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    Engineering Vibrations Lecture

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    Roy Vincent Villasfer
    This document discusses engineering vibrations and simple harmonic motion. It introduces vibration as repetitive motion of mechanical systems involving potential and kinetic energy. Simple harmonic motion with springs is then examined, with Hooke's law defining the proportional relationship between displacement and restoring force. The spring-mass system in simple harmonic motion is analyzed at different points of motion. Elastic potential energy is also introduced. Sample problems demonstrate calculating displacements, speeds, and accelerations of oscillating spring-mass systems.

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    Engineering Vibrations Lecture

    Uploaded by

    Roy Vincent Villasfer
    417 views25 pages
    This document discusses engineering vibrations and simple harmonic motion. It introduces vibration as repetitive motion of mechanical systems involving potential and kinetic energy. Simple harmonic motion with springs is then examined, with Hooke's law defining the proportional relationship between displacement and restoring force. The spring-mass system in simple harmonic motion is analyzed at different points of motion. Elastic potential energy is also introduced. Sample problems demonstrate calculating displacements, speeds, and accelerations of oscillating spring-mass systems.

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    Engineering Vibrations Lecture (1)

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    This document discusses engineering vibrations and simple harmonic motion. It introduces vibration as repetitive motion of mechanical systems involving potential and kinetic energy. Simple harmonic motion with springs is then examined, with Hooke's law defining the proportional relationship between displacement and restoring force. The spring-mass system in simple harmonic motion is analyzed at different points of motion. Elastic potential energy is also introduced. Sample problems demonstrate calculating displacements, speeds, and accelerations of oscillating spring-mass systems.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    417 views25 pages

    Engineering Vibrations Lecture

    Uploaded by

    Roy Vincent Villasfer
    This document discusses engineering vibrations and simple harmonic motion. It introduces vibration as repetitive motion of mechanical systems involving potential and kinetic energy. Simple harmonic motion with springs is then examined, with Hooke's law defining the proportional relationship between displacement and restoring force. The spring-mass system in simple harmonic motion is analyzed at different points of motion. Elastic potential energy is also introduced. Sample problems demonstrate calculating displacements, speeds, and accelerations of oscillating spring-mass systems.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 25

    Engineering Vibrations

    Introduction

    Vibration
    is a branch of science of engineering that deals with repetitive motion of mechanical system from machine parts to large structures An interplay between potential energy and kinetic energy

    Simple Harmonic Motion: Springs


    One of the simplest types of vibrational motion is that of an object attached to a spring. Provided that damping forces are absent, the classic spring system becomes a system subjected to simple harmonic motion

    Note that while within the elastic limit of the spring the mass held at the other and causes a proportional elongation on the spring (Hookes Law)

    Fx F=kx
    Where k = spring constant (N/m) F = force exerted by spring (N) x = spring elongation/compression

    General Assumption on the loading of the spring


    When at rest, the system held in equilibrium because the force of the spring is equal to the weight or load When in motion, the unbalanced force on the spring systems causes that motion

    Situation of Spring-Mass System in SHM


    1. At rest (F = 0) fs = w = mg

    2. Moving in downward direction


    w fs fs ' mg kxs kxs' mg kxs xs ' k mg xs ' xs k

    3. Moving in an upward direction


    fs w fs' kxs mg kxs ' mg xs xs k
    '

    Elastic Potential Energy

    Sample Problem
    1. A block with mass of 5.0 kg is attached to a horizontal spring with spring constant k = 4.00 x 102 N/m. The surface the block rests upon is frictionless. If the block is pulled out to xi = 0.0500 m and released, a. Find the speed of the block at the equilibrium point b. Find the speed when x = 0.0250 m, and c. Repeat part (a) if friction acts on the block, with coefficient k = 0.150.

    2. A block weighing 96.5 lbf is dropped from a height of 4ft upon a spring whose modulus is 100 lb / in. Calculate the total deflection of the spring.

    Homework
    1. A 50.0 kg acrobat drops from a height 2 meters straight down
    onto a springboard with a force of constant 8.00 X 103 N/m, as shown. By what maximum distance does she compress the spring?

    2. A 0.500 kg block rests on a horizontal, frictionless


    surface as shown in the figure. The block is pressed back against a spring having a constant of k = 625 N/m, compressing the spring by 10.0 cm to point A. Then the block is released. a. Find the maximum distance d the block travels up the frictionless incline if = 30.0 b. How fast is the block going when halfway to its maximum height?

    Spring Connections
    1. Springs attached in parallel

    2. Spring attached in series

    Prelude to SHM: The Trigonometric Functions


    Sine Function

    Cosine Function

    Simple Harmonic Motion

    Sample Problems
    An object oscillates with SHM along the x-axis. Its position varies with time according to the eq. x = 4m cos (t + /4). Where t is in second and the angles in the parenthesis are in radian a. Determine the amplitude, frequency and period. b. Calc. the vel. And acc. Of the object at any time (t) c. Det. the position, velocity and acceleration of the object at t=1s d. Det. the max speed and acceleration of the object. e. Find the displacement of the object between t=0 and t=1s

    A 50kg block moves between vertical guides as shown. The block is pulled 40mm down from its equilibrium position and released. For each spring arrangement, determine the period of vibration, the maximum velocity and maximum acceleration of the block.

    Seatwork
    1. A 50kg block moves between vertical guides as shown. The
    block is pulled 40mm down from its equilibrium position and released. For each spring arrangement, determine the period of vibration, the maximum velocity and maximum acceleration of the block.

    2. A block of unknown mass is attached to a spring with k=6.5 N / m. It undergoes SHM with an amplitude of 10cm. When the block is halfway between its equilibrium position and the endpoint, its speed is measured to be 30 cm/sec. Calculate a.) mass of block b.) the period c.) the maximum acceleration

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