The CIA World Report: UFO

CIA 월드리포트

美 중앙정보국CIA | 매사추세츠 공대MIT | 공군USAF의 합작 프로젝트

UFO

美 중앙정보국CIA 지음 | 유지훈 옮김

투나미스

차례

프롤로그

1부 CIA 월드리포트: UFO

비행접시는 어떻게 연구하는가?

CIA, UFO를 연구하다(1947~1990)

2부 극비문서 원본 대역

스컬리 파일

파일 S1

파일 S2

파일 S3

파일 S4

파일 S5

멀더 파일

파일 M1

파일 M2

파일 M3

파일 M4

파일 M5

CONTENTS

prologue

How To Investigate a Flying Saucer

Part 1

CIA WORLD REPORT: UFO

The Investigation of UFO's 

CIA's Role in the Study of UFOs, 1947-90

Part2

UNCLASSIFIED DOCUMENTS

SCULLY FILE 

S1 

S2 

S3 

S4 

S5

MULDER FILE 

M1 

M2 

M3 

M4

M5

prologue

How To Investigate a Flying Saucer

Southbound on a lone desert highway, police officer Lonnie Zamora was in pursuit of a speeding car outside the town of Socorro, New Mexico, when he was startled by a loud roar! Seconds later, he saw a large flame rise from the ground and pierce the sky above a remote patch of desert southwest of the highway. Fearing a nearby dynamite shack might have exploded, Zamora let the speeding car go, turned right, and drove down a bumpy gravel road that ran alongside the shack. Zamora’s cruiser clunked along the rocky road until he came upon a steep hill. Rising from behind the hill was a smokeless fire that glowed in a funnel of blue and orange tinted flames. The hill obscured the origin of the flames, so Zamora attempted to drive up it. His cruiser’s tires slipped and swayed on the loose gravel, but after three attempts, Zamora finally made it to the top. A shiny object, the size of a sedan, sparkled in the late afternoon sunshine about 150-200 yards from where Zamora was perched on the hilltop. At first glance, he thought it was a car overturned in an arroyo (dry creek bed), but when he drove closer, it appeared to be aluminum in color, not chrome, and oval-shaped like a football. Zamora drove toward the object, along the hill’s crest, for about 50 feet and then stopped the car. He radioed back to the sheriff’s office that he would be busy checking on a wreck down in the arroyo, and then he descended on foot down the hill toward the object. Roooaaarrr! Zamora was startled again by a very loud rumble, not exactly like a blast but also not steady like a jet engine. It started at a low frequency, with the pitch slowly rising. The flame appeared to be coming from the underside of the object, glowing light blue on top and orange at the bottom. Zamora panicked, afraid the object was about to blow.

He ran to take cover but turned back to look at the object as he fled. He noticed a red symbol on the side, shaped like a point that was about 2 inches high and 2 inches wide. The object was smooth, a shiny white aluminum, with no visible windows or doors. There appeared to be two metal legs, slanted outward, supporting it. Zamora sprinted to his car, hit his leg on the fender, and crashed to the ground. He got up, ran another 25 feet or so, and when he looked back again, he saw the object begin to rise. It rose to the level of the car, then higher, about 20 to 25 feet in the air. Zamora ran another 50 feet from his car, just over the edge of the hill, and ducked. Kneeling as close to the ground as he could, he covered his face with his arms for protection. Suddenly, the roar stopped. In the uneasy silence, Zamora lifted his head and looked. The object sped away from him, toward the southwest, appearing to go in a straight line at about 10-15 feet off the ground. It cleared the eight foot tall dynamite shack by about three feet and then continued in a southwesterly direction, until it went over the high desert mountains and disappeared... Hector Quintanilla, the last chief officer of the US Air Force’s famous UFO investigation program, Project BLUE BOOK, was in charge of the Zamora case. His team was convinced that Zamora was telling the truth, and despite an extremely thorough investigation, they were unable to locate the object or its origins. In an article for Studies in Intelligence called, The Investigation of UFO’s, Quintanilla says that the Zamora sighting is the best-documented case on record. It remains unsolved. Project BLUE BOOK was based at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base near Dayton, Ohio. Between 1947 and 1969, the Air Force recorded 12,618 sightings of strange phenomena — 701 of which remain unidentified like the Zamora case. Although the CIA was not directly affiliated with Project BLUE BOOK, the Agency did play a large role in investigating UFOs in the late 1940s and early 1950s, which led to the creation of several studies, panels, and programs. Former CIA Chief Historian, Gerald K. Haines, wrote an in-depth article looking at the Agency’s role in studying the UFO phenomenon for Studies in Intelligence. In his article, CIA’s Role in the Study of UFOs, 1947-90, Haines says that while the Agency’s concern over UFOs was substantial until the early 1950s, CIA has since paid only limited and peripheral attention to the phenomena. With over 20 years of investigations, from the late 1940s until Project BLUE BOOK’s termination in 1969, the CIA and USAF have learned a thing or two about how to investigate a UFO sighting. While most government officials and scientists now dismiss flying saucer reports as a quaint relic of the 1950s and 1960s, there’s still a lot that can be learned from the history and methodology of flying saucer intelligence.

