Contents

Preface vii

Chapter 1 Sequence and Series 1.1–1.89

Introduction 1.1
Progression 1.1
Geometric Progression (GP) 1.2
Recognisation of AP, GP and HP 1.3
Means ( AM, GM and HM) 1.3
mth Powers Theorem 1.5
Cauchy-Schwartz Inequality 1.5
Maximum and Minimum Values of Positive Real Numbers 1.5
Arithmetico Geometric Progression 1.6
Summation of Series 1.6
Method of Differences 1.7
Exercises 1.7
Answers 1.25
Hints and Solutions 1.28
Chapter 2 Quadratic Equations and Expressions 2.1–2.76
Algebraic Expression 2.1
Polynomial 2.1
Equation 2.1
Identity 2.1
Types of Equations 2.1
Difference between an Equation and an Identity 2.1
Quadratic Formula 2.1
Nature of the Roots 2.2
Sum and Product of the Roots 2.2
Symmetic Functions of the Roots 2.2
Formation of an Equation 2.2
Common Roots of Quadratic Equations 2.2
Graph of a Quadratic Polynomial 2.3
Resolution of a Second Degree Expression in x and y 2.4
Location of the Roots 2.4
Some Special Types of Quadratic Equations 2.5
Transformation of Polynomial Equation 2.5
Intermediate Value Theorem 2.5

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Descartes Rule of Signs 2.6

Concept of solving Algebraic In-equation 2.6
Equation Containing Absolute Values 2.6
Irrational Equations 2.7
Irrational In-equations 2.7
Exponential Equations 2.7
Exponential In-equations 2.8
Exercises 2.8
Answers 2.28
Hints and Solutions 2.31
Chapter 3 Logarithm 3.1–3.31
Introduction 3.1
Basic Formulae on Logarithm 3.1
Logarithmic Equation 3.2
Logarithmic In-equation 3.2
Conceptual Problem 3.2
Conceptual Problem 3.4
Conceptual Problem 3.6
Exercises 3.8
Answers 3.14
Hints and Solutions 3.15
Chapter 4 Complex Numbers 4.1–4.89
Introduction 4.1
Algebra of Complex Numbers 4.1
Equality of Complex Numbers 4.2
Conjugate of Complex Numbers 4.2
Modulus of a Complex Number 4.2
Argument of a Complex Number 4.3
Principal Value of Argument of a Complex Number z 4.3
Representation of a Complex Number 4.4
Square Root of a Complex Number 4.5
Cube Roots of Unity 4.5
Properties of Cube Roots of Unity 4.5
Demoivre’s Theorem 4.6
nth Roots of Unity 4.6
Rotation 4.8
Loci in a Complex Plane 4.11
Ptolemy’s Theorem 4.14
Exercises 4.14
Answers 4.31
Hints and Solutions 4.34
Chapter 5 Permutations and Combinations 5.1–5.53
Factorial Notation 5.1
Exponent of a Prime p in (n)! 5.1
Fundamental Principle of Counting 5.1
Permutations 5.1
Sum of Numbers 5.1
Permutation with Repetition 5.1
Permutations of Alike Objects 5.1
Restricted Permutations 5.2
Rank of a Word in Dictionary 5.2
Gap Method 5.2
Circular Permutations 5.2

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Restricted Circular Permutations 5.2

Combinations 5.2
Some Important Results to Remember 5.2
Restricted Combinations 5.2
Combinations from Distinct Objects 5.3
Combinations from Identical Objects 5.3
Combinations when Identical and Distinct Objects are Present 5.3
Divisor of a Given Natural Number 5.3
Distribution into Group of Unequal Size among Sets (Groups) and Persons 5.3
Distribution into Group of Equal Size among Sets (Groups) and Persons 5.3
Arrangement into Groups 5.4
De-arrangement 5.4
Multinomial Theorem 5.4
Solutions of the Equation with the Help of Multinomial Theorem 5.4
Selection of Squares 5.5
Geometrical Problems 5.5
Exercises 5.5
Answers 5.19
Hints and Solutions 5.23
Chapter 6 Binomial Theorem 6.1–6.72
Definition 6.1
Factorial of a Natural Number, n. 6.1
Binomial Co-efficients 6.1
Binomial Theorem (for positive integral index) 6.1
Multinomial Theorem for Positive Integral Index 6.3
Binomial Theorem for any Index 6.4
Exponential Series 6.5
Logarithmic Series 6.5
Exercises 6.6
Answers 6.21
Hints and Solutions 6.22
Chapter 7 Matrices and Determinants 7.1–7.82
Introduction 7.1
Types of Matrices 7.1
Addition of Matrices 7.2
Multiplication of Matrices 7.2
Transpose of a Matrix 7.3
Determinant 7.4
Cramers Rule Statement 7.5
Homogeneous System of Equations 7.6
Multiplication of Two Determinants 7.6
Differentiation of Determinant 7.6
Integration of Determinant 7.7
Summation of Determinants 7.7
Adjoint of a Matrix 7.7
Singular and Non-singular Matrices Singular Matrix 7.8
Inverse of a Matrix 7.8
Solutions of the System of Equations by Matrix (Inverse ) Method 7.8
Elementary Transformations of a Matrix 7.9
Advance Types of Matrices 7.9
Exercises 7.10
Answers 7.32
Hints and Solutions 7.32

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