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    Endoscopy: BY Sathishkumar G

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    Aditya Jaya
    Endoscopy is a nonsurgical procedure that uses a flexible tube with a light and camera, called an endoscope, to examine the digestive tract. The endoscope transmits images of the inside of organs to a monitor using fiber optic cables. Endoscopes can be inserted directly into organs through body openings or small incisions to allow doctors to view the inside of organs and pass instruments through a channel in the endoscope. Recent advances in endoscopy include capsule endoscopy, which is swallowed to examine the small intestine, and virtual and augmented reality applications.

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    Endoscopy: BY Sathishkumar G

    Uploaded by

    Aditya Jaya
    83 views18 pages
    Endoscopy is a nonsurgical procedure that uses a flexible tube with a light and camera, called an endoscope, to examine the digestive tract. The endoscope transmits images of the inside of organs to a monitor using fiber optic cables. Endoscopes can be inserted directly into organs through body openings or small incisions to allow doctors to view the inside of organs and pass instruments through a channel in the endoscope. Recent advances in endoscopy include capsule endoscopy, which is swallowed to examine the small intestine, and virtual and augmented reality applications.

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    Endoscopy is a nonsurgical procedure that uses a flexible tube with a light and camera, called an endoscope, to examine the digestive tract. The endoscope transmits images of the inside of organs to a monitor using fiber optic cables. Endoscopes can be inserted directly into organs through body openings or small incisions to allow doctors to view the inside of organs and pass instruments through a channel in the endoscope. Recent advances in endoscopy include capsule endoscopy, which is swallowed to examine the small intestine, and virtual and augmented reality applications.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    83 views18 pages

    Endoscopy: BY Sathishkumar G

    Uploaded by

    Aditya Jaya
    Endoscopy is a nonsurgical procedure that uses a flexible tube with a light and camera, called an endoscope, to examine the digestive tract. The endoscope transmits images of the inside of organs to a monitor using fiber optic cables. Endoscopes can be inserted directly into organs through body openings or small incisions to allow doctors to view the inside of organs and pass instruments through a channel in the endoscope. Recent advances in endoscopy include capsule endoscopy, which is swallowed to examine the small intestine, and virtual and augmented reality applications.

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    of 18

    ENDOSCOPY

    BY
    SATHISHKUMAR G
    ([email protected])
    ENDOSCOPY
    Endoscopy is a nonsurgical procedure used to examine a
    person's digestive tract.
    Using an endoscope, a flexible tube with a light and
    camera attached to it, your doctor can view pictures
    of your digestive tract on a color TV monitor.
    Unlike many other medical imaging technique,
    endoscopes are inserted directly into the organ.
    PRINCIPLE

    Fibre-optic endoscopes use bundles of thin glass fibres to


    transmit light to and from the organ being viewed. These
    fibres use the principle of total internal reflection to transmit
    almost 100 % of the light entering one end to the other end.
    CONSTRUCTION

    An endoscope can consist of:


    a rigid or flexible tube.
    a light delivery system to illuminate the organ or object
    under inspection. The light source is normally outside the
    body and the light is typically directed via an optical fiber
    system.
    a lens system transmitting the image from the objective lens
    to the viewer, typically a relay lens system in the case of
    rigid endoscopes or a bundle of fiber optics in the case of a
    fiberscope.
    an eyepiece. Modern instruments may be video scopes, with
    no eyepiece. A camera transmits image to a screen for image
    capture.
    an additional channel to allow entry of medical instruments
    or manipulators.
    ENDOSCOPIC PROCESS

    • The endoscope also has a channel through which


    surgeons can manipulate tiny instruments, such as
    forceps, surgical scissors, and suction devices.

    • A variety of instruments can be fitted to the endoscope


    for different purposes.

    • A surgeon introduces the endoscope into the body


    either through a body opening, such as the mouth or
    the anus, or through a small incision in the skin.
    CROSS SECTION VIEW
    SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
    FUNCTIONS

    View internal body parts using lighting system, camera/video

    and use of medical instruments to remove unwanted

    cancers.

    Enters through opening in body

    Lasts 15 to 60 minutes.
    LIMITATIONS
    Compared with other parts of the digestive tract, the
    small intestine is difficult for doctors to access. While a
    camera-tipped tube slipped down the throat can get
    images of the stomach and a tube inserted at the other
    end of the tract reveals the large intestine, no such
    device reaches into most of the small intestine. So,
    doctors rely on externally generated images
    RISKS
    The main risks are infection, over-sedation, perforation,
    or a tear of the stomach or esophagus lining and
    bleeding. Although perforation generally requires
    surgery, certain cases may be treated with antibiotics
    and intravenous fluids.
    Occasionally, the site of the sedative injection may
    become inflamed and tender for a short time. This is
    usually not serious and warm compresses for a few
    days are usually helpful.
    MEDICAL USES
    Investigation of symptoms
    -nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, difficulty
    swallowing and gastrointestinal bleeding
    Conformation of diagnosis
    -anemia, bleeding, inflammation and cancer of
    the digestive system
    Giving treatment
    RECENT TRENDS
    Endoscopy VR simulators
    Disposable endoscopy
    Capsule endoscopy
    Augmented reality
    TYPES OF ENDOSCOPY

    • GASTROSCOPY
    • COLONOSCOPY
    • LAPAROSCOPY
    • PROCTOSCOPY
    • CYSTOSCOPY
    • BRONCHOSCOPY
    • LARYNGOSCOPY
    • NASOPHARYNGOSCOPY
    FUTURE
    Video capsule endoscopy
    Suspected blood indicator and quick view
    Virtual chromo endoscopy
    3D reconstruction software
    Remote manipulation
    CONCLUSION
    Endoscopy made the minimal blood loss surgery with
    increased rate of healing and with less pain.
    Endoscopy done because of patient expectations and the
    gastroenterologist desire to provide the requested
    service.
    The thoracic surgery to remove a tumour located in the
    thoracic cavity and able to thoroughly remove it by
    using an endoscopy.
    Thank you

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