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프롤로그

비행접시는 어떻게 연구하는가?

기밀해제

인적이 드문 사막도로를 타고 남쪽으로 달리던 경찰 로니 자모라Lonnie Zamora는 뉴멕시코 소코로 외곽에서 과속차량을 추격하고 있었다. 그러다 갑작스런 굉음으로 크게 놀랐다. 잠시 후, 거대한 광원이 지표 위로 뜨더니 도로 남서쪽 창공을 솟구쳤다. 자모라는 인근 다이너마이트 창고가 폭발한 것이 아닌가 싶어 추격을 멈추고 우회전하여 창고로 이어진 자갈길을 달렸다. 

순찰차는 덜컹 거리며 자갈길을 달리다 가파른 언덕에 이르렀다. 언덕 뒤편으로 오른 것은 연기가 나지 않는 화염이었는데, 이는 푸른 빛과 오렌지 빛을 띤 깔때기 모양을 하고 있었다. 하지만 언덕에 가려 불덩이가 어디서 솟은 건지는 알기가 어려웠다. 때문에 자모라는 경사를 오르기 위해 안간힘을 썼다. 순찰차의 타이어가 헛돌긴 했지만 세 차례의 실패 끝에 꼭대기에 다다랐다. 

자모라가 보니, 세단 크기의 발광체가 약 140~180미터 정도 떨어진 곳에서 석양과 더불어 빛을 발하고 있었다. 언뜻 보기에는 작은 협곡(마른 수로)에 차량이 전복되어 있는 것 같았으나, 좀더 가까이 가보니 크롬이 아닌, 알루미늄 색상을 띤 미식축구공 같은 계란형 물체였다. 

자모라는 물체 쪽으로 정상을 따라 15미터 정도 이동한 뒤 엔진을 멈추었다. 그는 경찰서에 무전기로 연락한 후, 기슭으로 내려와 물체에 접근했다. 

우르릉! 자모라는 굉음에 다시금 소스라쳤다. 제트기 엔진처럼 오래 지속되거나, 폭발음처럼 짧지도 않았다. 처음에는 저음이었다가 피치가 서서히 증가했다. 화염은 물체 아래쪽에서 분출했고 상단과 하단에서 각각 푸른색과 오렌지색 화염이 치솟았다. 자모라는 물체가 폭발할 것 같아 크게 두려워했다. 

그는 지형을 이용해 숨으려 하다가 물체를 살피기 위해 고개를 돌렸다. 측면에 붉은색 기호가 시야에 들어왔다. 너비와 폭이 5센티미터 정도 되는 ‘점’처럼 보였다. 물체는 매끈하고 광택이 나는 흰 알루미늄에 창이나 문은 보이지 않았다. 두 개의 금속성 지지대는 바깥으로 기울어 물체를 지탱하고 있었다.

자모라는 차량으로 질주하다가 펜더에 다리가 부딪쳐 넘어졌고, 곧 몸을 일으켜 8미터 가량 이동하다 다시 뒤를 보니 물체가 떠오르기 시작했다.

물체는 차량 높이 이상으로 부상했는데 줄잡아 7, 8 미터는 뜬 것 같았다.

자모라는 순찰차에서 15미터를 달려 언덕 끝자락에서 상체를 숙였다. 그는 몸을 땅에 밀착한 채 얼굴을 팔로 가렸다. 마침내 굉음이 멈췄다. 갑작스런 정적에 마음이 두려워진 자모라는 고개를 들어 비행물체에 시선을 고정했다.

물체는 3, 4미터 상공에서 속도를 내어 남서쪽으로 직진하는 듯했다. 높이가 2미터 남짓 되는 다이너마이트 창고 위를 지나가며 남서쪽으로 계속 진행하다가 사막 산등성이 위로 사라졌다.

헥터 퀸타닐라Hector Quintanilla는 공군이 착수한 UFO 연구 프로그램 ‘블루북 프로젝트’를 마지막으로 지휘한 관리로, 자모라 사건을 담당했다. 연구팀은 자모라가 사실을 보고했으리라 믿고 현장을 철저히 조사했으나 물체의 위치나 출처를 파악할 수는 없었다. ‘UFO 조사The Investigation of  UFO’s’라는 제목으로 『정보연구Studies in Intelligence』에 기고한 글에서 그는 자모라 사건을 기록이 잘 보존된 사례라고 했다. 미결사건이지만 그렇다.

