FUNCTIONS

COR 4 – QUARTER 1
OBJECTIVES:
After going through this module, you are expected
to:

1. recall the concepts of relations and functions;

2. define and explain functional relationship as a
mathematical model of situation; and
3. represent real-life situations using functions,
including piece-wise function.
REVIEW

1) It is the set of first coordinates.

ABSCISSA DOMAIN RANGE

2) It is the set of second

coordinates.
ABSCISSA DOMAIN RANGE
REVIEW
3) Find the given domain and range of the
given ordered pair.
{ (-1,1), (3, 4), (-5, 10), (-9, 15), (4, 6),
(7,8) }
DOMAI
N { -9, -5, -1, 3, 4, 7 }

RANGE { 1, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15 }
RELATION
 is any set of ordered pairs.
 The set of all first elements of the ordered pairs is
called the DOMAIN of the relation.
 The set of all second elements is called the RANGE.

FUNCTION
 is a relation or rule of correspondence between two
elements (domain and range) such that each
element in the domain corresponds to exactly
one element in the range.
Functions can be represented in
different ways.
 A table of values,

 Ordered pairs, {(1,2), (2,3), (3,4), (4,5),

(5,6)}

 Graph,

 An Equation

y = 5x - 1
EXAMPLE
Which of the following relations are
functions?

A = {(1,2), (2,3), (3,4), (4,5)}

B = {(3,3), (4,4), (5,5), (6,6)}

C = {(1,0), (0, 1, (-1,0), (0,-1)}

EXAMPLE
Which of the following relations are
functions?
x 1 2 3 4 5 6
A. y 5 6 7 8 10 12

x 4 -3 1 2 5
B. y -5 -2 -2 -2 0

x 0 -1 4 2 -1
C. y 3 4 0 -1 1
EXAMPLE
Which of the following relations are
functions?
EXAMPLE
Which of the following relations are
functions?
GIVEN: (C.) S(n) = 500n
Earnings per
Example:
day: 500 Let's say the
Number of days number of days the
job is completed is
doing a certain job: 6 days.
n
To write the total salary as
a function of days n=6
Total salary:
S(n), multiply S(n)
the earnings S(n) = 500n
per day by the number of
days the person does the S(6) = 500 (6)
THE FUNCTION
MACHINE
  Function can be represented by
EQUATION.

 Since output (y) is dependent on input

(x), we can say that y is a function of x.
EXAMPLE:
x+3=y
If a function machine
always adds three (3) f(x) = x+ 3
to whatever you put
in it. Therefore, we
can derive an Where, f(x) =
equation of: y
 A. If height (H) is a function of age (a), give a
function H that can represent the height of a
person in a age, if every year the height is added
by 2 inches.
Solution:
Since every year the height is added by 2
inches, then the height function is

𝑯(𝒂)=𝟐+𝒂
 B. If distance (D) is a function of time (t), give a
function D that can represent the distance a car
travels in t time, if every hour the car travels 60
kilometers.
Solution:
Since every hour, the car travels 60 kilometers,

𝑫(𝒕)=𝟔0𝒕
therefore the distance function is given by
 C. Give a function B that can represent the
amount of battery charge of a cellular phone in h
hour, if 12% of battery was loss every hour.

Solution:
Since every hour losses 12% of the battery,

𝑩(𝒉)=100 - 0.12h
then the amount of battery function is
 OPERATIONS
ON FUNCTIONS
ADDITION, SUBTRACTION
MULTIPLICATION, DIVISION
 ADDITION
f(x) + g(x) means to add two functions
together and can also be written as (f + g)(x).
EXAMPLE: f(x) = 3x – 5
g(x) = 4x + 6
tep 1 ( IDENTIFY ): (f + g)(x) = f(x) + g(x)

tep 2 ( SUBSTITUTE): = 3x – 5 + 4x + 6

tep 3 (COMBINE LIKE-TERMS): = 7x + 1

 SUBTRACTION
f(x) - g(x) means to subtract the g(x) function
from the f(x) function and can also be written as
(f - g)(x).
EXAMPLE: f(x) = 5x – 5
g(x) = 4x + 6
ep 1 ( IDENTIFY ): (f + g)(x) = f(x) - g(x)

ep 2 ( SUBSTITUTE): = 5x – 5 – (4x + 6)

ep 3 (DISTRIBUTE THE SIGN): = 5x – 5 – 4x - 6

ep 3 (COMBINE LIKE-TERMS): = x - 11
TRY THIS!

f(x) = 2 Find:
g(x) = 4x + 6 a) (f + g)(x)
b) (f – g)(x)
TRY THIS!

