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    Lab 13

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    Keenan
    This document summarizes a lab experiment that tested the electrical conductivity of various substances. Sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide, and hydrochloric acid were found to be conductive, while kerosene, sucrose, ethanol, and water were not. Ionic compounds such as NaCl and NaOH conduct electricity when dissolved in water due to their ions dissociating. Hydrochloric acid is polar and its hydrogen and chlorine ions separate in water, allowing it to conduct. The non-conductive substances have covalent molecular bonds that do not separate into ions in solution.

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    Lab 13

    Uploaded by

    Keenan
    27 views2 pages
    This document summarizes a lab experiment that tested the electrical conductivity of various substances. Sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide, and hydrochloric acid were found to be conductive, while kerosene, sucrose, ethanol, and water were not. Ionic compounds such as NaCl and NaOH conduct electricity when dissolved in water due to their ions dissociating. Hydrochloric acid is polar and its hydrogen and chlorine ions separate in water, allowing it to conduct. The non-conductive substances have covalent molecular bonds that do not separate into ions in solution.

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    Lab13

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    This document summarizes a lab experiment that tested the electrical conductivity of various substances. Sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide, and hydrochloric acid were found to be conductive, while kerosene, sucrose, ethanol, and water were not. Ionic compounds such as NaCl and NaOH conduct electricity when dissolved in water due to their ions dissociating. Hydrochloric acid is polar and its hydrogen and chlorine ions separate in water, allowing it to conduct. The non-conductive substances have covalent molecular bonds that do not separate into ions in solution.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    27 views2 pages

    Lab 13

    Uploaded by

    Keenan
    This document summarizes a lab experiment that tested the electrical conductivity of various substances. Sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide, and hydrochloric acid were found to be conductive, while kerosene, sucrose, ethanol, and water were not. Ionic compounds such as NaCl and NaOH conduct electricity when dissolved in water due to their ions dissociating. Hydrochloric acid is polar and its hydrogen and chlorine ions separate in water, allowing it to conduct. The non-conductive substances have covalent molecular bonds that do not separate into ions in solution.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Keenan Enrilsen Lab 13: Bonding and conductivity Date- 17/3/21

    Aim: To find if sodium hydroxide, sucrose, ethanol, water, kerosene, sodium chloride
    are electrically conductive.

    Equipment and Procedure- See page: 36 STAWA Lab 13

    Results/Observations:
    Substance Conductivity (amps)
    Kerosene -
    Sucrose -
    Ethanol -
    NaCl Yes – 0.19
    Distilled Water -
    NaOH Yes- 0.2
    HCl Yes – 0.5

    Question:
    1. Which of the pure substances tested in parts A and B conducted an electric
    current? What can you say about the nature of the bonding present in these
    substances? List the species, which were the charge carriers in each case.
    Only NaCl, NaOH and HCl conducted electricity. NaCl and NaOH are both ionic
    compounds so when dissolved in water, they disassociate into their individual
    ions. A hydration shell wraps around them to prevent contact with each other,
    which would lead to the reformation of solid. HCl is an example of a polar
    substance as it has dipole charges, Cl has a higher electronegativity than H.
    2 List the pure substances tested in the experiment that did not conduct an
    electric current. What can you say about the type of bonding present in these
    substances? What species are present in each case?
    Kerosene, sucrose, ethanol, and distilled water did not conduct electricity. All
    of these substances are covalent molecular bonds. They are polar substances
    as they all have the same amount of polarity and the same dipole forces
    meaning that one side of the atom is not pulled more strongly than the other.
    3. In the solid state, both NaCl and NaOH are ionic lattices. What happens to
    these substances when they dissolve in water?
    When these substances dissolve in water, their ions dissociate, and are
    individually covered in a hydration shell which prevents the ions making
    contact with each other and reforming a solid.

    4. Pure HCl is a covalent molecule. What happens to each HCl molecule when it
    is dissolved in water?
    Keenan Enrilsen Lab 13: Bonding and conductivity Date- 17/3/21

    Pure HCl is a covalent molecule since does not contain metal ions. Since HCl
    is a polar substance, it means that the H does not have the same attraction as
    the Cl due to difference in electronegativities, as a result, when they dissolve
    in water, H forms a + ion and Cl forms a – ion. Since there is a charge and
    mobility due to being dissolved in water, they can now conduct electricity.

    Conclusion:
    In conclusion, we were able to conduct this experiment safely, as we were able
    to find if sodium hydroxide, sucrose, ethanol, water, kerosene, sodium
    chloride is electrically conductive. We found that the only substances that
    conducted electricity were NaCl, NaOH, and HCl.

    Evaluation:
    Our group worked well and safely together, we knew the preliminary
    precautions to take when working with flammable substances such as
    kerosene, and acids, such as hydrochloric acid. Our group stayed together
    during the experiments so that everyone was able to observe the conductivity
    readings of each substance. A possible source of error could be not cleaning
    and drying the beaker sufficiently between substances, which would affect the
    conductivity readings of the tested substances.

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