CBTC – Communication Based

Train Control

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 Introduction

 Communication Based Train Control is an automated

control system that ensures safe operation of rail
vehicles using data communication between control
entities.
 CBTC is based on basic principles from
telecommunication and automation
 There are different levels of automation:
 Automatic Train Protection (ATP)
 Automatic Train Operation (ATO)
 Automatic Train Supervision (ATS)

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 THALES CBTC

 Characteristic of THALES CBTC :

 Standard network and radio based communication
system based on the Internet Protocol (IP) Standard.
 Remote train monitoring in real time
 Constant high-speed connectivity between train and
trackside
 Centralized network management
 A flexible network architecture

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 THALES CBTC Functional Components

 Detection of train location, speed and direction

 Transponder tags, tachometer,
 Accelerometer,
 Switch/route info
 Route and switch interlocking
 Safe train separation using Progressive Movement
Authority
 Work Zone protection
 Train handover between neighboring Zone Controller
 Emergency Stop Device response

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 CBTC Digital Communication Network (DCS)

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 CBTC communication subsystem
CENTRAL EQUIPMENT

External
STATION Connection
EQUIPMENT

WAYSIDE
EQUIPMENT

Wired Network (backbone)

Wireless network (wayside) COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK

On-board (vehicle) network

' OBE OBE

ON-BOARD EQUIPMENT

CENTRAL EQUIPMENT

External
STATION Connection
EQUIPMENT y
ox
Pr

LAN WAYSIDE
LAN EQUIPMENT
SD SD

LAN LAN
SD

SD

COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK

MOBILE NETWORK
SD SD

' LAN OBE OBE LAN

ON-BOARD EQUIPMENT

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 Wired communication subsystem (backbone)

 The wired portion of the CBTC consists of a backbone network

that provides IP network services between the central or
wayside equipment
 It consists of one or more 100/1000 Mbps fibre optic Ethernet
rings allowing exclusive full duplex use of a 100/1000 Mbps
channel to each connected node. The network uses layer 2
switches to provide flat connectivity to all the application
equipment. It could also use layer 3 routers (or routing
functionality in multi-purpose switches) to provide traffic
protection and in some cases additional security
CENTRAL WAYSIDE
APPLICATION APPLICATION

BACKBONE SWITCHES

BACKBONE NETWORK

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 Wireless communication (wayside network)

The wayside network utilizes the backbone switches to

connect the WRU’s (Wayside Radio Unit) to the overall network
Groups of WRUs are connected in a ring topology. Each end
of the ring has a bridge connection to a different backbone
switch. This configuration requires a managed switch (that
provides ring reconfiguring following a switch failure). If a single
WRU or a single switch fails all the unaffected WRUs remain
connected.

SD SD
' OBE

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 On-board communication subsystem (vehicle)

Each onboard network device is a modular component, with

two (2) IEEE 802.3 interfaces, as well as one CAN bus interface.
CAN bus is provided for data transfer through the couplers. It
requires only a single twisted pair wire and can operate in poorer
transmission environments than Ethernet.

IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.11

RF RF
MRU ND ND ND ND MRU

IEEE 802.3 VOBC

CAN 2 x twisted pair copper 2 x twisted pair copper CAN

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 Physical component of communication system

 Mobile Radio Unit (MRU, OBRU, DCU)

“Station Adapter (SA)”
 Wayside Radio Unit (WRU)
“Access Point (AP)”

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 CBTC Automation Control Subsystems

 Central control subsystem (System Regulation Servers -SRS):

 Man – Machine interface
Overview of tracks and train positions and status
 Headway and schedule regulation
 Automatic and Manual Train Routing and scheduling

 Wayside control subsystem (Zone Controller - ZC):

 Zone Controller on the trackside is the recipient for all position messages sent from the trains
within its region of control and the status of the obstructions such as axle counter blocks, signals,
switches, floodgates, guideway intruder detection.
The ZC is responsible for route setting based on the commands received from the Central control
subsystem. It supports fully bidirectional operation.

