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    Trends of HIV

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    kimani
    Globally, approximately 38 million people are living with HIV. While the annual number of new HIV infections has remained steady, the number of AIDS-related deaths has declined significantly due to increased access to antiretroviral treatment. Sub-Saharan Africa remains the most heavily affected region, accounting for 68% of global HIV cases. In Kenya, around 1.6 million people are living with HIV, including high-risk groups such as female sex workers, men who have sex with men, drug users, youth, and women who face discrimination limiting their ability to practice safer sex. More than half of new HIV infections in Kenya occur among adolescents and youth.

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    Trends of HIV

    Uploaded by

    kimani
    12 views30 pages
    Globally, approximately 38 million people are living with HIV. While the annual number of new HIV infections has remained steady, the number of AIDS-related deaths has declined significantly due to increased access to antiretroviral treatment. Sub-Saharan Africa remains the most heavily affected region, accounting for 68% of global HIV cases. In Kenya, around 1.6 million people are living with HIV, including high-risk groups such as female sex workers, men who have sex with men, drug users, youth, and women who face discrimination limiting their ability to practice safer sex. More than half of new HIV infections in Kenya occur among adolescents and youth.

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    Globally, approximately 38 million people are living with HIV. While the annual number of new HIV infections has remained steady, the number of AIDS-related deaths has declined significantly due to increased access to antiretroviral treatment. Sub-Saharan Africa remains the most heavily affected region, accounting for 68% of global HIV cases. In Kenya, around 1.6 million people are living with HIV, including high-risk groups such as female sex workers, men who have sex with men, drug users, youth, and women who face discrimination limiting their ability to practice safer sex. More than half of new HIV infections in Kenya occur among adolescents and youth.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    12 views30 pages

    Trends of HIV

    Uploaded by

    kimani
    Globally, approximately 38 million people are living with HIV. While the annual number of new HIV infections has remained steady, the number of AIDS-related deaths has declined significantly due to increased access to antiretroviral treatment. Sub-Saharan Africa remains the most heavily affected region, accounting for 68% of global HIV cases. In Kenya, around 1.6 million people are living with HIV, including high-risk groups such as female sex workers, men who have sex with men, drug users, youth, and women who face discrimination limiting their ability to practice safer sex. More than half of new HIV infections in Kenya occur among adolescents and youth.

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    of 30

    TRENDS OF HIV

    OBJECTIVES
     Definitions
     Trend of HIV
     Globally
     Regionally
     Kenya
     High risk groups
    Definitions
     Incidence –total number of new cases within a given
    period of time within a certain population
     Prevalence –total number of people infected within a
    period of time in a certain population
     Epidemic- a disease outbreak characterized by sudden
    increase of infections within a short period of time
     Epidemiology – study of disease patterns occurrence in
    population and factors affecting them.
     Pandemic-an epidemic affecting the whole world
    Global trend of HIV
    HIV remains to be a major global
    public health issue
    Approximately 38 million people are
    living with HIV globally
    21% don’t know their status
     74.9 million people have been infected with HIV
    and 32 million people have died of AIDS related
    illness since the start of the epidemic
    Number has reduced by 55% since the peak in
    2004
     Majority of people living with HIV/AIDS are
    located in the middle and low income countries
     Annual number of new infections among
    adults has remained static
     There's a reduction in new HIV infections in
    children since 2010 at 41%
     In 2018 more than half of the new
    infections were among key affected
    population and their partners
    The global progress
    Regional trend of HIV
    Regional trend of HIV
     Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly Southern
    Africa, remains the region most heavily
    affected by epidemic
     In 2019 it accounted of 68% of all HIV cases
    of all ages and 88% children and
    adolescents worldwide

    Is estimated that approximately 38
    million people are living with HIV
    Of the 38M, approximately 2.8M are
    children aged 0-19 years old
    15000 children 0-9 years were newly
    infected ( A 52% decline since 2010)
     Number of new infections among adolescents has
    declined at a slow a rate
     An estimated 110000 children and adolescents
    died from AIDS related causes in 2019. 70% of
    these children under 10years
     Annual AIDS related deaths of children has decline
    by 74% since its peak in 2003 and 6% among those
    aged 10-19years
    KENYAS HIV TREND
    1.6 million people living with HIV
    First case in Kenya 1984
    1996 10.5% of Kenyans were living with
    HIV
    2016 64% of Kenyans living with HIV
    were on ARVs and 51% were virally
    suppressed
    High risk groups
    Sex workers
     Have highest HIV prevalence in any group in Kenya
     29.3% female sex workers were living with HIV
    ( data from 2011)
     2015 a study conducted in Nairobi showed that a
    third of them were living with HIV
     Sexworkers face risk of violence with little or no
    protection from law enforcement officers- leads
    to failure of PEP access
    CONT.
     Thoseliving with HIV frequent arrest and
    detention results in interruption of
    treatment
     Female sex workers are reportedly better
    at protecting themselves from HIV
     76%estimated to be able to access HIV
    services
     Condom use approx. about 92%
    MSM
     Homosexuality in Kenya is illegal and can
    carry a prison sentence of up to 14years.
    Lead to high levels of stigma and
    discrimination
     Highprevalence of HIV among MSM; 18.2%
    2010 data
     There's
    arise in condom use, from 55% in
    2010 to 80% in 2015
    Drug users
     In2011 18.3% of people who were injecting
    drugs were living with HIV
     Majority are from Mombasa and Nairobi
     Thereis an increasing use of condoms
    among people injecting drugs
     2016 UNAIDS found that 90% of people
    injecting drugs used a clean syringe as
    compared to 51% in 2012
    Youth and adolescents

     More
    than half of new HIV infections occurred
    among the adolescents and the youth
     Young
    women twice likely to acquire HIV
    compared to their male counter parts
     WHAT ARE THE FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO
    HIGH RATE OF NEW INFECTIONS AMONG THE
    YOUNG PEOPLE?
    Women
     In2016 women accounted to 910000 of 1.6 million
    people living with HIV
     As in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa women
    face discrimination in terms of employment,
    education and health care access
     Menalways dominate sexual relationships with
    women not always able to practice safer sex even
    when they know the risk
     In2015 35% of women aged between 14- 49 years
    married or were married reported sexual violence
    and or spousal violence
    Summary of prevalence oh high risk
    group
    Summary

     Currently approx. 38M people are living with


    HIV/AIDS
     East and Southern Africa is the region most affected
    by HIV in the world and is home to the largest
    number of people living with HIV.
     The HIV epidemic in this region is generalized but
    young women, men who have sex with men,
    transgender people, sex workers, prisoners and
    people who inject drugs are at an increased
    vulnerability to infection.
     Thenumber of people living with HIV in East and
    Southern Africa continues to increase, but access
    to antiretroviral treatment is increasing as well.
     More
    than half of the new infections occurred
    among the adolescents and the youth
    References

     UNAIDS 2020
     UNICEF 2018
     NASCOP program data report 2020
     Kenya AIDS Response Progress Report 2018
    QUESTIONS

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