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    Wimax: Worldwide Interoperability For Microwave Access

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    angeloflove15
    WiMAX is a wireless technology that provides broadband connectivity over long distances, allowing internet access to homes and businesses within 30 miles of a WiMAX tower. It operates between 2-66 GHz and supports data transfer rates up to 70 Mbps. There are two types: fixed WiMAX for stationary use and mobile WiMAX which adds features for portable use. WiMAX uses encryption and authentication to secure connections between towers and devices.

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    Wimax: Worldwide Interoperability For Microwave Access

    Uploaded by

    angeloflove15
    79 views20 pages
    WiMAX is a wireless technology that provides broadband connectivity over long distances, allowing internet access to homes and businesses within 30 miles of a WiMAX tower. It operates between 2-66 GHz and supports data transfer rates up to 70 Mbps. There are two types: fixed WiMAX for stationary use and mobile WiMAX which adds features for portable use. WiMAX uses encryption and authentication to secure connections between towers and devices.

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    WIMAX(2)

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    WiMAX is a wireless technology that provides broadband connectivity over long distances, allowing internet access to homes and businesses within 30 miles of a WiMAX tower. It operates between 2-66 GHz and supports data transfer rates up to 70 Mbps. There are two types: fixed WiMAX for stationary use and mobile WiMAX which adds features for portable use. WiMAX uses encryption and authentication to secure connections between towers and devices.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    79 views20 pages

    Wimax: Worldwide Interoperability For Microwave Access

    Uploaded by

    angeloflove15
    WiMAX is a wireless technology that provides broadband connectivity over long distances, allowing internet access to homes and businesses within 30 miles of a WiMAX tower. It operates between 2-66 GHz and supports data transfer rates up to 70 Mbps. There are two types: fixed WiMAX for stationary use and mobile WiMAX which adds features for portable use. WiMAX uses encryption and authentication to secure connections between towers and devices.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    WiMAX

    Worldwide Interoperability
    for Microwave Access

    1
    Table of Contents
     Introduction to WiMAX
     WiMAX Features
     Types of WiMAX
     Technical Specifications
     Comparision
     Types of access Support
     WiMAX Applications
     Parts of WiMAX System
     WiMAX Working
     Security
     Duplexing Scheme in WiMAX
     Benefit of WiMAX
     Drawbacks of WiMAX

    2
    Introduction of WiMAX
     WiMAX is a wireless digital communications system, also known as IEEE
    802.16, that is intended for wireless "metropolitan area networks“, whose
    goal is to provide last mile broadband wireless access to the general
    population.
     WiMAX can provide broadband wireless access (BWA) up to 30 miles (50
    km) for fixed stations, and 3 - 10 miles (5 - 15 km) for mobile stations. 
     With the capability to connect to homes and businesses within a 30 mile
    radius, WiMAX has the potential to give millions of people access to the
    Internet cheaply and easily.
     WiMAX FORUM
    The WiMAX Forum is a non-profit organization that offers a means of testing
    manufacturer's equipment for compatibility, as well as an industry group
    dedicated to fostering the development and commercialization of the
    technology. The Forum was created in 2000 and is composed of industry
    leaders. 

    3
    WiMAX Features
     Long Range, High Data Rate

     Less susceptible to interference

     Very viable mobile alternative to DSL and cable

     Subscribers receive wireless broadband data

     Plug and Play installation

    4
    Types of WiMAX
     Fixed WiMAX and Mobile WiMAX

     Fixed WiMAX is developed based on the IEEE 802.16-2004 standard.

     Mobile WiMAX is based on the IEEE 802.16e standard and targeted


    primarily for portable and mobile applications.

     Mobile WiMAX incorporates additional features crucial to mobile


    applications: handoff, flexible power management (sleep mode and
    idle mode).

    5
    Handoff
    Hard Handoff Soft Handoff

     Hard Handoff uses a break-before-make approach


     Soft Handoff uses a make-before-break approach
    6
    Technical Specifications
    Frequency Range:
    · 2-11 GHz (Non Line-Of-Sight)
    · 10-66 GHz (Line-Of-Sight)
     
    Signal Range:
    · 5 miles (Non Line-Of-Sight)
    · 30 miles (Line-Of-Sight)
     
    Bandwidth:
    · 70 Mbps

    7
    Comparision

    Parameters 802.16 (WIMAX) 802.11 (WLAN) 802.15 (Bluetooth)

    Frequency Band 2-11GHz 2.4GHz Varies

    Range ~30 miles ~100 meters ~10 meters

    Data Transfer Rate 70 Mbps 11-55 Mbps 20 Kbps-55Mbps

    No. of Users Thousands Dozens Dozens

    8
    Types of access Support

    9
    WiMAX Applications

    10
    Parts of WiMAX System
     A WiMAX system consists of two parts:
    - A WiMAX tower, similar in concept to a cell-phone tower
    A single WiMAX tower can provide coverage to a very large area as
    big as 3,000 square miles (~8,000 square km).

