Lab 0: Intro to running Jupyter Notebook

on a Raspberry Pi
Li-Hao Yeh, and Michael Chen updated from
previous efforts by Nick Antipa, Jon Tamir, and Frank Ong
January 28, 2019

This lab will walk you through setting up your Raspberry Pi to run a
Jupyter Notebook server. By the end of this lab, you will be able to write
code from a Jupyter Notebook in a browser on your laptop, then execute the
code on the Raspberry Pi.

1 Quick intro
A Raspberry Pi is a tiny, inexpensive computer that uses ARM processors, just like most
smart phones. The Linux-based operating system is installed on a micro SD card. We
have provided SD cards with a functioning operating system, as well as a full installation
of Python 3.5 and Jupyter Notebook. In this lab, we begin by using a USB-to-serial
converter to open a terminal window on your Pi. From that terminal, you will secure your
Pi with private passwords, connect it to WiFi, and establish an adhoc WiFi network.
Once this is complete, you will be able to connect to your Pi wirelessly and write Python
code from your own computer. In future labs, we will connect hardware to the Pi, but
this lab focuses on simply setting up and executing code. Let’s get started.

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Figure 1: Procedure for assembling Fe-pi sound extension and wiring CP2102 chip to
Raspberry Pi 3

2 USB-to-serial and sound extension connection

The first step of this lab is to assemble the sound extension to the Pi and establish
communication between your laptop and your Pi via a serial connection over the CP2102
USB dongle.

1. Start by downloading and installing the drivers for your appropriate OS from
https://www.silabs.com/products/development-tools/software/usb-to-uart-bridge-vcp-drivers.
∗ Mac users: Remember to allow installation of every part of the driver from System Preferences →
Security & Privacy .

2. Next, assemble the sound extension to the Pi and then use the provided jumper
cables to wire the CP2102 to your pi. Connect RXI to Pi pin 8, TXO to Pi pin
10, and GND to Pi pin 6. See figure 1. Note you may get a different CP2102 chip,
the TXO and RXI pins could be in reverse order as in the Figure. Make sure you
connect them in the specified order.

3. Plug in the CP2102 to your laptop’s USB-A port. Do not power up the Pi yet.

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3 Open a terminal on the Pi
Next, we will establish a terminal window on the Pi. This will allow you to modify the
settings of the Pi, including securing it with a private password. Do not forget your
system password! If you do, we will have to format your SD card and you will need to
repeat lab0.

1. Insert the micro SD card into the Pi

2. Use the provided wall-plug power supply to power the Pi with the micro USB port
on the Pi. The Pi will boot, indicated by the blinking green light.

3.1 Directions for Mac OS X

1. open Terminal (or your favorite terminal application)

2. Connect to the Pi by typing the command

screen /dev/cu.SLAB_USBtoUART 115200
If your Mac user name is longer than 24 characters, this will not work and you will need an alternate serial
app.

3. After entering the command, press extra return on your keyboard to proceed.
Otherwise, it will get stuck in a empty screen.

4. The user name is pi and the default password is EE123Rocks!

You should now be logged into the Pi. If you have to reboot, leave this window open
and it will automatically reconnect. If you close the window and try to connect again
with the same command, it may not work. In that case, try screen -r to reopen the
original session.

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3.2 Directions for Windows
We will use a free program called PuTTY to open a serial terminal to the Pi.

1. Download and install PuTTY from here, using default options: https://www.chiark.
greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/latest.html

2. Open the Device Manger (search ”Device Manager”)

3. Under Ports (Com & LPT), find the Silicon Labs device and note its number in
the form of COM# (COM3 in this example)

Figure 2: Device Manger

4. Launch PuTTY

5. Select ”Session” in the left panel, and select the ”serial” radio button on the right.

6. in ”Serial line” enter your COM number (COM3)

7. Enter 115200 in the ”Speed” box. Your window should look like Figure 3

8. Click ”Open”

9. Once the terminal window opens, press return once on your keyboard

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 Figure 3: PuTTY configuration

10. login with user name pi and password EE123Rocks!

11. If you were successful, you should see the command prompt.

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 Important: Always shutdown the pi using the command sudo shutdown -h now
**BEFORE** disconnecting the power. Failure to do so, may corrupt your file system.

4 File system expansion

Your terminal window on the Pi now should look like this: pi@raspberrypi:~$ . Before
moving further, we need to expand the file system first. Your SD card is compressed and
has no usable space. After we complete this step, you will have 30 GB to work with.

