Unit 2
                          Pre- Production
Casting Director
• Casting directors select suitable actors for roles in film, television,
radio, theater, advertisements, and music productions. They
analyze scripts, schedule auditions, and manage actors' contracts.
They may be employed by studios or casting agencies, or work as
contractors. 
• Casting directors must have exceptional ability to identify and
source talented actors, as the producer and director rely on
them to find the right people to cast. Casting directors must be able
to work in high pressure and maneuver through tight deadlines.
• Casting directors must have communicational skills for liaising
between directors and the actors on contractual matters, as well
as managing casting budgets and collaborations in the scope of
production.
• For this job role they are needed for weeks at a time, so they
require most of their payment at the start of pre-production and
usually have contracts with the film etc. they are working on. A
casting directors' job is finished when the actors have been
chosen and their contract is completed. 
 • Screenwriters are essential part of any film or
television show because they're responsible for
creating the dialogue, characters, and storyline that
make up a movie or a TV script, or screenplay. 
• Screenwriters must have communicational skills as
they will have meetings with film executives to
pitch screenplays and ideas.
• Screenwriters need to have the ability
to develop and research ideas and produce original
material; write a script based on actual events or
adapt an existing work(such as a book, play, or film,
TV). For an adaption, screenwriters must rewrite and
re-work existing material with legal permission. For
scripts based on actual events, screenwriters must
do research before writing. 
• Screenwriters are often
independent contractors who
work for themselves in a home office, so they can
make up their own hours and write as much or little
as they want. They must be willing
to consistently pitch their screenplays in order to get
paid work. They must be able to handle
rejection and criticism that comes with the process.
When their screenplays are used for movies, they
may need to be available at all hours to make
adjustments to the script as needed. 

Screenwriter
Producer
• Producers in the entertainment industry tend to the business and financial matters involved
in making a movie, television show, or stage production. They oversee production and are
responsible for the budget, timeline, and quality of the finished product. 
• To be successful in this role, you must effectively coordinate with all of the people in a
production to keep it running smoothly. You must often have the final say on big decisions for
a production, and they must decide on who to hire. Since this occupation is driven by
deadlines and budgets it can be stressful for some people, so producers must be able to work
well under pressure. Finally, producers must create a realistic production schedule and ensure
that the production is running on time. They're ultimately responsible for the final product.
• A producers' duties and responsibilities generally include hiring staff for the production such
as directors, editors, cinematographers, set and costume designers, sometimes the cast and
more. Coordinating the activities of writers, directors, managers, actors, and
other personnel throughout the production process. Establishing management policies and
raising money and setting the budget and size of a production. 
• The length of production time can vary from one job to the next, from days to months to
years, on weekends and evening as well. 
                               Production
A Camera Operator 
• A camera operator, also called a cameraman or camerawoman, "films the
action" on the set of movies and television shows, or at live events like
sport events or news broadcasting. 
• The requirements to be a camera operator is to have patience and
stamina, as camera equipment are heavy, and you need to have the ability
to walk and stand for long periods of time, approximately 2-3 hours per
position. You must have dedication to multitask and work in high
pressure fast paced environment, while aiming to take unique camera
shots, usually with tight and changing deadlines. Furthermore, you must be
available to work all shifts, including early mornings, evenings, holidays and
weekends, if you are employed full time. If you are not employed , you
work on a freelance basis and finish when the filming is complete. 
• Finally, you need to be a good assessor and to be the first person to check
how the performance and camera movement comes together to see if
anything needs re-filming.
Actors/Actress'
• Actors are performing artists who portray in television shows,
commercials, movies etc. 
• This occupation requires the ability to read scripts, memorize
the lines, improvise and exhibit broad ranges of emotions on cue. 
• Actors need to have active listening to respond to what a director
wants. In addition, verbal communication is needed as acting
involves collaborating, conveying to others details about a scene or
a performance. Also, actors need to be able to enunciate clearly so
other actors and audience members can hear them and understand
them clearly.  
• The most important thing is that you need to have creativity.
Writers might have an idea for what a character should be, but
actor need to bring it to life. 
