#N/A - 51
#N/A #N/A #N/A
65.5 #N/A #N/A #N/A
#N/A #N/A
#N/A #N/A #N/A
64.0 #N/A #N/A #N/A
- 51
#N/A #N/A - 55
#N/A #N/A #N/A
62.5 #N/A #N/A #N/A
#N/A #N/A #N/A
#N/A #N/A #N/A
61.0 #N/A #N/A
- 78
#N/A - 57
#N/A #N/A #N/A
59.5 #N/A #N/A #N/A
#N/A #N/A #N/A
#N/A #N/A #N/A
58.0 #N/A #N/A
- 70
#N/A - 70
#N/A #N/A #N/A
56.5 #N/A #N/A #N/A
#N/A #N/A #N/A
#N/A #N/A #N/A
55.0 #N/A #N/A #N/A
- 81
#N/A #N/A - 79
#N/A #N/A #N/A
53.5 #N/A #N/A #N/A
#N/A #N/A #N/A
#N/A #N/A #N/A
52.0 #N/A #N/A
- 89
30.5 m #N/A - 86
#N/A 30.5 m #N/A
50.5 #N/A #N/A
#N/A
49.0
47.5
#N/A
LEGEND
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
GW level
Clayey silt (CL)
Clayey silt (CI)
Cross Section of Boreholes
Plate 9 of 47
Field SPT Value (N)
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
82
80
78
76
74
72
70
68
66
64
62
60
58
56
54
52
50
BH-1 BH-2
Plot of Field SPT-N value v/s depth
Plate 10 of 47
Corrected SPT Value (N")
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
82
80
78
76
74
72
70
68
66
64
62
60
58
56
54
52
50
BH-1 BH-2
Plot of Corrected SPT-N" value v/s depth
Plate 11 of 47
Hydrometer Analysis Sieve Analysis
SAND
CLAY SILT GRAVEL
FINE MEDIUM COARSE
0.002 0.075 0.425 2.0 4.75
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
1.50
4.50
40 8.25
9.00
30 11.25
20
10
0
0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
Particle Size, mm
Sample Details Test Results

Borehole Sample Silt
Location Sample Description Gravel % Sand % Silt % Clay % D60 D30 D10 Cu Cc
Number Depth, m Factor
BH-1 1.50 Clayey silt (CI) 0 5 73 22 3.41 0.026 0.004
Basana Nala,
Allahabad.
BH-1 4.50 Clayey silt (CI) 3 4 75 18 3.79 0.028 0.005

BH-1 8.25 Clayey silt (CI) 2 5 72 21 4.19 0.024 0.004
BH-1 9.00 Clayey silt (CL) 4 8 73 15 4.28 0.035 0.007
BH-1 11.25 Clayey silt (CL) 5 7 74 14 4.68 0.030 0.007
Grain Size Distribution
Plate 12 of 47
SAND
CLAY SILT GRAVEL
FINE MEDIUM COARSE
0.002 0.075 0.425 2.0 4.75
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
13.50
17.25
40 21.00
24.00
30 29.25
20
10
0
0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
Particle Size, mm

BH-1 13.50 Clayey silt (CI) 0 5 74 21 3.41 0.024 0.004
Basana Nala,
Allahabad.
BH-1 17.25 Clayey silt (CI) 3 6 69 22 3.79 0.023 0.004

BH-1 21.00 Clayey silt (CI) 5 4 71 20 4.19 0.019 0.005
BH-1 24.00 Clayey silt (CI) 4 4 70 22 4.28 0.018 0.004
BH-1 29.25 Clayey silt (CI) 6 5 70 19 4.68 0.019 0.004
Plate 13 of 47
SAND
CLAY SILT GRAVEL
FINE MEDIUM COARSE
0.002 0.075 0.425 2.0 4.75
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
0.50
3.00
40 6.00
8.25
30 11.25
20
10
0
0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
Particle Size, mm

BH-2 0.50 Clayey silt (CI) 0 4 73 23 3.41 0.018 0.004
Basana Nala,
Allahabad.
BH-2 3.00 Clayey silt (CI) 0 5 76 19 3.79 0.026 0.005