f(x) = 2 Find:
g(x) = 4x + 6 a) (f + g)(5)
b) (f – g)(8)
TRY THIS!

f(x) = 2
Find:
g(x) = 4x + 6
a) (f + g + h)(x)
h(x) = x + 5
b) (f – h)(x)
TRY THIS!

f(x) = 2
Find:
g(x) = 4x + 6
a) (f + g + h)(3)
h(x) = x + 5
b) (f – h)(5)
 MULTIPLICATION
f(x) x g(x) means to add two functions
together and can also be written as (f x g)(x).
EXAMPLE: f(x) = 3x – 5
g(x) = 4x + 6
Step 1 ( IDENTIFY ): (f x g)(x) = f(x) x g(x)

Step 2 ( SUBSTITUTE): = (3x – 5) (4x +

Step 3 (DISTRIBUTE): =
TRY THIS!

f(x) = 2 Find:
g(x) = 4x + 6 a) (f * g)(x)
b) (f * g)(5)
 (+) – (+) = (+)
(+) + (+) =
(+) (+) x (+) = (+)
(+) – (-) = (+)
*Add (+) x (-) = (-)
(+) + (-) =
*Subtract
(-) – (+) = (-) (-) x (-) = (+)
*Copy the sign
*Add
of the greater #
(-) – (-) =
(-) + (-) = (-)
*Subtract
*Add
*Copy the sign
of the greater #
DIVIDING FUNCTIONS
FIND:
GIVEN:
1) (

f(x) = 4x + 12
g(x) =
h(x) = 4x + 28
DIVIDING FUNCTIONS
FIND:
GIVEN:
1) (

f(x) = 4x + 12
g(x) =
h(x) = 4x + 28
COMPOSITE FUNCTIONS
"Function Composition" is applying one function to the results of another:
COMPOSITE FUNCTIONS
FIND:
GIVEN:
1) (

f(x) = 4x + 12
g(x) =
h(x) = 4x + 28
 TYPES OF FUNCTIONS
Types of
Description Example
Function
A constant function has the
same output value no matter
what your input value is.
Constant
Because of this, a constant y=7
Function
function has the form f(x) = b,
where b is a constant (a single
value that does not change).
The identity function returns
the same value and uses as its
Identity Function f(2) = 2
argument. It can be expressed
as f(x)=x, for all values of x.
TYPES OF FUNCTIONS
Types of
Description Example
Function
A polynomial function is
Polynomial defined by, where n is a non-
Function negative integer and 0 a , 1 a ,
2 a ,…, n ∈ R
The polynomial function with
Linear Function degree one. It is in the form y=2x+5
y=mx+b
TYPES OF FUNCTIONS
Types of
Description Example
Function
If the degree of the polynomial
function is two, then it is a
Quadratic quadratic function. It is
Function expressed as c bxaxy + += 2 ,
where a ≠ 0 and a, b, c are
constant and x is a variable.
A cubic polynomial function is a
polynomial of degree three and
can be denoted by d cxbxaxxf
Cubic Function
+ ++= 23)( , where a ≠ 0 and
a, b, c, and d are constant & x
is a variable.
 TYPES OF FUNCTIONS
Types of
Description Example
Function
A power function is in the form
b axy = where b is any real
constant number. Many of our f(x) =
Power Function
parent functions such as linear
and quadratic functions are
functions.
A rational function can be
represented by a rational
fraction say, ) ( )( xq xp in
Rational Function
which numerator and
denominator are polynomial
functions of x, where q(x) ≠ 0.
TYPES OF FUNCTIONS
Types of
Description Example
Function
This function is in the form
xaby = , where x is an
exponent and a and b are
constants. (Note: only b is
Exponential
raised to the power x; not a.) If
function
the base b is greater than 1,
then the result is exponential
growth.
xy
Logarithmic functions are the
inverses of exponential
functions and vice versa.
TYPES OF FUNCTIONS
Types of
Description Example
Function
he absolute value of any
number, c, is represented in
the form of |c|. If any function
f: R→ R is defined by x xf = )( ,
Absolute Value it is known as absolute value
Function function. For each non-
negative value of x, f(x) = x
and for each negative value of
x, f(x) = -x, i.e., f(x) = x, if x ≥
0; – x, if x < 0.
TYPES OF FUNCTIONS
Types of
Description Example
Function
If a function f: R→ R is defined
by f(x) = [x], x ∈ X, round-off
it to the integer less than the
number. Suppose that the
Greatest Integer
given interval is in the form of
Function
(x, x+1), the value of greatest
integer function is x which is
an integer.
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