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    Engineering Mechanics: Dr. T.Meena, Associate Professor, Structural and Geotechnical Division, SMBS, Vit, Vellore

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    Siva Chandhiran
    This document provides an overview of engineering mechanics taught by Dr. T. Meena. It defines key concepts in mechanics including matter, mass, volume, states of rest and motion. It also covers scalar and vector quantities, displacement and distance, speed and velocity, uniform and non-uniform motion. Further concepts discussed include acceleration, momentum, Newton's laws of motion, branches of mechanics, rigid bodies and particles, assumptions in engineering mechanics, systems of forces, resolution of forces, resultants, moments of forces, and sign conventions.

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    Engineering Mechanics: Dr. T.Meena, Associate Professor, Structural and Geotechnical Division, SMBS, Vit, Vellore

    Uploaded by

    Siva Chandhiran
    48 views36 pages
    This document provides an overview of engineering mechanics taught by Dr. T. Meena. It defines key concepts in mechanics including matter, mass, volume, states of rest and motion. It also covers scalar and vector quantities, displacement and distance, speed and velocity, uniform and non-uniform motion. Further concepts discussed include acceleration, momentum, Newton's laws of motion, branches of mechanics, rigid bodies and particles, assumptions in engineering mechanics, systems of forces, resolution of forces, resultants, moments of forces, and sign conventions.

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    pdf about engineering mechanics

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    FALLSEM2015-16_CP0305_09-Jul-2015_RM01_Presentation-1-ON-09-07-15

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    This document provides an overview of engineering mechanics taught by Dr. T. Meena. It defines key concepts in mechanics including matter, mass, volume, states of rest and motion. It also covers scalar and vector quantities, displacement and distance, speed and velocity, uniform and non-uniform motion. Further concepts discussed include acceleration, momentum, Newton's laws of motion, branches of mechanics, rigid bodies and particles, assumptions in engineering mechanics, systems of forces, resolution of forces, resultants, moments of forces, and sign conventions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    48 views36 pages

    Engineering Mechanics: Dr. T.Meena, Associate Professor, Structural and Geotechnical Division, SMBS, Vit, Vellore

    Uploaded by

    Siva Chandhiran
    This document provides an overview of engineering mechanics taught by Dr. T. Meena. It defines key concepts in mechanics including matter, mass, volume, states of rest and motion. It also covers scalar and vector quantities, displacement and distance, speed and velocity, uniform and non-uniform motion. Further concepts discussed include acceleration, momentum, Newton's laws of motion, branches of mechanics, rigid bodies and particles, assumptions in engineering mechanics, systems of forces, resolution of forces, resultants, moments of forces, and sign conventions.

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    of 36

    ENGINEERING MECHANICS

    DR. T.MEENA,
    ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR,
    STRUCTURAL AND GEOTECHNICAL DIVISION,
    SMBS, VIT, VELLORE

    ENGINEERING MECHANICS
    MECHANICS

    Its a branch of science, which deals with the action


    of forces on bodies at rest or in motion.
    ENGINEERING MECHANICS

    It deals with the principles of mechanics as applied


    to the problems in engineering.

    BASIC CONCEPTS
    Matter:Anything which has mass and requires space to
    occupy is called matter.
    Mass: It is a measure of quality of matter contained by
    the body.
    SI unit: Kg.
    Volume:
    It is a measure of space occupied by the body.
    Unit: m3
    Note: Litre Unit of volume
    1000 liters = 1 m3
    TMS Thousand million cubic feet.
    109 ft3 = 10009 ft x 10000 ft x 1000 ft

    State of rest and motion:

    State of rest and state of motion are relative and


    depend on the frame of reference. A body is said to
    be in a state of rest w.r.t. a frame of reference if the
    position of the body w.r.t. that frame of reference is
    not changing with time. A body is laid to be in a state
    of motion w.r.t. a frame of reference if the position of
    the body w.r.t. that frame of reference is changing
    with time.

    Scalar and Vector Quantities:

    Quantities which require only magnitude to


    represent them are called scalar quantities.
    Eg: Mass, Time interval.
    Quantitites which require both magnitude and
    direction to represent them are called
    vector quantities.
    Eg: Force, Velocity, etc.

    Displacement and distance travelled:

    The total linear movement made by a body to change its


    position from one point to another is called distance
    travelled by the body. It is a scalar quantity.
    Unit: Meter (m)
    mm Millimeter 10-3m
    km Kilo Meter 103m
    The total linear movement made by a
    body to change its position from one
    point to another moving along a particular
    direction is called displacement.
    Displacement is a vector quantity.
    Unit: Meter (m).

    Speed and Velocity:


    The distance travelled in a unit time is speed.
    Unit: m/s ms-1
    The displacement in unit time is called velocity.
    Unit: m/s ms-1

    Uniform motion and non-uniform motion:


    If the velocity of the moving body remains constant then

    the motion is said to be uniform.


    If the velocity is changing with time, the motion is laid to
    be non-uniform.

    Acceleration and retardation:


    The time rate of change of velocity is called acceleration.
    If the velocity is increasing with time then acceleration is

    positive. If the velocity is decreasing with time then


    acceleration is negative. Negative acceleration is called
    retardation or deceleration.
    Unit: m/s2 ms-2

    Momentum
    It is the capacity of a moving body to impart motion

    to other bodies.
    Momentum of a moving body is given by the product
    of mass and velocity of the moving body.
    Momentum = Mass X Velocity
    Unit: kg m/s or kg ms-1.

    Newtons I Law of Motion


    The rate of change of moment of a body is directly

    proportional to the magnitude of the force applied


    and takes place in the direction of the force applied.