BH-2 6.00 Clayey silt (CI) 3 5 74 18 4.19 0.022 0.005
BH-2 8.25 Clayey silt (CL) 4 11 70 15 4.28 0.031 0.006
BH-2 11.25 Clayey silt (CI) 3 5 71 21 4.68 0.021 0.004
Plate 14 of 47
SAND
CLAY SILT GRAVEL
FINE MEDIUM COARSE
0.002 0.075 0.425 2.0 4.75
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
14.25
17.25
40 20.25
23.25
30 30.00
20
10
0
0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
Particle Size, mm

BH-2 14.25 Clayey silt (CI) 4 5 71 20 3.41 0.022 0.005
Basana Nala,
Allahabad.
BH-2 17.25 Clayey silt (CI) 4 9 66 21 3.79 0.023 0.004

BH-2 20.25 Clayey silt (CI) 3 7 70 20 4.19 0.019 0.004
BH-2 23.25 Clayey silt (CI) 4 5 69 22 4.28 0.021 0.004
BH-2 30.00 Clayey silt (CI) 5 5 72 18 4.68 0.022 0.005
Plate 15 of 47
3.0
2.5
2.0
Shear Stress f (kg/cm2)
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
Normal Stress , (kg/cm2)
Borehole No. = 1
Sample Depth, m = 2.25
Sample Description = Clayey silt
2
Cohesion Intercept, c (kg/cm ) = 0.55
Angle of Internal Friction, ø (degrees) = 8
Unconsolidation Undrained Triaxial Test
Plate 16 of 47
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0
Borehole No. = 1
2
Plate 17 of 47
8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0
Borehole No. = 1
2
Plate 18 of 47
8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0
Borehole No. = 1
2
Plate 19 of 47
14.0
12.0
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0
Borehole No. = 1
2
Plate 20 of 47
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5
Borehole No. = 2
2
Plate 21 of 47
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0
Borehole No. = 2
2
Plate 22 of 47
8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0
Borehole No. = 2
2
Plate 23 of 47
8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0
Borehole No. = 2
2
Plate 24 of 47
12.0
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0
Borehole No. = 2
2
Plate 25 of 47
Consolidation Test Results
IS : 2720 (Part-15)-1986, RA-2007
(Field Curve from Casagrande's Method)
Borehole No. : 1 Initial moisture content : 21.4% Preconsolidation Pressure (PC) kg/cm2: 1.00
Sample Details
Test Results
Sample Depth, m: 2.25 Final moisture content : 22.4% Overconsolidation Ratio (OCR): 2.5
Sample No. : UDS-1 Initial Void Ratio before test (eo): 0.67 Compression Index (Cc1) for p < pc: 0.018
Soil Classification : Clayey silt Final Void Ratio after test (ef) : 0.40 Compression Index (Cc2) for p > pc: 0.233
1.00
Pressure Coefficient of Volume eo = Initial void ratio
Increment compressibility Po = Overburden Pressure
(kg/cm2) mv,(cm2/kg) Pc = Preconsolidation Pressure
CC1 = Compression Index for stress
0.90 0.25 - 0.5 level less than preconsolidation
0.5 - 1.0 7.4E-02 ........... pressure
1.0 - 2.0 CC2 = Compression Index for stress level
2.1E-02
2.0 - 4.0 greater than preconsolidation
4.0 - 8.0
1.3E-02 pressure
8.5E-03
0.80 5.1E-03
0.70
eo = 0.67
Void Ratio, e
0.60
0.50
Loading Curve
Field Curve
Unloading Curve Lab Curve
0.40
Extrapolated Loading Curve
Unloading Points
Field Curve
Pc = 1 kg/sqcm
Po = 0.4 kg/sqcm
0.30 Loading Points