1. open the Raspbery Pi configuration window using sudo raspi-config 1

2. select ”Advanced Options”

3. select ”Expand Filesystem”. It will say ”Root System has been resized”

4. Press right arrow twice to select <finish>

5. when it asks if you want to reboot, say yes.

6. wait until your terminal window returns to the login screen, and enter user name
pi and password EE123Rocks!

Now you have a fully functional Pi! Let’s personalize and secure it in the next section.

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sudo is a command that gives you admin rights, and raspi-config is an interactive script for
personalizing your Pi.

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5 Passwords
In this section, you’ll set secure passwords for your Pi as well as the Jupyter Notebook
server running on the Pi.

5.1 System Password

First, you’ll reset the system password to something secure. This will keep people out
of your Pi when you put it on the network (you will do this later). The following is the
procedure for changing password:

1. Use command sudo raspi-config

2. Select option 1, Change User Password

3. Set a secure password that only you know.

Your system password is now set. Test it by rebooting and logging in with the same
username as before, but your new password. Do not forget this password! If you
do, your SD card will need to be reformatted!

5.2 Jupyter Notebook Password

This is also a very important step! You will need to set the password for your
Jupyter Notebook. Using a simple password, or giving your password will be equivalent
as giving full control of your Pi. Here is the procedure for changing the password of
Jupyter Notebook:

1. Use command jupyter notebook password .

2. Enter your new Notebook password.

3. Reboot the Pi with sudo reboot .

This is the password you will use to login to Jupyter Notebook from another computer.

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6 Setting up the network
You won’t be able to use nice features of Jupyter Notebook like plotting over the serial
connection, so in this section, you’ll be guided through various methods for wirelessly
networking with your Pi from another computer.

6.1 Connecting to WiFi

Connecting to most WPA-2 or unsecurred networks can be done easily via raspi-config .
First, you need to put the Pi in Wi-Fi mode. This is done using a script conveniently
provided by your amazing teaching staff. This will not work for Airbears2; see
section 6.2. In WiFi mode, you will be able to connect from your laptop to the Jupyter
Notebook server that is running on the Pi. Both the Pi and your laptop will still have
internet.

1. Reboot in Wi-Fi mode by typing sudo ~/wifi

2. After the Pi reboots, log back in

3. Launch raspi-config (don’t forget to use sudo )

4. Select Network Options → Wi-Fi . Type the SSID (name) of the network, then
its password, then exit raspi-config.

5. Test that your are online by pinging any website you want ping www.google.com

6.2 Connecting to Airbears2 (optional)

Figure 4: wpa_supplicant.conf shown in command-line window.

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 Connecting to Airbears2 is optional. However, if you choose to use it, it will
make it more simple to connect to the Pi and the internet while on campus. The process
is a bit more complicated and requires editing a file that stores your Wi-Fi network
information. This step is optional. Only proceed if you want to get your Pi online while
on Campus.
First, make sure your Pi is in Wi-Fi mode. Your Wi-Fi network info is stored in a
plain text file. The file provided already has a blank spot for Airbears2, and all you need
to do is edit the file. Do this by typing sudo nano /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf .
2 You’ll see a section that looks like Fig. 4. Replace the appropriate text, but do not re-

move the quotes! Exit by pressing ctrl-X . Enter Y when it asks Save modified buffer? ,
then hitting return .

6.3 Ad Hoc Network

According to Wikipedia, ad hoc network “is ad hoc because it does not rely on a pre-
existing infrastructure, such as routers in wired networks or access points in managed
(infrastructure) wireless networks.” This method will allow you to wirelessly connect a
laptop to your Pi without any other networking infrastructure. This is handy if you want
to do your DSP labs on your Pi away from your home network. Your kind teaching staff
have made this really easy! Note that the Pi will no longer have internet connectivity
in this mode. This method may not work for Windows users. If you have
problems, proceed to section 6.4 if you have issues.

1. Execute sudo ~/adhoc YourCustomSSID (but replace YourCustomSSID with some-

thing unique)

2. After the Pi reboots, open your laptop’s Wi-Fi and look for a network called
EE123YourCustomSSID.

6.4 Access Point (aka Managed) Mode

Using Access Point mode, your Pi will act like a router, enabling you to connect to it
as you would a normal WPA2-securred WiFi network. This is similar to Ad Hoc mode,
but is more secure and works with Windows. As with Ad Hoc, you will lose internet
connectivity on the Pi while in this mode.

