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    Exploring The Functions of Routing: LAN Connections

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    Exploring The Functions of Routing: LAN Connections

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    amapreet.scorpio
    19 views12 pages

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    ICND110S04L01

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    19 views12 pages

    Exploring The Functions of Routing: LAN Connections

    Uploaded by

    amapreet.scorpio

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPS, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pps, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    Exploring the

    Functions of
    Routing

    LAN Connections

    © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-1


    Cisco 2800 Series
    Routers Router

     Routers have the following components:


    – CPU
    – Motherboard
    – RAM
    – ROM
     Routers have network adapters to which IP addresses are assigned.
     Routers may have the following two kinds of ports:
    – Console: For the attachment of a terminal used for management
    – Network: Different LAN or WAN media ports
     Routers forward packets based upon a routing table.

    © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-2


    Router Functions

    RouterX# show ip route


    D 192.168.1.0/24 [90/25789217] via 10.1.1.1
    1 R 192.168.2.0/24 [120/4] via 10.1.1.2 2
    O 192.168.3.0/24 [110/229840] via 10.1.1.3

    1. Lets other routers know about changes


    2. Determines where to forward packets

    © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-3


    Path Determination

    © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-4


    Routing Tables

    © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-5


    Routing Table Entries

     Directly connected: Router attaches to this network


     Static routing: Entered manually by a system administrator
     Dynamic routing: Learned by exchange of routing information
     Default route: Statically or dynamically learned; used when no
    explicit route to network is known

    © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-6


    Routing Metrics

    © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-7


    Distance Vector Routing Protocols

    Passes periodic copies of routing table to neighbor routes and


    accumulates distance vectors

    © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-8


    Link-State Routing Protocols

    After initial flood, passes small event-triggered link-state updates to all


    other routers
    © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-9
    Summary
     Routers have certain components that are also found in
    computers and switches, such as the CPU, motherboard, RAM,
    and ROM.
     Routers have two primary functions in the IP packet delivery
    process: maintaining routing tables and determining the best path
    to be used to forward packets.
     Routers determine the optimal path for forwarding IP packets
    between networks. Routers can use different types of routes to
    reach the destination networks, including static, dynamic, and
    default routes.
     Routing tables provide an ordered list of best paths to known
    networks, and include information such as destination, next-hop
    associations, and routing metrics.
     Routing algorithms process the received updates and populate
    the routing table with the best route.
    © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-10
    Summary (Cont.)

     Commonly used routing metrics include bandwidth, delay, hop count,


    and cost.
     Distance vector routing protocols build and update routing tables
    automatically by sending all or some portion of their routing table to
    neighbors. The distance vector routing approach determines the
    direction (vector) and distance to any network in the internetwork.
     Link-state routing protocols build and update routing tables
    automatically, running algorithms against the link-state database to
    determine the best paths, and flood routing information about their own
    links to all the routers in the network.
     Cisco developed EIGRP, which combines the best features of the
    distance vector and link-state routing protocols.

    © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-11


    © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.0—4-12

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