0.42 eo
0.20
0.01 0.10 1.00 10.00 100.00
Pressure (kg/cm2)
Void Ratio vs. Applied Pressure
Plate 26 of 47
IS : 2720 (Part-15)-1986, RA-2007
Sample Details
Test Results
0.90
0.25 - 0.5 level less than preconsolidation
0.80 0.5 - 1.0 6.5E-02 ........... pressure
2.1E-02
4.0 - 8.0
1.3E-02 pressure
7.9E-03
5.0E-03
0.70
0.60
Void Ratio, e
eo = 0.52
0.50
Loading Curve
0.40
Unloading Curve
Field Curve
Unloading Points
Field Curve
0.30 Lab Curve
Loading Points
0.42 eo
0.20
0.01 0.10 1.00 10.00 100.00
Pressure (kg/cm2)
Plate 27 of 47
IS : 2720 (Part-15)-1986, RA-2007
Borehole No. : 1 Initial moisture content : 22% Preconsolidation Pressure (PC) kg/cm2: 2.38
Sample Details
Test Results
1.30
Pressure Coefficient of Volume eo =
Initial void ratio
Increment compressibility Po =
Overburden Pressure
(kg/cm2) mv,(cm2/kg) Pc =
Preconsolidation Pressure
1.20 CC1 =
Compression Index for stress
0.5 - 1.0 6.8E-02 ........... pressure
1.10 2.2E-02
4.0 - 8.0
1.5E-02 pressure
9.0E-03
5.4E-03
1.00
0.90
Void Ratio, e
eo = 0.81
0.80
0.70
0.60
Field Curve
Loading Curve Lab Curve
0.50 Unloading Curve
Pc = 2.38 kg/sqcm

Po = 0.87 kg/sqcm
Unloading Points
0.40
Field Curve
0.42 eo Loading Points
0.30
0.20
0.01 0.10 1.00 10.00 100.00
Pressure (kg/cm2)
Plate 28 of 47
IS : 2720 (Part-15)-1986, RA-2007
Sample Details
Test Results
1.00
0.5 - 1.0 6.7E-02 ........... pressure
2.1E-02
4.0 - 8.0
1.3E-02 pressure
8.0E-03
0.80 5.1E-03
0.70
eo = 0.66
Void Ratio, e
0.60
0.50
Loading Curve
Lab Curve Field Curve
Unloading Curve
0.40
Unloading Points
Pc = 4.31 kg/sqcm
Po = 1.2 kg/sqcm
Field Curve
0.30 Loading Points

0.42 eo
0.20
0.01 0.10 1.00 10.00 100.00
Pressure (kg/cm2)
Plate 29 of 47
IS : 2720 (Part-15)-1986, RA-2007
Sample Details
Test Results
1.40
1.30 (kg/cm2) mv,(cm2/kg) Pc = Preconsolidation Pressure
0.5 - 1.0 1.0E-01 ........... pressure
1.20 1.0 - 2.0
2.8E-02 CC2 = Compression Index for stress level
4.0 - 8.0
1.8E-02 pressure
1.0E-02
1.10 5.7E-03
1.00
0.90
Void Ratio, e
eo = 0.85
0.80
0.70
0.60 Field Curve

Loading Curve
Unloading Curve
0.50
Pc = 0.75 kg/sqcm
Lab Curve
Po = 0.4 kg/sqcm
Unloading Points
0.40 Field Curve
0.30
0.20
0.01 0.10 1.00 10.00 100.00
Pressure (kg/cm2)
Plate 30 of 47
IS : 2720 (Part-15)-1986, RA-2007
Sample Details
Test Results
1.40
1.30 (kg/cm2) mv,(cm2/kg) Pc = Preconsolidation Pressure
0.5 - 1.0 1.0E-01 ........... pressure
1.20 1.0 - 2.0
2.8E-02 CC2 = Compression Index for stress level
4.0 - 8.0
1.8E-02 pressure
1.0E-02
1.10 5.7E-03
1.00
0.90
Void Ratio, e
eo = 0.85
0.80
0.70
0.60 Field Curve

Loading Curve
Unloading Curve
0.50
kg/sqcm
Lab Curve
kg/sqcm
Unloading Points
1.17
0.40 Field Curve

