Light Emitting Polymers

SEMINAR
ON
LIGHT EMITTING polymers

MONITORS
Monitor is the component of your

computer system that displays the messages and data
being processed and utilized by the computer's CPU.
The two types of monitor

technologies available to consumers are
CRT Monitors
LCD Monitors
CRT Monitor LCD Monitor
• bigger and bulkier • more expensive
• consume more power • problem of viewing angles
• prone to screen flicker • less accurate color

replication
Light Emitting Polymers
• An Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED), also Light
Emitting Polymer (LEP) and Organic Electro
Luminescence (OEL), is any Light Emitting Diode (LED)
whose emissive electroluminescent layer is composed of
a film of organic compounds.
• The layer usually contains a polymer substance that

allows suitable organic compounds to be deposited.
• The resulting matrix of pixels can emit light of different

colors.
What Is Organic Light
Emitting Diodes (OLED)?

Organic Light Emitting Diode technology, pioneered and patented by

Kodak/Sanyo, enables full color, full-motion flat panel displays with a

level of brightness and sharpness not possible with other technologies.

How OLED Works
• The basic OLED cell structure consists of a

stack of thin organic layers sandwiched between
a transparent anode and a metallic cathode
• The organic layers comprise a hole-injection

layer, a hole-transport layer, an emissive layer,
and an electron-transport layer
• When an appropriate voltage is applied to the

cell, the injected positive and negative charges
recombine in the emissive layer to produce light
OLED Structure
OLED Structures
 Bottom emission/Top emission
Bottom emission uses a transparent or semi-transparent
bottom electrode to get the light through a transparent
substrate. Top emission uses a transparent or semi-
transparent top electrode to get the light through the counter
substrate.
 Transparent OLED
Transparent organic light-emitting device

(TOLED) uses a proprietary transparent contact to
create displays that can be made to be top-only
emitting, bottom-only emitting, or both top and
bottom emitting (transparent). This technology is
used in Heads-up displays
 Stacked OLED
Stacked OLED (SOLED) uses a pixel architecture

that stacks the red, green, and blue subpixels on top of
one another instead of next to one another, leading to
substantial increase in gamut and color depth,and
greatly reducing pixel gap
 Inverted OLED
In contrast to a conventional OLED, in which the

anode is placed on the substrate, an Inverted OLED
(IOLED) uses a bottom cathode that can be connected to
the drain end of an n-channel
TECHNOLOGY
1. Material technologies
 Small molecules
 Polymer light-emitting diodes
 Phosphorescent materials
2. Patterning technologies
 Patternable OLED
 Inkjet
Laser patterning
3. Backplane technologies
There are two forms of OLED displays: Passive-
matrix and Active-matrix.

Passive and Active Displays

The Passive-Matrix OLED display has a simple structure
and is well suited for low-cost and low-information content applications
such as alphanumeric displays.It is formed by providing an array of
OLED pixels connected by intersecting anode and cathode conductors
The Active-Matrix OLED display has an integrated

electronic back plane as its substrate and lends itself to high-resolution,
high-information content applications including videos and
graphics.This form of display because of its high carrier mobility,
provides thin-film-transistors (TFT) with high current carrying capability
and high switching speed.
Advantages:
 Viewing Angles

 Robust Design
 High Resolution OLED LCD
 Electronic Paper
 Production Advantages
Video Capabilities
 Hardware Content
 Power Usage
Disadvantages
 Engineering Hurdles
 Color

 Overcoming LCD’s
Future
Outlook:
The OLED technology faces a bright future in the display market, as
the ever-changing market environment appears to be a global race to
achieve new success .Because production is more akin to chemical
processing than semiconductor manufacturing, OLED materials could
someday be applied to plastic and other materials to create wall-size video
panels, roll-up screens for laptops, and even head wearable displays.
CONCLUSION
• The Organic Light Emitting Diode forms of display still

have many obstacles to overcome before it’s popularity
and even more importantly, its reliability are up to par
with standards expected by consumers.
• Although the technology presents itself as a major
player in the field of displays, overcoming these

obstacles will prove to be a difficult task.
• For all we know and can hope for…OLED’s could
change the ways in which we see things.

Light Emitting Polymers

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SEMINAR

LIGHT EMITTING polymers

Monitor is the component of your

The two types of monitor

• consume more power • problem of viewing angles

• prone to screen flicker • less accurate color

• The layer usually contains a polymer substance that

• The resulting matrix of pixels can emit light of different

Organic Light Emitting Diode technology, pioneered and patented by

Kodak/Sanyo, enables full color, full-motion flat panel displays with a

• The basic OLED cell structure consists of a

• The organic layers comprise a hole-injection

• When an appropriate voltage is applied to the

Transparent organic light-emitting device

Stacked OLED (SOLED) uses a pixel architecture

In contrast to a conventional OLED, in which the

Passive and Active Displays

The Active-Matrix OLED display has an integrated

• The Organic Light Emitting Diode forms of display still

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