Unit 3

PATIENT’S COMFORT NEEDS:

FON 1 (Unit 3) 1
Objectives:
At the end of the session, the students
will be able to:
 State the principal of basic bed making
 State the purposes of bed making
 Prepare the equipment required for basic bed
making
 Apply the correct techniques of making basic
bed
 Explain the nurse’s responsibilities in making
bed making

FON 1 (Unit 3) 2
 Introduction:
 Basic bed making is the most basic
procedure in nursing.
 Bed making being done daily as a
routine and also being done when
needed to provide
comfort to patients.

FON 1 (Unit 3)
3
The Purposes:
1. To change dirty linen that had been
used.
2. To provide physical comfort to
patients.
3. To provide clean & neat environment
in the ward.
4. To ensure patient’s safety especially
dependent patients.

FON 1 (Unit 3) 4
The Principles in Making
Basic Bed:
 1. Practice the body mechanic principles
Rational: Prevent injury to ourselves

FON 1 (Unit 3) 5
 2. Ensure there are no sharp/ hard objects
on the mattress & mackintosh

Rational: Prevent injury to patients

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 3. Practice the aseptic principles.
Rational: Prevent cross-infection

 4. Ensure the bed sheet is always tight.

Rational: Crumples or folds causes
injury to patient’s skin

FON 1 (Unit 3) 7
 5. The procedure begins from top part to
bottom part, then followed by middle part of
bed.
Rational: It is a systematic method

 6. Two nurses are required for each basic bed

making procedure.
Rational: Work faster, organized & neat

FON 1 (Unit 3) 8
 Body Mechanic Principles:
 The efficient, coordinated & safe use of the
body to move objects & carry out the
activities of daily living (ADL).

 The purposes:
To facilitate the safe & efficient use of
appropriate muscle groups to maintain balance,
reduce the energy required, reduce fatigue, and
decrease the risk of injury.
FON 1 (Unit 3) 9
Asepsis Principles:
 Wash hand medical asepsis before &
after the procedure.

 Prevent nosocomial infections:

 From nurses to patients
 From patients to nurses
 From patient to another patient
 From hospital equipments to patients

FON 1 (Unit 3) 10
 Put dirty linen into laundry bag:
 White bag: regular dirty linen
 Red bag: soiled dirty linen (with blood
stained, vomitus, etc.)

 Do not throw the dirty linen on the

floor.

FON 1 (Unit 3) 11
 Not to roll wave the dirty linen, hit
the pillow and mattress.

 Do not prepare bed making when

there is a sterile procedure being
performed around.
FON 1 (Unit 3) 12
 Take linen piece by piece – not
to put clean linen on unprepared
bed.

 Put open side of pillow case

away from the entry.
FON 1 (Unit 3) 13
 Roll the dirty part towards inward.

 Hold dirty linen away from your

uniform.

FON 1 (Unit 3) 14
Hospital Beds:

FON 1 (Unit 3) 15
 Type of hospital bed
 Manual Hospital Bed: use manual hand-
cranks to adjust head, foot, or height
positions.
 Semi-Electric Hospital Bed: have push-
button convenience for head and foot
positioning. Height adjustments are hand-
crank
 Full-Electric Hospital Bed: use push-
button convenience for head, foot, and
height positioning
FON 1 (Unit 3) 16
 Manual Hospital Bed

Full-Electric Hospital Bed

Semi-Electric Hospital Bed

FON 1 (Unit 3) 17
 Unoccupied Bed
 A bed not occupied by patient
 Can be either closed or open

OPEN METHOD
 Unoccupied Bed (con’t..)
 Open and closed beds
are made the same
way,
 except that the top
sheet, and blanket of a
closed bed are drawn
up to the top of the
bed and under the
pillows.
CLOSED METHOD
 Occupied Bed

 With patient on the

bed.
 Some patients may
be too weak to get
out of bed.
 Parts of Hospital Beds

 Mattress
 Side Rails
 Footboard
 Intravenous
Rods
 Parts of Hospital Beds
(con’t..)
Mattress