Pc= =0.7

Po
0.30
0.20
0.01 0.10 1.00 10.00 100.00
Pressure (kg/cm2)
Plate 31 of 47
IS : 2720 (Part-15)-1986, RA-2007
Sample Details
Test Results
1.00
Pressure Coefficient of Volume eo =
Initial void ratio
Increment compressibility Po =
Overburden Pressure
(kg/cm2) mv,(cm2/kg) Pc =
Preconsolidation Pressure
CC1 =
Compression Index for stress
0.5 - 1.0 8.4E-02 ........... pressure
2.5E-02
4.0 - 8.0
1.5E-02 pressure
9.4E-03
0.80 5.6E-03
0.70
eo = 0.68
Void Ratio, e
0.60
0.50
Loading Curve
Field Curve
Unloading Curve
0.40 Lab Curve
Unloading Points
Pc = 2.39 kg/sqcm
Field Curve
Po = 0.9 kg/sqcm
0.30 Loading Points

0.42 eo
0.20
0.01 0.10 1.00 10.00 100.00
Pressure (kg/cm2)
Plate 32 of 47
IS : 2720 (Part-15)-1986, RA-2007
Sample Details
Test Results
1.00
0.5 - 1.0 7.1E-02 ........... pressure
2.1E-02
4.0 - 8.0
1.3E-02 pressure
8.2E-03
0.80 5.2E-03
0.70
eo = 0.68
Void Ratio, e
0.60
0.50
Loading Curve
Field Curve
Lab Curve
Unloading Curve
0.40
Unloading Points
Pc = 3.82 kg/sqcm
Field Curve
Po = 1.2 kg/sqcm
0.30 Loading Points

0.42 eo
0.20
0.01 0.10 1.00 10.00 100.00
Pressure (kg/cm2)
Plate 33 of 47
Swell Pressure Test (Consolidometer method)
(IS : 2720 (Part 41)-1977, RA-2007)
SAMPLE DETAILS TEST RESULTS
Borehole No. : 1 Sample No. : UDS-1 Swell Pressure (Kg/cm2) 0.30
Sample Depth, m : 2.25 Soil Classification : Clayey silt Time taken to swell (hrs) 22.00
13.30
13.20
13.10
13.00
Dial Reading
12.90
12.80
12.70
12.60
Swelling curve
12.50
12.40
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Time (hrs)
10.72
0.80
Swell Pressure
Interpreted Swell Pressure
Change in Thickness, (mm)
0.00
0.01 0.10 1.00
-0.80
Applied Pressure (Kg/cm2)
Plate 34 of 47
(IS : 2720 (Part 41)-1977, RA-2007)
12.18
12.16
12.14
12.12
12.10
Dial Reading
12.08
12.06
12.04
12.02 Swelling curve
12.00
11.98
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Time (hrs)
9.42
0.80
Swell Pressure
0.00
0.01 0.10 1.00
-0.80
-1.60
Chainage : 81+595
Plate 35 of 47
(IS : 2720 (Part 41)-1977, RA-2007)
10.60
10.50
10.40
Dial Reading
10.30
10.20
10.10
Swelling curve
10.00
9.90
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Time (hrs)
7.98
0.80
Swell Pressure
0.00
0.01 0.10 1.00
-0.80
Chainage : 76+820
Plate 36 of 47
(IS : 2720 (Part 41)-1977, RA-2007)
11.40
11.35
11.30
11.25
Dial Reading
11.20
11.15
11.10
11.05
Swelling curve
11.00
10.95
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Time (hrs)
8.87
0.80
Swell Pressure
0.00
0.01 0.10 1.00
-0.80
Chainage : 76+820
Plate 37 of 47
(IS : 2720 (Part 41)-1977, RA-2007)
12.80
12.60
12.40
Dial Reading
12.20
12.00
11.80
Swelling curve
11.60
11.40
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Time (hrs)
9.40
1.60
Swell Pressure
0.80
0.00
0.01 0.10 1.00
-0.80
Plate 38 of 47
(IS : 2720 (Part 41)-1977, RA-2007)
13.30
13.20
13.10
13.00
12.90
Dial Reading
12.80
12.70
12.60
12.50 Swelling curve
12.40
12.30
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Time (hrs)
10.40
1.60
10.40
Swell Pressure
0.80
0.00
0.01 0.10 1.00
-0.80
Chainage : 76+820
Plate 39 of 47
(IS : 2720 (Part 41)-1977, RA-2007)
10.12
10.10
10.08
Dial Reading
10.06
10.04
10.02
Swelling curve
10.00
9.98
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Time (hrs)
6.94
0.80
6.94
Swell Pressure
0.00
0.01 0.10 1.00
-0.80
-1.60
Plate 40 of 47
(IS : 2720 (Part 41)-1977, RA-2007)
11.40
11.35
11.30
11.25
Dial Reading
11.20
11.15
11.10
11.05
Swelling curve
11.00
10.95
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Time (hrs)
8.80
0.80
Swell Pressure
0.00
0.01 0.10 1.00
-0.80
Plate 41 of 47
CHEMICAL TEST RESULTS
SOIL-EXTRACT WATER:
Borehole Sulphate Content Chloride Content