• Actors only work full time if they have a regular role in a
television role in a television show. Even then, full-time work is only
temporary. When they are working, actors' schedules can be
unpredictable depending on shooting schedules. Long days
are common, and it's not unusual for films and television shows to
shoot at all hours depending on the needs of a scene. 
Script supervisor
• A Script Supervisor is a member of a film or television crew who maintains
the stability of the script during pre-production, filming and post-production.
This person serves as a script liaison between people working on the set. The
process can involve making continuity suggestions to help with script
interpretation or taking notes between the actors, directors and production
personnel. To ensure continuity between the script and what's being filmed,
the script supervisor may advise on a variety of production details, such as
costumes, props, sets and makeup. They may also help actors and directors
interpret the script, maintain logs of daily scene shots and include
production notes and suggestions to help maintain the continuity. 
• Your duties for being a Script Supervisor includes maintaining a detailed log
of daily scene shots slated for production with accompanying production
notes and continuity suggestions. 
• Script Supervisors work long hours, because filming is performed in a
film studio, but on-location shooting is often required as well, you may be
required to spend long periods away from home.
                         Post- Production
Film Editor
• A film editor is a mechanic who removes unneeded and
fits pieces of film together to make a finished movie. 
• Being a film editor requires the willingness of spending
long hours looking through footage and
then assembling a film a half-second at a time, while
working quickly to meet the filmmakers' deadlines. 
• You need to have strong communicational skills to work
well with directors, cinematographers, sound editors,
special effect editors and music producers. 
• You need to have personal code of ethics and
commitment to following the director's vision
rather than altering material to make a personal artistic
statement. A commitment to high-quality work and to
continue to improve your own skills and knowledge,
while having the ability to remain calm and
confident in high stress or crisis situations. 
Sound editor
• Sound editors are responsible for assembling the overall sound design of a completed
production. In post-production, you are in charge of selecting/re-recording, and
piecing together the right sounds to fit the edited footage. 
• You will need to have great communication skills as you will be working closely with
the director, sound designer, and most importantly the re-recording mixer, as your
sound design will be tweaked and finalized by the re-recording mixer. The sound
editor must have a clear idea of what audio needs to be captured or implemented in a
way that will enhance the final product. 
• You must be a great listener with an amazing ear for detail, knowledgeable when it
comes to all things sound. 
• Sound editors usually work indoors in radio, television, film and music recording
studios; working close to others, such as within a recording studio or in a sound
booth. They usually work more than 40 hours per week to meet tight deadlines. You
will need to generally work an irregular schedule that changes with production
demands, and may work weekends or nights, if working for stations that broadcast
live.
VFX(Visual effects)
artist
• Visual effects artists work in the film and video game industry to create
computer-generated animations and special effects and add them to movies,
TV shows, and computer games. 
• You will need good communicational skills as you will be working closely with
the director to make to life the VFX blueprint of the video. As well as
working closely with producers to manage all incoming media and
outgoing deliverables. Most importantly you need to have great teamwork
skills working in partnership with other members of the team to ensure shots
are delivered to the very highest standards while maintaining schedules. 
• You need to have high attention to detail ensuring all shadows,
camera reflections etc. are edited out of the final film. You must perform
short specific color corrections to match editorial references when required.
You need dedication and discipline, incorporating and updating
all required versions of visual effects shots into the current cuts of the VFX/live
action sequences.
• To be a VFX artist you need to possess sound technical knowledge of 3D
animation, motion graphics and VFX. It is a crucial need to have a strong
expertise in editing software such as Premiere pro, After Effect, Photoshop and
Final Cut Pro. You need to be an organize person and deliver high-
quality work while meeting tight deadlines.  
• Working hours for a VFX artist are generally 9-10 hours per day. Deadlines are
high pressure and rarely flexible. Many artists say they work through the
night to deliver a project on time. 
• Since they use computer software, VFX artists work in an office environment,
but they may also work at filming locations to help shoot scenes, and they
may have to travel frequently for the job. To ensure maximum visual quality,
they work closely with engineering and design teams.