Usually covered with water

repellent material that
resist soiling and can be
cleaned easily
 Parts of Hospital
Bed( con’t..)
Side Rails

Or safety sides
In various shapes and sizes
Devices to raise and lower
differs
 Parts of Hospital
Beds(con’t..)
Foot Board
Used to support the
immobilized client’s foot
in a normal correct
position to prevent
plantar flexion
contractures.
 Parts of Hospital
Beds(con’t…)
Intravenous Rods

Poles, stands usually

made of metal, to
support IV infusion
containers.
Cardiac Table/ Overhead
Table:

FON 1 (Unit 3) 26
Bedside Locker:

FON 1 (Unit 3) 27
TYPES OF BED MAKING

Basic
Bed
Making
 What do you do before
performing any procedure?

3.
2.
1.
3.
2.
1.
Implementa
Implementa
Planning
Assessment
Planning
tion
Assessment
tion
Remember this 4 steps:

4.
E
v
al
u
a
ti
o
n

FON 1 (Unit 3) 29
 Assessment:
 Clean& &mattress.
Bed in good
condition.

 Procedure
Set up the will
area.be done
smoothly.

FON 1 (Unit 3) 30
 Planning & Preparations:
1. Prepare the - waterproof protective
equipments: pad (optional)
- Bed & mattress - Draw sheet
- Pillow - Blanket
- Long - Pillow case
mackintosh -
- Draw receptacle/receiver/ki
mackintosh dney dish
-FONlinen
1 (Unit 3)
bag & hamper31
2. Switch off the
Minimize the
fan.
transmission of
microorganisms.

The procedure is
3. Arrange linen &
systematic.
mackintosh
which the 1st
item that will be
used is in the FON 1 (Unit 3) 32
Equipments:

33
Equipments:

linen bag & hamper

FON 1 (Unit 3) 34
Implementations:
GainGreet
1. patient’s
patient & explain the procedure.
cooperation.
2. Wash hand medical asepsis.
Prevent
3. Lock nosocomial
the bed wheel.
infection.
4. Lower the head of bed – make it flat.
Prevent the bed from
moving
5. Remove
during
the pillow.
procedure.
Make convenient to lay
out the bed sheet.

FON 1 (Unit 3) 35
Prevent
6. Removeinjury
any&scraps
infection
of food & sharp items from the
bed surface
of patient’s skin. (if any).
7. Lay out the long mackintosh.

Lay out
Prevent
8. thethe
bedbed sheet vertically in the middle of the
bed.
contaminated.
9. Open the 1 fold of bed sheet.
st

FON 1 (Unit 3) 36
10. Pull the bed sheet until both end of the
bed.
11. Open the next fold.

12. Stand up facing the head of bed.

13. Fold both edge of top bed sheet as

Maintaining the body
envelope fold.
posture.

FON 1 (Unit 3) 37
 Essential Skill Three:Technique of
Making Miter Corner

Grasp edge of sheets

and bring onto
mattress to form a
'triangle'.
 How to Make Envelope Fold?

Top edge of bed Sheet on top of Lower edge of

sheet picked up mattress in a sheet tucked
triangular fold under mattress

FON 1 (Unit 3) 39
 Essential Skill Three:Technique of
Making Miter Corner (con’t…)
 Tuck end side of sheet under mattress
 Essential Skill Three:Technique of
Making Miter Corner (con’t…)

 bring down 'triangle' fold and tuck it

 Essential Skill Six: Technique of
Changing Pillow Case
 Change pillow case and place open ends
of pillow case away from door.
14. Stand up facing bottom of bed.
Repeat step (13).
15. Fit the pillow inside pillow case.
16. Put back the pillow on the top of
bed. Open side of pillow case should
be away from entry.
17. Tidy up the patient’s unit.

FON 1 (Unit 3) 44
Evaluation:
Bed neat and clean.

FON 1 (Unit 3) 45
 Practice does not make perfect.
Only perfect practice makes perfect.
Vince Lombardi

FON 1 (Unit 3) 46