Depth, m pH Value
No. (SO3), % (CL), %
1 1.50 0.12 0.05 6.8

1 2.25 0.11 0.02 7.3
1 4.50 0.09 0.03 6.9
1 6.00 0.12 0.01 7.6
2 2.25 0.08 0.02 7.4
2 4.50 0.10 0.04 6.9
2 6.00 0.12 0.03 7.6
Plate 42 of 47
TYPICAL CALCULATIONS
FAILURE CRITERIA : AVERAGE OF LOCAL & GENERAL SHEAR FAILURE
Factor of safety (FOS) = 2.5

GENERAL SHEAR FAILURE Nc = 6.49 Bulk Density Profile Design Water Table Depth = 0.0 m
c= 8.0 T/m 2 Nq = 1.57 From, m To, m T/m 3 Rw factor :Calculate (C) based on water table depth / Fixed Value(V) for worst condition C
= 5.0 degrees Ng = 0.45 0.0 3.0 1.65
3.0 7.5 1.75
LOCAL SHEAR FAILURE Nc ' = 5.99 7.5 12.0 1.80 Depth factor to be considered ? Y
c' = 5.3 T/m 2 Nq ' = 1.35 12.0 21.0 1.85 For computation of Depth Factor, depth below GL to be ignored to account for loose
' = 3.3 degrees Ng' = 0.27 21.0 27.0 1.90 soils,poorly compacted backfill above foundation, scour etc. = 2.0
27.0 30.0 2.00
A. Bearing capacity analysis for shallow foundations B. Settlement analysis for shallow foundations based on N-values
as per as per IS 6403-1981 as per IS:8009 (Part 1)-1976, Clause 9.1.4
qnet safe = (1/FS){cNczcdc+q(Nq-1)zqdq+0.5BgNgzgdgRw} qallowable = {(Δpermissible / Δunit) * Rw} / df * dr

1.0E+00
Settlement in metre / unit pressure (kg/cm2)

Foundation Size Depth factors (GSF) Depth factors (LSF)
Shape Depth, m
B, m L, m dc dq dg dc' dq' dg'
4.0 4.0 Square 3.0 1.06 1.00 1.00 1.05 1.00 1.00
1.0E-01
15.0 10.0 Rectangle 3.0 1.02 1.00 1.00 1.01 1.00 1.00
N=10
N=15
0.0250 N=20
N=25
1.0E-02 N=30
N=35
N=40
N=45
N=50
N=55
N=60
1.0E-03
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Width 'B' of Footing, m
Settlement @ 1kg/cm (as