1. Update the SSID and WPA PSK (password) by editing hostapd.conf:

sudo nano /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf

2. Change the SSID to something unique by editing the line

sid=EE123ChangeThisName

3. Set the password (to something secure!) by editing

wpa_passphrase=EE123Rocks!
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nano is a text editor. You may use vi if you want to

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4. Save the file (ctrl-X, Y, return)

5. Boot into managed mode using sudo ~/managed

6. After reboot, log in.

7. You should now see a WPA-2 securred WiFi network named whatever you named
it. Connect using your super secret password.

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7 Connecting to the Jupyter Notebook Server
Your Pi is already setup to automatically start a Jupyter Notebook Server when it boots.
In this section, you will see how to connect to this server from your laptop browser.

7.1 Ad Hoc/Managed Mode

With either Ad Hoc or Managed methods, you can connect to your Pi using a laptop
without needing a Wi-Fi network. This is the most robust way to connect, but you will
have no internet connectivity on both your laptop and Pi. Ad Hoc may not work
with Windows laptops. Use Managed mode if you have issues with Ad Hoc
To use Ad Hoc or Managed mode:

1. Make sure your Pi is booted into adhoc or managed mode (see 7.1 and 6.4. Connect
your laptop to the ad hoc network. Note: you will lose internet connectivity once
you’ve done this.

2. In a browser window on your laptop, type https://192.168.1.1:5555

3. Your browser will probably tell you this is an unsecure, terribly dangerous thing
to do. But you know better, so tell your browser you know what you’re doing and
proceed.

4. Enter the Jupyter password you set earlier into the prompt that looks like this:

You now have a Jupyter Notebook window on your laptop that can see code in the
directory ~/EE123 on the Pi. It is empty, but you can put any code you want here in
the future. N.B. at this point, you could remove the CP2102 and use ssh to connect to
the Pi by typing ssh [email protected] . We recommend that you create a folder for
each lab, so your notebook and files don’t get messy. In this case, create the directory
Lab0 with mkdir Lab0 under ~/EE123 .
Finally, on your laptop, download the Lab0 notebook file. For Mac, from a terminal
on your laptop, move it to the Pi by typing

scp [path_to_lab0] [email protected]:~/EE123/Lab0/

Alternatively, from a terminal connected to the pi, you can use the command
wget http://file.url to download the file using the commandline.

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 On Windows, PuTTY comes with a command line program called PSCP From a
command prompt (search “CMD” to start), the syntax is pscp source_file destination .
For example, to move a file from your PC to your Lab0 folder on the Pi in ad hoc mode,
type
pscp [PathToFile] [email protected]:/home/pi/EE123/Lab0
You may also be able to transfer using a USB thumb drive, but we have not tested this
so you’re on your own!

7.2 Wi-Fi Mode

With your Pi and your laptop on the same wireless network (this is important), go to the
command prompt on the pi. Type hostname -I to get the IP. Follow the instruction
in 7.1 to connect to the Jupyter Notebook, but replace 192.168.1.1 with your Pi’s IP
(you still need the :5555 at the end). You can also move files using scp or pscp , just
replace 192.168.1.1 with the Pi’s IP. Note: this may or may not work on Airbears2, but
it should work fine on your home Wi-Fi.
That’s it! You can now open lab0 and run your Python code as normal. When you
are finished with the lab, shutdown the PI by typing sudo shutdown -h now

Important: Always shutdown the pi using the command sudo shutdown -h now
**BEFORE** disconnecting the power. Failure to do so, may corrupt your file system.

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Collections of commands
• screen /dev/cu.SLAB_USBtoUART 115200 : connect to the pi through CP2102
from your laptop

• screen -r : resume previously created screen session

• sudo raspi-config : open Pi configuration window

• jupyter notebook password : change password for Jupyter Notebook server

• sudo nano [path_of_file] : edit the file with nano

• sudo ~/wifi : switch the Pi to Wi-Fi mode

• sudo ~/adhoc YourSSID : switch the Pi to Ad-Hoc mode with SSID of EE123YourSSID

• sudo ~/managed : switch the Pi to Managed mode

• hostname -I : request IP address of Pi

• scp [path_of_file] pi@IP_ADDRESS_OF_PI:~/EE123/LabX/ : copy file to Pi’s

~/EE123/LabX/ folder

• sudo reboot & sudo shutdown -r now : reboot the Pi

• sudo shutdown -h now : shutdown the Pi

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