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    Tests Sustainable Innovation

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    Катерина Дрозд
    1. The precautionary principle is used by the European Union to make decisions about innovation when there is uncertainty about potential negative effects on the environment, health, or plants and animals. It applies throughout the European Union and member states. 2. Responsible research and innovation aims to combine societal needs with an innovation's potential impacts from its earliest stages. The largest aspects include public engagement, gender equality, open access, science education, and ethics. 3. Assigning responsibility for innovations is complicated because many entities are often involved in creating and implementing innovations, making causal relationships between individual innovators and overall consequences difficult to determine. Innovators also face restrictions from corporate requirements and regulations.

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    Tests Sustainable Innovation

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    Катерина Дрозд
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    1. The precautionary principle is used by the European Union to make decisions about innovation when there is uncertainty about potential negative effects on the environment, health, or plants and animals. It applies throughout the European Union and member states. 2. Responsible research and innovation aims to combine societal needs with an innovation's potential impacts from its earliest stages. The largest aspects include public engagement, gender equality, open access, science education, and ethics. 3. Assigning responsibility for innovations is complicated because many entities are often involved in creating and implementing innovations, making causal relationships between individual innovators and overall consequences difficult to determine. Innovators also face restrictions from corporate requirements and regulations.

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    1. The precautionary principle is used by the European Union to make decisions about innovation when there is uncertainty about potential negative effects on the environment, health, or plants and animals. It applies throughout the European Union and member states. 2. Responsible research and innovation aims to combine societal needs with an innovation's potential impacts from its earliest stages. The largest aspects include public engagement, gender equality, open access, science education, and ethics. 3. Assigning responsibility for innovations is complicated because many entities are often involved in creating and implementing innovations, making causal relationships between individual innovators and overall consequences difficult to determine. Innovators also face restrictions from corporate requirements and regulations.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    7 views3 pages

    Tests Sustainable Innovation

    Uploaded by

    Катерина Дрозд
    1. The precautionary principle is used by the European Union to make decisions about innovation when there is uncertainty about potential negative effects on the environment, health, or plants and animals. It applies throughout the European Union and member states. 2. Responsible research and innovation aims to combine societal needs with an innovation's potential impacts from its earliest stages. The largest aspects include public engagement, gender equality, open access, science education, and ethics. 3. Assigning responsibility for innovations is complicated because many entities are often involved in creating and implementing innovations, making causal relationships between individual innovators and overall consequences difficult to determine. Innovators also face restrictions from corporate requirements and regulations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    1. According to Duprez Ch.

    within the concept of society loss:

    a) the focus is not on growth but on prosperity.


    b) develops healthy social connections and ecosystems.
    c) reduces production and consumption to protect the environment.
    d) focuses on generating GDP without regard to the issue of depletion of natural resources.

    2. In the European Union, decisions are made on the basis of the precautionary principle when

    a) there is too much uncertainty about the results of the innovation process.
    b) preliminary objective assessment by scientists indicates the potential negative effects of
    innovation on the environment, plants, animals and human health.
    c) significant cost overruns for investment in innovation.
    d) there is a risk of dissemination of confidential information regarding an innovative solution.

    3. The precautionary principle applies

    a) only within the European Union.


    b) in the internal market of the European Union.
    c) in the founding countries of the EC.
    d) in the member states of the European Union and beyond.
    4. The philosopher Arendt, within the concept of vita activa, defines "three basic human activities such
    as:

    a) education, production (work) and action.


    b) work, production (work) and action. (Labour, work, action)
    c) work, production (work) and health care (medical care).
    d) work, competition and action.
    5.The first large-scale effort to develop and implement a conceptual framework and methodology for
    monitoring the evolution and benefits of responsible research and innovation in the EU was
    a) Responsible EU project (2010-2014)
    b) MoRRI Project (2014–2018)
    c) RRI Project (2007-2013)
    d) Responsibility & Inclusion Project (2007-2013)

    6. Which country had the largest share of the electric car market in 2019?

    a) Japan.
    b) Norway.
    c) Singapore.
    d) Canada.