read off from graph), mm
FOUN-DATION SHAPE
Gross Bearing Capacity
Fox's Depth Factor, df
Computed Settlement,
Design Net Bearing
2
Safe Net Bearing
Rigidity Factor, dr
2
Design N-Value
Pressure, T/m2
Dimensions
Foundation
qnet safe , T/m
Capacity T/m2
2
(Safe) T/m
Recommended
Depth,m
Shape Factors
mm
①
②
Net Allowable Bearing Pressure, T/m2
Rw
- min. of ① & ②
B, m L, m zc zq zg GSF LSF
4.0 4.0 Square 3.0 0.50 1.30 1.20 0.80 29.3 18.0 23.6 25.6 13.0 11.2 25.0 0.94 1.0 49.8 11.2
15.0 10.0 Rectangle 3.0 0.50 1.30 1.30 0.40 28.5 17.5 23.0 24.9 14.5 13.3 24.1 0.97 0.8 49.7 13.3
Plate 43 of 47
Settlement Analysis for Shallow Foundations
Elastic Settlement Computed from Theory of Elasticity
Consolidation Settlement Computed by Theory of 1-D Consolidation
Analysis as per IS : 8009 Part 1 - 1976, Clause 9.2
Basna Nalla Location
Isolated Footing
Total settlement, S = Si + Sc Si = immediate settlement
where
ELASTIC / IMMEDIATE SETTLEMENT
Si = q B' (1 - 2) I df dr
E
Reference : Foundation Analysis & Design by J.E.Bowles, fifth edition (1996)
where B= Foundation width B' =B/2  = Poisson's Ratio
q = Applied Bearing Pressure E = Modulus of Elasticity
df = Depth factor dr = Rigidity factor
I = Influence factor at corner of rectangular loaded area(B' x L'),
computed from theory of elasticity using Steinbrenner's factors
Settlement at centre of footing of size B x L = 4 x Settlement at corner of area B' x L'
2
Applied Bearing Pressure q : 11.2 T/m Poisson's Ratio = 0.40
Depth of Foundation D: 3.0 m
Foundation Shape : Square
Foundation Width B : 4.0 m B' = B/2 : 2.00 m
Foundation Length L : 4.0 m L' = L/2 : 2.00 m
M = B'/L' = 1 N =H/B' = 10.0 H = Thickness of compressible strata
Is Rigid Layer met? N
I1 = 0.498 I2 = 0.016 Influence factor, I = 0.503
Design Water Table Depth : 0.0 m
Fox's Depth Factor to be considered ? Y
Depth to be ignored in Depth Factor Computation for
loose soils, poorly compacted backfill, etc. : 2.0 m
Fox's Depth Factor, df = 0.94 Rigidity Factor, dr = 1.00
Consolidation Settlement calculations based on Cc or mv ?: cc
Precons. Press
3
Elasticity, T/m2
Cc2 (p>=pc)
Density T/m
Cc1 (p<pc)
Depth , m
Initial Void
Modulus of
SoilType*
2
C,G or H
(pc), T/m
Layer
Ratio
Soil Classification
No.
From To
1 0.0 3.0 Clayey silt C 1.65 500

2 3.0 7.5 Clayey silt C 1.75 1000 43 0.67 0.018 0.233
3 7.5 12.0 Clayey silt H 1.80 1500 230 0.81 0.020 0.359
4 12.0 21.0 Clayey silt H 1.85 2000
5 21.0 27.0 Clayey silt H 1.90 2800
6 27.0 30.0 Clayey silt H 2.00 3800
* For "Soil Type", Enter : C (Cohesive soil), G (Granular soil) or H (Hard soils/Rock - no consolidation)
2
E (Weighted Average),T/m2 : 1743 T/m
Elastic Settlement = 20.4 mm
Plate 44 of 47
Isolated Footing
CONSOLIDATION SETTLEMENT
As per Terzaghi's theory of one dimensional consolidation :
cc H
Sc = {log(p+p)/p} oed df dr
1+e0
= mv p H oed df dr e0 = Initial void ratio
where: cc = compression index cc1 = cc for stress range < pre-consoli-
p = overburden pressure dation pressure = recompression index
p = incremental pressure computed using stress cc2 = cc for stress range >= pre-consoli-
distribution theory (Boussenesq or
dation pressure
Westergaard)
mv = coeff. of volume change, to be selected
depending on the pressure in layer
2
Applied Bearing Pressure : 11.2 T/m
Foundation Depth, (D) : 3.0 m Stress Distribution Theory : Enter B for
B
Foundation Width (B) : 4.0 m Boussenesq or W for Westergaard :
Foundation Length L : 4.0 m
Oedometer Correction Factor,  : 1.0
2
Overburden Pressure @ Fndn Lvl : 1.95 T/m
AT CENTRE OF LAYER
dp)/p] /(1+e0)
Thickness, m
Cc H log[(p+
below GL.
Soil
(Z) Below
Layer
LAYER p
Depth,m
Depth, m
p Influence cc
Fndn.
No. Type m=L'/Z n=B'/Z