 On-board vehicle control subsystem (Vehicle On-Board Controller – VOBC):

The vital component of the system is a Vehicle On-board Controller (VOBC) on the train
The Vehicle On-board Controller establishes the position of the train on the guideway by detecting
transponders located in the track bed, and uses the transponder data to extract information from the
database
The database on the Vehicle On-board Controller contains all relevant guideway information,
including station stops, gradients, civil speed limits, switch locations, axle counter blocks locations
and trackside signal locations.

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 Overview of all CBTC Control Subsystems

OCC Mimic Display Backup OCC Mimic Display Training Centre

Line Controller Line Controller Data Network Line Controller Line Controller Data Network
Line Controller Workstation Workstation Network Recorder/ Monitoring Line Controller Workstation Workstation Network Recorder/ Monitoring
Workstation Printer Viewer System Workstation Printer Viewer System

VOBC & ZC
Simulator ATS Workstation 2
Terminal Terminal
Server Server

Network Network
Printer Printer Backup ATS
ATS Certification Servers Certification
Server s Timetable Authority Timetable Authority
Compiler Network Compiler Network
Printer Printer Environment
ATS Schedule External Devices ATS Schedule External Devices Simulator
ATS Display Workstation ATS Display Workstation ATS Workstation 1
Workstation Workstation Network
Printer

Router Router
(Firewall) (Firewall)

DCS DCS DCS

DCS Backbone

Depot Interlocking Station

Test Track
DCS DCS DCS
DCS
Zone Interring DCS
ACE
Controller ACE

Zone
Controller

Non-Interlocking Station
Router Data Recorder
ATS (Firewall)
Server Data ATS
Logger Data
Recorder Workstation
AP AP
Depot Relay Rack
Relay Rack Interlocking Crew Wireless LAN IEEE 802.11
Interring DCS equipment Protection
Switches

CTF CTF
CTF 30 C20 Existing Trains
54 C30 New Trains
Cab A Cab B
Switch
PSDs Crew Sw DIs GIDS/PIDS Signals PSDs Crew Sw DIs GIDS/PIDS
Switch PSD Crew Transponders Machines
Signals Depot I/L
Machines Sim Sw
2oo3
Proximity VOBC
Trackside Equipment Axle Counters APs Plates

Maintenance Centre
Interring DCS
DCS
Trackside Equipment
Wayside ATS Maintenance Depot
Network ATS Fault Report
Maintenance
SLMD Workstation
Printer Workstation Workstation
IPS Server
Legend: Transponders Proximity Plate s

Provisioned for Future Upgrade

VOBC
SLMD

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 CBTC Man Machine Interface capabilities

 Central control Man Machine

interface. Line overview

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 CBTC Man Machine Interface capabilities

 CBTC MMI operations “menu”

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 CBTC Man Machine Interface capabilities

 Assigning a Train

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 CBTC Man Machine Interface capabilities

Schedule definition, assignment and adjustment

Predefine different schedule for weekday, weekend, holiday, etc.
Predefine distribution of trains between buildups and reductions
throughout the day
Assign / clear predefined schedule for System Regulation Server
to implement
Apply automatic or manual global schedule slide

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 THALES CBTC implementation
THALES CBTC implementation worldwide:
 Canada
Toronto Scarborough LRT and Subway

Vancouver Canada-Line

Vancouver SkyTrain

 Korea
Busan-Gimhae Line

Seoul Sin Bundang Line

 Malaysia/Asia
Kuala Lumpur LRT II

Beijing Line 4

Guangzhou Line 3

MTR Disneyland Resort, Hong Kong

MTR Ma On Shan Rail , Hong Kong

Wuhan LRT

 United Arab Emirates

Dubai Metro: Green Line

 United Kingdom / Europe

London Dockland

London Underground: Jubilee Line

Paris Line 13

 USA
AirTrain JFK
Detroit DPM
Las Vegas Monorail

NYC Flushing Line

Washington Dulles Airport

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 Questions / Answers

Q & A

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