    7. According to Weijers, the aspects that fall under the scope of responsible innovation are:

    a) combining, at the stage of crystallization of the idea for innovation, market needs with the
    potential impact of innovation on the environment or human health.
    b) combining a sustainable world with multiplicity, where examples are innovations such as open
    scripting, open to users and increasing their ability to initiate, etc.
    c) combining durability with fragility, as in the case of sustainable finance, where durability
    characterizes the relationship between a financial product and the ability of people to exercise
    collective power over it.
    d) connecting the company with the public sphere, i.e. transforming the workplace to resemble the
    public sphere like open source projects involving thousands of innovators from different
    countries.

    8. The fair assignment of responsibility (understood as reprehensibility, guilt) for the implemented
    innovation to the innovator is questionable because

    a) Many entities are most often involved in the process of creating and implementing innovations,
    hence it may be difficult, if not impossible, to detect a causal relationship between the actions
    of individual innovators and the overall consequences of the innovation process.
    b) it happens that innovations are created in the conditions of a number of contradictory
    requirements and moral norms, hence in many cases compromises are inevitable, including
    between moral values.
    c) an innovator working in a company or a large research organization is subject to restrictions by
    corporate statutes and various internal regulations, hence his freedom of action is limited.
    d) all of the above answers are wrong.

    9.The marginal abatement cost curve (MAC) shows the marginal cost of additional greenhouse gas
    emissions reductions, or how much greenhouse gas emissions would be reduced at different levels of
    the carbon price.

    a) True
    b) false

    10. In accordance with the provisions of the TFEU, with a view to protecting human health and the
    environment, any EU action should be implemented in accordance with

    a) the precautionary principle


    b) the "many hands" principle
    c) the principle of prevention
    d) "polluter pays" principle

    11. Strategy for sustainable development, adopted in 2001 in Goeterborg

    a) was a milestone leading to the implementation of the modern concept of sustainable


    development in the EU.
    b) it complemented the strategy to support economic growth and employment, adding the
    environmental dimension of sustainable development.
    c) articulated the need to introduce changes in the process of creating and shaping various policies
    and strategies in the EU so as to ensure mutual strengthening of the three dimensions of
    sustainable development.
    d) stressed the need to mutually strengthen economic, social and environmental policies in the EU.

    12.The six RRI (Responsible Research and Innovation) keys include:

    a) Community engagement, racial equity, open access, science education, ethics and public
    management
    b) Local society involvement, equality and open access, science education, ethics and
    organizational management
    c) Business engagement, gender equality, open access, science education, ethics and governance
    d) Public engagement, gender equality, open access, science education, ethics and governance

    13. What is sustainability in Sustainable Finance 1.0, which Schoenmaker distinguished as the first stage
    that finance is going through?
    a) Ensuring an appropriate level of financial resources by shareholders.
    b) Balancing the negative impact on the environment with the expenses incurred to remove these
    effects.
    c) Balancing the salaries of women and men.
    d) Negative selection of projects, i.e. avoiding the allocation of funds to industries that have a
    negative impact on society.

    14. The challenges facing modern society require the implementation of innovative solutions
    supporting:

    a) social dimension of sustainable development.


    b) areas related to environmental and climate protection.
    c) all three dimensions of sustainable development.
    d) only the economic dimension of sustainable development.

    15. A fair assignment of responsibility (understood as reprehensibility, guilt) for the implemented
    innovation to the innovator requires, among others, the following: following conditions:

    a) the innovator works without any coercion or pressure from third parties.
    b) there is no "dead hand" problem.
    c) the innovator has the moral and ethical ability to evaluate his or her actions.
    d) there is a causal relationship between the subject (the innovator's action) and the object (the
    result of these actions).

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