Factor*
2 2
T/m T/m
2 2.0 C 1.00 4.00 2.700 2.00 2.00 0.989 11.08 0.0180 0.0153
2 2.0 C 3.00 6.00 4.200 0.67 0.67 0.824 9.23 0.0180 0.0109
2 0.5 C 4.25 7.25 5.138 0.47 0.47 0.671 7.51 0.0180 0.0021
3 2.0 H 5.50 8.50 6.125 0.36 0.36 0.532 5.96
3 2.0 H 7.50 10.50 7.725 0.27 0.27 0.367 4.11
3 0.5 H 8.75 11.75 8.725 0.23 0.23 0.295 3.31
4 2.0 H 10.00 13.00 9.775 0.20 0.20 0.241 2.70
4 2.0 H 12.00 15.00 11.475 0.17 0.17 0.179 2.00
H = 13.0 m * BOUSSENESQ INFLUENCE FACTORS Soed (m) = 0.0282
Consolidation Settlement = Soed*df*dr* = 26.6 mm
Total Settlement = Elastic Settlement + Consolidation Settlement

= 20.4 + 26.6
= 47.0 mm
Plate 45 of 47
Raft Foundation
Total settlement, S = Si + Sc Si = immediate settlement
where
ELASTIC / IMMEDIATE SETTLEMENT
Si = q B' (1 - 2) I df dr
E
Reference : Foundation Analysis & Design by J.E.Bowles, fifth edition (1996)
where B= Foundation width B' =B/2  = Poisson's Ratio
q = Applied Bearing Pressure E = Modulus of Elasticity
df = Depth factor dr = Rigidity factor
I = Influence factor at corner of rectangular loaded area(B' x L'),
computed from theory of elasticity using Steinbrenner's factors
Settlement at centre of footing of size B x L = 4 x Settlement at corner of area B' x L'
2
Applied Bearing Pressure q : 13.3 T/m Poisson's Ratio = 0.40
Depth of Foundation D: 3.0 m
Foundation Shape : Square
Foundation Width B : 6.0 m B' = B/2 : 3.00 m
Foundation Length L : 6.0 m L' = L/2 : 3.00 m
M = B'/L' = 1 N =H/B' = 10.0 H = Thickness of compressible strata
Is Rigid Layer met? N
I1 = 0.498 I2 = 0.016 Influence factor, I = 0.503
Design Water Table Depth : 0.0 m
Fox's Depth Factor to be considered ? Y
Depth to be ignored in Depth Factor Computation for
loose soils, poorly compacted backfill, etc. : 2.0 m
Fox's Depth Factor, df = 0.96 Rigidity Factor, dr = 0.80
Consolidation Settlement calculations based on Cc or mv ?: cc
Precons. Press
3
Elasticity, T/m2
Cc2 (p>=pc)
Density T/m
Cc1 (p<pc)
Depth , m
Initial Void
Modulus of
SoilType*
2
C,G or H
(pc), T/m
Layer
Ratio
Soil Classification
No.
From To
1 0.0 3.0 Clayey silt C 1.65 500

2 3.0 7.5 Clayey silt C 1.75 1000 43 0.67 0.018 0.233
3 7.5 12.0 Clayey silt H 1.80 1500 230 0.81 0.020 0.359
4 12.0 21.0 Clayey silt H 1.85 2000
5 21.0 27.0 Clayey silt H 1.90 2800
6 27.0 30.0 Clayey silt H 2.00 3800
* For "Soil Type", Enter : C (Cohesive soil), G (Granular soil) or H (Hard soils/Rock - no consolidation)
2
E (Weighted Average),T/m2 : 2128 T/m
Elastic Settlement = 24.3 mm
Plate 46 of 47
Raft Foundation
CONSOLIDATION SETTLEMENT
As per Terzaghi's theory of one dimensional consolidation :
cc H
Sc = {log(p+p)/p} oed df dr
1+e0
= mv p H oed df dr e0 = Initial void ratio
where: cc = compression index cc1 = cc for stress range < pre-consoli-
p = overburden pressure dation pressure = recompression index
p = incremental pressure computed using stress cc2 = cc for stress range >= pre-consoli-
distribution theory (Boussenesq or
dation pressure
Westergaard)
mv = coeff. of volume change, to be selected
depending on the pressure in layer
2
Applied Bearing Pressure : 13.3 T/m
Foundation Depth, (D) : 3.0 m Stress Distribution Theory : Enter B for
B
Foundation Width (B) : 6.0 m Boussenesq or W for Westergaard :
Foundation Length L : 6.0 m
Oedometer Correction Factor,  : 1.0
2
Overburden Pressure @ Fndn Lvl : 1.95 T/m
AT CENTRE OF LAYER
dp)/p] /(1+e0)
Thickness, m
Cc H log[(p+
below GL.
Soil
(Z) Below
Layer
LAYER p
Depth,m
Depth, m
p Influence cc
Fndn.
No. Type m=L'/Z n=B'/Z

