Wajid Khan

Introduction.
Functionalism and its basic or fundamental assumptions.
Functionalism and its implications, example from the world.
Ideologies in social sciences.
Is functionalism utopian.
Conclusion.
1. Introduction.
International relation is the study of countries or states and their interactions among each
other’s. To study it properly experts have formulated many theories. These theories govern
international relation. The theories have some assumptions and accordingly defines and
categories the foreign policy as well as the relation of one country with the other functionalism
is one such ideology or the theory that govern international relation. The founder of this
theory(functionalism) hoped that there should be a concept which deals issue across the
border. Therefore, David Mitrany, presented the concept of functionalism the ulterior motive
was to achieve social peace and prosperity. Although there is no absolute truth in the social
sciences but it is based on the assumptions. The reason behind this feature is social sciences are
evolutionary so it is not constant but dynamic. It is difficult in social science to call something
utopian but here the functionalist theory possesses some close feature which could relate
utopian. Let us now look into the theory itself. The following are some basic assumption of the
functionalism has been defined.

Assumptions.
Humans have some certain basic needs which are biological and physiological in nature. Culture
and values have evaluated to fulfill these needs.
Culture form the bases of any society so one its main task is to maintain itself. So as to continue
obeying its main task of maintaining the society intact.
Culture consists of many interrelated parts; altering one may disrupt the whole.
Implications.
1. European union consists of 27 members and it is one of the big trade union. The
fundamental principle of the that trade union is to enhance trade, goods and allow free
mobility of services without any restrictions. All their trade is based on the theory
economic liberalism and theory of dependency. However, it provides jobs promoting
trade and other technical assistance to others.
2. The cultural exchange program is considering as another landmark initiative among
states for creating peace and provide assistance. It is a channel through which one can
took advantages from the skills and experience of others and create respects for others
diverse culture. Therefore, it enables a person to learn more artists experience.
3. The world bank and other developed countries facilitate underdeveloped countries in
order to uplift the boat of education. Thus they offer scholarships to the students so
they would get benefits from their advance educational value, experience. However,
different organizations hire various researchers and acamadecians to explore the

remote underdeveloped areas etc. apart from that developed countries provide
immense opportunities to poor and weak countries.
4. In the world war two beside all the crust and truf between the united states of America
and the USSR fought together against their rivals (allies). Both countries were ideological
differences like, US belongs to capitalist block while USSR tendency was towards the
communist bloc. However, ties remain hostile it’s because of the US hypocrisy towards
tyrannical role of the Stalin.
Conclusion.
Functionalists always seeks to help, facilitate and cooperate each other around the globe.in
this way the world advance state always assists the poor nation in technology, health and
education among others. So they could get enough advantage from their experience.
Question 2: Is it possible to follow the functionalist to build peace between Pakistan and
India?
Introduction:
Functionalism is dominant approach emerged in international relation snice after the world war
II. The fundamental theme of theses concept is to serve the common good through
cooperation. It looks to human nature in a very positive manner rather than realistic approach.
The basic assumption is specific, technical cooperation which derive from one political domain
or politics should use in a threshold level, so it will increase interactional peace and
cooperation. Therefore, functionalist talks about to ensure cooperation among different states.
However, there are many hostile and complex regions all over the world where there are
clashes between states or between states and rebel etc. similarly, South Asia is one among
them whose terrain is dangerous, complex and diverse. Beside other states in these regions
Pakistan and India are considered are the most hostile and arch rival to each other. It’s because
many time these two countries have fought direct wars against each other, however, India and
Pakistan are in constant to get leverage over one another. These types of competition have
created hysteria among people. There is always looming threats of nuclear war. Although, the
problems between these two states are inherited and its roots trace back partition back 1947.
India and Pakistan have not been to solve all the problems and did not succeed in establishing
sustainable bilateral ties. The following measure should be taking to address their problems;
1. It is mediatory for both countries that they should acknowledge the regional stability of
the regimes. They are obliged to halt the aggressive diplomacy and step that could
enhance the chance of nuclear conflict.
2. The problems of non-state actors and terrorism should be addressed jointly through a
proper mechanism otherwise the sustainable growth of peace would not prevail.
3. There is need to make confidence building measures to remove the obstacle of trust
deficit. It is only possible when there is some channel of dialogue so they would interact
each other.
4. Another crucial problem of water crises so these problems should be solved through
mutual consensus in the light of international convention or Indus Basin treaty.
5. Kashmir dispute is hot problem between both countries and it can be solved through
proper negotiation. First, they demilitarized the region; second, need of neutral
mediator; third to solve the problem through UN convention and with open diplomacy.

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Introduction.

Functionalism and its basic or fundamental assumptions.

Functionalism and its implications, example from the world.

Ideologies in social sciences.

functionalism has been defined.

and values have evaluated to fulfill these needs.

obeying its main task of maintaining the society intact.

economic liberalism and theory of dependency. However, it provides jobs promoting

trade and other technical assistance to others.

2. The cultural exchange program is considering as another landmark initiative among

diverse culture. Therefore, it enables a person to learn more artists experience.

different organizations hire various researchers and acamadecians to explore the

immense opportunities to poor and weak countries.

tyrannical role of the Stalin.

enhance the chance of nuclear conflict.

mutual consensus in the light of international convention or Indus Basin treaty.

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