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    The Pallavas 275CE 897CE NCERT Ancient Indian History Notes For UPSC

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    Diksha Dwivedi
    The Pallavas ruled from 275-897 CE in southern India, establishing a powerful kingdom with their capital at Kanchipuram. They built great cities and temples, such as the Shore Temple at Mahabalipuram. Considered the greatest Pallava ruler, Mahendravarman I laid the foundations of South Indian art and culture through architectural and literary achievements. His successor Narasimhavarman I further expanded the empire and defeated the Chalukya king Pulakesin II in 642 CE. The Pallava dynasty declined after being defeated by the Cholas in the 9th century CE.

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    The Pallavas 275CE 897CE NCERT Ancient Indian History Notes For UPSC

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    Diksha Dwivedi
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    The Pallavas ruled from 275-897 CE in southern India, establishing a powerful kingdom with their capital at Kanchipuram. They built great cities and temples, such as the Shore Temple at Mahabalipuram. Considered the greatest Pallava ruler, Mahendravarman I laid the foundations of South Indian art and culture through architectural and literary achievements. His successor Narasimhavarman I further expanded the empire and defeated the Chalukya king Pulakesin II in 642 CE. The Pallava dynasty declined after being defeated by the Cholas in the 9th century CE.

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    The Pallavas ruled from 275-897 CE in southern India, establishing a powerful kingdom with their capital at Kanchipuram. They built great cities and temples, such as the Shore Temple at Mahabalipuram. Considered the greatest Pallava ruler, Mahendravarman I laid the foundations of South Indian art and culture through architectural and literary achievements. His successor Narasimhavarman I further expanded the empire and defeated the Chalukya king Pulakesin II in 642 CE. The Pallava dynasty declined after being defeated by the Cholas in the 9th century CE.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    99 views4 pages

    The Pallavas 275CE 897CE NCERT Ancient Indian History Notes For UPSC

    Uploaded by

    Diksha Dwivedi
    The Pallavas ruled from 275-897 CE in southern India, establishing a powerful kingdom with their capital at Kanchipuram. They built great cities and temples, such as the Shore Temple at Mahabalipuram. Considered the greatest Pallava ruler, Mahendravarman I laid the foundations of South Indian art and culture through architectural and literary achievements. His successor Narasimhavarman I further expanded the empire and defeated the Chalukya king Pulakesin II in 642 CE. The Pallava dynasty declined after being defeated by the Cholas in the 9th century CE.

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    The Pallavas - 275CE-897CE [NCERT Ancient

    Indian History Notes For UPSC]


    The Pallavas emerged as a formidable power in the South around the 4​th​ century AD and were
    at the height of their power in the seventh century AD. They were able to sustain their rule for
    about 500 years. They built great cities, centres of learning, temples, and sculptures and
    influenced a large part of Southeast Asia in culture. This article talks about Pallavas – Origins
    and Rulers. This is an important topic for the UPSC Civil Services Exam. These NCERT notes
    will also be useful for other competitive exams like banking PO, SSC, state civil services exams,
    and so on.

    Important Facts about Pallavas


    Some important facts are mentioned in the table below:

    Who was the founder There is no clarity on the name of the founder of Pallava dynasty
    of the Pallava but the rise of Pallavas in the last quarter of the 6th century is
    Dynasty? attributed to Simha Vishnu.

    Who was the greatest Mahendravarman I is considered to be the greatest ruler of the
    ruler of the Pallava Pallavas.
    Dynasty?
    ● His reign was marked by many architectural and literary
    achievements which would lay the foundations of future Art
    and Culture of South India

    What is the name of Kanchipuram was the capital of the Pallavas


    the capital of
    Pallavas?