    - A WiMAX receiver
    The receiver and antenna could be a small box or PCMCIA card, or they
    could be built into a laptop the way WiFi access is today.

    11
    WiMAX Working

    12
    Working

     Scope
    WiMAX is a connection-oriented
    technology and affects only the
    Physical Layer and the MAC
    portion in the Data Link Layer of
    the OSI Model. Therefore the
    802.16 specification mainly
    describes the scheduling of
    communication between towers
    and WIMAX devices.

    13
    Working
     Convergence Sublayer (CS)
    Systems complying with the IEEE 802.16 standard are to support Asynchronous
    Transfer Mode (ATM) or packet mode of operation. The convergence sublayer is
    specified to deal with these two modes of operation, through the Service Access
    Point (CS SAP).
     MAC Common Part Sublayer (MAC CPS)
    This is the core of the MAC layer, which contains all functions needed to perform data
    exchange and control at the MAC level.
     Privacy Sublayer
    This sublayer implements all the privacy features required due to the air interface
    used for communications, like key exchange and encryption/decryption processes. It
    is interfaced with the physical (PHY) layer through the PHY Service Access Point
    (PHY SAP).
     Physical Layer (PHY)
    The specification of the physical layer is done in the standard with a
    “…high degree of flexibility, in order to allow service providers the ability to
    optimise system deployments with respect to cell planning, cost, radio
    capabilities, services and capacity.”

    14
    Security
     WiMAX traffic is encrypted using 3DES (Triple Data
    Encryption Standard) or AES (Advanced Encryption
    Standard) for securing its transmission over the air.
     The encryption keys are distributed from the BS to the
    SSs using PKM (Private Key Management) protocol to
    ensure that only authorized SSs can receive the keys.
    Every WiMAX user device is authenticated using a digital
    certificate or SIM (Subscriber Identity Module).
     This way, WiMAX keeps user traffic from eavesdropping
    and protects operator or service provider from becoming
    a victim of bandwidth theft by unauthorized users.

    15
    Duplexing Scheme in WiMAX
    WiMAX supports two types of connection
    types —

     Frequency Division Duplexing(FDD)


     Time Division Duplexing(TDD).

    16
    Duplexing Scheme in WiMAX

    Example of FDD— the base tower constantly Example of TDD— the base tower sends data at
    communicate to all towers at one frequency and each certain time intervals and allots time to wait to
    station tower is responds back at another frequency. hear from station towers. 17
    Benefits of WiMAX
     Long Range
    The most significant benefit of WiMAX compared to existing wireless
    technologies is the range. WiMAX has a communication range of up to 30
    miles. This can cover over 2800 square miles— enough to blanket an entire
    city.
     Low Cost
     Wireless
    By using a WiMAX system, companies/ residents no longer have to rip up
    buildings or streets or lay down expensive cables.
     High Bandwidth
    WiMAX can provide shared data rates of up to 70 Mb/s. 
     Service
    WiMAX can provide users with two forms of wireless service:
     Non Line-of-Sight:
     Line-of-Sight:

    19
    Drawbacks of WiMAX
     Hesitancy
    Companies are very hesitant of setting up WiMAX base stations today since
    it is has not reached widespread use yet.  One solution to this problem is
    Intel making their Centrino laptop processors WiMAX enabled within the
    next few years.  All laptops are expected to have WiMAX by 2008.

     Exclusion of Start-Up Companies


    Even though cost provides a low barrier to entry, none of the startup
    companies are projected to be major players in the development of WiMAX. 
    Intel and Cisco seem to have an obvious advantage today, and by the time
    it reaches widespread use, large operators will find WiMAX to be a very
    attractive new way of raising revenues.

     Research and Development


    In order for WiMAX to succeed, new products must be researched and
    developed to incorporate WiMAX. Without the help of major companies
    investing in this R&D, WiMAX could be gravely underutilized.

    20
    References
     IEEE 802.16 WirelessMAN Standard: Myths and Facts.
    ieee802.org.
     WiMAX Forum — Frequently Asked Questions. wimaxforum.org
     Htt://www.intel.com/netcomms//technologies/wimax/
     http://computer.howstuffworks.com/wimax.htm
     http://www.wimaxworld.com
     http://www.wi-fiplanet.com/tutorials/article.php/2236611

    21

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