Factor*
2 2
T/m T/m
2 3.0 C 1.50 4.50 3.075 2.00 2.00 0.989 13.16 0.0180 0.0234
2 1.5 C 3.75 6.75 4.763 0.80 0.80 0.881 11.72 0.0180 0.0087
3 3.0 H 6.00 9.00 6.525 0.50 0.50 0.701 9.32
3 1.5 H 8.25 11.25 8.325 0.36 0.36 0.532 7.07
4 3.0 H 10.50 13.50 10.200 0.29 0.29 0.402 5.35
4 3.0 H 13.50 16.50 12.750 0.22 0.22 0.283 3.77
4 3.0 H 16.50 19.50 15.300 0.18 0.18 0.207 2.75
5 3.0 H 19.50 22.50 17.925 0.15 0.15 0.156 2.08
H = 21.0 m * BOUSSENESQ INFLUENCE FACTORS Soed (m) = 0.0321
Consolidation Settlement = Soed*df*dr* = 24.6 mm
Total Settlement = Elastic Settlement + Consolidation Settlement

= 24.3 + 24.6
= 48.9 mm
Plate 47 of 47

Basna Nalla Soil Report (Rt-Sbc-Il-20-21-2033-03)

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RISING TECHNOCRATES

GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION FOR

M/s. Adani Infra (India) Ltd.

Report No. RT/SBC/IL/20-21/2033/03

2. FIELD EXPLORATION .............................................................................................. 2

3. LABORATORY TESTS ............................................................................................. 3

5. LIQUEFACTION SUSCEPTIBILITY ASSESSMENT ................................................ 4

6. GEOTECHNICAL ANALYSIS ................................................................................... 5

Caption Plate Nos.

1.2. Purpose & Scope

a) determine the general nature of the subsurface strata at the site;

The scope of work includes the following:

(iv) Collecting undisturbed soil samples at specified depth intervals;

(viii) Preparation and submission of this report in triplicate

1.3. Scope of Work included in this Report

1 BH-1 81.3 30.0

2.2. Standard Penetration Test

2.3. Collection of Samples

Laboratory Tests on Soil Samples IS Code

4. GENERALISED SUB-SURFACE CONDITIONS

1 BH-1 3.5 77.8

5. LIQUEFACTION SUSCEPTIBILITY ASSESSMENT

5.2. Assessment as per IS code

Foundation Level (RL),

6.2. Method of Analysis

qnet safe = 1 [cNcc dc+ q(Nq-1) qdq+ 0.5 B N d Rw]

Si = immediate (elastic) settlement

Isolated 78.0 4.5 9.0 11.2 -

15 x 10 78.0 - - 13.3 24.4

15 x 10 77.5* - - 13.0 23.0

Sand content: ≥ 30% Clay content: ≤ 10%

We strive to perform our professional services in accordance with generally accepted

Angle of Internal Friction,

Bulk Density (gm/cm )

Moisture Content (%)

Depth of Strata, (m)

Plasticity Index (%)

Free swell index

Angle of Internal Friction,

Bulk Density (gm/cm )

Moisture Content (%)

Depth of Strata, (m)

Plasticity Index (%)

Free swell index

Angle of Internal Friction,

Bulk Density (gm/cm )

Moisture Content (%)

Depth of Strata, (m)

Plasticity Index (%)

Free swell index

Angle of Internal Friction,

Bulk Density (gm/cm )

Moisture Content (%)

Depth of Strata, (m)

Plasticity Index (%)

Free swell index

Angle of Internal Friction,

Bulk Density (gm/cm )

Moisture Content (%)