    What are the temples Shore Temple at Mahabalipuram and the Kanchi Kailasanathar
    built by Pallavas? Temple at Kanchipuram are famous temples that were constructed
    during the reign of Pallavas

    Political History of Pallavas

    ● The origins of the Pallavas are shrouded in mystery. There are several theories
    propounded by historians.
    ● Some historians say they are a branch of the Parthian people (a tribe from Iran) who
    gradually migrated to South India.
    ● Some say they are an indigenous dynasty that arose within the Southern region and
    were a mix of various tribes.
    ● Some experts believe them to be of Naga origin who first settled around the
    Tondaimandalam region near Madras.
    ● Another theory says that they are descendant from a Chola prince and a Naga princess
    of Manipallavam (an island off Jaffna, Sri Lanka).
    ● Some others are of the opinion that the Pallavas were feudatories of the Satavahanas.
    ● The first Pallava kings ruled during the beginning of the 4th century AD. By the 7th
    century AD, there were three kingdoms in southern India vying for supremacy namely
    the Chalukyas of Badami, the Pandyas of Madurai and the Pallavas of Kanchipuram.

    The extent of the Pallava dynasty

    ● The Pallava capital was Kanchipuram.


    ● Their territories at the height of their powers extended from the northern part of Andhra
    Pradesh to River Kaveri in the South.
    ● During the seventh century, the Cholas were reduced to a marginal state by the authority
    of the Pallavas.
    ● Vatapi (Badami) was occupied by the Pallava king Narasimhavarman who defeated the
    Chalukyas.
    ● The Kalabhra uprising was crushed by the Pandyas, Chalukyas and the Pallavas jointly.
    The Kalabhras were protesting against the numerous land grants (Brahamadeya) to
    Brahmanas made by the Brahmanic rulers of the three dynasties.

    Rulers of the Pallava Empire

    Sivaskanda Varman

    ● Greatest among the early rulers. Ruled at the beginning of the 4th century AD.
    ● Performed Ashwamedha and other Vedic sacrifices.

    Simhavarman/Simhavishnu (Reign: 575 AD – 600 AD)

    ● Was a Buddhist.
    ● Included Sri Lanka in his kingdom.
    ● Defeated the contemporary Tamil ruler. Pallava history assumes a definite character
    from this ruler onwards.

    Mahendravarman (Reign: 600 AD – 630 AD)

    ● Succeeded Simhavishnu who was his father.


    ● He was a poet and composed Vichitrachita and Mahavilasa Prahasana.
    ● He introduced rock-cut temple architecture.
    ● Was a Jain who converted to Saivism.
    ● Had on-going rivalry and battles with Pulakesin II of Chalukya dynasty.
    ● Mahendravarman died in battle with the Chalukyas. He was an able and efficient ruler.

    Narasimhavarman I (630 AD – 668 AD)

    ● Son and successor of Mahendravarman.


    ● Considered the greatest of the Pallavas. Also called Narasimhavarman
    Mahamalla/Mamalla.
    ● Defeated and killed Pulakesin II in 642 AD. He took control of Vatapi, the Chalukya
    capital and assumed the title ‘Vatapikonda’.
    ● Also vanquished the Cholas, Cheras and the Pandyas.
    ● He sent a naval expedition to Sri Lanka and reinstated the Sinhalese Prince Manivarma.
    ● He founded the city of Mamallapuram or Mahabalipuram which is named after him.
    ● Hiuen Tsang visited the Pallava kingdom during his reign in about 640 AD and he
    describes the people living in his kingdom as happy.
    ● He also says there was an abundance of agricultural products.
    ● Great Nayannar saints like Appar, Tirugnanasambandar and Siruthondar lived during his
    reign.
    ● He was succeeded by his son Mahendravarman II who ruled from 668 to 670 AD.

    Later rulers

    ● After Mahendravarman II, his son Parameswaravarman became the king.


    ● During his rule, Kanchipuram was occupied by the Chalukyas.
    ● Nripatunga was an important king who defeated a Pandya king.
    ● There were a few other rulers. The last ruler of the Pallava dynasty was Aparajitavarman
    who was killed in battle with the Cholas.

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