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11.6 Properties of Chords

Goal In Lessons 11.3 and 11.5, you saw how to find the measure of an angle
Use properties of chords in formed by chords that intersect at the center of a circle or on a circle.
a circle. The Geo-Activity below explores the angles formed by chords that
intersect inside a circle.
Key Words
chord p. 589
Geo-Activity Properties of Angles Formed By Chords

1 Draw a circle with two central &* and BD
2 Draw chords AC &*.
angles measuring 708 and 308. Label the intersection E, as
Label as shown. shown. Find maAEB.

B B

A A
70
E
X X C
30 C
D D

3 Compare your angle measures with those of other students.
What do you notice?

4 Repeat Steps 1 and 2 for different central angles.

5 What can you say about an angle formed by intersecting chords?

The result demonstrated by the Geo-Activity is summarized in the

theorem below.

THEOREM 11.10
Words If two chords intersect inside a circle, then
the measure of each angle formed is one half
the sum of the measures of the arcs A
intercepted by the angle and its vertical angle.

1 1 B
Symbols s 1 mAB
ma1 5 }} (mCD r ), 2
2
1
s 1 mAD
ma2 5 }} (mBC s) D
2 C

620 Chapter 11 Circles

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EXAMPLE 1 Find the Measure of an Angle

Find the value of x. 1068
P
T S
P x8 R

Solution 1748
1
r 1 mRQ
x8 5 }}(mPS r) Use Theorem 11.10.
2
1
x8 5 }}(1068 1 1748) r and 1748 for mRQ
Substitute 1068 for mPS r.
2
1
x 5 }}(280) Add.
2
x 5 140 Multiply.

IStudent Help EXAMPLE 2 Find the Measure of an Arc

ICLASSZONE.COM
Find the value of x. x8
MORE EXAMPLES A
B
More examples at
classzone.com 808
E
D
C 608
Solution
1
r 1 mCD
808 5 }}(mAB s) Use Theorem 11.10.
2
1
808 5 }}(x8 1 608) r and 608 for mCD
Substitute x8 for mAB s.
2
1
80 5 }}x 1 30 Use the distributive property.
2
1
50 5 }}x Subtract 30 from each side.
2
100 5 x Multiply each side by 2.

Find the Measure of an Angle and an Arc

Find the value of x.

1. 1908 2. B 3. C
668 B
x8 x8 728
A A C 998
A
x8 B 708 D
D C D
708

11.6 Properties of Chords 621

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Intersecting Chords When two chords intersect in a circle, four

segments are formed. The following theorem shows the relationship
among these segments.

THEOREM 11.11
Words If two chords intersect inside a circle, then B
the product of the lengths of the segments
of one chord is equal to the product of the
C
lengths of the segments of the other chord. E D
Symbols EA p EB 5 EC p ED A

EXAMPLE 3 Find Segment Lengths

Find the value of x. S
9 3
P P
R x
6

T
Solution
&* and QP
Notice that ST &* are chords that intersect at R.

RS p RT 5 RQ p RP Use Theorem 11.11.

3p659px Substitute 3 for RS, 6 for RT, 9 for RQ, and x for RP.
18 5 9x Simplify.
25x Divide each side by 9.

Find Segment Lengths

Find the value of x.

4. 5. A 6. R
K D
N x 6 B x 6 x S
12 8
P 6 L 6 V
12 9 C 4
U T
M E

7. F 8. D 9. K L
E x C 16 12
5 5
4 H G N
10 G 5 24
8 x M
x E
J
J
F

622 Chapter 11 Circles

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11.6 Exercises
Guided Practice
Vocabulary Check 1. In the diagram, name the points
inside the circle. A
E
C
B D

Skill Check Find the measure of a1.

2. A 3. B 4. 1108
928 888 C
558 B 1
B
D 1 A C A
1 D
658
888 928
C 1688
D

Find the value of x.

5. A 6. B 7. B x C
D 10
x 2 14 A 18 15 D
6 4 A 7
B C x C
8
D

Practice and Applications

Extra Practice Matching Match each angle with the correct expression
See p. 696. you can use to find its measure.
1
8. ma1 r 1 mDE
A. }}(mBF s) C
2
B D
1 1
9. ma2 r 1 mCE
B. }}(mAB s) 2
2 3
4
1
10. ma3 r 1mBC
C. }}(mAE s)
2 E
1 A
11. ma4 s 1 mFE
D. }}(mBD r) F
2

Finding Angle Measures Find the value of x.

12. A B 13. 14. 1308
A
Homework Help 1348
B C
x8 258 x8
Example 1: Exs. 814 A x8 B
Example 2: Exs. 1518, 758 D
1628
Example 3: Exs. 1926 C D
D 968 C

11.6 Properties of Chords 623

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Finding Arc Measures Find the value of x.

15. C 16. A 708 17. A
B
B B
x8 558 898 598
A x8 1298 728
D
C
D x8 C
D

18. You be the Judge A student claims if two chords intersect

and the measure of each angle formed is the same as the measure
of the arc intercepted by the angle, then each angle must be a
central angle. Is he correct? Explain.

19. Animation Design You are designing an animated logo for a Web site.
You want sparkles to leave point C and reach the circle at the same
time. To find out how far each sparkle moves between frames, you
need to know the distances from C to the circle. Three distances are
shown below. Find CN.

15 10 15 10 15 10
C 12 C 12 C 12

N Frame 1 N Frame 2 N Frame 3

Chords in a Circle Find the value of x.

20. B 21. 22. C
12 C B 5
D 10
9 x C 8 x
A x
A 14 D
15
B 4 6
A
D

23. B 24. 1288 25. A B

B
A 908
328 1228 1508 x8
A
D x8 x8
C C
C
D D
1008

26. Technology Use geometry drawing software.

1 Draw a circle and label points
A, B, C, and D as shown. A
C
E
^&*( and CD
2 Draw lines AB ^&*(. Label the point
of intersection E. D

B

3 Measure EA, EB, EC, and ED. Then
calculate EA p EB and EC p ED.
What do you notice? What theorem does this demonstrate?
624 Chapter 11 Circles
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Standardized Test 27. Multi-Step Problem In the diagram, AC 5 12, CD 5 3, and

Practice EC 5 9.
a. Find BC. 1008
A
b. What is the measure of aACB? B
368
r?
c. What is the measure of AE C
D
d. Is T ACB similar to T ECD? Explain
your reasoning. 808
E

Mixed Review Finding Side Lengths Find the unknown side length. Round your
answer to the nearest tenth if necessary. (Lesson 4.4)
28. 10 29. 30. a
3 c
16 3
14
b
30

Algebra Skills Absolute Values Evaluate. (Skills Review, p. 662)

31. 23 32. 1 33. 219 34. 50

35. 2.7 36. 28 37. 210.01 38. 2100

Quiz 2
Find the value of x in (C. (Lesson 11.4)
1. 2. A 3. A
A B 3x 2 1
(x 1 63)8
C C C
x E B
E B
2x 2 5 x15 D
E D D (3x 1 1)8

Find the value of each variable. Explain your reasoning. (Lesson 11.5)
4. 5. B 6. A B
A
C 988 x8
x8
B 518 x8 588
418 y8 D 1058
D y8
C A C

Find the value of x. (Lesson 11.6)

7. 808 8. A 9. A
A B D B
7 x
x8 D 14
1078 x8 12
1358 C
D
448 C C
B

11.6 Properties of Chords 625