Cours E BFC 34402 (Geotechnics Ii) 20% Group Report (Wp1, Wp4 Wp6, Wk3, Wk7 & Wk8) Topic Slope Remedialtechnique (Slope Stability)
Cours E BFC 34402 (Geotechnics Ii) 20% Group Report (Wp1, Wp4 Wp6, Wk3, Wk7 & Wk8) Topic Slope Remedialtechnique (Slope Stability)
Cours E BFC 34402 (Geotechnics Ii) 20% Group Report (Wp1, Wp4 Wp6, Wk3, Wk7 & Wk8) Topic Slope Remedialtechnique (Slope Stability)
Objective
The purpose of this Open-Ended Report is to categorize suitable technique for slope remedial work in
geotechnical aspect
Problem statement:
Slope failure which occurred on 6 December 2008 at Bukit Antarabangsa, Ampang Selangor has
caused mortalities and loss of properties whereas more than 20 houses were flattened. Prior to slope
failure, it was heavily downpoured for a few hours that increased the soil saturation and plasticity
properties. A total of 10 soil samples were randomly taken from stable and unstable slopes to
determine physical soil properties, infiltration rate and their relationship to rainfall pattern. Soils were
analyzed in terms of their physical properties; five years (2005-2009) of daily rainfalls were analyzed
to determine their relationship to infiltration rate at each sampling station. Infiltration rate is
determined by using infiltrometer double ring. Analysis of physical soils properties shows that soil
texture was dominated by sandy soil with relatively high percentage of sand. Values of clay dispersion
coefficient were relatively stable to very stable from 0.013% to 11.85% and organic content from 1.38
% to 2.74 %. Range of porosity was from 50.12% to 62.31%, while the average levels of hydraulic
conductivity was from level 2 to 5 or relatively slow to fast. Percentage of soil aggregate stability was
from 5.12 % to 48.42 % and this value indicates that relative strength of soil mechanical pressure is
inversely proportional to the percentage of water content. Soil plasticity value was high to very high
but characterized by inactive colloids. Distribution of monthly rainfall was from 38 mm to 427mm.
The infiltration rate during sampling time was from 3.0 cm/hr to 7.0 cm/hr; but it was expected from
10.94cm/hr to 915.05 cm/hr during slope failures. Overall, it was interpreted that physical soil
properties were closely interrelated with slope stability, structure of sandy soil will enhance soil
porosity stage and enhance the infiltration process during heavy rainfall, and finally triggering of slope
failure.
Figure 1: Slope failure at Bukit Antarabangsa, Ampang, Selangor
Instruction:
Format:
b) Table of content
This part presents the descriptions and page no
c) Introduction
This part presents slope failure, identify issue in engineering practice and type of failure.
(Include some citation)
d) Literature Review
This part presents the techniques of slope stability remediation and some theory for slope
stability analysis (Include some citation and figures)
h) Conclusion
i) Reference
This part presents all of the citation of sources that made as reference. Following are the
example of format:
(a) Book
Author (Year). Title. (Edition). Placed published: Publisher
Example:
Theusen, G. J. and Fabrycky, W. J. (1984). Engineering Economy. (6th ed.) Englewood
Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice Hall.
Author (Year). Title of the article. Name of the conference. Place. page.
Example:
Sheta, A. F. and De Jong, K. (1996). Parameter Estimation of Nonlinear Systems in
Noisy Environments Using Genetic Algorithms. Proceedings of the 1996 IEEE
International Symposium on Intelligent Control. Dearborn, Michigan. 360 - 365.
(e) Thesis
Author (Year). Title of the thesis. Thesis award. Place published.
Example:
Adnan bin Hassan (2002). On-line Recognition of Developing Control Chart Patterns.
Doctor Philosophy. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. Malaysia.
(f) Report
Name of organization (Year). Title [Report]. Place published: Publisher.
Example
British Car Auctions and The University of Buckingham. (2014). The Used Car Market
Report [Report]. United Kingdom: British Car Auctions.
(h) Brochure
Name of organization (Year). Title [Brochure]. Place published: Publisher.
Example:
Research and Training Center (1993). Guidelines for Reporting and Writing About
People with Disabilities. [Brochure]. Lawrance, KS: Macmillan
Example: