Managerial Report

On
African Elephant Populations

Submitted By:
Group 4(A)
Anshu Kumar -150013
Shubham Sekhar Sinha -150043
Srijan Sashwat -150047
Swikriti Singh - 150050
Tousif Ahmed - 150052
Vishwjeet Kumar Karn - 150058
Divya Anand - F0402
 Contents
1. Introduction
2. Mean Annual change in elephant population for each country from
1979 to 1989.
3. Mean Annual change in elephant population for each country from
1989 to 2007.
4. Mean Annual change in elephant population for each country from
2007 to 2012.
5. Comparison of results from 2, 3 & 4.
6. Conclusion
 Introduction
Although millions of elephants once roamed across Africa, by the mid-
1980s elephant populations in African nations had been devastated by
poaching. Elephants are important to African ecosystems. In tropical
forests, elephants create clearings in the canopy that encourage new tree
growth. In savannas, elephants reduce bush cover to create an
environment that is favorable to browsing and grazing animals. In
addition, the seeds of many plant species depend on passing through an
elephant's digestive tract before germination. The status of the elephant
now varies greatly across the continent
Mean Annual change in elephant population for each country from 1979
to 1989.

Mean
Annual
Proportional Geometric change
Country Change mean 1979-1989
Angola 1 1 0
1.0981306
Botswana
2.55 6 9.81306619
1.0272640 2.72640376
Cameroon
1.308641975 4 3
-
Cen African
0.8870361 11.2963878
Rep
0.301587302 2 9
-
Chad 0.8541360 14.5863967
0.206666667 3 3
1.2055005 20.5500593
Congo
6.481481481 9 3
-
Dem Rep of
0.8614442 13.8555715
Congo
0.225046333 8 1
1.1895176 18.9517619
Gabon
5.671641791 2 7
0.8842682 -
Kenya
0.292307692 4 11.5731765
-
Mozambique 0.8975801 10.2419852
0.339416058 5 1
-
Somalia 0.8694697 13.0530208
0.24691358 9 4
-
Tanzania 0.8715635 12.8436409
0.252924439 9 2
-
Zambia 0.8783533 12.1646654
0.273333333 5 5
1.0366561 3.66561299
Zimbabwe
1.433333333 3 2

Interpretations
The elephant populations in several nations declined at an annual rate of
10% or more from 1979 to 1989. During the same period a few nations
(Botswana, Congo & Gabon) experienced growth in elephant
populations.

Mean Annual change in elephant population for each country from 1989
to 2007.

Mean
Annual
change
Proportional Geometri 1989-
Country Change c mean 2007
0.915482 -
Angola
0.204032258 3 8.45177
1.071063 7.10636
Botswana
3.440921569 6 1
0.982353 -
Cameroon
0.725801887 2 1.76468
Cen African 0.907845 -
Rep 0.175473684 1 9.21549
1.041409
Chad
2.075806452 4 4.14094
0.937961 -
Congo
0.315742857 9 6.20381
Dem Rep of 0.931535 -
Congo 0.278988235 1 6.84649
0.995942 -
Gabon
0.929434211 7 0.40573
1.028730 2.87303
Kenya
1.665052632 4 5
1.89729
Mozambique
1.402580645 1.018973 6
0.780922 -
Somalia
0.011666667 9 21.9077
1.041735 4.17354
Tanzania
2.0875375 5 9
Zambia 0.71295122 0.981378 -
 8 1.86212
1.047481 4.74816
Zimbabwe
2.304813953 7 8

Interpretations
Only one country (Somalia) continues to experience average annual
declines of 10% or more in its elephant population from 1989 to 2007.

Mean Annual change in elephant population for each country from 2007
to 2012.

Mean
Annual
change
Proportional Geometric 2007-
Country Change mean 2012
Angola 1 1 0
0.9999623 -
Botswana
0.999811952 9 0.00376
0.9819701 -
Cameroon
0.913043478 6 1.80298
Cen African 0.9272228 -
Rep 0.685362927 4 7.27772
0.8586778 -
Chad
0.466822067 8 14.1322
17.3792
Congo
2.228214641 1.1737927 7
Dem Rep of 0.8957321 -
Congo 0.576621405 3 10.4268
 1.0180649 1.80649
Gabon
1.093647805 8 8
1.0276595 2.76595
Kenya
1.1461626 1 1
1.0032371 0.32371
Mozambique
1.016291015 8 8
Somalia 1 1 0
0.9320306 -
Tanzania
0.703316707 3 6.79694
0.9411910
Zambia
0.738565222 1 -5.8809
Zimbabwe 1.011946684 1.002378 0.2378

Interpretations
Two countries(Chad & Democratic Republic of the Congo ) experienced
average annual declines in their elephant populations of 10% or more
from 2007 to 2012.

Comparison of results from 2, 3 & 4.

Botswana 9.81306619 7.106361 -0.00376

Cameroon 2.726403763 -1.76468 -1.80298

Cen African Rep - -9.21549 -7.27772

-
Chad 14.58639673 4.14094 -14.1322

Congo 20.55005933 -6.20381 17.37927

Dem Rep of -
Congo 13.85557151 -6.84649 -10.4268

Gabon 18.95176197 -0.40573 1.806498

Kenya -11.5731765 2.873035 2.765951

-
Mozambique 10.24198521 1.897296 0.323718

-
Somalia 13.05302084 -21.9077 0

-
Tanzania 12.84364092 4.173549 -6.79694

-
Zambia 12.16466545 -1.86212 -5.8809

Zimbabwe 3.665612992 4.748168 0.2378

We can use a set of box plots