블루북 프로젝트의 근거지는 오하이오 데이튼 인근의 라이트패터슨Wright-Patterson 공군기지다. 1947년에서 69년 사이, 공군은 괴이한 현상을 목격한 사례로 1만 2천 618건을 기록했다(그 중 자모라 사건처럼 ‘미확인unidentified’으로 분류된 것은 701건이다). 중앙정보국은 블루북 프로젝트에 직접 협력하진 않았지만 1940년대 말과 50년대 초, UFO 연구를 통해 연구단체와 패널 및 프로그램을 창출하는 데 지대한 역할을 했다. 전직 CIA 선임사학자인 제럴드 K. 헤인스Gerald K. Haines는 『정보연구』에서 미확인 비행물체 연구에 대한 당국의 역할을 심층적으로 조명했다. ‘CIA, UFO를 연구하다(1947~1990)’에서 그는 1950년대 초까지는 UFO에 호기심이 아주 많았지만 그 이후로는 한정적이고도 지엽적인 관심에 그쳤다고 밝혔다. 

CIA와 공군은 1940년대 말부터 블루북 프로젝트가 종료된 1969년까지 20여 년간 UFO 연구론에 대해 한두 가지 묘안을 터득했다. 대개 정부관리와 학자라면 비행접시를 1950~60년대가 전수한 ‘별난 유물quaint relic’이라고 일축하겠지만, ‘비행접시 정보flying saucer intelligence’의 역사와 방법론에서 교훈이 될 만한 점도 적지 않다.

10 Tips When Investigating a Flying Saucer:

1. Establish a Group To Investigate and Evaluate Sightings

Before December 1947, there was no specific organization tasked with the responsibility for investigating and evaluating UFO sightings. There were no standards on how to evaluate reports coming in, nor were there any measurable data points or results from controlled experiment for comparison against reported sightings. To end the confusion, head of the Air Force Technical Service Command, General Nathan Twining, established Project SIGN (initially named Project SAUCER) in 1948 to collect, collate, evaluate, and distribute within the government all information relating to such sightings, on the premise that UFOs might be real (although not necessarily extraterrestrial) and of national security concern. Project SIGN eventually gave way to Project GRUDGE, which finally turned into Project BLUE BOOK in 1952.

2. Determine the Objectives of Your Investigation

The CIA’s concern over UFOs was substantial until the early 1950s because of the potential threat to national security from these unidentified flying objects. Most officials did not believe the sightings were extraterrestrial in origin; they were instead concerned the UFOs might be new Soviet weapons. The Project BLUE BOOK team, according to Quintanilla, defined three main objectives for their investigations: • To determine if UFO phenomena present a threat to the security of the US; • To determine if UFO phenomena exhibit any technological advances which could be channeled into US research and development; and • To explain or identify the stimuli which caused the observer to report a UFO. Although BLUE BOOK, like previous investigative projects on the topic, did not rule out the possibility of extraterrestrial phenomena, their research and investigations focused primarily on national security implications, especially possible Soviet technological advancements.

3. Consult With Experts

Throughout the 1950s and 1960s, various projects, panels, and other studies were led or sponsored by the US government to research the UFO phenomenon. This includes the CIA-sponsored 1953 Scientific Advisory Panel on Unidentified Flying Objects, also known as the Robertson Panel. It was named after the noted physicist H.P. Robertson from the California Institute of Technology, who helped put together the distinguished panel of nonmilitary scientists to study the UFO issue.

Project BLUE BOOK also frequently consulted with outside experts, including: astrophysicists, Federal Aviation officials, pilots, the US Weather Bureau, local weather stations, academics, the National Center for Atmospheric Research, NASA, Kodak (for photo analysis), and various laboratories (for physical specimens). Even the famous astronomer Carl Sagan took part in a panel to review Project BLUE BOOK’s findings in the mid-1960s. The report from that panel concluded that no UFO case which represented technological or scientific advances outside of a terrestrial framework had been found, but the committee did recommend that UFOs be studied intensively to settle the issue once and for all.

4. Create a Reporting System To Organize Incoming Cases

The US Air Force’s Air Technical Intelligence Center (ATIC) developed questionnaires to be used when taking reports of possible UFO sightings, which were used throughout the duration of Project BLUE BOOK. The forms were used to provide the investigators enough information to determine what the unknown phenomenon most likely was. The duration of the sighting, the date, time, location, or