    Explanation
    Initial momentum = mu
    Final momentum = mv
    Change in momentum over a time interval t
    t = mv mu
    Rate of change of momentum = (mv mu) / t
    According to Newtons II law,

    F = ma

    F = K ma
    In SI, unit force is defined as that force which acts on a body of
    unit mass producing
    unit acceleration.
    i.e., F = 1 when m = 1 and a = 1
    then 1 = k . 1 . 1
    \k=1
    F = ma
    Unit of force: newton (N) is the unit of force. One newton is that
    force which acts on
    a body of mass 1 kg producing an acceleration of 1 m/s2.

    Newtons III law of motion

    For every action there is equal and

    opposite reaction.

    Branches of Mechanics

    Branches of Mechanics
    Statics: Statics deals with the action of forces on

    bodies at rest or in equilibrium.


    Dynamics: Dynamics deals with the action of
    forces on bodies in motion.
    Kinematics: It deals with the study of geometry of
    motion without considering the
    cause of motion.
    Kinetics: Kinetics deals with a study of motion
    considering the course of motion.

    Rigid body and Particle

    Rigid body:
    The concept of rigid body is purely theoretical or imaginary. A
    rigid body is said to undergo, no deformation under the action
    of any external agency such as force and moments.
    In other words relative positions of the modules of a rigid
    body are fixed in space.
    Particle:
    Concept of particle is purely theoretical or imaginary. A
    particle is said to have mass but requires no space to occupy.
    In other words, a particle is a point mass.
    The concept of particle cannot be used if the shape and size of
    the body is influencing the motion.
    Eg: i) Motion of a swimmer.
    ii) Motion of a body along a curved path.

    Continuum:
    The concept of continuum is purely theoretical or
    imaginary.
    Continuum is said to be made up of infinite number of
    molecules packed in such a way that, there is no gap
    between the molecules so that property functions remain
    same at all the points.
    Point force:
    The concept of point force in purely theoretical or
    imaginary, here the force is assumed to be acting at a
    point or over infinity small area.

    Principle physical independence of forces:

    Action of forces on bodies are independent, in other words the


    action of forces on a body is not influenced by the action of any
    other force on the body.

    Principle of superposition of forces

    The point of application of a force on a rigid body can be

    changed along the same line of action maintaining the


    same magnitude and direction without affecting the
    effect of the force on the body.

    Limitation of principle of transmissibility

    Principle of transmissibility can be used

    only for rigid bodies and cannot be used


    for deformable bodies.

    Assumptions made in Engineering Mechanics


    i) All bodies are rigid.
    ii) Particle concept can be used wherever applicable.
    iii) Principle of physical independence of forces is

    valid.
    iv) Principle of superposition of forces is valid.
    v) Principle of transmissibility of forces is valid.

    SYSTEM OF FORCES
    A group or set of forces is called system of forces.

    1. Coplanar force system:

    If the lines of action of forces forming the system lie

    in the same plane, then the system is said to be


    coplanar.

    2. Non-coplanar forces:

    If the lines of action of forces forming the system do not lie in


    the same plane then the system is said to be non-coplanar.

    3. Collinear force system:

    If the forces forming the system have common line of


    action then the system is said to be collinear.

    4. Concurrent force system:

    If the line of action of forces forming the system pass


    through a common point (point of concurrence) then the
    system is said to be concurrent.

    5. Non-concurrent force system:

    If the lines of action of forces forming the system do


    not pass through a common point, then the system is
    said to be non-concurrent.

    6. Parallel force system:

    It is a particular case of non-concurrent force system


    in which the line of action of forces forming the
    system are parallel.

    RESOLUTION OF A FORCE

    RESOLUTION OF A FORCE
    The force F is producing, simultaneous x displacement and

    y-displacement.
    The part of the force F which is producing x displacement
    is called x component or horizontal component of the
    force F (Fx). The part of the force F which produces y
    displacement is called y component of the force or vertical
    component of force F (Fy).
    The technique of finding a component of a force along any
    direction is called resolution of force.
    The component of a force along any direction is called the
    resolved component.
    The components of a force determined along two mutually
    perpendicular
    direction
    are
    called
    rectangular
    components.

    To resolve a force along any direction

    OA represents the force F both in magnitude and direction q


    is the acute angle mode by the force w.r.t. x direction.
    X component of a force is given by the product of magnitude of the force
    and cosine of acute angle made by the force w.r.t. x-direction.
    Y component of a force is given by the product of magnitude of the force
    and sine of acute angle made by the force w.r.t. x-direction.

    FX = F Cos

    FY = F Sin

    1. Sign convention for the direction of components.

    RESULTANT FORCE OF A SYSTEM OF FORCES

    The resultant of a system of forces is a single calculated force


    which is capable of producing the same effect as that of
    system of forces on the body. It is the vector sum of forces of
    the system.

    COMPOSITION OF FORCES

    The technique of finding the resultant of

    forces is called composition of forces.

    MOMENT OF A FORCE
    It is the capacity of a force to produce rotator motion. In

    other words moment of a force is its rotating capacity.

    Based on the direction of rotation produced moment of a force can be


    classified into
    a) Clockwise moment
    b) Anticlockwise moment / counter clockwise moment.

    Calculation of Moment of a Force about a Point


    Moment of a force about any point is given by the product of

    magnitude of force and perpendicular distance between the


    line of action of a force and the point.

    Sign Convention for Moment of a Force

    Clockwise moment positive and anticlockwise moment


    negative. bout which moment is considered.

    THE END

    Thank you

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